Code
TYHDO
Growth form
Grasslike
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Marshland
Typha domingensis Pers.
synonym | Typha abyssinica Rchb.f. ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha aequalis Schnizl. |
synonym | Typha aethiopica Kronf. |
synonym | Typha americana Rich. ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha angustata Bory & Chaub. |
synonym | Typha angustata subsp. aethiopica (Rohrb.) Kronf. |
synonym | Typha angustata var. abyssinica (Rchb.f. ex Rohrb.) Graebn. |
synonym | Typha angustata var. aethiopica Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha angustata var. gracilis Nyman |
synonym | Typha angustata var. leptocarpa Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia subsp. angustata (Bory & Chaub.) Briq. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia subsp. australis (Schumach.) Kronf. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia subsp. domingensis (Pers.) Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia subsp. javanica (Schnizl. ex Rohrb.) Graebn. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. angustata (Bory & Chaub.) Jord. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. australis (Schumach.) Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. brownii (Kunth) Kronf. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. domingensis (Pers.) Griseb. |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. saulseana Legrand |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. tenuispicata Debeaux |
synonym | Typha angustifolia var. virginica Tidestr. |
synonym | Typha australis Schumach. |
synonym | Typha basedowii Graebn. |
synonym | Typha bracteata Greene |
synonym | Typha brownii Kunth |
synonym | Typha damiattica Ehrenb. ex Rohrb |
synonym | Typha domingensis f. strimonii Cheshm. & Delip. |
synonym | Typha domingensis subsp. australis (Schumach.) F.M.Vázquez |
synonym | Typha domingensis var. angustata (Bory & Chaub.) Gèze |
synonym | Typha domingensis var. australis (Schumach.) Gèze |
synonym | Typha domingensis var. eudomingensis Gèze, nom. inval. |
synonym | Typha domingensis var. javanica (Schnizl. ex Rohrb.) Gèze |
synonym | Typha domingensis var. sachetiae Fosberg |
synonym | Typha ehrenbergii Schur ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha essequeboensis G.Mey. ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha gigantea Schur ex Kunth |
synonym | Typha gracilis Schur, nom. illeg. |
synonym | Typha javanica Schnizl. ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha macranthelia Webb & Berthel. |
synonym | Typha maxima Schur ex Rohrb. |
synonym | Typha media Bory & Chaub., nom. illeg. |
synonym | Typha salgirica Krasnova |
synonym | Typha spiralis Raf. |
synonym | Typha tenuifolia Kunth |
synonym | Typha truxillensis Kunth |
Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
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English |
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French |
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Other |
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Global description
Typha domingensis is a large, rhizomatous, vivacious herbaceous plant that grows in colonies in shallow waters. The stem reaches 4 m in height. The long, narrow leaves are inserted towards the base of the plant. The flowers are grouped in dense cylindrical spikes with separate sexes but located on the same individual. The male spike is located at the end of the stem. The female spike just below the male spike is separated by a bare stem space of 1 to 3 cm. These spikes are brown when ripe.
General habit
Large vivacious herbaceous, rhizomatous, vigorous, upright, narrow-leaved plant that grows 2-4 m tall and can form important stands.
Underground system
The underground system is a creeping rhizome.
Stem
The stem is erect, simple and resistant, elliptical at the base and full. It is glabrous.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, sessile in a distichous arrangement, grouped near the base of the stem, 10 or more. Their base is sheathing sheath devoid of atrium. The lamina is linear and narrow, clearly narrowed at the sheath, convex underside and slightly concave to plan upper surface. It is marked with numerous parallel veins close together and has a flattened entire margin. It is 2.50 m long and 3 to 20 mm wide. Bath faces are glabrous.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is composed of 2 compact spikes, a large female spike, surmounted by a narrower male spike and consisting of numerous flowers pressed against each other. They are equipped at their base with a deciduous bract. The female spike is 13 to 45 cm long and 5 to 40 mm in diameter. It consists of fertile and sterile flowers mixed, inserted on protrusions of the rachis. Female flowers with bracteoles; lanceolate ovary carried by a pedicel 3-6 mm, thin; style 0.5 to 1.5 mm; linear to lanceolate; stigma, 0.8-1.5 mm, wider than the style; the hairs on the pedicel are shorter than the style. The female spike is brown to brown when ripe. The male ear is distant from the female ear 1 to 3.5 cm. It is 17 to 35 cm long and 6 to 7 mm wide. He is brown. The male flowers are reduced to 1 to 3 stamens surrounded by linear spatulate bracts often more or less laciniated at the top. The anthers are 2 mm long. Flowers and fruits are supported by clavate hairs.
Fruit
The fruit is a fusiform follicle. At maturity, it falls with its gynophore and opens with a longitudinal slot.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Benin: Typha domingensis flowers and fructifies from March to November.
Mayotte: Typha domingensis flowers from July to August and fruits from August to September.
West Indies: Flowering occurs from December to May.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Three species of Typha occur in the Camargue, Typha domingensis (Pers.) Steud., Typha latifolia L. and Typha laxmanii Lepech. These three species are distinguished by the following characters:
Species | Typha latifolia | Typha domingensis | Typha laxmannii |
Frequence | frequent | frequent | scarce |
Habitat | aquatic pond border |
aquatic pond border |
pond border |
Size | 0,5 - 2 m | 0,5 - 2 m | 0,5 - 1,5 m |
Leaf | flat 6-18 mm wide |
convex plane 3-8 mm wide |
convex plane 2-4 mm wide |
Infloresence | black brown female spike 10-20 cm space between female andd male spike 0-0,2 cm |
chocolat brown female spike 15-45 cm space between female andd male spike 1-3,5 cm |
tawny brown female spike 1,5-2 cm space between female andd male spike 2-6 cm |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Typha domingensis is an aquatic plant of temporarily wet shallow wetlands and shallow waters (up to 1 m) that inhabit marshlands, ponds edges, river banks and also drainage and irrigation canals, often forming large dense colonies. It can grow in fresh, brackish or salty water.
Benin: Swamps, ponds, lake shores, lagoons and rivers. Advent of rice fields.
Mayotte: Typha domingensis is an exotic species present only in the wetland of Accoua village.
Reunion: Typha domingensis grows at the edge of ponds at low elevation, including the pond of Saint Paul and the pond of Gol.
West Indies: Typha domingensis is considered very rare by J. Fournet. It is present in Guadeloupe in the coastal marshes, but seems in phase of expansion.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Worldwide distribution
Typha domingensis is a very common species in all tropical and Mediterranean regions (India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam; Africa, South-West Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America). It is the only species of Typha in Mascarenes, Comoros and Madagascar and the only one in many African countries.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Local harmfulness
West Indies: Typha domingensis is a rare species, not present in crops.
Benin: frequent and scanty in the rice field.
Burkina Faso: rare but abundant when it is present in the rice field.
Ivory Coast: frequent and scanty in the rice field.
Ghana: rare but abundant when it is present in the rice field.
Mali: rare but abundant when it is present in the rice field.
Reunion: Typha domingensis is not a problem in cultivation.
Senegal: rare but abundant when it is present in the rice field.
Tanzania: rare but abundant when it is present in the rice field.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1
- Akoégninou, A., W. J. van der Burg and L. G. van der Maesen (2006). Flore analytique du Bénin. Cotonou, Bénin, Wageningen, Pays-Bas, Backhuis Publishers.
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1968. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1
- Akoégninou, A., W. J. van der Burg and L. G. van der Maesen (2006). Flore analytique du Bénin. Cotonou, Bénin, Wageningen, Pays-Bas, Backhuis Publishers.
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1968. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds
Herbarium images ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Typha%2520domingensis
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Liliopsida |
Order | Poales |
Family | Typhaceae |
Genus | Typha |
Species | Typha domingensis Pers. |