The common hawthorn (żagħrun), which bears the scientific name of crataegus monogyna, is of particular interest for us because it is a native of the Mediterranean region. On our islands, this tree is frequently found growing in rocky valleys and in areas supporting maquis.
The common hawthorn is a thorny shrub, or small tree, supporting a dense crown. Its main trunk is usually dark grey, while the younger stems are reddish brown, bearing impressive thorns.
The lively green leaves, which are discarded in autumn, are remarkably segmented into three to five lobes. Between March and May we may see its beautiful white flowers, which are borne in simple or compound clusters.
These flowers, which are composed of five petals, are hermaphrodite (bear both male and female organs). Interestingly, they are pollinated by a small two-winged fly and later in the year form an edible small bright red fruit. These fruits, known as haws, are an important source of food for wildlife.
The fruit of this tree has many uses – it can be made into jams, jellies, wine and liquor.
The common hawthorn is considered to be a strictly protected tree under national legislation and one should not prune, fell or uproot this tree without previously obtaining the necessary permits from the Competent Authorities. Through the designation of special areas of conservation, Mepa is helping protect a number of areas of maquis and through these protected areas it also safeguards the species found there, such as the common hawthorn. More information may be obtained by e-mail: nature.requests@mepa.org.mt.
The United Nations declared 2010 to be the International Year of Biodiversity. Malta, together with many other countries around the globe, is carrying out a number of initiatives to celebrate life on earth and the value of biodiversity for our lives. We are all invited to take action to safeguard the variety of life on earth: Biodiversity.