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Life-history traits of the marbled electric ray, Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810, from the Greek Seas, north-eastern Mediterranean Sea

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Abstract

This work presents new information on the morphological aspects, reproductive biology and diet of the marbled electric ray Torpedo marmorata Risso 1810, in the Eastern Ionian and the Aegean Seas, from October 2017 to August 2020. The whole dataset consisted of 135 females and 109 males, ranging between 91–464 mm and 99–313 mm in total length (TL), respectively. The weight–length relationship of the species and the length frequency distribution of the sexes were described, corroborating the sexual dimorphism of the species. Thirty-one measurements were recorded to test the allometric growth of several characters for female and male specimens, whereas additional metrics (four) were used to investigate its reproductive cycle, in the north-eastern Mediterranean Sea. Sex ratio analysis was not significantly different from the 1:1 ratio. The size at which 50% of the species attained sexual maturity (L50) was the lowest recorded within the Mediterranean Sea for both sexes (261 mm for females and 241 mm for males). Mature males occurred throughout the year, whilst mature females (capable to reproduce) were present in spring and early autumn. The number of embryos ranged from five to 13 per brood. Stomach content examination revealed a preference of T. marmorata for fishes, with differences in prey item consumption between the Ionian and the Aegean Sea. This is the first attempt to describe the life-history traits of T. marmorata in the Greek Seas that will contribute to the future conservation status of the species.

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Data is available upon reasonable request from the authors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the staff of all collaborating programs of the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (National Data Collection Framework programme: MEDITS and MEDIAS, and DEFISHGEAR) and the Fisheries Research Institute (MEDITS, NDCF programme) for the sample collection. We are also grateful to local fishermen from Kavala, Lesvos and Rhodes islands for their contribution to the sampling process and to the two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions. Chrysoula Gubili was supported by the Save Our Seas Foundation (SOSF: 2019-86213). Data from the Ionian Sea were collected in the frame of a doctoral thesis, funded by the Greek DCF programme (A. Chatzispyrou, Life-history traits of the superorder Batoidae in the Eastern Ionian Sea).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Argyroupoli, Athens, Greece

    Archontia Chatzispyrou & Aikaterini Anastasopoulou

  2. Department of Biology, University of Patras, Rio Patras, Greece

    Archontia Chatzispyrou & Constantin Koutsikopoulos

  3. Hellenic Agricultural Organization - DIMITRA, Fisheries Research Institute, Nea Peramos, Kavala, Greece

    Chrysoula Gubili, Konstantinos Touloumis, Dimitrios Karampetsis & Aristeidis Christidis

  4. School of the Environment, Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, Lesvos Island, Greece

    Dimitrios Karampetsis, Serafeim Kioulouris & Ioannis E. Batjakas

  5. Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Panagiota Peristeraki

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Chatzispyrou, A., Gubili, C., Touloumis, K. et al. Life-history traits of the marbled electric ray, Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810, from the Greek Seas, north-eastern Mediterranean Sea. Environ Biol Fish 104, 1575–1592 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-021-01174-9

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