Code
FUMMU
Growth form
broadleaf
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Fumaria apiculata Hammar |
| synonym | Fumaria bastardii var. major Boreau |
| synonym | Fumaria boraei var. muraliformis Clavaud |
| synonym | Fumaria muralis var. cornubiensis Pugsley |
| synonym | Fumaria muralis var. decipiens Pugsley |
| synonym | Fumaria muralis var. lowei Pugsley |
| synonym | Fumaria muralis var. major (Boreau) P.D.Sell |
| synonym | Fumaria muraslis var. laeta R.T.Lowe |
| synonym | Fumaria officinalis var. grandiflora DC. |
| synonym | Fumaria painteri Pugsley |
| synonym | Fumaria sepium var. hurdana Caball. |
🗒 Common Names
| Afrikaans |
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| English |
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| Français / French |
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📚 Overview
Description
Cotyledons
The cotyledons are large, 20 to 35 mm long and of 2 to 4 mm wide. Linear, slightly arched. Base attenuated in a petiole shorter than the leaf blade, with acute apex. Only one visible vein on the underside.
First leaves
The first true leaf is divided, palmate, generally into three segments (middle segment more or less deeply trilobate). The following leaves have many more divisions. Oblong segments. Many axillary buds abundantly branching the rosette.
General habit
Annual plant, glabrous, soft, 10 to 50 cm high, blue green in color.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical, full, branched, slender, glabrous, slightly flexible, more or less erect.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, alternate. Leaf blade with the general outline oval to triangular, carried by a long canaliculate petiole. The lamina is deeply bipinnate, 2 to 3 times divided into narrow segments reduced to the base at the mid vein, to the point of looking like compound leaves. The lobes are apiculate at the top, often tinged with reddish brown. The faces are glabrous. The margin of the lobes is full.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence consists of axillary or terminal loose clusters of 6 to 20 flowers.
Flower
The flowers are narrow, oblong, 6 to 11 mm long, asymmetrical, formed by two oval shaped petal-like sepals, almost as large as the corolla and of 4 linear petals, pale pink and darker at the tip. Upper petal extended at the base into a short rounded spur and ends in a beak at the top.
Fruit
The fruit is a globular silicle, 1.5 mm in diameter, containing a single seed.
Seed
The seed is dark brown lenticular.
Global description
Fumaria muralis is an herbaceous plant, erect or more or less spread out, rarely climbing. The stem is slender and smooth. It is highly branched. The adult leaves are deeply divided into narrow segments. They are bluish green. The leaf lamina is tender and fragile. The flowers are small and narrow, purple or pink with darker spots at the tip. They are arranged in dense clusters. The fruit does not open at maturity. It is globular and contains a single seed.
Cotyledons
The cotyledons are large, 20 to 35 mm long and of 2 to 4 mm wide. Linear, slightly arched. Base attenuated in a petiole shorter than the leaf blade, with acute apex. Only one visible vein on the underside.
First leaves
The first true leaf is divided, palmate, generally into three segments (middle segment more or less deeply trilobate). The following leaves have many more divisions. Oblong segments. Many axillary buds abundantly branching the rosette.
General habit
Annual plant, glabrous, soft, 10 to 50 cm high, blue green in color.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical, full, branched, slender, glabrous, slightly flexible, more or less erect.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, alternate. Leaf blade with the general outline oval to triangular, carried by a long canaliculate petiole. The lamina is deeply bipinnate, 2 to 3 times divided into narrow segments reduced to the base at the mid vein, to the point of looking like compound leaves. The lobes are apiculate at the top, often tinged with reddish brown. The faces are glabrous. The margin of the lobes is full.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence consists of axillary or terminal loose clusters of 6 to 20 flowers.
Flower
The flowers are narrow, oblong, 6 to 11 mm long, asymmetrical, formed by two oval shaped petal-like sepals, almost as large as the corolla and of 4 linear petals, pale pink and darker at the tip. Upper petal extended at the base into a short rounded spur and ends in a beak at the top.
Fruit
The fruit is a globular silicle, 1.5 mm in diameter, containing a single seed.
Seed
The seed is dark brown lenticular.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Reproduction
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Fumaria muralis is an annual species. It reproduces only by seeds, which are capable of germinating after several years.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Simple
Type of prefoliation
Broad leaves
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Cotyledon type
linear
Lamina base
attenuate
Lamina margin
irregular
Lamina apex
apiculate
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Simple leaf type
Lamina filiform
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
in arc
Flower color
Pinkish
Purple
Inflorescence type
Raceme
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Ecology
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Comoros: Fumaria muralis is absent.
Madagascar: absent.
Mauritius: Fumaria muralis is a common species in the humid part of the island; sometimes it becomes a weed in crops.
Reunion: The species grows on almost all types of soils, but prefers light, fresh and rich in organic matter soils. It is established in Reunion island in the West Zone and south of the island, at an altitude between 800 and 1200 m.
Seychelles: absent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Description
Geographical distibution
Reunion Island
Mauritius
Origin
Fumaria muralis is native to France, Spain, Portugal and Morocco
Worldwide distribution
This species is introduced and naturalized in South Africa, Reunion, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Madagascar: absent.
Mauritius: Fumaria muralis is a weed with low harmfulness in sugar cane but medium to high in certain vegetable cultivations.
Reunion: Species present in 20% of cultivated plots but much more frequent and damaging in the medium altitude cultures. This is a troublesome weed to sugarcane and vegetable crops, mainly due to its strong root system and because it is able to form dense stands and on large surfaces with a cover reaching 70-85% .
Seychelles: absent
Local harmfulness
Comoros: Fumaria muralis is absent.Madagascar: absent.
Mauritius: Fumaria muralis is a weed with low harmfulness in sugar cane but medium to high in certain vegetable cultivations.
Reunion: Species present in 20% of cultivated plots but much more frequent and damaging in the medium altitude cultures. This is a troublesome weed to sugarcane and vegetable crops, mainly due to its strong root system and because it is able to form dense stands and on large surfaces with a cover reaching 70-85% .
Seychelles: absent
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
Information Listing > References
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
La flore des mauvaises herbes de la Canne à Sucre à La Réunion. Caractérisation à partir des témoins des essais d’herbicides. 2005-2016
MP
Marnotte PascalWeeds of tropical rainfed cropping systems: are there patterns at a global level of perception?
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisEtude de la phénologie et des traits de réponse aux pratiques culturales des espèces végétales d'intérêt pour la lutte biologique en vergers d'agrumes à la Réunion
FL
Fabrice LE BELLECImages
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Fumaria%2520muralis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Ranunculales |
| Family | Papaveraceae |
| Genus | Fumaria |
| Species | Fumaria muralis Sond. ex W.D.J.Koch |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
