Abstract
Pollinators are crucial to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, agriculture, and climate change adaptation. Crop pollination has a global annual value of US $235–577 billion. In Morocco, insect pollinators contributed USD $1235.06 M to main crop production, accounting for 8.52% of total agricultural GDP. In response to climate change, the geographical range and phenology of insect pollinators shift, their interactions with plants and other taxa are altered, and in some cases, pollination services are reduced. As a result, a decrease in pollination activity clearly compromises adequate crop production for a growing human population. Consequently, other plant species that rely on insect pollinators for outcrossing may also face extinction, putting human health and crop production at risk. The effects of elevated temperature on flowering plants and insect pollinators may have an impact on pollinator floral resources and plant pollination success, respectively. Plant reactions to global warming, irregular rainfall, and other environmental conditions may include altered blooming, nectar, and pollen production, as well as changes in floral resource availability, distribution, visitation quality, pollinator reproductive output, and threat from insect pests and diseases. Pollinator responses, such as changes in foraging spatial scale, body size, and lifetime, may also influence pollen flow patterns and pollination efficiency. Climate change must be considered because it has the potential to have a substantial influence on pollinator populations, resulting in lower productivity and imperiling food security. Efforts should therefore be directed toward the preservation of pollinators. One solution for improving agriculture in Morocco and rising its resilience to climate change is to take an integrated agroecological and socioeconomic approach to pollinator conservation. Thus, monitoring the status and trends of insect pollinators and assessing pollination functions and services are needed to address the potential effects of climate change and inform adaptive management of ecosystems that could help ensure food security and agricultural sustainability. Recommended actions include as well doing more research to fill knowledge gaps, expanding studies to cover a wider range of pollinators, and promoting coordinated follow-up work at the local, regional, and national levels.
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Sabbahi, R. (2022). Effects of Climate Change on Insect Pollinators and Implications for Food Security — Evidence and Recommended Actions. In: Behnassi, M., Gupta, H., Barjees Baig, M., Noorka, I.R. (eds) The Food Security, Biodiversity, and Climate Nexus. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12586-7_8
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