oi.uchicago.edu ITHE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO EDITORIAL BOARD IGNACE J. GELB, BENNO LANDSBERGER, A. LEO OPPENHEIM 1962 PUBLISHED BY THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, U.S.A. AND J. J. AUGUSTIN VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG, GLUCKSTADT, GERMANY oi.uchicago.edu INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-918986-18-4 (SET: 0-918986-05-2) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 56-58292 COPYRIGHT UNDER THE INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT UNION, 1962 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED by THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Fifth Printing 2004 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COMPOSITION BY J. J. AUGUSTIN, GLUCKSTADT, GERMANY oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY VOLUME 16 A. LEO OPPENHEIM, EDITOR-IN-CHARGE ERICA REINER, ASSOCIATE EDITOR WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF RIVKAH HARRIS, BURKHART KIENAST, AND RONALD F. G. SWEET ASSISTANTS TO THE EDITOR ELIZABETH BOWMAN AND MARIE-ANNE HONEYWELL oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Foreword Sections of the basic manuscript of this volume were prepared by Rivkah Harris, Burkhart Kienast and Ronald F. G. Sweet. Thanks are due to Professor W. G. Lambert, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, who has again suggested a number of improvements. The present volume owes very much to Dr. H. Hirsch, University of Vienna, whose careful reading of the manuscript and constructive criticisms are here gratefully acknowledged. A. LEO OPPENHEIM Chicago, Illinois, October 1, 1961 oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Provisional List of Bibliographical Abbreviations The following list of text editions, periodicals, standard publications, etc., is meant to supplement the list of abbreviations contained in von Soden's Grundriss der akkadischen Grammatik p. xviiif., as well as those offered by the Archiv fur Orientforschung and the Zeitschrift fir Assyriologie. This provisional list will be kept a jour in the subsequent volumes of the CAD until a complete list is published with all bibliographical information. The present list also contains the titles of the lexical series as prepared for publication by B. Landsberger, or under his supervision, or in collaboration with him. A A lexical series a A = ndqu tablets in the collections of the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago L. Abel and H. Winckler, KeilAbel-Winckler schrifttexte zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen Acta Or. Acta Orientalia e Actes du 8 Con- Actes du 8 e Congres International gres Internades Orientalistes, Section S6mitional tique (B) AGM Archiv fir Geschichte der Medizin AHDO Archives d'Histoire du Droit Oriental von Soden, Akkadisches AHw. W. Handworterbuch Ai. lexical series ki.KI.KAL.bi.se = ana ittisu, pub. MSL 1 An lexical series An = Anum Andrae W. Andrae, Die Festungswerke Festungswerke von Assur (= WVDOG 23) Andrae W. Andrae, Die Stelenreihen in Stelenreihen Assur (= WVDOG 24) Angim epic Angim dimma, cited from MS. of A. Falkenstein AnSt Anatolian Studies Antagal lexical series antagal = saq AO tablets in the collections of the Musee du Louvre AOS American Oriental Series ARMT Archives Royales de Mari (texts in transliteration and translation) Aro Glossar J. Aro, Glossar zu den mittelbabylonischen Briefen (= StOr 22) Aro Gramm. J. Aro, Studien zur mittelbabylonischen Grammatik (= StOr 20) ArOr ARU Archiv orientalni J. Kohler and A. Ungnad, Assyrische Rechtsurkunden Assur field numbers of tablets excavated at Assur A-tablet lexical text Augapfel J. Augapfel, BabylonischeRechtsurkunden aus der Regierungszeit Artaxerxes I. und Darius II. Bab. Babyloniaca Balkan Kassit. K. Balkan, Kassitenstudien Stud. (= AOS 37) Balkan Letter K. Balkan, Letter of King AnumHirbi of Mama to King Warshama of Kanish Balkan K. Balkan, Observations on the Observations Chronological Problems of the Karum Kanis Barton RISA G. A. Barton, The Royal Inscriptions of Sumer and Akkad Bauer Asb. Th. Bauer, Das Inschriftenwerk Assurbanipals Tirk Tarih Kurumu, Belleten Belleten C. Bezold, Catalogue of the CuneiBezold Cat. form Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum Bezold L. W. King, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets of the British Cat. Supp. Museum. Supplement Bezold Glossar C. Bezold, Babylonisch-assyrisches Glossar E. Bilgig, Die einheimischen ApBilgic Appellativa der kapp. pellativa der kappadokischen Texte Texte ... BM tablets in the collections of the British Museum F. M. T. Bohl, Akkadian ChresBohl Chrestomathy tomathy Bohl Leiden F. M. T. Bohl, Mededeelingen uit Coll. de Leidsche Verzameling van Spijkerschrift-Inscripties A. Boissier, Choix de textes relaBoissier Choix tifs a la divination assyro-babylonienne vii oi.uchicago.edu ProvisionalList of BibliographicalAbbreviations Boissier DA A. Boissier, Documents assyriens relatifs aux presages Bollenriicher J. Bollenricher, Gebete und Nergal Hymnen an Nergal (= LSS 1/6) BOR Babylonian and Oriental Record Borger Esarh. R. Borger, Die Inschriften Asarhaddons Konigs von Assyrien (= AfO Beiheft 9) Boson Tavolette G. Boson, Tavolette cuneiformi sumere ... Boudou Liste R. P. Boudou, Liste de noms geographiques (= Or 36-38) Boyer ContriG. Boyer, Contribution a l'histoire bution juridique de la Ire dynastie babylonienne C. Brockelmann, Lexicon syriaBrockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 cum, 2nd ed. Bulletin of the School of Oriental BSOAS and African Studies (London) CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago tablets in the collections of the CBM University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia CBS tablets in the collections of the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia R. F. Harper, The Code of HamCH murabi ... Chantre E. Chantre, Recherches arch6ologiques dans l'Asie occidentale. Mission en Cappadoce 1893-94 Christian Festschrift fur Prof. Dr. Viktor Festschrift Christian (ig-KizilyayM. Qig, H. Kizilyay (Bozkurt), Kraus Nippur F. R. Kraus, Altbabylonische Rechtsurkunden aus Nippur M. Qig, H. Kizilyay, A. Salonen, (ig-KizilyaySalonen Puzris- Die Puzris-Dagan-Texte Dagan-Texte (= AASF B 92) Clay PN A. T. Clay, Personal Names from Cuneiform Inscriptions of the Cassite Period (= YOR 1) Coll. de Clercq H. F. X. de Clercq, Collection de Clercq. Catalogue ... E. Combe, Histoire du culte Combe Sin de Sin en Babylonie et en Assyrie G. Contenau, Contribution a Contenau l'histoire economique d'Umma Contribution G. Contenau, Umma sous la DyContenau nastie d'Ur Umma Corpus of anE. Porada, Corpus of ancient Near cient Near Eastern seals in North American Eastern seals collections Acad6mie des Inscriptions et CRAI Belles-Lettres. Comptes rendus Craig AAT J. A. Craig, Astrological-Astronomical Texts Craig ABRT J. A. Craig, Assyrian and Babylonian Religious Texts Cros Tello G. Cros, Mission fran9aise de Chaldee. Nouvelles fouilles de Tello Deimel Fara A. Deimel, Die Inschriften von Fara (= WVDOG 40, 43, 45) Delitzsch AL3 F. Delitzsch, Assyrische Lesestiicke. 3rd ed. Delitzsch HWB F. Delitzsch, Assyrisches Handworterbuch Diri lexical series diri DIR siaku = (w)atru Dream-book A. L. Oppenheim, The Interpretation of Dreams in the Ancient Near East (= Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 46/3) D. T. tablets in the collections of the British Museum Ea lexical series ea A = ndqu EA J. A. Knudtzon, Die El-AmarnaTafeln (= VAB 2) Eames Coll. A. L. Oppenheim, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets of the Wilberforce Eames Babylonian Collection in the New York Public Library (= AOS 32) Eames tablets in the Wilberforce Eames Collection Babylonian Collection in the New York Public Library Ebeling E. Ebeling, Die akkadische GeHanderhebung betsserie Su-ila "Handerhebung" (= VIO 20) Ebeling KMI E. Ebeling, Keilschrifttexte medizinischen Inhalts Ebeling NeuE. Ebeling, Neubabylonische bab. Briefe Briefe Ebeling NeuE. Ebeling, Neubabylonische bab. Briefe Briefe aus Uruk aus Uruk Ebeling E. Ebeling, Parfiimrezepte und Parfiimrez. kultische Texte aus Assur, Sonderdruck aus Orientalia 17-19 Ebeling E. Ebeling, Stiftungen und Vorschriften fur assyrische Tempel Stiftungen (= VIO 23) Ebeling E. Ebeling, Bruchstiicke einer mittelassyrischen VorschriftenWagenpferde sammlung fur die Akklimatisierung und Trainierung von Wagenpferden (= VIO 7) Edzard D. O. Edzard, Die "Zweite Zwischenzeit Zwischenzeit" Babyloniens Eilers Beamten- W. Eilers, Iranische Beamtennamen namen in der keilschriftlichen tberlieferung (= Abhandlungen fiur die Kunde des Morgenlandes 25/5) viii oi.uchicago.edu ProvisionalList of BibliographicalAbbreviations Eilers Gesellschaftsformen Emesal Voc. W. Eilers, Gesellschaftsformen im altbabylonischen Recht lexical series dimmer = dingir = ilu, pub. MSL 4 3-44 Erimhus lexical series erimhus = anantu Erimhus Bogh. Boghazkeui version of Erimhus Eshnunna Code see Goetze LE Evetts Ev.-M. Evil-Merodach (texts pub. by B. T. A. Evetts) Evetts Lab. Laborosoarchod (texts pub. by B. T. A. Evetts) Evetts Ner. Neriglissar (texts pub. by B. T. A. Evetts) Explicit Malku synonym list malku = sarru, explicit version Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Das Sumerische Das Sumerische (= Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abteilung, Zweiter Band, Erster & Zweiter Abschnitt, Lieferung I) Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Die neusumeriGerichtsschen Gerichtsurkunden urkunden (= ABAW Phil.-hist. Klasse, N. F. 39-40 and 44) Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Grammatik der Grammatik Sprache Gudeas von Lagas (= AnOr 28 and 29) Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Die Haupttypen Haupttypen der sumerischen Beschworung (= LSS NF 1) Figulla Cat. H. H. Figulla, Catalogue of the Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum Finet L'Accadien A. Finet, L'Accadien des Lettres de Mari Frankena R. Frankena, Takultu de sacrale Takultu Maaltijd in het assyrische Ritueel Friedrich J. Friedrich, Die Hethitischen Gesetze Gesetze (= Documenta et monumenta orientis antiqui 7) Friedrich J. Friedrich, HethitischesWorterbuch ... Heth. Wb. Gadd Early C. J. Gadd, The Early Dynasties Dynasties of Sumer and Akkad Gadd Ideas C. J. Gadd, Ideas of Divine Rule in the Ancient East Gautier Dilbat J. E. Gautier, Archives d'une famille de Dilbat ... Gelb OAIC I. J. Gelb, Old Akkadian Inscriptions in Chicago Natural History Museum Genouillac H. de Genouillac, Premieres reKich cherches archeologiques a Kich Genouillac H. de Genouillac, La trouvaille de Trouvaille Drehem Gesenius 17 W. Gesenius, Hebraisches und Aramijisches Handw6rterbuch, 17th ed. Gilg. Gilgames epic, cited from Thompson Gilg. ix Gilg. O. I. OB Gilg. fragment from Ishchali pub. by Th. Bauer in JNES 16 Goetze LE A. Goetze, The Laws of Eshnunna (= AASOR 31) V. S. Golenischeff, Vingt-quatre tablettes cappadociennes ... C. H. Gordon, Ugaritic Handbook (= AnOr 25) C. H. Gordon, Smith College Tablets ... (= Smith College Studies in History, Vol. 38) E. I. Gordon, Sumerian Proverbs 254ff. Golenischeff Gordon Handbook Gordon Smith College Gordon Sumerian Proverbs G6ssmann Era P. F. G6ssmann, Das Era-Epos Grant Bus. Doc. E. Grant, Babylonian Business Documents of the Classical Period Grant Smith E. Grant, Cuneiform Documents College in the Smith College Library Gray Samas C. D. Gray, The Samas Religious Texts ... Guest Notes E. Guest, Notes on Plants and on Plants Plant Products with their Colloquial Names in CIraq Guest Notes E. Guest, Notes on Trees and on Trees Shrubs for Lower Iraq Hallo Royal W. W. Hallo, Early MesopotaTitles mian Royal Titles (= AOS 43) Haupt P. Haupt, Das babylonische Nimrodepos Nimrodepos Haverford E. Grant ed., The Haverford Symposium Symposium on Archaeology and the Bible Herzfeld API E. Herzfeld, Altpersische Inschriften Hewett AnniD. D. Brand and F. E. Harvey versary Vol. ed., So Live the Works of Men: seventieth anniversary volume honoring Edgar Lee Hewett Hg. lexical series HAR.gud = imrz = ballu HG J. Kohler et al., Hammurabi's Gesetz Hh. lexical series HAR.ra = hubullu (Hh. I-IV pub. Landsberger, MSL 5; Hh. V-VII pub. Landsberger, MSL 6; Hh. VIII-XII pub. Landsberger, MSL 7; Hh. XIII-XIV pub. Landsberger, MSL 8; Hh. XXIII pub. Oppenheim-Hartman, JAOS Supp. 1022-29) Hilprecht Deluge Story Hinke Kudurru H. V. Hilprecht, The Earliest Version of the Babylonian Deluge Story and the Temple Library of Nippur W. J. Hinke, Selected Babylonian Kudurru Inscriptions, No. 5, p. 21-27 oi.uchicago.edu Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations Hirsch Untersuchungen H. Hirsch, Untersuchungen zur altassyrischen Religion. (= AfO Beiheft 13/14) Holma H. Holma, Kleine Beitrage zum K1. Beitr. assyrischen Lexikon Holma H. Holma, Die Namen der KorKorperteile perteile im Assyrisch-Babylonischen Holma Quttulu H. Holma, Die assyrisch-babylonischen Personennamen der Form Quttulu ... Holma Weitere H. Holma, Weitere Beitrage zum Beitr. assyrischen Lexikon Hrozny Code F. Hrozny, Code hittite provenant Hittite de l'Asie Mineure Hrozny Getreide F. Hrozny, Das Getreide im alten Babylonien ... Hrozny Kultepe F. Hrozny, Inscriptions cuneiformes du Kultepe (= Monogr. ArOr 14) Hrozny F. Hrozny, Die KeilschriftTa'annek texte von Ta'annek, in Sellin Ta'annek HS tablets in theHilprecht collection, Jena HSM Harvard Semitic Museum Hussey Sumer- M. A. Hussey, Sumerian Tablets ian Tablets in the Harvard Semitic Museum (= HSS 3 and 4) IB tablets in the Pontificio Istituto Biblico, Rome IBoT Istanbul Arkeoloji Miizelerinde Bulunan Bogazkoy Tabletleri Idu lexical series A =idu IEJ Israel Exploration Journal IF Indogermanische Forschungen Igituh lexical series igituh = tamartu. Igituh short version pub. Landsberger-Gurney, AfO 18 81ff. IM tablets in the collections of the Iraq Museum, Baghdad Imgidda to see Erimhus Erimhus Istanbul tablets in the collections of the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul Izbu Comm. commentary to the series summa izbu, cited from MS. of B. Landsberger Izi lexical series izi = isatu Izi Bogh. Boghazkeui version of Izi Jacobsen T. Jacobsen, Cuneiform Texts in Copenhagen the National Museum, Copenhagen Jastrow Diet. M. Jastrow, Dictionary of the Targumim ... JEN Joint Expedition with the Iraq Museum at Nuzi JENu Joint Expedition with the Iraq Museum at Nuzi, unpub. JESHO Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient Jestin Suruppak R. Jestin, Tablettes sumeriennes de Suruppak ... Johns DoomsC. H. W. Johns, An Assyrian day Book Doomsday Book K. tablets in the Kouyunjik collection of the British Museum Kagal lexical series k agal = abullu Kent Old R. G. Kent, Old Persian ... Persian (= AOS 33) Ker Porter R. Ker Porter, Travels in Georgia, Travels Persia, Armenia, ancient Babylonia, etc. ... Kh. tablets from Khafadje in the collections of the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago Kienast ATHE B. Kienast, Die altassyrischen Texte des Orientalischen Seminars der Universittt Heidelberg und der Sammlung Erlenmeyer L. W. King, Chronicles ConcernKing Chron. ing Early Babylonian Kings ... King Hittite L. W. King, Hittite Texts in the Texts Cuneiform Character in the British Museum tablets in the collections of the Kish Ashmolean Museum, Oxford J. A. Knudtzon, Assyrische GeKnudtzon bete an den Sonnengott ... Gebete F. Kocher, Keilschrifttexte zur Kocher assyrisch-babylonischen DrogenPflanzenkunde und Pflanzenkunde (= VIO 28) Koschaker Birg- P. Koschaker, Babylonisch-assyrisches Burgschaftsrecht schaftsrecht P. Koschaker, Uber einige grieKoschaker chische Rechtsurkunden aus den Griech. ostlichen Randgebieten des HelRechtsurk. lenismus P. Koschaker, Neue KeilschriftKoschaker liche Rechtsurkunden aus der NRUA el-Amarna-Zeit S. N. Kramer, Enmerkar and the Kramer Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta Lord of Aratta S. N. Kramer, Lamentation over Kramer the Destruction of Ur (= AS 12) Lamentation Kramer SLTN S. N. Kramer, Sumerian Literary Texts from Nippur (= AASOR 23) Kraus Edikt F. R. Kraus, Ein Edikt des Konigs Ammi-Saduqa von Babylon F. R. Kraus, Texte zur babyloKraus Texte nischen Physiognomatik (= AfO Beiheft 3) KT Blanckertz J. Lewy, Die Kiiltepetexte der Sammlung Blanckertz ... J. Lewy, Die Kiiltepetexte der KT Hahn Sammlung Hahn ... oi.uchicago.edu Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations F. Kiichler, Beitrage zur Kenntnis der assyrisch-babylonischen Medizin ... unpublished tablets from Kultepe Kiiltepe R. Labat, L'Akkadien de BoghazLabat L'Akkadien koi R. Labat, Traite akkadien de diaLabat TDP gnostics et pronostics medicaux J. Laessoe, Studies on the AsLaessoe Bit syrian Ritual bit rimki Rimki J. B. F. Lajard, Recherches sur Lajard Culte le culte ... de Venus ... de Venus Lambert BWL W. G. Lambert, Babylonian Wisdom Literature W. G. Lambert, Marduk's AdLambert Mardress to the Demons (= AfO 17 duk's Address to the Demons 310ff.) B. Landsberger, Die Fauna des Landsberger Fauna alten Mesopotamien ... LandsbergerB. Landsberger and T. Jacobsen, Jacobsen Georgica (in MS.) Georgica B. Landsberger, Der kultische Landsberger Kult. Kalender Kalender der Babylonier und Assyrer (= LSS 6/1-2) S. Langdon, Babylonian LiturLangdon BL Kichler Beitr. gies Langdon Creation Langdon Menologies Langdon SBP Langdon Tammuz Lanu Lautner Personenmiete Layard Layard Discoveries LBAT Le Gac Asn. Legrain TRU LehmannHaupt CIC Lidzbarski Handbuch S. Langdon, The Babylonian Epic of Creation S. Langdon, Babylonian Menologies ... S. Langdon, Sumerian and Babylonian Psalms S. Langdon, Tammuz and Ishtar lexical series al am = lanu J. G. Lautner, Altbabylonische Personenmiete und Erntearbeitervertrage (Studia et Documenta ad Iura Orientis Antiqui Pertinentia 1) A. H. Layard, Inscriptions in the Cuneiform Character ... A. H. Layard, Discoveries among the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, copied by T. G. Pinches and J. N. Strassmaier, prepared for publication by A. J. Sachs, with the cooperation of J. Schaumberger Y. Le Gac, Les Inscriptions d'Assur-nasir-aplu III L. Legrain, Le temps des rois d'Ur F. F. C. Lehmann-Haupt ed., Corpus Inscriptionum Chaldicarum M. Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik A. G. Lie, The Inscriptions of Sargon II LKA E. Ebeling, Literarische Keilschrifttexte aus Assur Low Flora I. Low, Die Flora der Juden lexical series li = sa (formerly Lu called li = amilu) melambi u Lugale epic Lugale nergal, cited from MS. of A. Falkenstein D. G. Lyon, Keilschrifttexte SarLyon Sar. gon's ... MAD Materials for the Assyrian Dictionary MAH tablets in the collection of the Musee d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva Malku synonym list malku = sarru MDP Memoires de la Delegation en Perse Meissner BAP B. Meissner, Beitrage zum altbabylonischen Privatrecht Meissner BAW B. Meissner, Beitrage zum assyrischen Worterbuch (= AS 1 and 4) Meissner BuA B. Meissner, Babylonien und Assyrien Meissner-Rost B. Meissner and P. Rost, Die Bauinschriften Sanheribs Senn. Meissner Supp. B. Meissner, Supplement zu den assyrischen Worterbiichern Mel. Dussaud Melanges syriens offerts a M. Rene Dussaud Meloni Saggi Gerardo Meloni, Saggi di filologia semitica MLC tablets in the collections of the library of J. Pierpont Morgan Moldenke A. B. Moldenke, Babylonian Contract Tablets in the Metropolitan Museum of Art Moore Michigan E. W. Moore, Neo-Babylonian Coll. Documents in the University of Michigan Collection Moran Temple W. L. Moran, Sumero-Akkadian Lists Temple Lists (in MS.) MRS Mission de Ras Shamra MSP J.J.M. deMorgan, Mission scientifique en Perse N. tablets in the collections of the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Nabnitu lexical series SIG+ALAM = nabnitu NBC tablets in the Babylonian Collection, Yale University Library Neobabylonian Grammatical NBGT Texts, pub. MSL 4 129-178 Nbk. Nebuchadnezzar (texts published by J. N. Strassmaier) Nbn. Nabonidus (texts pub. by J. N. Strassmaier) Lie Sar. xi oi.uchicago.edu ProvisionalList of BibliographicalAbbreviations ND tablets excavated at Nimrud Proto-Diri Proto-Ea Proto-Izi Proto-Lu PRSM (Kalhu) Neugebauer ACT Ni Nies UDT Nikolski N6tscher Ellil NT OBGT OB Lu OECT Oppenheim Beer Oppenheim Mietrecht Oppert-Menant Doc. jur. Pallis Akitu Parrot Documents Peiser Urkunden Peiser Vertrage Perry Sin Photo. Ass. Photo. Konst. Piepkorn Asb. O. Neugebauer, Astronomical Cuneiform Texts tablets excavated at Nippur, in the collections of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia J. B. Nies, Ur Dynasty Tablets M. V. Nikolski, Dokumenty khoziaistvennoi otchetnosti ... F. Notscher, Ellil in Sumcr und Akkad field numbers of tablets excavated at Nippur by the Oriental Institute and other institutions Old Babylonian Grammatical Texts, pub. MSL 4 47-128 Old Babylonian version of Lu Oxford Editions of Cuneiform Texts L. F. Hartman and A. L. Oppenheim, On Beer and Brewing Techniques in Ancient Mesopotamia ... (= JAOS Supp. 10) L. Oppenheim, Untersuchungen zum babylonischen Mietrecht (= WZKM Beiheft 2) J. Oppert et J. Menant, Documents juridiques de l'Assyrie S. A. Pallis, The Babylonian Akitu Festival Andre Parrot, Documents et Monuments (= Mission Archeologique de Mari II, Le Palais, tome 3) F.E. Peiser, Urkunden aus der Zeit der 3. babylonischen Dynastie F. E. Peiser, Babylonische Vertrage des Berliner Museums ... E. G. Perry, Hymnen und Gebete an Sin field photographs of tablets excavated at Assur field photographs of tablets excavated at Assur A. C. Piepkorn, Historical Prism Inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (= AS 5) Pinches Amherst Pinches Berens Coll. Pinches Peek T. G. Pinches, The Amherst Tablets ... T. G. Pinches, The Babylonian Tablets of the Berens Collection T. G. Pinches, Inscribed Babylonian Tablets in the possession of Sir Henry Peek Practical Volexical text, pub. Landsbergercabulary Assur Gurney, AfO 18 328ff. Pritchard J. B. Pritchard ed., Ancient Near ANET Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 2nd ed. xii see Diri see Ea; pub. MSL 2 35-94 see Izi see Lu Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine RAcc. F. Thureau-Dangin, Rituels accadiens Ranke PN H. Ranke, Early Babylonian Personal Names Recip. Ea lexical series "Reciprocal Ea" Reiner Lipsur E. Reiner, Lipsur-Litanies Litanies (= JNES 15 129ff.) RES Revue des etudes semitiques Riftin A. P. Riftin, Staro-Vavilonskie iuridicheskie i administrativnye dokumenty v sobraniiakh SSSR Rm. tablets in the collections of the British Museum ROM tablets in the collections of the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto Rost Tigl. III P. Rost, Die Keilschrifttexte Tiglat-Pilesers III ... RS field numbers of tablets excavated at Ras Shamra RTC F. Thureau-Dangin, Recueil de tablettes chaldeennes SAKI F. Thureau-Dangin, Die sumerischen und akkadischen Konigsinschriften (= VAB 1) Sa Voc. lexical series Syllabary A Vocabulary, pub. MSL 3 51-87 A. Salonen, Die Tiiren des alten Salonen Tiiren Mesopotamien Sb lexical series Syllabary B, pub. MSL 3 96-128 and 132-153 V. Scheil, Une saison de fouilles a Scheil Sippar Sippar Scheil Tn. II V. Scheil, Annales de TukultiNinip II ... Schneider N. Schneider, Die Gotternamen von Ur III (= AnOr 19) Gotternamen Schneider Zeit- N. Schneider, Die Zeitbestimmungen der Wirschaftsurkunden bestimmungen von Ur III (= AnOr 13) Sellin Ta'annek E. Sellin, Tell Ta'annek ... Shileiko V. K. Shileiko, Dokumenty iz Dokumenty Giul-tepe field numbers of tablets excavated Si at Sippar Silbenvokabular lexical series Sjoberg A. Sjoberg, Der Mondgott NannaSuen in der sumerischen UberMondgott lieferung, I. Teil: Text Studia ad Tabulas Cuneiformas SLB a F. M. Th. de Liagre Bohl Pertinentia Sm. tablets in the collections of the British Museum oi.uchicago.edu ProvisionalList of BibliographicalAbbreviations S. A. Smith Misc. S. A. Smith, Miscellaneous AssyrAssyr. Texts ian Texts of the British Museum Smith Idrimi S. Smith, The Statue of Idri-mi Smith Senn. S. Smith, The first Campaign of Sennacherib ... SMN tablets excavated at Nuzi, in the Semitic Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge von Soden W. von Soden, Grundriss der akGAG kadischenGrammatik(=AnOr 33) von Soden W. von Soden, Das akkadische Syllabar Syllabar (= AnOr 27) SommerF. Sommer and A. Falkenstein, Falkenstein Die hethitisch-akkadische BiBil. lingue des Hattusili I Speleers Recueil L. Speleers, Recueil des Inscriptions de 1'Asie ant6rieure des Musees royaux du cinquantenaire & Bruxelles SSB Erg. F. X. Kugler and J. Schaumberger, Sternkunde und Sterndienst in Babel, Erganzungen... Stamm J. J. Stamm, Die akkadische NaNamengebung mengebung (= MVAG 44) Starr Nuzi R. F. S. Starr, Nuzi. Report on the excavations at Yorgan Tepa ... Strassmaier AV J. N. Strassmaier, Alphabetisches Verzeichniss der Assyrischen und Akkadischen Worter Strassmaier J. N. Strassmaier, Die BabyloLiverpool nischen Inschriften im Museum e zu Liverpool, Actes du 6 Congres International des Orientalistes, II, Section Semitique (1) (1885), plates after p. 624 J. N. Strassmaier, Texte altStrassmaier Warka babylonischer Vertrage Warka, Verhandlungen des Fiinften Internationalen Orientalisten-Congresses (1881), Beilage ... Streck Asb. M. Streck, Assurbanipal (= VAB 7) O. R. Gurney and J. J. FinkelSTT stein, The Sultantepe Tablets I Studia Mariana (= Documenta et monumenta orientis antiqui 4) Studia OrienStudia Orientalia Ioanni Pedersen Dicata talia Pedersen Sultantepe field numbers of tablets excavated at Sultantepe Ankara Universitesi Dil ve TarihSumeroloji Aratirmalari Cografya Fakiiltesi Sumeroloji arastirmalari, 1940-41 Surpu E.Reiner, Surpu (==AfO Beiheft 11) Symb. KoSymbolae P. Koschaker dedicatae schaker Szlechter E. Szlechter, Tablettes Juridiques Tablettes de la 1re Dynastie de Babylone T tablets in the collections of the Staatliche Museen, Berlin Tablet Funck one of several tablets in private possession (mentioned as F. 1,2, 3, Delitzsch HWB xiii), cited from unpublished copies of Delitzsch Tallqvist APN K. Tallqvist, Assyrian Personal Names Tallqvist K. Tallqvist, Akkadische GotterGotterepitheta epitheta (= StOr 7) Tallqvist Maqlu K. Tallqvist, Die assyrische Beschworungsserie Maqlf Tallqvist NBN K. Tallqvist, Neubabylonisches Namenbuch ... Tell Asmar tablets excavated at Tell Asmar, in the collections of the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago Tell Halaf J. Friedrich et al., Die Inschriften vom Tell Halaf (= AfO Beiheft 6) Th. tablets in the collections of the British Museum Thompson AH R. C. Thompson, The Assyrian Herbal Thompson R. C. Thompson, On the ChemisChem. try of the Ancient Assyrians R. C. Thompson, A Dictionary of Thompson DAB Assyrian Botany Thompson R. C. Thompson, A Dictionary of DAC Assyrian Chemistry and Geology Thompson R. C. Thompson, The Prisms of Esarh. Esarhaddon and of Ashurbanipal ... Thompson R. C. Thompson, The Epic of Gilg. Gilgamish Thompson Rep. R. C. Thompson, The Reports of the Magicians and Astrologers ... Thureau-Dangin F. Thureau-Dangin, M. Dunand Til-Barsib et al., Til-Barsib TLB Tabulae cuneiformae a F. M. Th. de Liagre Bohl collectae Tn.-Epic Tukulti-Ninurta Epic, pub. AAA 20, p. 101ff., and Archaeologia 79 pl. 49; transliteration in Ebeling, MAOG 12/2 Torczyner H. Torczyner, Altbabylonische TempelTempelrechnungen ... rechnungen TuM Texte und Materialien der Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities Unger Babylon E. Unger, Babylon, die heilige Stadt ... Unger Bel-Har- E. Unger, Die Stele des Belran-beli-ussur harran-beli-ussur Unger ReliefE. Unger, Reliefstele Adadniraris stele III. aus Saba'a und Semiramis Ungnad NRV A. Ungnad, Neubabylonische Glossar Rechts- und Verwaltungsurkunden. Glossar Uruanna pharmaceutical series uruanna : mastakal X111 oi.uchicago.edu Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations Vorliufige Berichte fiber die ... Ausgrabungen in Uruk-Warka (Berlin 1930 ff.) tablets in the collections of the VAT Staatliche Museen, Berlin VIO Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fiir Orientforschung, Berlin Ch. Virolleaud, La legende pheniVirolleaud cienne de Danel Danel Virolleaud Ch. Virolleaud, Fragments de textes divinatoires assyriens du Fragments Musee Britannique A. Walther, Das altbabylonische Walther Gerichtswesen Gerichtswesen (= LSS 6/4-6) W. H. Ward, The Seal Cylinders Ward Seals of Western Asia Warka field numbers of tablets excavated at Warka Oxford University Joint ExpeWatelin Kish dition to Mesopotamia, Excavations at Kish: IV (1925-1930) by L. C. Watelin Waterman Bus. L. Waterman, Business DocuDoc. ments of the Hammurapi Period (also pub. in AJSL 29 and 31) Die Inschriften E. Weidner, Weidner Tn. Tukulti-Ninurtas I. (= AfO Beiheft 12) H. Winckler, Altorientalische ForWinckler AOF schungen UVB Winckler Sammlung Winckler Sar. H. Winckler, Sammlung von Keilschrifttexten H. Winckler, Die Keilschrifttexte Sargons ... D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Wiseman Alalakh Tablets Wiseman Chron. D. J. Wiseman, Chronicles of the Chaldean Kings ... D. J. Wiseman, The Vassal Wiseman Treaties Treaties of Esarhaddon Carchemish, Report on the ExcaWoolley Carchemish vations at Djerabis on behalf of the British Museum WZJ Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Friedrich - Schiller - Universitit Jena tablets in the Babylonian CollecYBC tion, Yale University Library Ylvisaker S. Ch. Ylvisaker, Zur babyloniGrammatik schen und assyrischen Grammatik (= LSS 5/6) YOR Yale Oriental Series, Researches Zimmern H. Zimmern, Akkadische Fremdw6rter ... , 2nd. ed. Fremdw. Zimmern Istar H. Zimmern, Istar und Saltu ... und Saltu Zimmern H. Zimmern, Zum babylonischen Neujahrsfest Neujahrsfest (BSGW Phil.-hist. Kl. 58/3), Zweiter Beitrag (ibid. 70/5) Other Abbreviations abbr. acc. Achaem. adj. adm. Adn. adv. Akk. Alu apod. app. Aram. Asb. Asn. Ass. astrol. Babyl. bil. Bogh. bus. Camb. chem. col. coll. comm. conj. corr. Cyr. Dar. dat. denom. det. diagn. DN doc. dupl. EA econ. ed. Elam. En. el. Esarh. esp. Etana etym. ext. abbreviated, abbreviation accusative Achaemenid adjective administrative Adad-nirari adverb Akkadian Summa alu apodosis appendix Aramaic Assurbanipal Assur-n~air-apli II Assyrian astrological (texts) Babylonian bilingual (texts) Boghazkeui business Cambyses chemical (texts) column xiv collation, collated commentary (texts) conjunction corresponding Cyrus Darius dative denominative determinative diagnostic (texts) divine name document duplicate El-Amarna economic (texts) edition Elamite Enuma elis Esarhaddon especially Etana myth etymology, etymological extispicy oi.uchicago.edu Other Abbreviations fact. fem. fragm. gen. geogr. gloss. GN gramm. group voc. Heb. hemer. hist. Hitt. Hurr. imp. inc. incl. indecl. inf. inscr. interj. interr. intrans. inv. Izbu lament. LB leg. let. lex. lit. log. Ludlul 1w. MA masc. math. MB med. meteor. MN mng. n. NA NB Nbk. Nbn. Ner. nom. OA OAkk. OB obv. OCc. Old Pers. factitive feminine fragment(ary) genitive, general geographical glossary geographical name grammatical (texts) group vocabulary Hebrew hemerology historical (texts) Hittite Hurrian imperative incantation (texts) including indeclinable infinitive inscription interjection interrogative intransitive inventory Summa izbu lamentation Late Babylonian legal (texts) letter lexical (texts) literally, literary (texts) logogram, logographic Ludlul bel nemeqi loan word Middle Assyrian masculine mathematical (texts) Middle Babylonian medical (texts) meteorology, meteorological (texts) month name meaning note Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Nebuchadnezzar II Nabonidus Neriglissar nominative Old Assyrian Old Akkadian Old Babylonian obverse occurrence, occurs Old Persian opp. orig. p. Palmyr. part. pharm. phon. physiogn. pl. pl. tantum PN prep. pres. Pre-Sar. pret. pron. prot. pub. r. redupl. ref. rel. rit. RN RS s. Sar. SB Sel. Sem. Senn. Shalm. sing. stat. const. Sum. supp. syll. syn. Syr. Tigl. Tn. trans. translat. translit. Ugar. uncert. unkn. unpub. v. var. wr. WSem. x x x XV opposite (of) (to) original(ly) page Palmyrenian participle pharmaceutical (texts) phonetic physiognomatic (omens) plural, plate plurale tantum personal name preposition present Pre- Sargonic preterit pronoun, pronominal protasis published reverse reduplicated, reduplication reference religious (texts) ritual (texts) royal name Ras Shamra substantive Sargon II Standard Babylonian Seleucid Semitic Sennacherib Shalmaneser singular status constructus Sumerian supplement syllabically synonym(ous) Syriac Tiglathpileser Tukulti-Ninurta I transitive translation transliteration Ugaritic uncertain unknown unpublished verb variant written West Semitic number not transliterated illegible sign in Akk. illegible sign in Sum. oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY VOLUME 16 S sib qate s.; helper, assistant; NA, NB; wr. LU.ERIN sUII; cf. sabu. a) in NA: treaty of Esarhaddon with PN, his sons, grandsons, the people of GN Lr. ERIN.MES SUII-su gabbu sihir rabi mala basi all his helpers, young and old, as many as ABL 94:14, also sa LU.ERIN.MES MAN 5u[nU] ABL 246 r. 2; LU rak-su.MES LU.A.SIG 5 .MES him badly in your presence YOS 3 38:14 (let.); bd'irukunu akannaku ana bit PN LU.ERIN LU.ERiN.MES LUGAL sunu gabbu the indentured men (and) the freemen are all royal serfs ABL 242:13; ERIN.MES LUGAL sa GN sa GN sa GN 3 adu GN 4 gabbu idakkia he will levy all royal serfs from GN, GN 2 , (and) GN 3, as far as GN 4 ABL 1292:5, cf. ABL 913:5; LU. ERiN.LUGAL-8i his (substitute as) royal serf Woolley Carchemish 2 p. 136:36 (NA). b) referring to soldiers (NB only): ERIN. LUGAL mala ina dldni sa GN asbu ina u UII-ia k irubu there your "fishermen" entered the house of my helper PN (and took people of Nippur and Babylon or) those two garments out of it) CT 22 56:7 (let.), cf. PN sirku sa Istarsa Uruk LtJ.ERIN SU 11 a PN (and a slave, involved in a jailbreak) YOS 7 97:13; PN, the cattle chief (rab bulu), will soldiers of the royal (standing) army that are stationed in the villages of GN to seize persons in or outside villages BBSt. No. 6 ii 3 (Nbk. I); bring x yearling sheep ina rehisu u rehi sa ... there are Wiseman Treaties 4 (in variant). b) in NB: [PN a] LU.ERIN.MES 'UUI-ia SZ mamma pirki ina panikunu ittisu la idabbub PN is one of my assistants, nobody must treat LU.NA.QAD.ME LT.ERIN.ME SUII-s from his balance due and the balance of the shepherds, his assistants TCL 13 162:6, cf. YOS 7 138:6, [LIJ.NA.QAD.ME LU.ERIN SUT1 -ia YOS 7 123:6; LU.ENGAR.MES LUT.ERIN.MES UI-i ibid. 174:4. ali seri sabat ameli la sakna not to permit (the ana pani sakin mdti supurrassunutu send the royal soldier, (the substitute) for PN (and other men) to the LIU.ERIN.LUGAL sa PN provincial governor YOS 3 171:12 (let.); PN sarruana muhhi LU.ERIN.MESulteziz f umma LU.ERIN.MES ul imangurma dullu sa sarri ul ippus the king has placed PN at the head of his soldiers, saying, "The soldiers do not want 1. worker or soldier levied for royal service to do work for the king" CT 22 160:7 and 8 (let.), cf. LU.ERIN.MES.LUGAL (in difficult context) TCL 12 76:5; idi u siditu sa 2 LU. ERIN.LUGAL sa MU.4.KAM sa ina muhhi GIS. BAN.MES MU.MES the hire and provisions for two royal soldiers during the fourth year that are charged to these "bow" fiefs TuM 2-3 183:11, and cf. pit la sakanu sa DIM-me sa - a) referring to serfs (NA): LU.ERIN.MES. MAN-e-a la uramma I cannot release my royal LU.ERIN.LUGAL a' 2 PN u PN 2 nas ibid. 16, see Cardascia Archives des Murau 117f.; kasap serfs ABL 455 r. 14, cf. ABL 170 r. 14, ABL 784:25, riksu qablu sa PN LU.ERIN.LUGAL sa PN sa MU.X.KAM ... PN ina qdt PN 2 etir PN has been paid by PN2 the silver for the outfitting due to PN (serving as) "royal soldier" for PN2 for the year x Dar. 481:3; silver ana rik(i)si qabli sa LT.ERIN.MES LUGAL Eki for outfitting The reading sab qdte of the Sumerogram is only conjectural. sab garri s.; 1. worker or soldier levied for royal service, 2. tax paid in lieu of outfitting a soldier; NA, NB; wr. syll. and ERIN LUGAL (or MAN); cf. sdbu. and passim in NA; 370-U-nu ERIN.MES 90 DUMU ERIN.MES LUGAL sunu 90 sa kutal 370 of them are workmen, ninety belong to the class of royal serfs, (and) ninety are replacements ABL 99 r. 15, cf. Sa ku-tal ERIN MAN oi.uchicago.edu sabaru A sab-garritu soldiers of the king (stationed) in Babylon 1. to spread (wings), (with kappu) to teach a fledgling to fly - a) to spread (wings): [il-sa-ab-bu-baa[gappisu] he spreads his wings Nbn. 103:15. 2. tax paid in lieu of outfitting a soldier (NB only): LU sa-ab LUGAL ina qdt PN ... AfO 14 pl. 11 and p. 307 r. 17 (MA Etana), cf. PN 2 mahru Strassmaier, Actes du 8 e Congres International No. 13:6; LU.ERIN.LUGAL-8~-nU [s]dma i-sa-ab-bu-ba [agappisu] ibid. 11, also uzzizu they put up the "royal soldier" (tax) two legs like a bird lu qantuppi lu kap-pi MUSEN ZAG U GUB sa-bi-ib and spreads either ibid. 14; the strange "swamp fish" which has (that was required of) them Camb. 13:7, cf. ana LU.ERIN.LUGAL-4 . .. idin TCL 9 125:23, quills(?) or bird's wings right and left 3R 52 No. 3 K.2848: 32, see Virolleaud, Bab. 4 109ff. 25 LU.ERIN.MES LUGAL and ibid. 15 (let.); sutu sa E SAL d IE.GAL 25 (units of the) "royal b) (with kappu) to teach a fledgling to fly: soldier" tax (barley, dates, etc., and goats) due to the estate of the Queen BE 9 50:4, and cf. ibid. 11, LUGAL Sa abu la urabbannima la is-[pu]-pa-an-ni kapp[i] there was no father who would rear me cf. also naphar 14 BAN LU.ERIN. ITI MN u MN 2 TuM 2-3 242 r. 6'; [1] and put me on my wings ADD 649:5 and dupl. 650:5, see Borger, WZKM 55 72 n. 36; sa abu la KU.BABBAR LU.ERIN.LUGAL qime Sa urabbanni la is-bu-ban-ni [...] I, whom no sarri barra one mina of silver as "royal (human) father has reared, has taught to fly soldier" tax, "flour for the king," barra-tax AAA 20 pl. 90 and p. 81:18 (Asb.); like his own (and all other perquisites due the house of mother you have reared him (the king) MA.NA the king ... for the year x) BE 9 83:1, and passim in such receipts, cf. also TuM 2-3 184:2, 188:1, and passim, see Cardascia Archives des Murasi p. 98ff.; kaspu Sa ana LU.ERIN.MES. LUGAL-su ina muhhisu the silver which he owes as his "royal soldier" tax AnOr 9 14:14. To be separated from cradling him in your arms [...] kap-pi §d ta-as-pu-pi-si(for-si) kap-pu wings, (you) who have taught him to fly Craig ABRT 2 21 r. 4 (NA). 2. subbubu to keep something aloft on wings: [x].MES SIG 7 .MES Sa su-ub-bu-bu agappi green [...] which are kept aloft on wings Borger Esarh. 112 r. 7. erin.lugal, e.g., ITT 2 3683:3 (Ur III), BE 6/2 89:18 (OB leg.). The passage KAJ 120:18 sub sabu usage j-3', 3. susbubu (kappi) to teach a fledgling to however, may belong here as an early (MA) ref. for the NA mng. of sab sarri, "royal serf." See also sab-sarrictu. fly: u issur Same mupparsu siru la iba'fma ana Ju-us-bu-ub kappi mdre[Su la iq-n]u-nu qinnam where even the winged bird cannot pass nor build a nest in order to teach his young ones to spread their wings TCL 3 98 Eilers, OLZ 1934 96; Cardascia Archives des Murasu p. 99 and 102. sib-garruitu s.; serfdom (obligation to work plus AfO 12 pl. 11 and p. 144. in the king's service); NA*; cf. sabu. For an etymology, cf. Arabic safa, "to LU.ERIN.MES.LUGAL nisi mati sa Jaddagdis spread wings" Borger, WZKM 55 72 n. 36; for ina salseni ina rabuzeni TA pan ilki TA pan literature, see Borger Esarh. p. 113 note to line 7. ERIN.MES.LUGAL-te ihliqgni the king's serfs sabahu see sabd'u. (and other) Assyrians, who ran away from ilku-duty and serfdom last year and two or sabaru A v.; 1. to be voluble, to prattle (said of lips), to twitter (said of birds), to sababu (sapdpu) v.; 1. to spread (wings), flit, move quickly, 2. to squint, look askance, to signal with the eyes, 3. tisburu (with kappu) to teach a fledgling to fly, 2. subbubu to keep something aloft on wings, to be voluble, 4. subburu to get diarrhea, 3. Jusbubu (kappi) to teach a fledgling to to buckle(?) (said of a wall), 5. susburn to fly; MA, NA, SB; I isbub-isabbub--sabib, cause (a spindle) to oscillate, to swing, to cause to blab out, 6. sutasburu (mng. unsapdpu in NA; cf. tasbubtu. cert.); SB, NA; I isbur-isabbur, 1/2, 1/3, tu-sa-am-bab 5R 45 K.253 ii 32 (gramm.). three years (ago) ABL 252:18. 2 oi.uchicago.edu sabaru A sabaru A II, III, 111/2, IV/3; cf. mussabru, sab buritu, sabru A and B adj., saburtu, sapparrud, subur pani. Istar ina UD.NA.A is-sa-bur if Venus, during the neomenia, shifts from one direction to the other (uncert.) ACh Istar 1:3, also, with zi-i zi = sa-ba-ru Idu I 40; [z]i, [...] = MIN (= sa-ba-rum) sd MUSEN Nabnitu X 48f.; [x].IG, comm. [ina] UD.NA.A i-tab-bal-[ma] it will not be visible during the neomenia ACh Supp. Istar 34: 34. [zag-gaZA] za-zu-u (sign-name), KAK = ga-ba-rum Nabnitu X 45-47; [...] = [MIN] sd GI.BAL ibid. 50; [...] = [dIM i]s-sa-nam-bur ibid. 52; [...] = [sa-b]a-rum (Sum. equivalents broken in all five lines) ibid. 53-57; igi.bal = sa-ba-ru (in group with igi.thm = sapatu) Erimhus II 65; a-a suG = sa-ba-ru sd A.MES Ea I 62b; [bi-ir] [§AXA] = saba-rum EaVII208, see JCS 13 129; du.du.ga.nu = su-ub-bu-rusd a-la-ki Nabnitu X 88; an.ta.sur. ra, sa.HI.HIbi-ir = su-ub-bu-ru sd lib-bi Nabnitu X 89 and 91; si.sur.ra = MIN d ir-ri ibid. 93; for other equations with subburu/suppuru in this section of Nabnitu, see seperu lex. section. an.ta gu.d6.de.a.mes ki.ta KA. bal.bal. a.mes : elis isaggumu saplis i-sab-bu-ru sunu they (the umu-demons) roar above, .... below CT 16 12 i 14f.; a.gu.zi.ga.ta buru 5 zi.ga nu.me. a : ina se-rim lam is-su-ru sa-ba-ri in the morning, before the birds (Sum.) have risen: (Akk.) twitter JRAS 1927 pl. IV ii If. at-mu-i, ti-is-bu-ru = da-ba-bu Malku IV 102f. 1. to be voluble, to prattle (said of lips), to twitter (said of birds), to flit, move quickly - a) to be voluble, to prattle (said of lips): pija sa uktattimu sa-ba-ris a§[tu] my mouth that was closed (and) heavy of speech Lambert BWL 52:24 (Ludlul III). b) to twitter (said of birds): summa surdi u dribu itti ahames istanassi issanunduu is-sa- na-bu-ru if a falcon and a raven caw, whirl around and call each other CT 39 30:34 (SB Alu), see also Idu I, Nabnitu X 48f., JRAS 1927, in lex. section; aki issirakappi x [x x x] ina muhhika a-sab-bur ina batb[attik]a alabbi asahhur like a winged bird (over its young) I (Istar) coo over you (Esarhaddon), I turn and circle around you Langdon Tammuz pl. 2 ii 7 (NA oracles); sa-ba-ru sa MUSEN.ME-ka uznaja li- sa-am-me-ia may my ears hear the twittering of your birds IM 3233 (unpub. SB lit.). c) to flit, move quickly, or the like-1' said of heavenly phenomena: [dAdad ina AN]-[e] DAGAL.MES Sd-qi is-sa-nab-bur Adad produced heat lightning high over the entire sky (foreboding rain) Borger Esarh. 113 § 77:13, see also Nabnitu X 52, in lex. section; summa 1* 2' said of a snake: summa siru is-bur-ma amela ugallit if a snake sways and frightens the man KAR 389 (on p. 350) ii 7 (SB Alu), also ibid. 6, dupl. K.8719:6f. 3' said of water: see Ea I 62b, in lex. section. 4' said of a spindle: see sabaru sa pilakki Nabnitu X 50, in lex. section; also see mng. 5a. 2. to squint, look askance, to signal with the eyes: siqa abd'ma turrusa4-ba(text -zu)na-ti errub ekallisma i-sa-bu-rainati when I walk the street, fingers are pointed (at me), even when I enter the palace, eyes look askance at me Lambert BWL 34:81 (Ludlul I). 3. tisburu to be voluble: [sit]e'a muddta ti-is-bu-ru (var. te-es-bu-ra) tele'i you are clever in stratagems, you know (how) to speak volubly (addressing Kaka) En. el. III 5; sa ... <ana> dabab tussi nullati ti-is-bu-ra saptdsu whose lips were nimble in speaking slander and unseemly words TCL 3 93 (Sar.); I, saptd'a sa it-ta-as-ba-ra hasikkis eme whose lips used to prattle, have become like a mute (the IV/3 form serving as "iterative" to tisburu) Lambert BWL 34:71 (Ludlul I), with comm. [ti-is-bu-ru da-b]a-bu, for restoration, see Malku IV, in lex. section. 4. subburu to get diarrhea, to buckle(?) (said of a wall) - a) to get diarrhea: see Nabnitu X 88, 89, 91 and 93, in lex. section, with the equivalences: du.du.ga.nu "to come and go" (euphemism, see also dugnu), an.ta.sur.ra, sa.sur.ra to have diarrhea, bi and .HI HI. , for which cf. Ea VII 208, in s lex. section, note, however, that the other Sum. equivalents found in the subburusection of Nabnitu refer to constipation, probably through a confusion with suppuru, for which see seperu; RN ... ishitma it-ti ... ] 4-se-be-ir issuk himsa kussisu passri[u umal[li ... ] ezib sukan sarritiuina [ri.[GAL ... ] ul il'ut ni~ik pilu [....] Kastilias jumped oi.uchicago.edu sabaru A sabaru B of an angry snake, etc. The verb sabaru B, "to bend, to slant," has been separated on the basis of the thematic vowel (isabbar as against the isabbur of sabaru A). Sapdru, "to [...], did not swallow his mouthful [...] AfO 18 46:8 (Tn.-Epic); uncert. [summa amelu squint," (pres. isappar) has been separated because it is a transitive verb, but, in spite of irrisu(?) ?]-sab-bar-ru-si STT 89:57. b) to buckle(?) (said of a wall): E.sIG4. hul the writings with p instead of b, most likely it should be regarded a variant or secondary =MIN (= su-ub-bu-ru) sd MIN (= ir-ri, error differentiation of sabaru A. Ultimately, all for i-ga-ri?) Nabnitu X 95. three verbs belong together. 5. susburu to cause (a spindle) to oscillate, Semantically, the use of the same verb to swing, to cause to blab out - a) to cause (sabaru A) to refer to malicious gestures of (a spindle) to oscillate: ii pilakki lu-sd-as-bi- eyes and lips is parallelled by the Heb. ru-ku-nu (vars. lu-sd-as-bir-ku-nu, lu-sa-sa- qaros. bir-ku-nu) ki sinnisti ina pan nakrikunu von Soden, Or. NS 20 158ff. li-pa-s -ku-nu may (the gods) have you oscillate like a spindle, may they make you sabaru B v.; to bend, to slant; SB; I like women in the eyes of your enemies isbur-isabbar-sabir,IV/3. (probably referring to an oath taken by the [da.ri] = [MIN (= sa-ba-rum) id] mes-re-ti to up and [fled] with (from?) his chair and table, got diarrhea, dropped (his) guts, filled [... ], abandoned his royal treasure in the palace vassals holding a spindle) Wiseman Treaties 616; see also mng. lc-4'. b) to swing: [...] sd ahdmes imattahuma t-sd-as-ba-ru [x x] (the actors) who lift each other and swing [each other?] CT 15 44:30 (NA comm. to a rit.). c) to cause to blab out: ukannu ubarru u-sa-as-ba-ru (if he committed a sin by) extorting a confession (from somebody), convicting (him by forcing an oath upon him), bend the limbs Nabnitu X 51; gu.ki.iz.ki.iz = i-ta-as-bu-ru sd LU ibid. 108; gis.e gd.ab.ki.iz = i-si-um sa-bi-ir the tree is bent down (followed by: isum nahil-for nahir?-the tree is blown down, isum suddi the tree is thrown down) Kagal E Part 3:61. u1 dingir.hul.gal.e A.su.gir.bi (var. .bi gir.bi) in.da.ri.a : sa ilu lemnu mesretisu is-buru (var. is-bu-i-ru) a man whose limbs an evil god has bent 5R 50 i 50, var. from LKA 75:26f. a) sabaru: if a boatman caulks a boat for somebody and does not make it (lit. its conmaking him blab out (a secret) Surpu II 60; struction) seaworthy and ina sattima su'ati teret libbisu -sid-as-bi-ra-an-nijdti (Ansar elippum sl is-sa-bar this boat rides with a sent me), he commissioned me to tell you slant within the season (and causes damages, his secret message En. el. III 14, also ibid. 72. the boatman dismantles that boat and re6. sutasburu(mng. uncert.): ul-ta-na-as-bar builds it in a better way at his own expense) kima kiskatte ardte kabadbte I .... heavy CH § 235:17; i-sa-bar (in broken context) and light shields, as if I were an armorer Streck AMT 35,6:5. b) IV/3: i-ta-as-bu-ru sa LU to be bent, Asb. 256 i 24. of (the limbs of) a man Nabnitu X 108, said In order to organize the several distinct lex. section. see usages of sabaru and to delimit them from Meaning inferred from the Sum. equivalent the various homonyms and near homonyms, it has been assumed that the verb sabaru gu.ki.iz, which is attested in ab.sim ki. denotes basically a quick and repeated side- iz = apkissu in Kagal F ii 82, also absin ways movement, attested mainly of the eyes ab.ki.iz.bi DU.A contrasted with absin (ranging from strabism to squinting, to a gilim.ma(= parikdtu)in Landsberger-Jacobsen peculiar wry and sneering expression), of the Georgica 58; compare also z ub ur and zaba r, lips (referring to prattling, etc.), and of a the Sum. name of a cluster of slanted wedges, series of objects as listed, such as the mo- for which see zabaru s. Possibly zabru s., q. v., tion of a spindle, the swaying movement is also to be connected with this verb. oi.uchicago.edu sabat sabatu one's hand on something in a symbolic gesture (p. 17), h) to take or accept objects, materials, etc., for specific purposes (p. 18), i) to take passage CH § 235. into safekeeping (said of documents) (p. 18), j) to hold an object, to manipulate a tool, sabat prep.; reckoned (from), beginning with; apparatus, etc. (p. 19), 4. to take up a poNuzi; cf. sabdtu. sition, to take to (a specific region), to seize a) directional: biru u GIS.SAR sa bini sa- (an exit, a passage, etc.) (p. 19), 5. to bat istu buri adi adini a well and a garden with begin to do something, to be busy with work, tamarisks, reckoned from the well to the .... to undertake work, to be concerned, to think HSS 14 108:5; sa-bat x [... ] §a A bi-tar-si a-du (p. 21), 6. to hold, to connect (said of the [... ] (real estate) from [... ] of the .... -house relation between two objects), to contain to [...] HSS 17 2 SMN 2494:9, cf. [tarb]asu (p. 22), 7. in the phrases ina qat PN sabatu sa-b[at ... ]-bi sa E bi-tar-si ibid. 14. to seize, take, etc., with one's own hands, to b) temporal: ana PN sa-bat arhi MN adi treat kindly, ina libbi sabatu to think, to conarhi MN2 apil PN has received (x wheat) ceive an idea, to take seriously (p. 23), 8. (in (for the period) beginning with MN until MN 2 idiomatic phrases, arranged alphabetically HSS 13 238:12 (translit. only), cf. ana 7 arhani according to direct objects) (p. 24), 9. tisbutu sa-bat istu ITI Sabiti adi ina ITI Impurtanni - a) to grasp one another, to quarrel, to be nadnu HSS 14 172:10, ana 2 arhdni sa-bat connected, joined, and other reciprocal mngs. arhi Hurise adi arhi Impurtanni HSS 13 334:7, (p. 34), b) to hold, seize, grasp (same mngs. as sabatu) (p. 35), 10. subbutu to seize (a cf. sa-bat arhi MN adi arhi MN 2 HSS 16 52:19, person, said of magic, demons, diseases), also ana 3 arhdni s[a-bat] arhi Kinuni ... adi arhi Hurise ipir'unumahir ibid. 81:27, cf. to seize (a person, said of a human action), to summon as a witness, to capture wild ibid. 16. Probably imperative of sabdtu. For a simi- animals, to conquer a city, to levy services, to seize objects, property, etc., to seize an lar development see ezub. exit, to make fast, to tie, to link, in idiosabatu v.; 1. to seize, overcome (a person, matic use (pp. 35-37), 11. susbutu (causative said of demons, diseases, misfortunes and to sabatu, mngs. 1-5) to cause to seize somesleep) (p. 6), 2. to seize, arrest (a person, said one, to install someone in a feudal holding, of a human action) - a) to imprison, detain in office, to have someone hold or touch an object, to provide somebody with income, a person, to put a person in fetters (p. 7), b) to catch, arrest, apprehend a person food, etc., to set up an object, to occupy a (p. 8), c) to seize a person as a pledge, a territory, to settle people, to prepare, to hostage, a slave (p. 9), d) to take hold of a undertake work, to light a fire, in idiomatic person (a symbolic gesture when asking for use (pp. 37-39), 12. sutasbutu to collect, to payment of a debt, requiring a person to assemble from several sides, to hitch (animals appear as a witness, or having him make a in) a team, to cause two people to quarrel, statement) (p. 10), e) to seize a person or to be assigned work, in idiomatic use (pp. animal by force (p. 11), f) other occs. (p. 12), 39-40), 13. nasbutu - a) as passive to sabatu 3. to seize objects, animals, etc. - a) to seize mngs. 1-5 (p. 40), b) to grasp one another, objects (p. 12), b) to capture wild animals to quarrel (p. 41); from OAkk. on; I isbat(p. 13), c) to levy taxes or services (referring isabbat--abit, 1/2, 1/3 (perfect ta-sa-tab-bat II, II/2, III, III/2, ABL 607 r. 4, NA), to staples, persons, boats, animals) (p. 13), d) to take possession of real estate, to hold in III/3, IV, IV/3; wr. syll. and DIB; cf. feudal tenure (p. 14), e) to conquer, take a nasbatu, sabat prep., gabbutitu, sdbit kardni, city (p. 15), f) to take over a province or city sdbit pfti, sdbit qdte, s n b sbitu, sabtu, tnu, for administrative purposes (p. 16), g) to put sibatanutu, sibittu, sibittu in bit sibitti, sibittu Note the discrepancy between the transitive mng. attested in 5R 50 (see lex. section) and the intransitive mng. in the difficult oi.uchicago.edu sabatu la sabatu la in §a bit sibitti, sibittu in Ka sibitti, sibtetu, sibtu B and C, sibtu C in rab sibti, sibutatu, subbutu, susbutu, tisbutu. da-ab KU = sa-ba-tum, kullum, ba-a-Iu-um (= bd'um), kamm, huzum, zu lawim, ahazum MSL 2 p. 151:31ff. (Proto-Ea); di-ib KU = ga-ba-td Ea I 156; di-ib Lu = bd'u, etequ, sa-ba-tu Ea I 236ff.; di-ib LU = bd'u, etequ, zenu, kamalu, kullu, sa-ba-tu, ahazu, bdru, tamahu Idu II 287ff.; di-ib LU = saba-tum Sb I 165; [di-ib] LU = sa-ba-du = (Hitt.) ap-pa-tar to seize, ga-mu-u (= kam) = KI.MIN Sa Voc. H 11'f. (Bogh.); LU = .a-[ba-tu], [...] CT 19 12 K.4143 r. i 14f. (text similar to Idu); dib.ba = sa-ba-tum (in group with nasu and kullu) Erimhus VI 90; dib.ba = sa-na-qu d sa-ba-ti Antagal B 231; [su].dib.ba = k[a-mu-d] sd sa-ba-ti Antagal Ea2; me.sAsa.u= MIN (= [a-b]u-tum) [sal-ba-ti Antagal Fragm. ff i 4'; ha.za = kul-lum sd sa-ba-ti Antagal A 40; note: giu.sub.ba = sa-pa-a-du (error for abasu since it is listed beside zenu, q.v.) = (Hitt.) ap-pa-tar to seize Izi Bogh. A 109; du.i. = sa-bi-it kis-sd-ti, mu-la-it MIN RA 16 167 iii 15f. (group voc.). dib (text IB).ba = ti-is-bu-t[um] (in group with sadaru, kunnd) Antagal VIII 179; sa.hir.hir.ir = ti-is-bu-[tu] Izi N 11; sa.hir.hir= su-ub-bu-[tu] Izi N 9. in.dab = is-ba-at, ikme, usetiq Ai. I iii 72ff.; ld.zu zAh gis.e.dab = ha-laq a-bat Ai. II iv 13'; [an.ki.bi.t]a gu.ne.ra ba.an.dib.bi.es : sam erseti kisadnussunu is-sab-tu-ma they (the demons) have seized heaven and earth by the neck CT 16 43:64f.; lu.bi na.Am.usar ba.an.da.ab. dh.e (var. ba.an.da.ab.te.e) : awiltam sdti ana si'itiki ta-sa-ba-ti do you take this woman as your friend? RA 24 36:5, see van Dijk La Sagesse 91; for other bil. refs., see mngs. la, Id, 2e-1', 8 (abbutu, harranu,qgtu, temu), 10a, 10e, 12b. sa-ha-pu, e-se-'-4, a-ha-zu, ta-ma-hu = sa-ba-td Malku IV 235ff.; ta-ma-hu, ka-ra-mu, tu(var. ta)i-ru = sa-ba-td LTBA 2 1 v 27ff., var. from ibid. 2:235; ka-mu.u = sa-ba-tu Izbu Comm. 5; DIB / sa-ba-tu ds-nis us-su-lu ROM 991:19 (comm. to Izbu XIV); BA = sa-ba-tu STC 2 pl. 52 r. ii 8 (Comm. to En. el. VII 127); su-ta-hu- // u-tas-butd CT 41 43 59596 r. 11 (comm.). 1. to seize, overcome (a person, said of demons, diseases, misfortunes and sleep) a) said of demons: amelu s LIL.LA DIB-su a lili-demon will seize that man CT 38 28:26 (SB Alu); if a man has sexual intercourse on a roof dLUGAL.lR.RA DIB-u the Lord-of-theRoof demon will seize him CT 39 44:6 (SB Alu), also (referring to the disease attributed to this demon) Jumma amelu dLUGAL.lR.RA DIB-8U KAR 186:23; [lal itamma DINGIR DIB- su he must not take an oath (on that day, or else) the demon (lit. god) will seize him KAR 178 r. v 68, and passim in hemer., also u. DINGIR.RA DIB-8U ibid. r. iv 53; summa amelu mukil res limutti DIB-su if the (demon called) He-who-Offers-Misfortune has seized a man AMT 83,2:8; Summa NA qdt etemmi abiSu u ummiSu DIB.DIB-SU if the ghost of his father or mother seizes a man repeatedly KAR 184 r.(!) 23; and see, for similar expressions in med. texts and omens, etemmu, gall, ikribu, mitu, mimma lemnu, namerimakku, utukku, ahhazu, ali, ardat lilt, labdau, lamaStu, mds namtaru, rabisu, u also, with unknown Akk. reading, summa ZI.HA.ZA ... if breathlessness DIB.DIB-SU attacks him constantly Labat TDP 84:35ff.; if the child cries day and night DUMU.SAL dA-nim DIB-SU the Daughter- of-Anu (= Lamastu) has seized it (diagnosis) Labat TDP 228:108; etemmu sa ina me imutu DIB-SU the ghost of one who was drowned has seized him ibid. 78:75, cf. Sa ina kakki diku ina name nadid DIB-SU (the ghost of) one who was killed in battle and lies (unburied) in the open field has seized him AMT 103:4; dNams tar ul is-bat-su asakku ul is-bat-su KI-tim DIB-SU the demon Namtar did not seize him, the asakku-demon did not seize him, the nether world seized him Gilg. XII 59ff., restored from Weidner, AfO 10 363, cf. taz[zim]ti ersetim is-sa-bat-s[u] ibid. 46, and (similar) 28, rdbis dNergal la pdd ul is-bat-su ibid. 60; imin. bi.e.ne ur.bi.a ba.an.dib.bi.e : sibittis sunu istenis is-sab-tu-us jointly, the seven of them (the listed demons) have seized him CT 17 9:15f., cf. lu nam.tar.ra su.bi.in. dib.ba : a namtaru is-ba-tu-sl 5R 50 i 37f. (= SchollmeyerNo. 1); dingir.dingir.ra(var. omits).na.se (var. dingir.ri.e.ne.se) Auk. mu.un.dib.bi.e : Sa ilsu ana (var. ina) se kurummati is-ba-tu-u (obscure) CT 16 12 i 46f.; nis libbija is-ba-[tu] they (my enemies) took KAR 80 r. 6, cf. ibid. KAR 193:17, and passim, see ni libbi; hasisijais-ba-ti diglijausamt RA 26 41 r. 9, also KAR 80 r. 33; away my sexual potency r. 49, also Maqlu I 99; [niS] libbisu sa-bit qibit pija is-ba-ti they (my enemies) took away my faculty of speech KAR 80 r. 31, and dupls. oi.uchicago.edu sabatu lb sabatu 2a b) said of diseases - 1' with a named disease: 4 ri-hi-bu-um li-is-bi4 -ti and may the capable of speech ra'ibu-diseaseseize me (oath) KTS 15:40 (OA); closed, mouth, see mng. 4c) mursum i-sa-ba-as-si disease will seize him YOS 10 54 r. 14 (OB physiogn.), sa ... libu sadi sa-ab-tus anaku kdSa a-sa-bat-ka (on account of PN) whom the "mountain"-li'bu disease has seized, I shall seize you yourself ZA 45 Izbu); note (referring to animals) sepeSu damum is-ba-at-ma uzuzzam ul ile blood has started to ooze from (lit. has seized) his (the fattened bull's) legs, and he cannot stand up 206 iv 21f. (Bogh. rit.), c) said of misfortunes (calamities, distress, etc.): umman sarrim ina harranim sumum i-sa-ab-ba-at thirst will come upon the king's cf. Sa libu DIB-us limessirma should he set free him whom the li'bu disease has seized (then I shall set you, the ghost, free) ibid. 25, cf. also sa-ab-ti-Suma la tumassarisu KUB 37 43 r. iv 17, and see, for similar expressions in med. and magic texts, antasubb, as,, bennu, bu'Sdnu, di'u, hahhu, Ehqu, kurdru, kiru, la'bu, li'bu, lu'tu, mangu, J.SAG.KI and ZI.SAG.KI sub putu, ra'ibu, ra'snu, sagallu, sahhu, samanu, simmu, sudlu, sidanu, , surupp iusur libbi, ummu, also damu mng. la, ersu mng. Id-2'; enema sipir§u i-sap-pa-tu-§u when his trouble(?) seizes him (the patient) ZA 45 208 v 22 (Bogh. rit.); esenseru note sursusu a is-ba-tu may its (the plant's) roots not attack (my) spine Surpu V-VI 136. 2' other occs. (mostly said of parts of the body in descriptions of symptoms): summa amelu qaqqassu is-sa-na-bat-su if a man's head affects him constantly AMT 86,1 ii 3, cf. Kiichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 51, also, wr. DIB.DIB-8 Labat TDP 20:32, and passim, also summa amelu martu DIB-su if his gall bladder hurts him Kiichler Beitr. pl. 17 ii 70; Summa abun nassu is-bat-<su>-ma if his navel hurts him PBS 2/2 104:8 (MB diagn.); summa amelu qaqs qassu kurdru DIB-it if a man's head is affected by carbuncle(s) KAR 202 i 44; summa amelu nakkaptcsu sab-ta-sc-ma if a man's temples are affected CT 23 43:24, cf. Summa SAG.KIsi DIB-su-ma Labat TDP 32:7ff.; summa pas n Su maqtuma suqassu sab-ta-at Labat TDP 74:38, also SA-siDIB-su TDP 152:54', SA-i DIB-su ittenens[il] AMT 43,5:11; qa-bal-i imqussuma libbaSu sa-bit-ma itarrura iSdSJu his stomach sank(?), his insides were affected, his stance unsteady Borger Esarh. 102 II i 2; miittu i-mi-sid-su-ma pa'u ga-bit-ma atmd la le'i he (the king of Elam) had a stroke, his mouth was affected (and he became) in- CT 34 49 iii 21 (chron.), cf. KA sa-bi-it (referring to a deformed, possibly CT 27 25:6 (SB (any more) ARM 2 82:32. army during the campaign YOS 10 31 iii 12 (OB ext.), cf. pusqum i-sa-ba-at ibid. 42 i 30, nitum i-sa-ab-ba-at ibid. 12:3; E.BI INIM E.GAL DIB-su a command from the palace will affect this house (he will become poor and have no luck) CT 38 17:95 (SB Alu), also ibid. 10:27, and see arnu, aSquldlu, butuqtu, dannatu, e'iltu, hattu, hipu mng. 4, husahhu, kllu, kimahhu, kiSp, kurusissu, lemuttu, lumun libbi, lupnu, mesiru, mihru, nis iii, sunqu, saltu, Sehu, Sipu, tesi, uSurtu. d) said of sleep: [u.nu.mu].un si.dur. dir u.sa nu.mu.un.dib.bi.en: ulasallal sittu ul i-sab-ba-ta-an-ni I cannot sleep, sleep does not come to me SBH p. 54:13f., cf. dlstar ina ursisa ul i-sab-batSittu Craig ABRT 2 8 r. iv 1, [la] isallal la i-sab-bat Sittu AMT 96,2:14; mind s ittu a is-ba-tu-[ka] sleep is that which took hold of you? what Gilg. VIII ii 13; [ina] huburisina la i-sa-ba-su [Sittu] CT 15 49 iii 3 (Atrahasis), cf. ibid. iii 8 and 41; note KAS.ME sab-ta-ni-ma Lambert BWL 216:47. 2. to seize, arrest (a person, said of a human action) - a) to imprison, detain a person, to put a person in fetters: issu resi Sa Sarru is-bat-an-ni-ni minu hitaja ina pan sarri ever since the king had me arrested (I have asked), "What are my sins in the eyes of the king?" ABL 390:7, cf. Sarru beli is-sab- ta-an-ni ina bubute amuat the king, my lord, had me arrested, I am dying of hunger ibid. r. 9, also TA bit sa-ab-ta-ku-u-ni ibid. r. 14 (NA); [s'a an]dti ma'diti [s]a-bit-u-ni up(text tab)ta--tar he who has been held prisoner for many years (now) goes free ABL 2:24 (NA); sab-tu Sa i-sab-ba-tu la tapattara oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 2b sabatu 2b do not release the captive whom you have 22:17 (OB let.); arrested -ab)-ba-su-ma itarrdsu if his master finds him, he can apprehend him and take him away CT 22 23:10 (NB let.); ana sulme sa abisu sa sa-bit-u-ni (to inquire) after the health of his father who is being held prisoner KAR 143:8 (cultic comm.), see von Soden, ZA 51 132f., cf. ajaka sa-bit where is he being kept? ibid. 9, also ina muhhi sa sa-bit-u-ni ibid. 34; sa Bdbilaja i-sa-ba-t[u] mar Bdbili ihabbilu (Sum. col. broken) whoever detains a Babylonian, or wrongs a native of Babylon KAR 8 r. i 10; ana sabti sa-bat-su-ma (he who said) concerning a captive, "Hold him captive!" SurpuII 31; PN sa PN2 u PN3 ina bit kili is-sa-bat-u-maiq-qi-du (for) PN, whom PN 2 and PN3 had put in prison but (about whom they) had become worried (three persons assume guaranty) TCL 13 151:3; PN sa ina bit kilu sa-ab-ti ina panini mussir release into our custody PN, who is held in prison PBS 2/1 23:4, also ibid. 7 and 17:6, and BE 9 57:4 and 8; Elamu habtusa ina bit kili sa PN sab-tu the runaway Elamite who is being kept in PN's prison ABL 774 r. 11, cf. also YOS 7 97:5, ABL 1430 r. 8 (all NB); PN Sa ina E.GUR 7 .MES sab-tu4 who is being kept prisoner in the storehouse BIN 1 19:21 (NB let.); 7 sandti agd sibti lemnu sab-ta-ku for these seven years I was held in strict confinement ABL 530 r. 4 (NB), cf. sibtetu biset sab-ta-ni we are being held in grievous imprisonment BIN 1 36:30 (NB let.); PN ina is qdti is-ba-tu-ma they put PN in fetters YOS 7 137:19, cf. sa ina simeri sa-ab-tu ibid. 77:3, also ina siparri sab-tu-' ABL 1380 r. 10, but note: PN ki is- ba-tu is qdti ittadisunti when PN arrested (500 persons) he put them in fetters ABL 839:19 (all NB). b) to catch, arrest, apprehend a person: ammakam assat PN sa-db-ta-ma anakdrim ... riasima ... mudiu pisunu pan kdrim liptiu apprehend PN's wife there and bring her to the kdru, and the witnesses should make their deposition before the (assembled) kdru BIN belsu immarsu i-sa(var. adds Goetze LE § 33 A iii 8, B ii 18; if any officeholder wardam halqam ... sa ekallim u muskinim is-ba-at-ma ... ina bitisuma iktala catches a runaway slave belonging to the palace or to a subject and keeps him in his own house Goetze LE § 50 B 8; as-ba-ds-si-i-ma kima mamman la isd ihtalqanni I caught her, but she ran away from me because I had nobody with me PBS 7 55:19 (OB let.), cf. is-batu-Ju-ma iktaliu CT 4 27d:9 (OB let.); allik assa-ab-ta-sJu ... ina biti kali I went and apprehended him, he is being held in the house PBS 7 25:14 (OB let.); ana mahrija ubbalunissuma ina sa-ba-tim-mau-us-su-ri-im awatim ana maltakim utter they have been bringing him (the dishonest official) to me (every year) and so, after (lit. through) much arresting and releasing, I put him on probation (lit. I turned the matter into a test) TCL 1 54:10 (OB let.); sarrutimsunuti la is-sa-ab-tam- ma (if the tavern keeper) does not arrest the above mentioned criminals (and deliver them to the palace) CH § 109:31; iturma PN ina bitim ittaba[lkatma] ina Jurqim PN is-sa-abtu-su PN broke into the house again, and they apprehended PN with the stolen goods UCP 10 159 No. 91:8, cf. ibid. 177 No. 107:6 (OB Ishchali); Jumma ... ina sinisaittatilma is-sa- ab-tu-su if he has intercourse with her and they catch him CH § 130:63, of. § 155:79, and summa L U istu assitisuLj is-sa-bat KAV 1 ii 41 (Ass. Code § 15); Lt.MES arraqdnisunu ... sa-bat-su-nu-ti-ma u ina muhhi sarri sibilas: sunuti they are thieves, arrest them and bring them before the king HSS 14 20:14, cf. ibid. 21:17; PN is-sa-pa-su u dajdne PN iitalus PN apprehended him (the man who stole two goats), and the judges questioned PN, (the thief) JEN 343:9, and (in similar context) JEN 391:11; PN ina libbi sa abulli as-sa-bat-mi I caught PN within the gates HSS 9 12:10; ma useribannima iphianni he caught me if he does not return (the loaned objects) on in the mill and kept me in under lock and key time i-sa-pa-du-Su-<<nu> ina taluhli inandlu CT 6 8:11 (OB let.), cf. PN is-ba-as-s-nu-ti- they will arrest him and sentence him (to do ma ina d~ri iptssuniiti PN arrested them work) among the taluhlu HSS 14 639:10 (Nuzi); and kept them in fetters in the fortress PBS 7 ana pani imi a-ni-mi ina kiri Sa PN is-sa-db6 69:21 (OA); ina bit ararri is-ba-ta-an-ni- oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 2b sabatu 2c du-ni-mi 1 alpa ... ana PN 2 attadimmi ana 253:6; RN sar Elamti PN ahusu is-bat-su-ma mulle yes, a long time ago they caught me in the garden of PN, and I paid one bull as bdba ina paniu iphi PN, his own brother, seized RN, the king of Elam, and kept him locked up CT 34 47 ii 32 (chron.), cf. PN ... sa-bit-ma GAZ PN was arrested and executed ibid. 50 iv 38; is-sab-tu-' ana PN agasT ... a fine to PN2 JEN 138:14, cf. PN utu kirdti sa PN2 as-sa-pa-as-su-mi u ... ana mulli(!) ana PN3 iddisunuti I have caught PN in PN2's gardens, and they (text: he) have sentenced him (text: them) to pay a fine to PN 3 (PN's gardener) ibid. 5; dajdne PN ana sa-pa-ti istapru the judges gave orders to ina ramanisunu iddukus they seized that Badia and killed him on their own initiative VAB 3 p. 29 § 23:42 (Dar.); ina muhhi PN PN2 arrest PN HSS 5 44:22 (Nuzi); irtapsannima u immeri iktala u is-sa-ab-ta-an-ni-ma he hit me and kept my sheep and arrested me u PN3 Ru'aja sa taSpurani bani sa tas-ba-tasu-nu-ti as to the Ru'aj tribesmen PN, PN2 and PN3 concerning whom you (the authorities of Nippur) have reported, it is well that you AASOR 16 No. 8:33 (Nuzi), cf. is-sa-ab-ta-an- have arrested them ABL 287:7 (NA); summa ni-ma u 40 ina hutar[ti] irtapsanni ibid. 3:59; ... episanute sa barte la ta-sa(var. -sab)-bat-a- [dd]ikdna Sa napulti i-sa-ab-ba-tum-ma ana ni (you swear) that you will apprehend the ahhe sa diki [...] rebels they arrest the murderer and [turn him over] to the brothers of the slain man KBo 1 10 r. 17 (let.), cf. summa ... daikluunu is-sa-ba-tum-me MRS 9 155 RS 17.146:8, and passim in this text, cf. also RN li-is-bat-si-ma ibid. 98 RS 17.79+:39', and passim in this text; slave girls must not veil themselves Aa amta passunta etamruni i-saba-ta-as-si anyone who discovers a veiled slave girl may seize her (and bring her to the palace gate) KAV 1 v 90 (Ass. Code § 40), cf. sa harimtapassuntaetamruni i-<sa>-ba-as-si ibid. 69; if you do not come (to court) Wiseman Treaties 136, cf. ibid. 160 and 246; summa ki da'ani is-sab-tu-ku-nu attunu la tahalliqani (you swear that) you will escape even if they keep you under strict confinement ibid. 177; ikassadunt amuata ina libbi i-sab-ba-tu-ni-i will they conquer (the city), will I die (or) will they capture me in it? ABL 1367 r. 3 (NA request for an oracle). c) to seize a person as a pledge, a hostage, a slave: bel hubullisu assassu ul i-sa-ba-tu his creditors may not seize his wife CH § 151:43, cf. assum bel hubullim sa mutisa la sa-ba-ti-sa ibid. 31, also bel hubullisu PN AD.NI-8u ul ana sa-[ba-ti-ka] al-t[a-pa-ar]i-sa-[bu-tu-ka] I am sending orders to seize you, and they will i-sa-ba-tu CT 4 22a:13 (OB); summa andku la arrest you KAY 169:22 and 24, see Ebeling, AfO Beiheft 1 p. 36 (MA let.); conjuration kas: sdpti ... NIGIN-ma sa-ba-ti (var. DIB) for abbkumi u fPN mare u marati u DAM-ta-ia i-sa-bat if I am not available, then PN (the creditor) may seize (my) children and my wife (and they will pay the creditor in full) seeking out and seizing a sorceress AfO 18 AASOR 16 60:26 (Nuzi), 296 B r. 27 and F 9 (SB), cf. [anadup]puriki ana PN2 ina bitatisu e-ru-ub assassu mdrasu i-sapa-at JEN 541: 22; ummidndtu Sa PN u PN2 la i-sa-ba-ta-su-nu the creditors of PN and sa-bat-i-ki to drive you (witch) away, to seize you AfO 11 367:9; ina gipdrisa Istar ina hare sa Ninlil ina marsiti a Ningizzida sab-ta-nissu bilanissu mitguranissu seize and bring him hither gently from the storeroom of Istar, the hard-magazine of Ninlil, the herd of Ningiz- cf. summa PN la asib PN2 must not seize them KAV 211 r. 7 (MA); ki saparti PN arassuu bit dunnu ... Sa PN2 PN3 i-sa-bat uckl PN 3 holds his (the debtor's) slave PN and PN2 's house as pledge KAJ zida KAR 144 r. 6, and dupls., see ZA 32 174; a 53:17 (MA); PN kilm sartesu sa-bit man who has committed a crime is either killed, flayed or blinded summa sa-bit summa ina bit kilu nadi or arrested or confined in a man who has been fined) is being held for the prison Lambert BWL 146:45; iStu is-ba-tu-ka pledges (Sum. col. destroyed) after they have caught kaspi mahritu sa fPN qallat biti sa PN, maskbnu sab-ta-tu4 apart from the earlier you (you fawn like a dog) PN (the (unpaid) fine ADD 160:12; mdrena anamass kdnitu sab-tu-' our sons have been taken as Lambert BWL 9 ABL 774 r. 19 (NB); elat u'ilti Sa x oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 2d sabatu 2d promissory note concerning x silver for which the house (born) slave girl fPN is being held as pledge by PN2 (the creditor) PSBA 9 288a:7, cf. sa fPN GEME qallassu maSkdnu sa-ab-tu4 Nbn. 602:9, and passim in NB; note bissu U amel'ssu mascknu sab-ta-tu his house and slaves are being held in pledge Cyr. 321:8 and ibid. 303:7; [sa PN] qallasu LT.MUI kumu ana maskdnitu sab-tu for which (amount) his slave, PN, a baker, had been held as a pledge Nbk. 420:4; L-ut-su maskdn is-ba-tu Dar. 319:5; maskdnu kucm kaspi a4 15 GIN saab-bit(!) REg 8 8:1; fPN PN fPN 3 u' m PN 4 maresu [... u mimmasunu Sa dli] u seri mas: kanu is-ba-at-ma he seized as pledges his children fPN, fPN,, fPN3 and m PN 4 and what- ever they owned inside or outside the city cause he has taken the silver, and take gold from him (for the silver) TCL 4 22:23 (OA); PN sa-ba-at-mapasSuram ... saddin take hold of PN and make him hand over the table CCT 4 lb:26; PN annakam as-ba-at-ma mahar PN2 u PN3 umma andkuma here I took hold of PN, saying before PN 2 and PN 3 TCL 14 30:4, also CCT 4 30b:34; sa-db-ta-su-ma kaspam ... sasqilasu la tagammilasu KTS 13a:16, also sa-db-ta-su-ma la inappuS take hold of him, he must have no respite BIN 4 42:15; sa-basi-ma kaspam sasqilsu summa ittikir tammi u take hold of him and make him pay, should he deny (liability), make him take an oath! TCL 20 129 edge 4; kima eriuma u a(na) GN sassuhu aSsidti la as-ba-si since he is destitute and has been taken to Kanis, I did not TCL 12 122:7 (all NB); litisunu as-bat I took hostages from them AKA 72 v 39, and passim in Tigl. I, Adn. II, Asn., Shalm. III and, rarely, in Sar., e. g., Winckler Sar. pl. 15 No. 32:7, see Lie Sar. p. 49 n. 5; their sons of royal descent ana litutte as-bat AKA 70 v 18 (Tigl. I), cf. ki litute as-bat ibid. 299 ii 12 (Asn.), also sa-bit liti take hold of him TCL 19 5:28; note summa la isqulu PN u PN2 i-sa-ba-at if they do not who takes hostages (from everywhere) AKA tadmiqtu-loan Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappa- pay (in time) he (the creditor) will take hold of (or: will seize as debtors in arrears) PN and PN2 (the debtors) BIN 4 186 case 12, also PN ana tadmiqtija sa-db-ta-su-ma take hold of (or: seize) PN for what he owes me as a PN PN 2 214:5, and passim as an epithet of Asn.; note, in dociennes 22:10 (all OA); UM.MI.(A) a different context: ana amiti u urdlti la i-sa-[bu-tu] no one may seize (them, the children of the marriage with an emanci- u-la i-sa-ba-at UM.MI.A PN 2 PN u-la i-sa-ba-at PN's creditor will not ask PN2 (PN's partner) for payment, (and) PN 2's creditor will not ask pated slave girl) as slaves KAJ 7:29 (MA), cf. PN for payment (prisoners) as(var. ds)-bat ana arditi KAH 1 the corresponding 13 ii 2 (= AOB 1 114, Shalm. I). IPN dam.kar PN PN 2 i 3 nu.ha.sa.ab. ze.en ibid. 109:33 and 35, also ibid. 119:47 and 49 (OB Ur); PN sa-ba-at-ma kaspam u nemeletisu ... susqilsuma take hold of PN d) to take hold of a person (a symbolic gesture when asking for payment of a debt, requiring a person to appear as a witness, or having him make a statement) - 1' when asking for payment of a debt: annakamma as-ba-at-ka umma andkuma hurdsam sa lib: bika suqul umma attama kaspum 1 GIN ana akdlija lassu (when) I took hold of you there saying, "Pay the gold that you owe!" you said, "I do not have even one shekel of silver for my sustenance" CCT 2 46b:20, cf. sa-db- UET 5 114:9 and 11, cf. (for Sumerian formulation) and make him pay the silver and the profits (accrued to) it CT 6 19b:27 (OB let.); assum PN sa kaspam elisu is em tammarusu sa-baas-si u s ibi sukunsu as to PN, who owes money, take hold of him wherever you find him and have witnesses against him at hand! CT 29 12 r. 26 (OB let.), cf. sibu ... Sa mahrisu: nu PN PN 2 is-ba-tu-ma umma sma CT 6 34b:6 awile sa-ba-at kaspam u sibta[m] ta-su-ma kaspam sasqilasu take hold of him (OB); and make him pay the silver TCL 20 89:8, also BIN 4 15:9, and passim in similar contexts in OA, susqilma YOS 2 27:14 (OB let.); imurY is-baas-si-ma umma ,sima he found him and took also sa-ba-si-ma weri'am liddinakkum KTS hold of him, and he (the accosted person) 3b:5; ana Sa ... kaspam ilqiu sa-db-ta-suma ... hurdsam issrisu liqia seize him be- then declared as follows PN 10 TCL 1 29:11 (OB let.); is responsible (izzaz) to anybody who oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 2d sabatu 2e claims the partition wall PN2 warad ekallim u-ul i-sa-ab-ba-tu (but) they must not take hold of PN 2, the palace slave Grant Smith Col- seal imprint on this tablet your father's seal or not?" said PN2 , "It is my father's seal" to (recover) the marriage gift Riftin 48:9 (OB); TuM 1 22b: 2, and passim in similar contexts, and cf. (for similar questions) TCL 21 270:2ff., MVAG 35 No. 302:2ff., also OIP 27 18a:4ff.; 3 ahiutim sa-db-ta-ma ana bit abija ... erbama take awilum sz sa-bi-it-ka umma suma this man, who is making a claim against you, says TCL 17 24:16, cf. bel hubulliSu PN u-ul i-sa-ba-tu hold of three outsiders (to serve as witnesses) and enter my father's house! TCL 20 99:8, cf. ahiutim i-sa-bu-ti ana bit PN errubuma Waterman Bus. Doc. 21:10; mare PN ana ba: sitim sa E.A.BA [...] is-ba-tu-ma they took MVAG 33 No. 274:6, 5 ebaruti as-ba-at-maana bit PN ... erubma BIN 4 83:25; PN ana PN2 is-ba-at-ni-a-ti-ma ... sibutini niddin BIN 4 110:2; PN u PN 2 is-bu-ti-ni-a-ti-ma awdtisu lege 274:6 (OB leg.); fPN asat PN 2 ana zubulle is-ba-[tu] they seized fPN, the wife of PN2, hold of PN's sons (after PN's death) with regard to the assets of the estate CT 29 42:3, and cf. (in similar contexts in OB letters, nu nugammerma PN and PN 2 took hold of us (to require us to act as arbiters), and we e.g.) VAS 16 197:6, CT 29 3b:15, PBS 755:16, OECT 3 61:20; PN PN 2 aweld annitum ina awa settled their dispute CCT 1 48:2 (all OA); for tim kicam is-ba-tu-ni-ni ummami these two men, PN (and) PN2 , took hold of me in the other refs., see rabisu. 3' when serving notice or having a person make a statement: PN u PN2 is-bu-ti-ni-ati-ma nikkassi issiuma PN and PN2 took hold of us and demanded (the settling of) the ac- matter, saying as follows ARM 6 31:22, cf. PN ina pan abullim is-ba-ta-an-ni awatam ki'am iqbem ummami ARM 3 36:6; ana pani PN mar sarri PN2 makisu PN 3 tamkara Sa sarrat Ugarit i-is-pa-atmd 3 meat kaspa habbulatami in the presence of the crown prince PN, the tax collector PN2 seized PN3, the merchant of the queen of Ugarit, saying, "You owe 300 sipri Sa kdrim KaniS ina Hurama is-bu-ti-ma umma Sunuma the messengers of the karu of Kanis took hold of (me) in GN, saying KTS 7b:4; ina mim Sa terrabu sa-ba-si-nu-ma (shekels) of silver" tuppam ... counts MRS 9 189 RS 17.314:5; BIN 4 113:2, also MVAG 33 No. 269:3; listammeuma take hold of them S KU.BABBAR.MES-u-nu ana muhhi Ka PN innammiruna i-sa-ba-tu-na PN (if) persons to whom PN owes silver get together on the day you arrive so that they may hear the fine in copper TCL 9 10:22 (Nuzi); PN ina are aware of the notice)" CCT 4 23b:5 and 8 (all OA); u ana jdsi sarruis-sa-ab-ta-an-nima LU.ME the tablet KTS 28:11; annakam awili ni-is= ba-at-ma umma Sunuma puriini la tasakkana and seize PN ibid. 110 RS 17.28:21; is-sa-bat- ramanni lu ni-is-ba-at-ma we took hold of the su-ma u erd [uma]lla he will seize him (the chiefs here, and they said, "Do not put us to guarantor) and he (the guarantor) will pay shame, let us take hold of ourselves (i.e., we qabsi Ninua ina pan PN i-sa-bat should he seize PN within Nineveh in the presence of PN2 ADD 102:8; sakin temi akanna qalla sa PN nappdhi is-sa-bat umma the official in charge seized here the slave of the smith PN, saying ("You have to deliver twelve iron daggers" - his slave is now in prison) YOS 3 (the king became very angry) and the king took me to account, saying MRS 9 221 RS 17.383:14; note with dinu: RN ... RN 2 ana pani ... sar Hatti ana dini is-ba-as-su Abdi- Anati took Niqmepa to court before the Hittite king ibid. 77 RS 17.368:7; (when PN, went to take the oath as ordered by the judges) PN PN 2 is-sa-bat-mi u qannaSu ina qanniSu hismumma ipus u ina dini PN, ilte'ema PN seized PN2 and tied his own belt to his belt, 165:30 (NB let.). 2' when requiring a person to appear as a witness or to serve as an arbiter: PN ana PN is-ba-at-ni-a-ti-ma umma PN-ma ana PN,-ma tuppum annium kunku abi[ka] la kunulk abika umma PN2 -ma kunuk abija PN took hold of us (to require us to appear as witnesses) against PN2 , PN said (then) to PN2 , "Is the PN, won the case JEN 331:15. e) to seize a person or animal by force 1' in gen.: is-sa-ba-atEreSkigalina sdrtisa he seized Ereskigal by her hair EA 357:77 (Nergal 11 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 2f and Ereskigal), sabatu 3a cf. [ina] abusdtijais-bat-an-ni- ma ana mahrisu uqar[riba]nni ZA 43 17:53, also sig.sag.ki.na.kex(KID) mu.ni.in. dib : ina panidt pirtisais-bat-si he seized her isari ssab-ta-an-ni maintaining me safely from my youth VAB 4 214 i 19 (Ner.); etlu sa sibit ni-si sab-tak-ma let me only get hold of that god! is-bat-u-ni ina ndri ittubu sa sibit silibi isbat-u-ni ussizib the man who caught (i.e., rescued) seven people was drowned in the river, (but he) who rescued seven foxes was STT 28 iv 58 (Nergal and Ereskigal), see Gurney, AnSt 10120; dara sag.ga.na si ba.ni.in. saved ABL 555 r. 4 and 6 (NA, quoting proverb), see Lambert BWL 281; as-ba-sicki ma-i I dib : turhaia ia aqqadisu u qarnisu is-sabat he seized the ibex by its head and its horns 5R 50ii46f., cf. seg ... kus.munsub unpub. OAkk. inc., for the complete text see Gelb, MAD 3 242. by her forelock ASKT p. 120:11f.; ila dsaa lu bi.in. dib.ba : atida ... sappartasunuis-sabat ibid. 48f., see Schollmeyer No. 1; ana libbi ina erebisu atta sa-bat-su ina kappisu seize him (the eagle) by his wing when he enters there Bab. 12 pl. 5:5, and passim in Etana, cf. siru is-sa-ba-su AfO 14 302 and pl. 9 ii 25, etc. (MA Etana); alpa ina qarnisu is-bat AMT 61,7 r. 11, cf. immera ina suprisuis-bat ibid. 12; sadd .... speja is-sa-bat the mountain (fell KUB 4 12 and) caught my feet (dream) obv.(!) 14 (Gilg.); sikkata ritema sepa sa-ba-at thrust in the nail and grasp the foot (of the toothache-worm, i.e., the nerve) CT 17 50:20. 2' referring to women: a'ilulc da'ani batilta is-ba-at-ma should a man seize a girl by force (and make her pregnant) KAV 1 viii stopped him as (one stops up a flow of) water 3. to seize (objects, animals, etc.) - a) to seize objects - 1' to recover stolen objects or animals: awilum sa hulqum ina qdtisu saab-tu the man in whose possession the stolen property was seized CH § 9:8, cf. ibid. line 5; alp sa PN halquma ina qdti PN, u PN3 tamkrrim is-ba-tu-u-nu-<ti >-ma cattle belonging to PN were lost, and they found them in the possession of PN2 and the merchant PN3 Sumer 14 54 No. 28:8 (OB Harmal let.), cf. YOS 8 1:16, also (a slave) PN ina qdtisu is-bat Riftin 46:5 (OB); (the stolen donkey) istu qdtija is-sa-ab-tu UCP 9 p. 411:35 (Nuzi); wood belonging to PN has been stolen 1 sikissu ina qdti PN2 ina libbi sa abulli as-sa-bat-mi and I seized one .... (which was) in the hands of 21 (Ass. Code § 54), cf. emiqamma is-sa-ba-as- PN2 within the city limits (lit. within the gate) HSS 9 12:10 (Nuzi); sere u maska sa si ibid. ii 18 (§ 12); summa amelu ina SIL.4 sinnista DIB-ma TE if a man seizes a woman enzi istu bit PN i-sa-bat he confiscated the at a crossroads and has intercourse (with her) meat and the hide of the (stolen) goat in the CT 39 45:29 (SB Alu), cf. Nergal ... is-ba-si- house of PN (the receiver of the stolen propma inassaqsi Nergal took her in his arms erty) JEN 350:17, cf. Sere sa kurkuzann[i] is-sa-ab-du they confiscated the meat of the kissing her EA 357:86 (Nergal and Ereskigal), also summa sisai ana bit ameli irubma SAL. young pig JEN 397:11; PN massar bit iii ina ANSE DIB-ma isuklSi CT 40 34 r. 18, cf. TCL 6 8 qdtesunu is-sa-bat PN, the temple guard, seized (the stolen gold) in their hands ABL r. 11 (SB Alu). 1389:13 (NA); qdt sibitti ina qdtisu k as-ba-ta f) other occs.: ina amdtim sa lamdu istind YOS 6 183:16 (NB), cf. qdt sibittu ina qdtisu i-sa-bu-ti-ni they may take one each of the and see sibittu mng. 4. slave girls who are skilled TuM 1 22a:30 (OA); sab-ta-tu4 YOS 7 196:5, summa awilum si itturamma assassu is-sa-baat if this man returns and takes back his wife (who had entered another household in the meantime) CH § 136:67; Summa ... PN u PN, i-sa-bat-tu-nim PN, if PN and PN, take back (the sold) PN 3 (they will give 2' to seize as security: assatka x kaspam assibtim istija talqima unitka as-ba-at-ma your wife borrowed x silver at interest from me, and I took your furnishings as security MVAG 35/1 No. 292 r. 15 (OA); ina ereb gir ri[su]nu 60 UDU.HI.A sibit qdti PN i-sa-ba-at when they (the partners who borrowed capital when Marduk selected me igtu mishirtija from the sun god and PN) actually set forth ten persons as fine) MRS 9 237 RS 17.251:13; 12 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3a sabatu 3c on their trip, PN will seize as security sixty head of sheep MDP 22 124:8; (as security for the debt) inassaq i-sa-bat ... 58:9 (OB); 22 gamiri ... PN is-ba-at-ma umma suma PN seized 22 bolts, saying MDP ukal he will 24 391:7; bel mimmdi ... umamsu i-sa-bat- select, take over (and) hold (x iku of land) m[a] the owner of the property may recover KAJ 27:12 (MA), also ibid. 14:11, 96:14, 101:21, cf. kM saparte i-sab-bat ukal KAJ 30:13; bissu his animal KAV 6 i 26 (Ass. Code C § 4); maskanu sa-ab-bit his house was taken as a pledge Dar. 417:9, cf. bit PN ... ana maskaJs nltu sab-tu Nbk. 133:7; bit PN ... maskanu idi biti jdnu hubulli kaspi janu sab-tu PN's house is mortgaged (on condition that) there is no rent (to be paid) for the house, nor interest on the debt Nbn. 238:4; bissu ... ina u'iltisu maskanu is-ba-at he took the house in pledge according to the document in his hands BIN 2 134:8 (NB leg.); sa ... peace treaty Laessee Shemshara Tablets p. 80:28; sa ta-as-ba-tu tanassamma tatabb[al] you will keep and take away what you have seized RA 27 142:14 (OB ext.); amelu sii ana itti la i-sab-bat this man should not take (the portent) as an ominous sign CT 38 29 r. 44 (SB Alu); balatam ina qdtisunu is-sa-ab-tu (the gods) reserved (the gift of) life (to mankind) as their prerogative (opposite mitam zeru maskanu sab-ta-tu for which she (the creditor) holds the field as a pledge VAS 4 46:15, and iskunu) Gilg. M. iii 5 (OB); uncert.: fire has consumed the palace here and libbe sarrutim i-sa-ba-at-ma has upset the members of the royal household (it is not appropriate to ask passim in NB. 3' to take over silver, merchandise, etc.: mahar 5 sabim kaspam is-bu-ti umma sunuma they took the silver in the presence of five persons, declaring as follows CCT 4 14a:18, cf. x kaspam sa ummidnia is-bu-tiz-ni the x silver which my creditors took tabda tisunu sa-ba-at-ma salimsunu leqe accept their peace offerings, and receive their offer of a for silver now) BIN 6 23:7 (OA let.); u'a iqtabi libbasu is-sa-bat he cried out, "Woe!" (and) grasped his heart Gossmann Era IV 36; if a man when speaking pasu is-sa-na-bat continually touches his mouth CT 28 182-3-23, CCT 3 17b:6; 56:8 (SB physiogn.), see Kraus Texte No. 55; if since you left the City thirty years ago kasapka 1 GIN ula ni-is-ba-at-ma we have not taken one shekel from your silver TCL 19 1:10; kaspam u sibassu sa-db-ta-ma supra: nimma take the silver and the interest on it water spills and (the puddle) looks like a man lissu sa-bit holding his cheek CT 38 21:14 (SB Alu), also SA-si sa-bit holding his belly ibid. 16 (SB Alu). and send us word CCT 4 15a :11, and passim in OA; b) to capture wild animals: 4 AM.SI.MES note with qdtu: Jumma luqgtam qdti i-sa-baat libbaka u libbi ihaddu when I personally can take the merchandise, you and I will be baltuti as-bat I caught four live elephants happy CCT 3 17a: 31, cf. asiam qdssunu la is-ba-at-ma CCT 2 48:10, cf. ibid. 25, adi qdti weriam li-is-ba-atumma andkuma BIN 4 35:40; ti ina qdti DIB-ta (= assabta) and myself kasap be'ulatika bilamma qd-ti li-is-ba-at bring me the silver which is your capital, and let summa ina zittijama la iriuma u anaku la as-ba-du-su-nu-ti (I swear) that they (the animals) pastured in my lot, and I caught me take (it) MVAG 33 No. 263:12 (all OA). 4' other occs.: 6 ANSE.HI.A salldmi sa PN KAH 2 84:126, and passim in Adn. II; I killed twenty ostriches 20 GA.SIR.MUSEN.MES baltu caught twenty ostriches alive AKA 360 iii 49 (Asn.); note (referring to domestic animals) them JEN 124:17. irdiani annakam PN 2 [is]-ba-si-nu-ma ana [nabri]tim nad'i PN2 has taken here the six "black" donkeys which PN drove here, they have now been placed on a pasture (for recu- c) to levy taxes or services (referring to staples, persons, boats, animals) - 1' taxes: 1 emdram ekallum is-ba-at-ma simsu PN ilqi the palace seized one donkey, PN took its equi- peration) CCT 2 23:16 (OA); ina UDU.HI.A valent value BIN 4 144:5 (OA); with regard sa i-sa-ba-[tu] from among the sheep that he (the hired man) takes over UCP 10 131 No. to the 25 kutnu-garments which you have sent us 13 §a ... ina GN sa-ab-ti ana ekallim oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3d sabatu 3d nilima umma rubatum <ma> sa-bi4 -it subati NA AN NA illakam but which have been seized in GN, we went to the palace and the queen declared, "The one who seized the garments .... will come here(?)" ak-ku ibid. 25:8; this field, which PN claims CCT 4 19c:18 and 20 from me, is not his field at all lu Suks abija istu RN sarrim PN2 abi lu sa-bi-it it is my father's fief - ever since the time of King Sin-iddinam my father, PN2 , has held it (OA); for elippasu ana sibtim la i-sa-ab-ba-tu YOS 8 63:24; PBS 7 122:12 (OB let.), see sibtu B mng. 5. sa-ab-tu eqletim naddnam aqbikunisim I gave you orders to give fields to the shepherds who 2' persons: sa-bat ameli here nari to levy hold no fields workmen, to redig canal(s) Hinke Kudurru iii 25, a[na SIPA].MES sa eqletim la BIN 7 8:8, and passim; eqlam su'ati kima sa-ab-tu-ma sa-bi-it mamman la ikkimsu he mayholdthat field as he does (now), nobody should take it away from him TCL 7 50:14f., cf. the field kima sa-ab-tu-masa-ab-tu cf. ina ali u seri sa-bat ameli la sakana BBSt. No. 6 ii 5, but sa-bat kalle nari the levying done by the kalld-officials of the canal MDP 10 pi. 11 i 23. TCL 7 65:10f., and passim in similar contexts; 3' animals: more mur nisqi sihhiruti ... sa ana kisir urabbg i-sab-ba-tu sattisam annually they levy the foals of the steeds which they raise (there) for his royal army TCL 3 171 (Sar.); lu ina libbi urdti pithalla la sa-ba-ti neither to levy a mount from among Sarrtisu awle sa ana eqlim sa-ba-tim ireddd persons fit to hold fiefs in feudal tenure TCL 7 11:11 and 13ff.; summa insunu mahir i-sa-ab-ba-tu if it pleases them they (2 GURUl.MES taklitim two trustworthy men) may take over (the field) Sumerl4 62 No. 36:21 (Harmal let.); aweld a ina ah PA 5 GN eqletim sa-ab-tu dikema ... lihrI set the horses BBSt. No. 6 i 59, cf. UDU.NITA.U. HI.A-u la sa-ba-ti ibid. No. 24 r. 37; si-bit-ti UDU.NI[TA... ] i-sab-ba-tu Lambert BWL 114:41 (Firstenspiegel); for sibit alpe u seni sabatu, all the men who hold fields along the GN ditch to (re)digging (the GN ditch)! LIH 71:5 (let.); summa eqel bit a[bim] labirtasunadia: tama mamman la sa-bi-it if the field in his father's estate, his inheritance, is fallow (and) nobody holds (it) TCL 7 51:23; alsum eqlim see sibtu C. d) to take possession of real estate, to hold in feudal tenure - 1' in non-private contexts: sanum warkisu eqelsu kirdsu u bissu is-ba-at-ma (if) after his (departure) another (soldier, etc.) took over (in feudal tenure) his field, garden (and) house unit (and performed service there for three years) CH § 30:61; ... sa PN ana sa-ba-ti-sui[kn]uku concerning the field which by means of a sealed document they ordered PN to take over TCL 7 68:30; eqlam ema UKU.US.MES sa-ab-tu(!) any field which the officers hold CT 4 19 a:21 (let.); x A.SA sa-ab-tu-u-ma concerning PN, who has been holding the garden of the palace for three sa PN PN 2 ana r&editisu is-ba-a[t] PN2 took over a field of x iku belonging to PN as (income due to him on account of) his redd-status BIN 2 years BIN 2 71:9, cf. warkassu [aprus] eqlam 98:7; assum 9 ERIN BAN(!) sa itti ERIN.IGI.NI ul sa-bi-it I made inquiries concerning him, (= sdb sukurrim) eqlam sa-ab-tu UCP 9 p. 354 No. 25:5; piqittu sa ERIN.MES issakimma eqlum asSum PN sa istu MU.3.[KAM] GIS.SAR E.GAL he holds no field TCL 7 48:11; sibit PN abini [a]naku u PN 2 sa hattatim sa-ab-ta-nu I and the Sa hattatim-official PN2 are holding (field of x iku) the fief of my father, PN OECT 3 16:9, cf. TCL 7 40:6; assum eqel PN wakil amurrim sa ana PN2 wakil amurrim ana sukussi (A.Sh SUKU) innadnu u inanna PN3 sa-ab-tu-su the Amurru overseer of subsistence as to the field of the overseer of PN, which had been given to the the Amurru PN, as a field for but which PN3 is now holding BIN 7 50:9, cf. 20 GAN Sukussi ... ana sa-ba-tim ibassi sa kaspam nas x-ru-ubba i-sa-ba-at the assignment of persons has taken place, (but) there are still fields to be taken - he who comes with the silver (for the payment of the fee) will take .... (the field) TCL 18 86:6f., cf. silver paid ana qaqqarim sa-ba-ti-im CT 33 29:6; minum a PN ... ana sa-ba-at kirim sdtim kaspam naima how is it that PN brought the silver (to be paid as a fee) for the taking of this garden? PBS 1/2 11:24 (all OB); assum eqgltim sa ah Purattim sa-ab-ta14 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3d sabatu 3e zdz[i]m u ina eqletim Sa ssbim sa-ba-[t]im as to distributing the fields along the Euphrates and taking holdings from the fields will select, take over and indemnify himself (with another field) in its stead KAJ 153:21 (MA); bitati eqldti ina kaspisunu la i-sa-ba-tu4 (the merchants from Ura) must not acquire of the teams ARM 1 6:24, cf. Hana sa nawem ... i-sa-ab-ba-tui-ul i-sa-ba-tu-u will real estate (in Ugarit) MRS 9 104 RS 17.130:19; the garden Sa PN ana LU.NU.GIS.SAR-i-tu is-ba-tu Nbk. 90:3, also TuM 2-3 133:5, 134:4, 135:6, 136:5, etc., also zeru ... Sa PN ana siiti is-ba-tu TuM 2-3 137:4; libbi ala Sattussu the Hana men of the open country take (them) or not? ibid. 28; ultu andku sihreku u PN bit PN 2 sa-ab-tu ever since I was a youngster and PN took over PN2's manor BBSt. No. 3 iv 30 (MB); minumme ZAG.ME S-ka sa PN iskunakku asrasunumalu sa-ab-du all the borderlines that PN has established for you are to be kept exactly as they are MRS 9 188 gisimmare ina eqli li-is-bat mamma supurma suluppi la ihalliqu' let him take over the date palms in the territory, as (he does) every year, send somebody so that the dates will RS 17.292:12; ammini isten qaqqar tas-bat (copy not spoil YOS 3 42:15 (NB let.); -kir)-ma ina Nippur tluib why did you take over one lot of territory and settle in Nippur ? ABL 540:3, cf. eqldti itti Nippur ni-is-bat(text PN is-sa-bat his share which he has taken (and now holds) together with PN VAS 5 -kir) CT 22 191:33; zeru sa dBelti Sa Uruk sa d Sama s a ssarru u Sa LIJ.BAN mala ina libbi Dar. 80:9 and 27, also mannu aki zittisu i-sab- sab-tu-' whatever Samas, the king and the bowmen hold in tenure in the territory of the Lady-of-Uruk YOS 7 156:10; rihit zeri Sa Belti Sa Uruk sa PN la is-ba-tu the balance of the territory of the Lady-of-Uruk, whatever PN has not taken (in feudal tenure) TCL 12 90:5; 1 ME 50.AM qaqqaru sab-tu (officials) holding land in lots of 150 (measures) when they survey it ina libbi zeri a PN ana iteSu imaSSahma i-sab-bat he will measure out, take over (and place) within his boundary (additional) field land from that of PN 39:19, also ibid. 20, cf. teh zitti bat zittasu sa itti Sa PN is-ba-tu Nbn. 787:8; should the field be too small VAS 5 3:42, cf. mala ittiru PN ana itesu umalahma i-sab-bat ibid. 44; zeru ... Sa itti PN ... SAG.KI isakkiluma u PN 3 itti ahameS i-sab-ba-tu Nbn. 760:10; should a claimant to the (sold) garden appear kird Sa PN ... PN2 kird sandi ... ina libbi i-sab-bat PN2 (the each AnOr 9 1:4 and 97 (all NB). 2' in private contexts: if a man gives his garden to a gardener for artificial pollination buyer) will take another (similar) garden (instead of) the garden of PN (the seller) NU.GIS.SAR adi kirdm sa-ab-tu the gardener (gives two-thirds of the yield of the garden to the owner of the garden, and himself takes one-third) as long as he holds the garden PSBA 10 pl. 5 (after p. 146):43, also ibid. 36 (all NB). e) to conquer, take a city - 1' in hist.: adi sarritijaadi sa-ba-at GN until I became king, until the conquest of Nurrugi YOS 9 70 CH § 64:64; kirdm Sdtu is-ba-at he took over this garden TCL 18 88 r. 25, cf. kirdm ... PN is-ba-atana pihat suluppisu izzaz Grant Smith College 265:6; assum tem kire sibtika ... andku lu-us-ba-at TCL 18 87 r. 33 (let.); Sukuns ne kiri PN KI PN2 PN3 ana sukunne is-ba-at i 4, and dupls. in AAA 19 105 i 17 (Samsi-Adad I), note adisa-ba-atNurrugimk i Laessoe Shemshara Tablets p. 45 SH.915:8; MU RN GN sanis is-ba- tu (var. IN.DIB) the year when Zimrilim conquered Aslaka for the second time Studia Mariana 54 No. 3, cf. the year names: MU Qabas PN, took over for processing from PN2 (the dates) to be processed in the garden of PN TCL 1 143:7, cf. (in same context) NAM.GAR. GAR.RA IN.DIB YOS 12 183:7; bitam isam raki Dddfsa is-ba-tu (var. IN.DIB) UCP 10 79 No. 4:22 (Ishchali), var. from Sumer 5 40 No. 13 ismma madam sa-ab-ta-at she holds a larger (Harmal), and MU Mankisumi Ddd~ais-ba-tu house lot than she bought RA 9 22:18 (all OB); UCP 10 82 No. 7:18; PN abarakkuana KUR summa eqlu ina GN lassu ina kuta[llisu in]assaq i-sa-bat ilallim if there is no field available in GN, he (the buyer of the field) tress was conquered Ullus ba URU birtu sab-ta-at (eponym) PN, chief steward, (expedition) against GN - the for15 RLA 2 431 year 739; oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3e sabatu 3f sa(text a)-ba-at GN juba'u EA 244:42; the Syr- ian kings aldni istu libbi Ugarit is-sa-ab-tu took cities from Ugarit MRS 9 48 RS 17.340:6; the persons whom I released went back to their own people u mat Hatti asrisunuma is-sa-bat and the land of Hatti took over their residences KBo 1 1:24 (treaty); u ala sand ina ah Puratti la is (var. i)-sa-bat but he must not take over any other city along the Euphrates KBo 1 1 r. 34; sa-bit puluggi nesite who incorporates far-off regions AKA 33 i 38 (Tigl. I), cf. sa-bit mesrdt ndkire Weidner Tn. 13 No. 6:15; the Muski and five of their kings sa ... GN u is-ba-tu-ni who had held the GN 2 ... is-sa-bat Elamta iStalal makkrsa AKA 35 i 66 (Tigl. I); eli GN tibuta years) aSkunma ... as-sa-bat ala I made an attack against Cutha and took the city OIP 2 51:23 (Senn.), cf. Babilu as-sa-bat u Nidintu-Bel as-sa-bat VAB 3 27 § 20:39 (Dar.); annitimatdte sa andku as-ba-at these are the countries which I hold VAB 3 87 § 3:8 (Dar.); salta ana he attacked Assur but did not take the city Wiseman Chron. 56:17, cf. ummani Assur GN is-sab-tu BHT pl. 1:13, cf. GN sa-bit ibid. pl. 3:15, also Sippar bala saltu sa-bit ibid. pl. 13 iii 14; sa- bi-it kissat nisi he took Elam (and) took away its possessions as booty BBSt. No. 6 i 43 (MB); ki sa sa-bat ali taqtabi habinnis (obscure) Gossmann Era IV 5. countries of Alzi and Purulumzi (for fifty libbi ali ipusma ala ul is-bat GN and conquer (it)? PRT 30:3, cf. [lu nakru ... ala suatu] GN i-sab-ba-tu-u ibid. 7:9, etc. 3' other occs.: dlam GN Sa PN lawu PN is-sa-ba-at ARM 1 4:8, etc., also ibid. 5:33, 69:6', and passim in Mari; GN la ili'unim ana sa-bat they were unable to conquer Tyre EA 149:66 (Abimilki), cf. ana [sa]-ba-ti-es EA 134:9, and passim in letters of Rib-Addi, also of Abdi-Hepa (EA 288:25, etc.); we made the soldiers enter through breaches md ala ni-sab-ba-ta saying, "We will conquer the city" ABL 222 r. 7 (NA); who holds sway over all mankind KAH 1 3:9 (Adn. I), see AOB 1 60, cf. d u.i = sa-bi-it kis-s-ti, mu-la-it MIN RA 16 167 iii 15f. (group voc.). 2' in omen texts: dl patika [n]akrum i-saba-[at] the enemy will conquer a city in your territory YOS 10 26 iii 24, cf. ibid. 13:21, 33 v 23 and 27 (OB ext.); al subat rube nakru ilammima DIM-bat the enemy will lay siege to the town in which the prince resides and will conquer it TCL 6 1:33 (SB ext.), cf. ina pilsi ilammima DIB-bat he will lay siege to it and conquer it by means of a breach ibid. r. 37f., also CT 20 33:82f., ina simmilti DIB will conquer it by means of siege ladders KAR 446 r. 6, ina sihpi DIB-bat will conquer it by battering down (the wall) KAR 153 r.(!) 21; ana sa-bat ali f) to take over a province or city for administrative purposes: GN ana essute as-bat (var. DIB-at) I took over the town of Tusha to reorganize it (rebuilding of walls and palace, etc., follows) AKA 296 ii 3, cf. (the renaming and rebuilding of a palace follow) ibid. 170:21, (rebuilding) 345 ii 131 (all Asn.); GN ana essuti as-bat (resettling, reorganization, etc., follow) Winckler Sar. pl. 33 No. 69:82, and parallel passages, cf. dldni sudtunu ana essuti as-bat ibid. No. 71:108, also nag sudtu ana essuti as-bat ibid. pl. 34 No. 72:116, and passim in Sar. in such contexts; GN ana esaste as-bat (resettling) OIP 2 62 iv 87, and passim; nagu sudtu ana esstias-bat (regulations concerning offerings to the gods of Assyria follow) ibid. 26 i 61, etc., note GN ana dl sarruti u dannat nage sudtu as-bat-ma I organized GN as a royal city and the (main) fortress of that district (renaming, resettling follow) ibid. 28 ii 28, URU GN sudtu ana dl birtuti as-bat (fortification, resettling) ibid. 27 i 81, cf. ibid. 68:12, etc., and passim in Senn.; KUR GN ... ana ramanijaas-bat AKA 377 iii 101 (Asn.), cf. (referring to cities) Layard 89:41 and 94:131 (Shalm. III), note the name of the city AnaAssur-u-tir-as-bat Layard 89:38 (Shalm. III); GN GN2 sa abu bdna iksudu ana essiti as-bat I reorganized Egypt and Ethiopia, which my (the extispicy is made) concerning the con- father had conquered (refs. to garrisons and treaties follow) Streck Asb. 10 i 114; dla sudtu quest of a city CT 20 44 i 60, also BBR No. 79-82 third piece 21; note summa nakcrum hiritami-saba-at RA 35 49 No. 27a:2 (Mari liver models); ana la sa-ba-te u drsu la rasdpi ina muhhi altur I wrote upon it (the lightning bolt of bronze) that no one should again make this GN ikassad i-sab-b[a-tu-4] will they reach 16 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3g sabatu 3g city an administrative center or rebuild its wall AKA 80 vi 17 (Tigl. I); note, in different context: x qaqqaru ... kima atartimmalu as- PN epe sa PN2 is-sa-bat ina muhhi sisi ussarkibsu PN did obeisance to PN2 , he set him on a horse ABL 32 r. 2 (NA); (as to the ba-ta sir misihti ... lu uraddima I took over x terrain in addition and added it to the message you sent me) ma sepeka ni-is-bat ma palhini we want to submit to you (because) OIP 2 105 vi 4, and passim in we are afraid ABL 541:3 (NA), cf. ABL 1148:6 (NA) and 1204:11 (NB); many people in Babylon stretch (of land) Senn. g) to put one's hand on something in a symbolic gesture - 1' on someone's feet (as an expression of submission) - a' in hist.: LUGAL Simasgi illikamma Du RN is-ba-at the king of GN came and touched the feet of RN MDP 14 p. 12 and pl. 2 v 13 (OAkk.); sar GN tib tdhazija danna edurma sepeja is-bat the king of GN was afraid of the attack of my large army and clasped my feet (I spared his life) AKA 81 vi 26, and passim in Tigl. I in similar contexts, also in Shalm. II, Adn. II, Tn. II, Asn., Shalm. III, Samsi-Adad V, Adn. III, Sar. and Asb.; note alani ... sa RN is-ba-tu sgpeja is-bu-tu the cities which RN had seized clasped my feet KAH 2 84:47 (Adn. II), also rabuti ... sepeja DIB-tu (var. is-bu-tu) md haddt du-ku ma haddt ballit ma hadat sa libbakani epus the officials grasped my feet, saying, "Kill (us) if it is your pleasure, spare our lives if it is your pleasure, do whatever you please" AKA 282 i 81 (Asn.), ana epes arduti is-ba-t[u] epeja Lie Sar. 52:3, sa is-bat4 sepe sarritija Streck Asb. 20 ii 103, and passim in Asb., also Winckler AOF 2 20:10, see Borger Esarh. § 99; (will RN come and fight against Assurbanipal) lu Assuraja lu Akkad ... sa epe RN ... sab-tu or against the As- syrians, or against Babylonia (the Chaldeans or Arameans) who are subjects submissive to Assurbanipal? PRT 105:13. b' in OA, OB, NA, NB letters: ana sni Assur sukussi u sep ilika sa-ba-at place her (the slave girl that has reached puberty) in the lap of Asur and (you yourself) touch the feet of your god! CCT 3 20:40 (OA); lusmema dina lu-us-ba-tasepika MDP 18 250:6; hattum sa beltija elija nadiat lullik sp beltija lu-isba-at-ma lublut the fear of my Lady (i.e., Aja) is upon me, would that I might go to prostrate myself before my Lady and (thus) get well (again) CT 6 21b :11 (OB let. of a nadtu); are loyal to (lit. serve) the king Marduk u Sarpanitu ilaniaa sa se-pit-su-nu ta-as-ba-ta your gods, Marduk and Sarpanitu, before whom you have humbled yourself (will let the king have success) ABL 412 r. 6 (NB); minam: ma sepe KUR Assurk i ta-as-bat-a' why did you submit to Assyria? ABL 327:17 (NB let. from Nippur); the kings, our lords, know k PN u mareu sepe a sar Assur abikunu is-ba-tu that PN and his sons did homage to your father, the king of Assyria ABL 878:13 (NB let. from Babylon); but note with ina sepe (only NB): atta i-na sepasa sarrila ta-sab-bat ABL 965:12, cf. ina iepe sa PN sa-bat ibid. 13, also k allika ina sepe sarri bilija as-sa-bat ABL 716:16, cf. ABL 1274:17, 1260 r. 12, and exceptionally in a NA letter: ina sepeja is-sabat ABL 1002 r. 9; also in NA lit. sa is-ba-tu ina sepe Sarrat-Ninuala i-lu-ad ina puhur ili rabite he who worships the Queen of Nineveh will not falter(?) amidst the great gods Craig ABRT 1 6 r. 2, see Streck Asb. 348; for personal names, see Stamm Namengebung 200. 2' on the hem of someone's garment a' in legal context: sikkusu ana kaspika ... as-ba-si-ma I grasped the hem of his garment on account of your money TCL 20 129: 15' (OA); sikki PN PN2 is-ba-at umma PN2 PN2 grasped the hem of PN's garment, and PN2 said as follows ("Give me the silver!") BIN 4 111:2, cf. annakam sikki i-sa-na-bu-ti CCT 3 11:11, also sikkuu a-sa-na-ba-at-ma umma sgtma CCT 2 14:7, sikkum la i-sa-ba-[...] BIN 6 49:10, etc.; tamkdrum ... qd-ra-an(!) subatisa ... ul i-sa-ba-at the creditor will not seize her by the hem of her garment Waterman Bus. Doc. 74:9 (OB); qaransubat PN [is]-ba-at he grasped the hem of PN's garment Sem. 1 18:10 (Mari); iStu umim sa qaran subatija isba-tu Laessoe Shemshira Tablets index p. 102; PN qannija is-sa-ab-ta-an-ni u usetiq PN seized me by the hem of my garment and 17 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3i sabatu 3h furnishings (described in lines Iff.) and enter her husband's house CT 8 50a:9; ipram sa-abb' as a gesture of supplication to a god: ta-a-ma 5 GUR DJUH liksudanni take the sissiktaki as-bat kima sissikti ilija u istarija rations so that five gur of bran may come to me YOS 2 40:31 (let.); GI bure sa-ab-ta-a-ku I grasped the hem of your (the addressed deity's) garment as if it were the hem of the I have the reed mats TCL 18 155:22, also summa sa-ba-tum lu-us-ba-at ibid. garment of my own (protective) god and hashiri 87:28; SA.GAL GUD.HI.A is-ba-tu they have goddess BMS 4:29, see Ebeling Handerhebung taken (barley) as fodder for the cattle Gautier 30, and passim in such prayers; assum sissikti made (me) come along (to the judge) SMN 3109:6 (unpub., Nuzi). dMardukl ... sa-ab-ta-ku-u-ma Dilbat 47:10, because I grasp the hem of Marduk's garment (Marduk loves me) VAB 4 110 iii 26 (Nbk.), etc., cf. ibid. sissiktasu as-bat 262 i 8 (Nbn.), sa dSin ... Gadd, AnSt 8 46 i 12 and 48 ii 23 (Nbn.), cf. Streck Asb. 262 ii 27; kurbi ana RN sa-bit qanniki bless Sargon, who grasps your hem cf. (dates) VAS 7 33:5 (all OB); 1 UDv PN is-sa-bat PN took one sheep KAJ 187:17, cf. 1 (UDU) PN ana nese is-sa[bat] AfO 10 33 No. 50:11, and passim in MA; sizib ana naptanu sa DN i-sab-ba-tu he will draw milk for DN's meal(s) YOS 7 79:10, cf. put sa-ba-tu sa Sizib ibid. 10, also ibid. 6, 15 BA 5 and 27 (NB); sheep which in the months of MN 628 iv 18 (SB). and MN 2 ina muhhi gizzi ina qdt ndqidi sabtu-nu were taken from the shepherds for shearing YOS 7 143:24 (NB); amat sarri si mamma qista ul i-sab-bat-tu this is an order of the king: nobody shall accept a present c' other occs.: sab-ta-ku-ma ki ti-i-ri ina qanniki I hold myself at your side like a courtier (I run after you like a puppy) BMS 18:9, see Ebeling Handerhebung 92, cf. also OECT 6 13 K.3515 r. 4, etc.; note [Summa kalbu] ... BIN 1 73:20 (NB); mandit sa PN ... KUR GN as-ba-ti-ma ana sarri ... sissikti ameli DIB-bat if a dog seizes the hem of a man's garment CT 38 50:50 (SB Alu). sa ultu aspura dijalu s as to the gift from (the sheikh) PN, which I received from GN and sent to the king, he is a dijalu-agent (of ours) ABL 3' when swearing an oath, etc.: awild patramsa Assur is-bu-ti-ma sassuhu the men touched the dagger of Assur and are (there- 520:6 (NB); ta-ap-pa-nu i-sab-bat he will put VAS 5 50:7 (NB), see also gusuru usage e; issur hurri ... DIB-bat you take a (male and a female) partridge(?) OECT 6 pl. 6 K.2999 r. 8, cf. ajar iii DIB-bat libbasu tepetti AMT 5,1:16, and passim in rituals. in boards fore) free (of guilt) MVAG 33 No. 252:31 (OA); [mdmit] epinna sa-ba-tu u nis iii zakdru the curse (incurred by) touching a plow and taking a (false) oath Surpu III 41. 4' other occs.: he kissed my royal feet, swept the ground with his beard manzdz magarrija is-bat and touched the running i) to take into safekeeping (said of documents)- 1' as an official act: tuppa PN is-sa-bat PN (the second witness) took the tablet KAJ 39:16 (loan); PN LU.A.BA sa-bit egirte PN the scribe, depositary of the board of my chariot (thus behaving like a slave) Streck Asb. 34 iv 30; said of a person: he made him mount a horse etamru is-sabtu-nis-sc ussanniqusu they looked at him, contract (one of the witnesses) ADD 230 r. 12, cf. ADD 60 r. 7, cf. also PN LT.A.BA sa-bit danniti ADD 328 r. 13, cf. TCL 9 58:58, also, wr. DIB-bit danniti ADD 257 1. e. 1, and passim in NA; PN LU.A.BA sa-bit tuppi ADD 234 r. 13; PN LUI.A.BA DIB IM ADD 161 r. 7, of. RA 24 114 No. 4:14, and passim in NA; PN DUB. touched him (and) thronged around him (exclaiming, "Bel and Sarpanitu have sent him!") ABL 32 r. 5 (NA). h) to take or accept objects, materials, etc., for specific purposes: iim mutum ihhazusi fisl FGEMI1 nu- <ma>-ti-a i-sa-ab-ba-at-maana bit mutila irrub when a husband marries her, she will take (with her from the paternal estate) the house, the slave girl (and) her SAR sa-bit kunukki PN the scribe, deposi- YOS 1 37:30 (kudurru); tary of the tablet DUB.SAR PN sa-bit kam-gi BBSt. No. 27 edge 2 (kudurru). 18 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 3j sabatu 4a ta-at serret sarrani she (Istar) who holds the halters of (all) kings STC 2 pl. 77:32, cf. serret same ina qdteja sa-ab-[ta-ku] I (Istar) hold the lead-rope of heaven in my own 2' in private contexts: tuppam qdtka li-isba-at adi kaspam usebalanni take the tablet until he sends the silver CCT 3 42b:14, cf. tuppam ld-as-ba-at-ma mala ale'd lalqgma let me take the tablet so that I may obtain hands 36:42 (SB Alu), cf. almad ... sa-bat asdte I learned to hold the reins Streck Asb. 4 i 34, also sab-ta-ku KUS asdti kima assari ibid. 256 i 23; qastu dannatu ... ina qdtija as-bat I took up the large bow OIP 2 44 v 72 (Senn.); the field and take the pertinent sealed document from him PBS 1/2 49:7 (MB); aban la tdri u la ragdmi sa PN PN2 is-bat PN, holds a sealed document made out by PN expressing his consent not to reopen the case as to him, the lord should give him a plow mala sa-ba-tu Sa epinni masi he is well able to BBSt. No. 3 iii 33 (MB); tuppa sa dajane i-sa- bat u sipra eppas he will receive a pertinent document from the judges and do his work KAV 2 vi 14 (Ass. Code § 17); handle a plow give the tablets Ebeling, MAOG 7/1-2 19 (MA); SE ana PN iddan u tuppa Sa PN i-sa-ba-at he will give the barley to PN and take from PN a tablet sa-ba-at u bil YOS 3 110:27 (NB let.); adi kima ikkari ze-ru-sin(var. -si-na) as-ba-at ina qdtija until I (Marduk) took their (mankind's) seed into my hands like a farmer Gossmann Era I 138; sa-bat-ma askuppatu Sa ultu ullanu touch the threshold which has existed since concerning the PN family to PN2 tuppusu sa-ab-ta and take his tablet KAV 102:18, see ancient times Gilg. I i 13. 4. to take up a position, to take to (a specific region), to seize (an exit, a passage, etc.) - a) to take up a position, to take to (a KAJ 83:17 (MA); kaniku (with a receipt) KAR 306:30; summa rubu narkabta irkabma asdti sa-bit-ma if the prince rides a chariot holding the reins (himself) CT 40 whatever I can CCT 4 9a:7, also BIN 4 79:25, CCT 4 25a:32; andku eqlam luddinassum u NA4 .KISIB-8 lu-us-ba-at-ma let me give him take and bring the sealed document Tell Halaf No. 1:8 (NA). specific region): Summa ... j) to hold an object, to manipulate a tool, apparatus, etc.: mdmit zibdnit la ketti sa-ba-tc the curse caused by handling an untrue balance Surpu VIII 67, cf. sa-bit zibd[niti epis is-bat-ma tak ameli GIN-ak if a falcon takes up a position to the right of a man and proceeds alongside the man CT 40 48:2 (SB Alu), cf. (with GCB, "left") ibid. 16; mamma qaqqarsu li-is-bat everyone should take his s]ilipti Lambert BWL 132:107, and sa kini sa-bit zibaniti ibid. 110, also sa-bit sitti epis surdu ZAG ameli place (in the battle line) KBo 1 11 obv.(!) 17', see Giiterbock, ZA 44 116 (Ursu story), cf. sil[ipti] ibid. 112; sa-bit allu who wields the hoe (parallel nd marri, zdbil tupsikku) VAB 4 [ma-z]a-a-su i-sab-bat he (the courtier) takes dNabu tupsar ili sa-bit the position befitting his rank MVAG 41/3 pi. 1 i 18 (MA rit.); kisalli biti i-sab-bat DN the 240 ii 53 (Nbn.); qan tuppi elleti nasi tupsimdt iii Nabfi, the scribe of the gods, who handles the holy stylus (and) carries the official tablet for the god Ensigal takes up a position in the courtyard of the house AfO 14 146:111 (bit mesiri); kima urani tehi dirisu is-bat-ma gods Unger Bel-Harran-beli-ussur 3, cf. sa-bit qdn tuppi dNabd KAR 25 ii 6; sa-bit kippdt kigalli Craig ABRT 2 13 r. 7; in his right hand star(?) [MU]L.UD.DA DIB-it he holds a .... Kocher, MIO 1 68:46', cf. ibid. 28', and rittdiu ... istenis kussd DIB-ta ibid. 66:45' (descriptions of representations of demons); [... ] ina eruba amuhhussu like a cat he kept to his wall and entered within his walls Winckler Sar. pi. 34f. No. 73:132; siddi Habura(var. as)-sa-bat I proceeded along the Habur River AKA 280 i 77, and passim with names of rivers in Asn., also KAH 2 84:105 (Adn. II), note siddi Puratte ana eleni DIB-bat AKA 375 iii 96; Uknii marsu qdtiu i-sa-ap-pa-tu4 holding [.. .] in his hand (description of a precious object) EA 20:82 (list of gifts of Tusratta); ina imittisu namsaru is-ba-tu Winckler Sar. pi. 15 No. 32:2, note also (with ahzu in the same sa-[bit] ZA 43 17:50, also ina qdtsu kilall 2 GIS meis ... sa-bit ibid. 51 (SB lit.); sa-bi2* they took to the Uknu River, difficult (of access) mng.) 19 Lie Sar. 50:334; (I constructed boats oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 4b sabatu 4a of my own in GN) suplu sab-tu-ma the River GN, whose waters since ancient times (always) had kept to a ana SAG Puratti a-as-bat went to the embankment of the Euphrates (and went downstream in these boats as far low level OIP 2 114 viii 23 (Senn.); if, when I as the narrows) AKA 354 iii 29 (Asn.), cf. also Scheil Tn. II 54, and anaku ana mihirtisun ina throw the oil into the water ummatum kibir kasim is-ba-at the main drop clings to the kisd marratias-bat-ma I myself took to the shore of the lagoon to march against them rim of the cup CT 3 2:1 (OB oil omens), also YOS 10 58 r. 7, etc., cf. isid kasim is-ba-at-ma OIP 2 74:79 (Senn.); siddi Labndna lu as-bat AKA 372 iii 84 (Asn.); petan birki a is-ba-tu u la iliam clings to the bottom of the cup simmelat sade riqcti the fleet-of-foot, who took to the scarps of remote mountains Borger Esarh. 58 v 12; ep KUR Nispi a-sa-bat (var. as-bat) I marched along the foot of in this text; note: if the oil (i) comes out towards the east and kibir i.GIs is-ba-at clings to the rim of the (previous drop of) oil CT 5 Mount Nispi AKA 310 ii 48 (Asn.); while my b) to seize an exit, a passage, etc.: nitu ilmsuma is-ba-tu misa u he surrounded him and does not come up 5:27, cf. ibid. 43-44. warriors went downstream on the Euphrates andku ana itisunu nbalu sab-ta-ku-ma I myself kept to the land, (proceeding) alongside them CT 3 2:10, and passim tightly and blocked his exit Borger Esarh. 47 ii 45; nise dtunu sirma is-ba-ta miusasun Streck Asb. 14 ii 26, cf. as-ba-at mss aa (by OIP 2 74:70 (Senn.); mudbara (var. adds lu) as-bat I took to the desert means of an iron grate) I blocked the passage AKA 73 v 46 (Tigl. I), cf. Idiglat etebir huribtu through it (the canal) VAB 4 84 No. 5 ii 6 (Nbk.); [alul sa dursu suklulu abullasu sab- a-sab-ta I crossed the Tigris, took the desert ta-at(var. -tu) a city whose walls are intact, (road and approached GN) AKA 354 iii 28 (Asn.), cf. also huribtu sa sadi ... is-sa-bat sa sade eqla Scheil Tn. II 63; gab'ani ... whose gate (is well) guarded CT 40 42 81-7-27, 104 r. 6, var. from ibid. K.2259+:2' (SB Alu); Sa la miseas-ba-ta[KA.MESi-[su-nu] I blocked marsa lu is-ba-tu they took to mountain their gates (i.e., those of the cities under siege) so that there was no exit possible Lie peaks, to difficult territory AKA 50 iii 17 (Tigl. I), cf. sadd [marsu] i-sa-ab-tu Scheil Tn. II 37, and in similar formulations in Asn., Shalm. III, Tigl. III, Samsi-Adad V, cf. is-ba-ta sadd Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 iv 43 (Asb.), also Streck Asb. 50 v 112, and passim in Asb., ABL 646 r. 3; note sade sa KUR GN uban sade aqgtu Sar. 219, cf. babasu ki is-ba-tu ABL 281 r. 14 (NB), also ul babu Sa belija ki sa-ab-ta BIN 1 43:14 (NB let.); nibiri (wr. ni-pi-ri) lu is-bat he blocked the crossing AKA 357 iii 39 (Asn.); nerebe u masqdja lu is-bat he blocked the passes and the (access to) drinking places is-ba-tu they took to the region of Mount GN, from me a high mountain peak Rost Tigl. III pl. 9:2, cf. is-ba-ti KUR GN sadu marsu Streck Asb. 74 ix 26, etc., is-sa-bat KUR-e 3R 38 No. 2 r. 1', see Tadmor, JNES 17 138, also uban asitu ... AKA 275 i 62 (Asn.); is-bu-ti (var. DIB-ti) dNibiru ... lu sa-bit muhri (KUN.SAG.GI) the KAH 1 13 ii 23 (Shalm. I); sa-ab-tu kali harranati ana sa~ blocked for him all roads were EA 114:37 (let. of Rib-Addi); girri Que is-ba-tu iprusu alaktu they took up a position at the Cilician Gates (lit. road) and thus blocked the passage OIP 2 61 iv 68, also sa-bit meteq[ta] Tn.-Epic iii 37; nakru abul ali "ford star" (Marduk's star) should hold a the enemy will position at the solstitial(?) point En. el. VII 127; with birtu: birti GN u GN 2 eqel namrasi DIB-ma KA.GAL.BI ippehhe lu as-bat I took to the difficult region between tightly closed CT 40 41 79-7-8, 178 r. 2 (SB Alu), Mount GN and Mount GN 2 AKA 53 iii 42, also ibid. 75 v 69 (Tigl. I), but ina birit GN GN a-sa-bat AKA 367 iii 70, also ibid. 371 iii 80f. (both Asn.); kima ntni is-bat supul me rqiiti cf. gisru is-ba-tu (they marched against us like a fish he took to deep and distant water ext.); the battle lines were drawn up where the river bank of the Ulai was manage- Streck Asb. 44 v 20; obstruct the city gate and that gate will be Husur Aa ultu ulld mesa 20 from Elam and) seized the bridge ABL 917:8 (NB); nakru pan abullija DIB-[bat] the enemy will obstruct my city gate CT 31 28:14 (SB oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 4c sabatu 5b able mele ummandtija sab-tu-ma so that any possibility of landing for my (ship-borne) said) when starting out from GN to GN 2 troops was blockaded I started (demolishing) from its battlement (tore it down until I reached the solid OIP 2 75:89 (Senn.); nakru ina pan ummanija eqlam DIB-bat the enemy will seize the terrain in front of my army CT 20 2:10, cf. eqla sa-bit CT 31 19:21, also ibid. 15 K.7928:12 (all SB ext.); nakru ... ARM 2 30 r. 3; ultu gabadibbisuas-bat-am-ma foundations) TCL 3 180 (Sar.); ina muhhi bulti Sa uzn sa as-bu-t gabbu sakin as to the cure of the ears which I had started, it is malak ummanija DIB-ma ummani iddk the enemy will intercept the advance of my army all done (now) ABL 465:9 (NA); ala ina madbari ... as-bat I started a city in the and defeat my army desert (and finished it from foundation to battlements) Unger Bel-Harran-beli-ussur 11; note nebiru is-sab-tu adi muhhi sa nebiru CT 20 13 r. 5 (SB ext.); u-ru-uh RN sab-ta-a-ma Merodach-Baladan block the way of OIP 2 50:20 (Senn.); i-sa- ba-ta dr-hu sa TA naka TA naka ina libbi userraba he is blocking the road (and) bringing into it (his city) whoever moves one uqattu ABL 520:22 (NB). way or the other ABL 1325:3 (NA). b) to be busy with work, to undertake work - 1' in gen.: lillikamma meshi li-is-bat let him come and undertake (or: start) work c) referring to parts of the body: kassaptu as-bat piki as-bat lisanki I took hold of your mouth, witch, I took hold of your tongue for the meshi lis-bat-' ibid. 11 (NB let.); phrase ana sabdt epesi in Assur texts, see on the (assigned) stretch BIN 1 8:22, cf. Maqlu III 94, and similarly in the following lines; as-bat KA-ki ttabbil lisanki VAT 35:1 (inc., courtesy Kocher), sa-bat KA-Su-nu sa-bat EME (text KA)-SU-nu PSBA 37 195:15 (SB inc.); epesu mng. lc-1', note ana DIB-tim LKA 79 r. 23; ilani mdtati kalisunu udanninu pusu u qinnassu i-sa-ba-at (a ghost from a ruin) will paralyze his mouth and rectum (this treaty) Wiseman Treaties 24; la-sa-ba-ta (for lassabbata)AN.GT.GAL namruti ana mdtati Belleten 14 226:41 (OA royal, Erisum); an evil laspur I will indeed send to all the lands the god pasu i-sa-bat akala la ikkal me la isatti has hold of his mouth (so that) he can neither eat nor drink KAR 33:2 (rit.), cf. i-sa-bat pd shining .... RA 18 16 r. 3 (KA.DIB.BI.DA is-ba-ti (var. is-si-bat-tu) iskunu[ni] all the gods of every country have firmly established inc.); napissu ina appisu DIB his breath is caught in his nose YOS 7 102:15 (NB); for sabatu in this mng. in OB math., see MKT 2 22 s.v., MCT p. 161 s.v., Labat TDP 82:24, also ibid. 24:54. 5. to begin to do something, to be busy with work, to undertake work, to be concerned, to think - a) to begin to do something: inanna is-ba-tu-ma wardu 1-s[u 2-Su] ina libbi Add [us]tescni[nni] (but) now some servants have begun to oust me from the affections of my daddy ARM 1 108:18; TMB p. 242 s.v. DIB. 2' with Sipru: terrasunctimaSipirsunu li-is-ba-tu return them (the oxen) so that they can perform (or: start) their work Fish Letters 10:13 (OB let.); istusipirndrim a inanna sa-ab-ta-tiina herem tagdamru after you have finished the redigging work on the river with which you are now occupied LIH 1 4:6 (OB [awa]tam Sa ana sarri sapdram sa-ab-ta-at[ana] serija supram: ma write to me what you are about to write to the king ARM 4 70:48; let.), cf. TCL 1 100:4, Riftin 141:4, VAS 16 152:16; epram sapaka sa-ab-ta start to pile up earth! -symbols ABL 1369 r. 2 (NA oracle); (the message which PN sent was) ina panika li-is-bat-ma "Let him do work for you" (and if this is acceptable to you, send me his wages amounting to five shekels of silver per year) Sipir ndr GN sa-ab-ta-ku I am busy with the KBo 1 11 work on the GN canal ARM 3 1:7, also sipram tdtu as-bat ibid. 79:9; note, without sipru: ndram a-sa-ab-ba-at-ma ibid. 5:47 and 79:4'. obv.(!) 17, see Giiterbock, ZA 44 116 (Ursu story); PN itti PN, u PN, ana pani GN sa-ba-tim ana GN 2 illik PN went with PN, and PN, to Andarik before starting out for Babylon 3' with dullu: dulla Sa bit belija sa-ab[ta-ku]-ma I am busy with the work on my ARM 2 43:27, cf. istu GN adi GN as-ba-at (I 21 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 5c lord's house sabatu 6a PBS 1/2 15:8 (MB let.); inanna and passim in similar contexts, note gu-e dulli ina bit ili mad u magal sa-ab-ta-ku-u-ma eppu now there is much work for me in the [si]-bu-ut held by many filaments YOS 10 temple and I am very busy EA 9:16 (MB royal), also ibid. 4:45, 7:63, cf. dul-lu sa sarri ... la-as-ba-ta ABL 1375 r. 8 (NA). sa-bit held by flesh instead of a filament 24:25, and passim, see mng. 10i-2'; KAR 454:9 (SB ext.); membrane I thought to myself as of the lung is atrophied nekimtasa sa-ab-ta-at and its atrophied part is held fast YOS 10 36 ii 22 (OB ext.), 10 40 r. 22; 6. to hold, to connect, to contain - a) to hold, to connect (said of the relation between two objects) - 1' in ext.: summa martum x sumel ubanim is-ba-at if the gall cf. sukkiltalasa-ab-ta-at YOS [Summa] dappum sa damim KA martim sa-bi-it if a blood clot holds fast the tip of the gall bladder YOS 10 31 xi 26 (OB ext.); if the upper part of the gall bladder twists toward the right and kakkum rabim sa-bi-is-si a large "weapon" mark covers (lit. bladder holds the left [... ] of the "finger" (of the liver) YOS 10 41 r. 77 (OB), cf. qim qutun holds) it YOS 10 46 v 2 (OB ext.), cf. kakkum res martim sa-bi-it YOS 10 15:10, etc. x x is-bat if a filament holds the thin part of the .... YOS 10 25:75 (both OB); summa qi TA 15 marti zI-ma res marti sa 15 is-bat if a filament rises out of the right side of the gall bladder and holds the right side of the top of 2' other occs.: 118 kurs hurdsi ina 2 pings ina guhalsa hurasi sa-bit 118 golden links held on a golden wire by two knobs YOS 6 216:11, cf. ina DUR GADA.HI.A sa-bit ibid. 8, and, wr. sab-ba-tu YOS 6 211:4 (NB); 1 qarnu ... ina qablisu hurdsa sa-be-it one the gall bladder TCL 6 2 r. 28 (catchline), also said of a sikhu (q. v.), and of Julmu, as e.g., rhyton, its middle part is held by a golden (mounting) HSS 14 105:25 (Nuzi); [ina libbilsi-nu 30 MA.NA hurdsa sab-t (in broken TCL 6 3 r. 33; summa ... usurtu parki esretma ... ser sumeli ubdni is-bat if a figure is drawn crosswise (beside the region of the "finger") and contains (within its outlines) the "plain" of the left side of the "finger" context) Thompson Gilg. pl. 33 K.8281:10; 1 nihu sa sab-tu-4 qadu irri one leather bag which is reinforced (lit. held), together with (its) pegs MDP 23 309:4; (let the divine gatekeeper of the nether world keep strong surveillance) li-is-bat sigar namzaqisunu let him hold the bolt of their (the ghosts' ?) locks BRM 4 12:64, and passim in reference to usurtu; if there are two separate gates of the palace birisunu qum sa-bi-it and a filament links YOS 10 23:12, cf. ibid. 26 i 14; if there are two "fingers" muhhasina qiim sa-bi-it and a filament links their tops YOS 10 11 iii 32, also [summa bdb e]kallim u res martim u BMS 53:22, cf. GIS.IG hargullisu li-is-bat AfO 14 146:128 (bit mesiri), also DN babkunu li-is-bat AfO 19 117:28; sadi Nisir elippa isbat-ma ana ndai ul iddin Mount Nisir held qum sa-bi-it YOS 10 25:25, etc., and note in summa GIR 2-ma ressunu GU sa-bit CT 20 7 K.3999:14; summa YOS 10 31 iv 21, cf. SAG-a u isissa sa-bi-it ibid. iii 15 (OB ext.), also 150 marti sa-bit KAR 423 r. ii 17 (SB ext.); if the right side follows ARM 2 78:30, and passim in Mari, see ARMT 15 268, cf. mali sa-ab-[tal-ku JCS 15 6 i 5 (OB lit.). SB: KAR 153 r.(!) 1 (SB ext.); martum qablasu(for -sa) sa-ab-ta-a if the middle part of the gall bladder is held fast Sumer 14 23 No. 5:10 (OB), also ARM 2 29:9; sa- them sitiqsa sisitu sa-ab-ta-at the squeezed part is linked together by a c) to be concerned, to think: inanna piqat PN [an]nitam [s]a-bi-it even if Isme-Dagan has now conceived that (idea) ARM 2 49:12; annitam as-ba-at-ma this is what I decided ab-ta-ku ummdmi UZU GIM GU the ship fast and did not let it move Gilg. XI 141; kima kupru is-bat-tu elippa as the summa [GIS.TUKUL] imit tim muhhasu qim sa-bi-it if a filament holds the top of the right "weapon" YOS 10 46 iii bitumen clings to the boat KAR 69 r. 11 (SB rel.); sirtu sa ina libbi sa-bit-u-ni aptatar 56, and passimin OB ext., cf. summa GIS.TUKUL. BI GU sa-bit CT 30 44 83-1-18,415:7, also summa qutun martiGU sa-bit CT 30 15 K.3841:13, I removed the lint(?) that had become attached to it (the wound) ABL 392 r. 3 (NA); 22 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 6b sabatu 7b firewood ina KUS api sab-tu bundled with leather thongs ZA 36 182:11 (chem.); ina kisirti pili ... pani narisu as-bat I con- hands - 1' in OB: summa atta lubbustasa apalisu ina qd-ti-ka sa-ba-at if you are yourself well provided with clothes, take what is solidated its river front by means of a quay (needed) to satisfy him TCL 18 147:15 (let.), cf. of limestone KAH 1 3 r. 3 (Adn. I); kima ... do not be careless concerning the slave girls sursusu qaqqara la i-sab-ba-tu just as its roots will not take hold again in the soil Surpu and boys V-VI 64, also ibid. 133; siparru ina da'anisu is-sa-bat qaqqaru KAR 71 r. 13. to gather(?) ten gur of barley CT 29 34:20 (let.); b) to contain of capacity: 1' referring to measures Laessoe Shemshara Tablets p. 79:43. 2' in Bogh.: manna[... ina] qa-ti-ni ni-is- i-sa-ba-tu one copper kettle that holds 15 silas of water UET 5 5:27 (OB let.); 3 kiuri eri dannutisa 50-a-a i <na>mandat me libbasu nu sab-tu three large copper vessels whose interiors hold fifty measures of water each bat we seized every [...] KBo 1 3:44. 3' in NA: 12 sise ina su"-sd-nu is-sab-tuu-ni ittalkuni they took twelve horses and went off (they are now camped around 10 dannutu sa sikari sa Nineveh) 1 GUR-a sa-bit ten vats for beer, each holding one gur Sa 10 SE.GUR puhhuri<m> sabaka damqam sa-ab-tam-ma ina qa-ti-ka u iliam take your best men and come here 1 SEN.URUDU sa 15 (siLA) me TCL 3 396 (Sar.); and ina qd-ti-ku-nusa-ab-ta take what (is needed) ABL 186:17, cf. emiqikunu ina su'I-ku-nu sa-ab-ta-ma alik alka take your Evetts Ner. 14:2; isten nak(a)marisa troops and get going ABL 198:16, also 15 LT 1 GUR is-bat-tu, one basket that held one gur Pinches Berens Coll. 111: 3 (NB let.); appi sa ABL 251:9. 5 NINDA.HI.A i-sab-bat RAcc. p. 62:11, cf. 5 sappi hurasisa 1 siLA.TA.AM i-sab-bat ibid. 9; 4' in NB: ummdnu a GN sa tidd ina su I ka sa-bat-ma take with you those scholars of Gurrajaia kupram ki masi i-sa-ab-bd-at how much bitumen does (the surface) need? TCL 18 qa-a-ti-s4 i-sab-bat ana GN illaka Borsippa whom you know (and search for tablets and send them to me) CT 22 1:7; sise 50 ina SuI-ia ki as-ba-tu ina bab marrat 154:32 (OB math.), see TMB 73 No. 148. 2' said of libbu: this (conjuration) he recites three times before Samas and mala libbasu DIB-tu4 iddanabb[ubma]usken reports whatever is in his heart and prostrates himself AMT 72,1 r. 25, cf. uSken mala libbasu attasiz I took fifty horses with me and I took up a station in GN ABL 520 r. 12, cf. Urukaja T LU ki-i as-ba-tu ABL 754:11; ... ina sUI-ia note Sa ina svI-ka ta-as-ba-tu4 dSamas u DIB-tu 4 iddanabbub 4R 55 No. 2:20, KAR 72 r. 2, RA 18 22 i 9, also mala libbasu DIB ana Sin liqbi AMT 90,1:3, cf. AMT 40,2:2, note, in a have conquered with your own hands, Samas and Marduk have assigned to the king ABL l 137 r. 4; dibbi anniti tupSarre bare ina Vsu si-nu ki-i is-ba-tu the scribes (and) diviners dMarduk ... ana qdte arriindanu what you concrete sense: libbasaIM sa-bit (if) the belly (of a pregnant woman) contains wind (she held these matters back ABL 1216 r. 8. will die) Labat TDP 214:19. b) ina qdt PN sabatu to treat kindly (only Mari and Bogh.): awiled uniti ina qa-ti-ka sa-ba-at nawlka ina halsisunu saknat(sic) treat these men kindly (because) your pasture 3' other occs.: ezub Sa bit Ea sa ana res SAG.NIG.GA sa-ab-tu-ma apart from what belongs to the temple of Ea which is included in the capital sum BIN 2 68:25, cf. fields tu ibid. 101:16 (OB). is situated in their region Syria 19 109:24 (OB Mari, translit. only); I, the great king, king of Hatti RN mar RN2 ina su-ia as-sa- 7. in the phrases inaqdt PN sabadt to seize, take, etc., with one's own hands, to treat kindly, ina libbi sabdtu to think, to conceive an idea, to take seriously - a) ina qdt PN sabdtu to seize, take, etc., with one's own bat-ma mirti ana assitiu attadinsu treated Mattiwaza, son of Tusratta, nicely and gave him my daughter to be his wife KBo 1 1:58, cf. RN mar RN, ana uv-ia as-sa-batina kussi sa abiu usiblu I treated Mattiwaza, son of sa ina sunnuqim ana res ma-ak- <ku>-ri sa-ab- 23 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 7c sabatu 8 Tuiratta, nicely (and) installed him on his father's throne ibid. 56; [ina qa]-ti-Ju is-saab-ta-an-ni-maina muhija ihtadu he treated me in a friendly way and rejoiced over me official UET 4 190:24 (NB let.); lu sa-bit a-butu qdbie amat siGa Ja GN let him be an KBo 1 3:22. c) ina libbi sabatu to think, to conceive an idea, to take seriously: [ina l]ibbisu ki'am sa-bi-it ummami he is thinking as follows ARM 2 21:26; u ahija ina libbisu i-sa-ab-b[a]- ta-an-ni lc libbi imrasu mimm a ula l pasra and my brother should always think of me (kindly)-even if he has become angry, let there be nothing but pleasant relations (between us) EA 20:60 (let. of Tusratta); u ina awatim anummeam masiktu ina libbika lu la ta-as-sa-ab-bat and do not have any misgivings about that matter (that the message of the messenger and the wording of the letter do not correspond) own cause ABL 283:6 (NB), also ABL 793:8f., cf. a-bu-ta-a ina [pan] sarri belija li-is-ba-tu4 ABL 137 r. 12, also ABL 283:19, also mala a-sabat a-bu-t[i] ABL 805:6 (NB), cf. ABL 1380 r. 13 and 21 (NB). b) referring togods: ur.sag sul dUtu.ra mu.ut.na ki.ag.zu ubi dib.ba.ta : ana qarrddi etlu dSamas hd'iri nardmeki a-bu-ti sab-ti-ma (addressing Aja) speak for me to your beloved husband, the heroic Samas ASKT p. 123 r. 5 (= OECT 6 pl. 19), cf. ana dDumuzi harmiki a-bu-ti sab-ti PSBA 31 pl. 6:8, cf. LKA 70 i 11, BMS 1 r. 42, etc., also Seru)a hirtu nardmtaka ... a-bu-ti li-is-bat KAR 26:34, and dupls., cf. sa-bi-ta-at ab-bu-ti ana nannar ili nardmisa d[Sin] Streck Asb. 288:7; KBo 1 5 iv 39; ukkus illiliti is-sa-bat ina libbisu he conceived the idea of driving (Enlil out) of the supreme position CT 15 39 ii 9, also ibid. 11 (Epic of Zu); u andku amatu sa PN ina libbija ahu talimeka sa-bit a-bu-ti your (the god's) younger brother, who intercedes (for me) ajitamma ul as-bat and I have never taken KAR 58 r. 32, and passim in prayers; ina mahar to heart one word (said) by PN KBo 1 10:33. Enlil maliki lu sa-bit a-bu-ti-ia atta you shall be my intercessor before Enlil, the adviser 8. (in idiomatic phrases, arranged alphabetically according to direct objects, the list also includes phrases constructed with subbutu, Jusbutu and nasbutu): abbitu to intercede, to further a person's cause - a) referring to human beings: as to the fact that my lord has written me umma a-bu-us-su-u sa-ab-ta-ta saying, "Did you side with him?" intercessor, one who speaks well of Cutha ABL 1394:6 (NB); ana sa-bat a-bu-ti 'a ramanisunukarsifa ina ekalli itaklu they have slandered me in the palace to further their BMS 6:30, see Ebeling Handerhebung 38:35; d Usur-amassa malikat milki sa-bi-ta-at ab-buut-ti ana GN alisa utir I brought DN, the councilor who intervenes (for me) back to Uruk, her city Borger Esarh. 84:43; may Nusku, the august vizier, listen to my prayers and li-is-ba-at a-bu-tu (thereupon) intercede (for me) BE 17 27:19 VAB 4 224 ii 43 (Nbn); ana baldt (MB let.); one who does not accept bribes sa-bi-tu a-bu-ti ense but espouses the cause of napsdtisu ard[k] imesu sa-bat a-bu-ti-si ana the weak for his health, long life, and (her) intercession DN ... Lambert BWL 132:99; mamit a-bu- ut(var. -ti) bel arni sa-ba-tu the "curse" incurred by taking the side of a criminal Surpu III 138; mahar sarri abi banija sab-tak ab-bu-su-nu I interceded for them (the high officials) with the king, my own father Streck Asb. 260 ii 9; there is nobody around to whom I could give a present imahharanniniab-buut-ti i-sab-bat-u-ni who would accept me (as his protege) and intercede for me ABL 2 r. iqes he dedicated (the seal) to DN for him VAS 1 61:6; dNinlil ... a-a is-ba-ta ab-bu-tu-ku-un Wiseman Treaties 418; he places a food offering for his god dNIN.E.GAL ana dNinurta a-bu-su IB-bat (then) DN will intercede for him with DN 2 KAR 177 r. i 40, also Bab. 4 108:20, AMT 6,6:18 (SBhemer.), etc.; dNingal ana Sin a-bu-su ta-sa-bat KAR 178 ii 39, also KAR 147 r. 22 (hemer.); (because PN 19 (NA); a-bu-ta-a ana L.GOU.EN.NA sa-ab-ta and PN2 have escaped we are being held in grievous confinement) dSamas a-bu-ta-ni ina intercede (pl.) for me with the guennakklu- panikunu is-sa-bat 24 (surely) Samas has oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 (already) interceded on our behalf with you (the two hundred of us [are held] for only two men) BIN 1 36:31 (NB let.); see Antagal Fragm. ff i 4', in lex. section. adu to take an oath (of loyalty, NB): ade itti PN ... is-sab-tu umma arddni sa sar mat Assur anini they took the oath of loyalty with PN, declaring, "We are (now) subjects ABL 280 r. 3, cf. of the king of Assyria" taslisanuu rab ki-sir.MEs ana pan PN ... ade i-sab-ba-tu-u ABL 1109 r. 16; PN sa ... ade b) to conceive an idea: awatam iS-[te-et] is-ba-at-ma ul uwassar ummami once he has conceived a (specific) idea he does not relinquish (it), saying as follows ARM 2 29:7, note annitamma sa-bi-it thus he has decided ibid. 9; awatamki'am as-ba-atumma andkuma ARM 2 99:29, ibid. 23:15, and passim in Mari, see ARMT 15 p. 268. c) tu-se-es-bi-tu-us u su ana adeka ihtd aduk I have killed PN, whom you made take an oath, but who broke the oath sworn to you ABL 1380:6, cf. ABL 998 r. 10, also ade nu-sdas-bi-is-su-nu-tu ABL 521 r. 12. ahais to band together (NA only): Zamua ana sihirtisu ahais is-bu-ti nerubu sa GN dra irsipu the entire land of Zamua banded together, they built a wall at the pass of GN (and were up in arms to fight me) AKA 303 ii 24, cf. GN ahdis is-bu-ti ana unu GN 2 al dannitisunu erubu the land of Nirbu banded together and entered the city of GN 2, their to memorize a message (awdtim ina pi sabatu): why is it not convenient to write such things down? please do write it down and send me the tablet, (or else) LV taklum sa a-wa-tim ina pim i-sa-ba-tu wu'erassu ana serija turdassumaawdtim sinatimahrijaliskun give the instruction to a reliable person who is able to keep the words in mind (lit. in mouth) and send him to me, so that he may recite these words before me arkatu (arki PN) rearward position: lu as-bat ARM 1 76:27. to follow, to take a in boats EGIR.MES-su-nu I followed them (the enemies) 3R 8 ii 77 (Shalm. III), cf. I moved out of this camp EGIR-U as-bat and followed him AKA 318 ii 66 (Asn.); imhullu sa-bit ar-ka-ti he (Marduk) released fortress AKA 293 i 113 (Asn.). panussa umtajsir his gods became ahitu to withdraw: angry with him umassirusu [i]s-ba-ti a-haa-ti left him and withdrew to faraway places against her the "evil wind" - it takes up a position in the rear En. el. IV 96, cf. ar-kasu-nu sa-bat-ma x-Dv-su-nu [...] turus: sunutima kussissunuti PSBA 37 195:9 (SB Bauer Asb. p. 79:21; for other refs., see ahitu. conj.); sab hupsi kallapu arkisunu u-sd-asbit-ma I ordered the hupsui-troops and the alaktu to organize the course: al-kdt(var. -kat)- su-nu(var. -un) is-ba-tu(var. adds -ui)-ma who organized their (the stars') courses En. sappers to follow them TCL 3 26 (Sar.). babu to take up service: ultu PN baltu PN2 KA-s ki is-ba-tu ana bel tabatisu ittar during PN's entire life PN2 has been in his service (and PN) has become his friend ABL el. VII 17. amatu - a) to convey a message: read this tablet to PN awdtim ki'am sa-ba-as-si (and) tell him word by word as assum lipit napistim awdtim as-ba-as-su-um-ma I conveyed to him the (message concerning the) matter of the ummdmi follows ARM 1 91:9; 281 r. 14 (NB). taking of the oath objects) - 1' buildings: iru isannu bat-qa Sa asurrd i-sa-ba-at he (the tenant) is to make the roof tight and repair damage to the batqu - ARM 2 77:5, cf. ana belija awatam i-sa-ab-ba-at umma sunuma ibid. r. 6; a) to repair (buildings and other foundation walls Nbn. 500:9, and passim in NB rentals of houses, cf., with batqu omitted: asurre i-sab-bat TuM 2-3 27:10, also bat-qa i-sab-bat uri isanni Evetts Ner. 72:4, and in those days my brother was a minor and PN amelu lemnu i paniu id: dubub andku a-ma-zu mind lu-us-ba-at so why should I repeat now what PN, that evil man, told him? (end of section) KBo 1 10:35 (let.); a-ma-ti sa-bat (in broken context) Thompson Gilg. pi. 31 K.8743:16. passim, note ina RN itteme ki a-di-i bat-qa Sa biti a-sab-ba-t[a] he took an oath by Darius, "I will repair the house" VAS 4 129:19; 3 GiN 25 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 kaspam ina idi biti kim ba-at-qa a ina libbi is-ba-tu ittisu inahhisuni they will deduct for him from the rent of the house three shekels of silver for the repair work he has done on it batitisu itti PN2 di-na is-bat-ma PN sued PN 2 in the royal court in order to establish his status as a native of Hanigalbat (but PN2 won out over PN, and PN again became a, AnOr 8 58:8; siqqurrat suti ... ina kupri u agurri ba-ta-aq-su as-bat-ma ... ussisma slave of PN2 ) Wiseman Alalakh 13:6 (MB); ana pani RN PN di-na itti PN 2 is-sa-bat assum epuS I repaired the damage to that temple tower with kiln-fired bricks laid in bitumen eqldti PN 3 PN sued PN2 in the royal court on behalf of the fields of PN3 (PN's father) and rebuilt it VAB 4 250 i 27 (Nbn.); bat-qu sa bat-[qu sa ... ] i-sab-bat-ta they will repair the foundations and the [...] ABL 1275:9 (NB); igarikiri ippusu bat-qu PN is- (and PN won his case) MRS 6 71 RS 16.356:5; sa di-na i-sa-bat-mi ... ana sarri i-din usse <sab>-bat PN (the tenant) will keep the garden wall he is to build in good repair RA 10 pl. 6 No. 40:19 (NB); PN ina sattimma a-na bat-qu is-sa-bat PN has done the repair work this year ABL 154:19 (NA). 2' other objects: bat-qu sa epinnisu ina libbi i-sab-bat with it (the iron) he (the tenant farmer) will repair the plows YOS 6 150:21, also ibid. 11:16, dupl. AfO 2 108:16; bat-qa LII askaputu sa biti i-sab-bat he (the apprentice leather worker) will repair all the leather work of the house Dar. 457:9; NA 4 kunukku §a ana kisdija ultebila bat-qu-4 li-is-bat-u' let them repair the cylinder seal that he has sent for my necklace BIN 1 22:35 (NB let.). b) to take care of: bat-qa sa gisimmari i-sabat he (the tenant) will take care of the date palms (of the rented garden) VAS 5 10:7 (NB), cf. bat-qa i-sab-bat (in similar context) VAS 5 26:7 (NB); bat-qa sa ikkaratisunusab-ta-' take (pl.) care of their farm hands CT 22 116:15 (NB let.); I have sent five minas of silver by PN and PN2 to my lord bat-qa sa dullika ina libbi bell li-is-bat my lord should take care of his (lit. your) work with them (the five minas) CT 22 2:25 (NB let.); bat-qa sa libnati mala PN ina bit PN 2 i-sab-bat (with regard to) all the bricks of which PN will take care in the house of PN, (he will deliver them at the rate of 370 kiln-fired bricks per one shekel of silver) VAS 6 290:6, cf. adi tuppi tuppi bat-qa sa PN2 i-sab-bat he will take care of (the bricks for) PN2 until further whoever (among the dividing brothers) sues will pay (silver and gold) to the king (and his house and fields will go to his brother) ibid. 54 RS 15.90:16, also ibid. 91 RS 16.189:14; agreement and sues HSS 15 144:17, RA 23 150 No. 33:25, also ibid. 143 No. 5:34, cf. also sa ina birisunu ibbalkatu u di-na sa-bi-it HSS 5 5:17, also JEN 472:15; note however: sa dina (DI.KUD-na) u dabdba ubta'euni 10 GU.UN AN.NA ana PN ihiat u di-na i-sa-bat whoever starts proceedings (contesting this sale) pays ten talents of tin to PN (the buyer of the slave sold) but may take the claimed (slave) AfO 13 pl. 7 and p. 122:24 (MA). Sumer 8 eqlu (uncert. mng.): DIB-bat A. S 19 i 10 (MB hemer.), also ibid. 22 vi 9, cf. A.SA.GA AN.DIB.BA 5R 48 i 10 and dupls. (SB hemer.), see Labat, RA 38 23, also ibid. vi 9 and xii 8 (instructions for the tenth of Nisannu, the ninth of Elulu, and the eighth of Addaru); it is uncertain whether this idiom is to be interpreted as "to take possession of a field," for which see mng. 3d, or as "to travel," for which see eqlu mng. 3b, or as having another meaning. girru to take the road: ana GN ... gir-ri as-bat-ma asqgima adi GN 2 ... attalak I took the road to GN, I went uphill as far as GN 2 OIP 2 114 viii 31 (Senn.); ana sa-bat gir-ri-ia GIS.TUKUL (text: suiu?)-su-nu kima kiskits te(!) iscdu when I started on my march their weapons(?) dissolved as if in an oven KAH 2 84:22 (Adn. II), see MAOG 9/3 14 n. 2 and 3. notice ibid. 10 (NB). dinu to sue in court (MB Alalakh, RS and Nuzi only): ina pani RN PN aslum Hanigal sa ibbalkatu di-na i-sa-bat whoever breaks the barranu to take the road - a) in gen.: har-ra-nuilirtu sa ullu[s] libbi ta-as-ba-ta ana [Eanna] with great joy she (Nan) took the 26 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 allik adi GN I followed RN and went as far direct road (back) to Eanna Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 v 29 (Asb.); summa ... a'ilu saniumma as Thebes Streck Asb. 16 ii 34. harrdnaul-ta-as-bi-si if a stranger makes her (someone's wife) travel with him KAV 1 ii idu see idu B usage b. 108 (Ass. Code § 22); [har]ran la tdri li-sa-as- irnittu sa-bi-ta-at ir-ni-ti-[ku-nu] (said of Istar, corrupt for serretu or the like) KAR bit-ki DN may DN send you on the road of no return Maqlu III 29, cf. [harrana sa la] tidid iu--as-bat-ka Lambert BWL 144:8; DN 253 ii 15. harrdna parikta li-se-es-bi-su may DN make him take an impassable road BBSt. No. 8 iv 31 (MB kudurru); arhisamma har-ra-ankitte u misari sab-tu-ma (Moon and Sun) remained every month on their correct paths Borger kussu to take the throne - a) referring to usurpation of the throne: tibum kasdum sa la awassu kussiam [i]-sa-ba-at a successful uprising, one who has no right to it will take the throne YOS 10 56 ii 16 (OB Izbu), cf. sa la Esarh. 2 i 36, cf. kakkabani same ... har-ra-an KA-8S AS.TE DIB-bat CT 27 47:10 (SB Izbu), sa kitti is-ba-ti umasseru uruh la kitti ibid. 18 Nu-mat-su AS.TE DIB-bat CT 28 50 r. 12 (SB Ep. 14b:7; Su nesiti is-sa-bat har-ra-nu he ext.), and passim in omen texts; rabimina laalisu himself (Nabonidus) took the road to a far- kussiam i-sa-ba-at an important person will become king in a foreign town YOS 10 41 r. off country BHT pl. 7 ii 21 (NB lit.); KASKAL 1I agd sa ahitu sa abia ittija sa-ab-tu (what are they doing to) this brotherly relationship on which you (lit. my father) and I have embarked? CT 22 No. 188:8 (NB let.); tda 62 (OB ext.); for designations of types of usurpers, see la bel kussi one who has no claim to the throne, mar almatti the bastard of a widow, la hassu a fool, nakru a foreigner, ahki a foreigner, ahu nakru a disloyal brother, mar mdti a rustic, tardu one who was driven out of town, mar muskeni a person of low class, ajii or mamma unknown person, sand somebody else; wardum belsu iddkma kussiam i-sa-ba-at a palace official will kill his lord and seize the pitima lu-us-ba-ta (var. lu-us-bat) har-ra-nu open the way, let me go on! Gossmann Era I 96, cf. tida pitema lu-us-bat har-ra-nu ibid. p. 19:11; sa.bi.ta nig.hul. Elam. maki. kex(KID) kaskal a.li.ri en.da.se.se.ga har.ra.an asilal sa. Su.an.na.ta hd. mu. un.dib : istu qereb lemneti Elamti har-ra-an sululu uruh ri6ati [ina ma]gari is-ba-ta ana qereb Suannaki away from the wickedness of Elam he graciously took the road to Babylon amidst jubilation and rejoicing 4R 20 No. throne YOS 10 39:24 (OB ext.); SAL AS.TE DIB- bat a woman will seize the throne CT 27 14:6 (SB Izbu), cf. be-el-tu 4 (var. N[IN]) kussd i-sabat (var. DIB-bat) BRM 4 15:22 (SB ext.), vars. from ibid. 16:20, also YOS 10 35:5; DUMU HAL 1:12f. (MB); uruh sulmi u tasme us-ta-as-bi-tu- kussd DIB-bat a diviner will seize the throne us (var. u-s-as-bi-tu-si) harranu (the gods) made him (Marduk) follow a road of per- CT 27 11 obv.(!) 9 (SB Izbu); ma-ru-u abasu fection and obedience father and seize the throne YOS 10 39 r. 3 (OB ext.), tibu mar sarri kussi abisu DIB-bat CT 27 25:28 (SB Alu); PN mdr la mammana kussd is-bat KAH 1 30:27 (Shalm. II), cf. PN ina kussi [zIl-4-ma kussd is-bat CT 34 46 i 18 (chron.); issu libbiahhes ... ina kimuu kussi iddkma kussiam i-sa-ba-at the son will kill his En. el. IV 34; see also harrdnu mngs. la, If, 2b. b) other occs. - with ana: ana GN as-sa- bat har-ra-nu I took the road to Nineveh OIP 2 41 v 10, and passim in Senn., also Borger Esarh. 110 § 71:6, Streck Asb. 218 No. 15:4. With GN: har-ra-anGN as-bat-ma TCL 3 321 (Sar.), also Borger Esarh. 88:18, cf. harrdn GN u-saas-bit TCL 3 313 (Sar.), also 5R 35:15 (Cyr.), etc. With ser PN: si-ir RN ... la kane as-sa-bat ASsur tu-sa-as-bat-a-ni (you swear that you will not) place one of his brothers on the Assyrian throne in his stead Wiseman Treaties h ar-ra-nu I marched against the unsubmis- 70; note, as an unfavorable prediction: mr sarri kussi abiSu DIB-bat the king's son will sive king RN OIP 2 37 iv 14 (Senn.), and ibid. 72:42. With arki: EGIR RN har-ra-nu as-bat usurp his father's throne CT 27 22 r. 16, of. CT 28 3:5, Boissier DA 219 r. 12, CT 28 45:13. 27 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 b) referring to succession to the throne: RN gis.gu.za in.dib (year name) UCP on horseback I took the lead (in front) of my MU army TCL 3 331 (Sar.), cf. ibid. 25, 10 p. 214 No. 6:38, and passim in these texts, cf. for further refs. Edzard Zwischenzeit p. 119 n. 609; gapsi mah-rit ummdnija as-bat-ma OIP 2 50:19 kima rimi (Senn.), dNusku ... mi-ih-rit ummanija isbat-ma Streck Asb. 78 ix 89. apilsu kussd ul DIB-bat tardu kussudu ana alisu iturra his heir will not ascend the throne, the exiled (son) who was driven away will nikkassu to settle accounts (MA, exceptionally OB, NB): usaddan NiG.SID.MES- u return to his city CT 27 12:12 (SB Izbu), restored from Izbu Comm. 292ff.; sarru BA(!).UGx(BE)-ma mdru kussd NU DIB TCL 6 10:14 (SB omens); i-sa-bat u tuppuSu ihappi he will have him deliver (what he owes), settle his accounts and break his tablet KAJ 107:14, cf. also ibid. 319:11, also JCS 7 125 No. 7:11, No. 8:10 (MA Tell Billa); is[t]u NiG.SID.ME s a istu . .. adi ... sa-ab-tu-ni after the accounts from (date) up to (date) had been settled KAJ 80:5, cf. ibid. 120:6; x sheep belonging to PN sa ina sa-bat NIG.SID.MES ina muhhi PN ... marsi kussa DIB-bat ana abisu uwattar his son will ascend the throne and become more important than his father CT 27 42 obv.(!) 18 (SB Izbu); sar Amurri zI-ma sar Agade kussa DIB- bat the king of Amurru will be removed, the king of Agade will ascend the throne Boissier Choix 148 r. 1 (SB ext.); ajummaina libbimdreAu issaknuni sa-bi-tu kussisu the one among his (the king of Urartu's) sons who is to succeed him TCL which had been placed to (the account of) PN2 at the accounting KAJ 255:4; NIG.SID.MES is[t]u maddattesu is-saPN ... 3 339+KAR 2 141 (Sar.); mar sarri beli kussi sar= bat KAJ 307:7; NIG.SID.ME SaY; PN is-bu-tu-ni rutu sa bit abiSu li-is-bat my lord, the crown KAJ 311:12; exceptionally in OB: inuma ana prince, should succeed to the royal throne of bitatisunu awle sunuti idd NiG.SID-sU-nu his family ABL 916:10 (NA); AsKur-bdni-apli sa-ab-tu-4-ma ina GN wagbu since they have mar sarri rabi ... GIS.GU.ZA Sa KUR Assur sent these men (natives of Kakmu and Arrapha) to their (assigned) houses and their accounts have been established, but they (themselves) are (still) in Babylon (remove them tu-sd-as-bat-ta you will help the crown prince Assurbanipal to ascend the throne of Assyria Wiseman Treaties 85, cf. ibid. 248; note as an example of double-entendre: arki abija RN from the lists) OLZ 1915 171:12 (OB let.); in itti ahames 4-sa-ba-su NB: nikkassu ... ahuja ana kussi sarru~tii-sa-bat after the death of my father, my brother Muwatalli took the Evetts Ev.-M. 13:6. royal throne KBo 1 8:11, and see Weidner, BoSt 9 p. 126 n. 2. niqe to sacrifice: niqe ana ildnija DIB-bat I sacrificed sheep to my gods WO 2 412:4 malku to come to a decision (OA): tertaka (Shalm. III), and, wr. as-bat passim in Shalm. III, also AKA 373:89, also ta-sa-bat ZA 36 198:35 (chem.); the refs. cited as az-be sub zebu lillikamma u andku ma-al-ki Id-as-ba-at if your report arrives, I will come to a decision CCT 2 44b:13. malf to look well (NB): marus adi zimesu v. are all to be read as-bat; delete the article ma-la-a i-sab-ba-tu anasarri belija asapparas= zebd. su he is sick, when his face fills out (again) I nukurtu to become hostile: mannumme shall send him to the king, my lord ABL itti Samsi nukurtu is-sa-ab-bat ana RN lu 282:15. nakarsu sct anyone who becomes hostile to mamitu to take an oath (Bogh. and Ala- the Sun is to be (considered) an enemy of lakh): as-sa-bat ma-mi-ta andku la umassar Sunassura KBo 1 5 iii 7, also ibid. 11, cf. I took the oath and will not grow lax (about summa matu sani ... nukurtu is-sa-ab-bat it) KBo 1 24 r. 11 (treaty), cf. (reading uncert.) ibid. ii 22 and 25, summa dlu ajumma ... PAD anndm a-as-bat-su Smith Idrimi 58. nukurtu is-sa-ab-bat ibid. ii 26 and 35. mi1irtu (mahirtu)to take the lead (SB): ina tarkubti szse mih-rit ummdnija as-bat-ma panu - a) to lead, conduct, to take command of, to march in front of (persons, 28 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 troops, animals, boats, etc.): mahrika sa-ab-tam-ma ... pa-ni sdbi Sa ni-sa-ab-bat u mar siprija arhis ana muhhika a-sa-ap-par as soon as we meet them, I will send you a messenger EA 170:31, cf. bilni kime telehhemi u pa-ni-su-nu sa-bat // zu-zi-lama-an 0 lord, meet them (the messengers?) as soon as you can (they will not keep you uddidamma sinqam conduct to me the work team at your disposal, and arrive here punctually (on the first of Tasritu) PBS 7 121:4, cf. pa-ni ERIN.GI.IL su'ati 1 DUMU.GA.DUB.BA-ka li-is-ba-tam let one of your secretaries conduct that gang of porters to me LIH 27:9, also tamkdri there long) ibid. 11 (let. from Palestine); obscure: pa-ni madrti P[N ... ] is-ba-at-ma(text -UD) PBS 7 125:26 (OB let.). a illikunim pa-ni-su-nu sa-ab-ta-am-ma aldkam lipusunim YOS 2 10:9; [pa]-ni senim sa te-ri- c) to block an approach: the battle array was set up in GN on the embankment of the Tigris pa-an masqija sab-tu-ma blocking ad-al sa-ab-ta-nim ... ana GN alkanim take the herd you are pasturing and come to Babylon LIH 54:10, cf. the parallel letters 50, 51 and 52; pa-ni 111 senim sa qdtika sa-ba-at anamahar PN alikma TCL 14:17; pa-ni MA.NI. DUB-u-nu gamrim li-is-ba-tu-nim ... lisni= qunim let them take their entire flotilla and my access to drinking water OIP 2 44 v 61 (Senn.), cf. gimir quradilun ... pa-an girrija sab-tu-ma all his warriors were blocking the advance of my army Borger Esarh. 44 i 71. come here LIH 40:12 (all OB letters); pa-an sdbim kalisu a-sa-ab-ba-tam-ma ... ana res eqlija ... akassadam I shall take command piiatu to assume administrative responsibility: [pi]-ha-atalimk i sdtu andku a-sa-abba-at I shall myself assume administrative of the entire corps and start my campaign (there within this month) ARM 1 5:39, also responsibility for this town Sumer 14 p. 15 No. 3:18 (OB let.). ibid. 10:14', 23:29, and passim; sarru pa-ni ildni pirqu to become the object of a lawsuit: i-sa-bat the king marches at the head of the images ZA 50 195:10 (MA rit.); I summa eqlati Sa PN ana PN 2 iddinu bi-ir-qa left the i-sa-ap-pa-du PN uzakkdma ana PN2 inandin if the fields which PN has handed over to PN2 become the object of a lawsuit, PN will clear them and give them (again) to PN2 JEN chariots behind pa-an qurddija as-bat and took the lead in front of my warriors AKA 45 ii 75 (Tigl. I), cf. kima rime eqdi pa-nu-us-su-un as-bat OIP 2 36 iv 2, etc. (Senn.); pa-ni ERIN. 222:14. is-bat-ma ana GN illik he (Nebuchadnezzar as crown prince) took the command of the army and marched as far as Carchemish ME- pu - a) to silence, to interrupt (a person): I declared, "There are no tablets of mine (in existence) nor furnishings belonging to me (apart) from what is in (lit. fills) the house dSU.NIR.MES ... usassamma ina babtim azzaz pi-ia is-sa-ba-at umma sdma ilam la tahassas ahat abika kiam iqbiam umma lima let him bring the holy symbols here, I still shall stay in the quarter," he interrupted me saying, "Do you not mind the god? your aunt has Wiseman Chron. p. 66:2; atta alik mahrima pa- nu-si-nu sab-ta-a-ta (var. sab-ta-ta) you, as the leader, you take the lead in front of them Gossmann Era IV 15; uA-te-es-bi-is-si-ma pa-an sugullim (Sin) made her (the cow) take the lead in front of the herd KAR 196 r. i 14; i-sd-as-bi-ta pania ana GN (Assur) directed me against GN Borger Esarh. 112:7; note pa- an awdtija sa-ba-at suterdi hisihtam Sa ... bri <su > suddin take (better) care of my affairs and expedite matters - make (my brother) give up the objects which I demand- said to me as follows" ed (from him)! RA 35 122:8 (Mari let.). and the big) KAR 71 r. 15 (NA egalkurra-rit.). CT 2 1:31 (OB leg.); [andkul ina da'anijaas-sa-bat pu-u sa qalli u danni I (the kettledrum) through my loud noise have silenced everybody (lit. the small b) to meet (a person): sa-ba-at pa-ni-i[ab) to protest(?): PN has taken irrigation ma] ana sir PN lullik (it should not happen water belonging to your territory enna pi-e that he says) "Meet me and I will go to ki ni-is-bat-ta mar ipri sa PN ki i~i ana Zimrilim!" ARM 2 69 r. 9'; kime pa-ni-su-nu errese ittadin now (even) after we protested, 29 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 a messenger of PN has (again) taken (water) and ma ina G10 [...] BIN 1 44:18 (NB let.). given it to his farmers puzru to hide (oneself): ippanijapu-uz-raam is-ba-at-ma ittae'am he hid from me and has left TCL 20 129 r. 21'; pu-uz-ra-am ina panika is-ba-tdm-ma ana Alim illikamma he hid from you and came to me to the City ibid. 5'; summa ummeassu la Sabbuma ip. panija pu-uz-ra-am i-sa-ba-at if his creditor was not paid, and he hid from me CCT 1 10a:16, cf. ipridma pu-uz-ra-am i-sa-ba-at CCT 5 la:14 (all OA). cf. 61:11, 83:12 (all from Dilbat); ina ITI.1. KAM 3 UD-mi qd-tam i-sa-ab-ba-at JCS 1127 No. 14 r. 2, also Waterman Bus. Doc. 17 r. 4, YOS 12 527:15; ina ITI.3.KAM qd-tam i-sa-bat PBS 8/2 196:16; UD.10.KAM sU i-sa-bat (contract for one year's hire) Syria 5 271 AO 9055 r. 3', and 10 UD-mi qa-tam i-sa-bat ibid. 270 AO 9050:15 (OB Terqa); note the parallel formulation i-na ITI. 1 .KAM UD.3.KAM u-zu-ub-tum YOS 12 531:8, person, to conduct images or sacred objects in a ceremonial way - 1' to take a person's hand: Enlil went into the ship is-bat qa-ti-iama ultelanni jdi took me by the hand, Gilg. XI 190, cf. suppi look at the little Gilg. M. iii 12 (OB), also sa-ab-ta-at qd-as-si kima [ummim] ireddisu holding him (Enkidu) by his hand, recite the conjuration BMS 12:16, also CT 23 1:11, cf. qd-ti marsi sa-bat sipat dEa tanaddi AMT 52,1:6; masmsu S marsi DIB-ma ana pan DN ... iqabbi KAR 58:51. 2' to lead a person: qd-ti assitika sa-db-tdma atalkam take your wife and come to me BIN 6 52:16 (OA let.); qd-ti PN ahatisa i-sa- 3' to conduct images - a' as a royal privilege and duty: he defeated Elam and sv ana Babili issd led Bel in a dEN is-ba-ta ... procession to Babylon BBSt. No. 24:11 (Nbk. I); su 1 dlItar ... as-bat-ma ana qerebsu userib Borger Esarh. 76:14 and dupls.; qd-ti rubi dMarduk is-ba-at-ma userib qereb Assur he (Sennacherib) led prince Marduk (away) and brought him into Assyria VAB 4 270 i 15 (Nbn.); ultu GN ... is-bat-ma ina qa-ti dSin ... qereb GN ... usesib he took Sin (Ningal, Harran VAB 4 290 ii 15 (Nbn.), and dupl. ibid. 222 ii 20, cf. qa-ti d Samas ... as-bat-ma ina bit UD.1.KAM Sanat useSibsu I took Samas and settled him (provisionally) in an ordinary house (bit imakkal) for one year(?) VAB 4 254 i 30 (Nbn.), cf. also ibid. 226 iii 6, and the parallel version OECT 1 pl. 25 ii 5; lu-us-bat SUI-su [lukin]su ina subti BHT pl. 6 ii 9 (Nbn. Verse Account); summa sarru Su DINGIR DIB-ma lu ing (the temple) CT 40 40 r. 69 (SB omens), and dupl. TCL 6 9:16; lubustu sarri sa ina sa-bat II DINGIR.MES illabbis the attire of the SU cense before Marduk sv bel niqe DIB-ma kiam taqabbi take the hand of the man who gave the sacrificial lamb, and speak as follows ... the hand of the sick person and have him ina asesu lu ina erebisu issi if the king leads the god (in procession) and (the image) utters a sound either when leaving or when enter- she leads him like a mother Gilg. P. ii 31 (OB); as a symbolic gesture: you scatter in- BBR No. 1-20:68 and 148; LU.NAR tusamnasu you take etc.) from Babylon and made them dwell in and see sesubtu (sisubtu) additional work. b) to take a person's hand, to lead a child holding on to your hand SsU marsi DIB-ma sipta ... left BIN 7 173:20 (OB let.). qd-tam i-sa-ba-at in each month he will do additional work for three days VAS 7 47:13, sihram sa-bi-tu qd-ti-ka RA 18 18 ii 7 (SB); igi. s u.na u.me.ni.dib : mahar su-su sa-bat-ma 5R 50 ii 61f.; ba-at-ma ittalak she took her sister PN and qatu - a) to do additional work (said of hired men, OB only): ina ITI.1.KAM UD.3.KAM and brought me out dUtu.s dSama king which he wears when he leads the gods U" bel niqe i-sa-bat qe-e-su iqabbi ipattarsu the temple singer takes the hand of the owner of the sacrificial lamb (and) says, "(Here is) the (in procession) UVB 15 p. 40 r. 8 (NB rit.). gift," (then) lets go of him ibid. No. 60:25 (NA), cf. masmJsu su rub DIB-ma kiam iqabbi Craig ABRT 2 12:30, also u"I amili DiB-bat- dMarduk as-bat-ma usallimma uruh bit akiti I entered Babylon in a joyous mood and led the great lord Marduk safely along the road b' in connection with the Akitu festival: ana GN ... 30 hadil erumma h u" beli rabl oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sab tu 8 to the New Year's chapel Winckler Sar. pl. 35 No. 74:141, cf. Lie Sar. 385; SUII iltisu sa-bit- li-is-ba-at VAS 16 198:8, and qd-ti sa-ab-[ta- ma isaddiha [...] Streck Asb. 264 iii 5; ina Nisanni su II dBel u mar dBel is-bat isinni akitu ipus in the month of Nisannu he (Nebuchadnezzar II) led Bel and the son of B6l in procession and performed the New nati Su-si sa-bat-ma ina Salimti lillikamma help him in (his) distress so that he can come Year's festival Wiseman Chron. 68:14, also Sarru-ken u dEN is-sa-[bat] CT 34 44 ii 15' (chron.), also RLA 2 433 Cb 4 year 709, ibid. p. 432 Cb 3 year 729. ABL 499:11 (NB), cf. qa-ti is-bat ABL 1285 r. 15 (NA); sa-ba-a-ti sa su" ul sebi he does not want to help ABL 774 r. 6 (NB); when PN fled from Elam he came as far as GN ultu LU c' other occs.: tuskenma s RAcc. 73 and p. 115 r. 9, cf. KAR 132 iii 21, iv 6, and see RAcc. p. 102f., also [dPapsukkal u dAni ... DIB-bat.MES-ma RAcc. p. 91:14, cf. ibid. 92 r. 6, and sarru mass mas n dINNIN.MES sUI I An-tum DIB-bat.MESma ibid. 92 r. 9. 4' to conduct cult objects: S]u I I GIS.t.LUH.NAM.LUGAL.LA dBA [u LUGAL U dINNIN DIB- bat.MES-ma ana kisal bit akitu TU-[ma ina] UGU BARA.GAL ... TUS-ab DN and the king lead the royal scepter-symbol and the goddess, and she enters into the ante-cella of the New Year's chapel and takes up a position on the great dais (and the royal scepter-symbol is set up beside her) LU.TU.E RAcc. p. 115 r. 4, my lord, came to my help, he saved my life Dahha'u-people, I brought him over here (andnow) heis sick ABL 282:12 (NB); mimmini mala basl kunukma panis sudgilma lu maru sa-bit su"-i-ni s4 hand over (to him) in a sealed document whatever we own, he should be a son (to us and) our support Moldenke 54:11 (NB adoption), and dupl. Hebraica 3 15f.; my lord knows that ki-x-su la masdkla u sabit Su"-id jdnu I cannot .... and (that) I have no help ABL 912 r. 3 (NB); lu ana pulluh lu ana sa-bat ~vIu whether it is to scare (the land) or to help PRT 105 r. 18; amela sa asapparakka v-ka li-is-bat let the man I am going to send you help you 3:33 (Etana), of. ibid. pl. 12 vi 1'. cf. rabui S~u gizilli ina masmdse kale u nare ultu ziqqurrat DIB-bat-am-ma ... in safety PBS 13 68:10 (MB let.); sarru belija SvuT-a ck is-ba-tu ubtallitanni when the king, when I helped him (to get) away from the dlstar DIB-bat-ma Tu-ma ina papahasu ussab suTI CT 4 37a:13 (all OB letters); ina dans Dah-ha-'i vu-su ki as-ba-taultebirassumarus ili DIB-ma BBR No. 31-37 fragment 1:32; dSA U sarru SulI masmdas] ni-im] ana Bab. 12 pl. 2' said of gods: Assur u ilka qd-ti i-sa-dbti-ma astilim Assur and your personal god helped me, and I got well CCT 4 14b:9 (OA let.); is-ba-tun SU.MES-ka KUB 4 53:8 (inc.); kisalmahi Tu-ma the chief erib-biti-priest Zababa sar tahazi ina tahazi Su-su la i-sa-bat leads the torch - accompanied by the Zababa, the king of battle, should not assist masmasu-priests,temple-singers and the ndru- him in battle BBSt. No. 8 iv 24 (early NB); singers - from the temple tower to the main dTasmetu ... su 11 -ki l ta-as-bat ABL 368:7, ante-cella ibid. p. 119:33, and similar ibid. 120:3; .sarru ... svu Antu ... [u] maqq hurdsi DIBbat-am-ma KAR 132 i 18, and see RAcc. p. 100, see also KAR 132 i 26; SU1 lilissi ana pan ildni DIB-ma ina SE.NUMUN.MES tukdn you lead the kettledrum (first) before the images and (then) set it down on (a bed of) seeds RAcc. p. 16 iii 27. c) to help, assist a person - 1' said of human beings: qd-si sa-ba-at ana idilu iziz help him, stand at his side! BIN 7 32:6; ina napistim nadikcu qd-ti sa-ba-at I am deeply hurt, help me! TCL 18 123:20, cf. qd-tam 31 cf. s baldti) suV-su ta-sa-bat (referring to BeletABL204r. 11; a im.ri.a mu.un.sub su.gid ba.an.ni.ib : ina me rusumti nadi qa-as-su sa-bat help him who is lying in a swamp! 4R 10r. 37f.; mu.un.kin.kin.e.an nig.nam su na.an.gid.da : astani'ema mamman qd-ti ul i-sa-bat I have been looking around, but nobody helps me 4R 10: 58f., cf. su.gid ba.an.na.ab : ta-sa-ba-ti su-su 4R 29**:15f. (= ASKT p. 115f.); ta-sab-bat su e[n8]i you assist the weak BMS 2:21, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 24, cf. SU"I ensi sa-ba-tu SurpuIV 18, also maqtu ... ta-sab-batqa-as-su oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 you help the fallen STT 57:62, and dupls. 58:30, 59:6; ina anniti qd-ti sa-ab-tam help me in this (situation)! (incipit of an inc.) AMT amat libbi istene'u s siu aqbi I prayed to Marduk, my lord, I besought him with prayers, I expressed to him whatever my 90,1:14; mursi la idl qa-ti sab-ti help me (with this) unknown disease KAR 73 r. 20, and heart wanted VAB 4 122 i 52 (Nbk.), cf. ibid. 280 vii 43 (Nbn.). passim in SB prayers; sa-bi-ta-at SUI I ina dannate she who helps in adversity OECT 6 pl. 13 K.3515:9, cf. sa-bi-ta-at sv naski she who helps the fallen BMS 9 r. 36, and see Ebeling Handerhebung 68, also sa-bit SUI I naski LKA 43:19, and see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 32, note sa-bit uldii and passim in prayers, BA 5 391 K.9595:6; Sa-ba-at-qd-si (personal name) MAD 1 No. 163 ii 37 and iv 29, for other Sul' personal names composed with this idiom, see garrutu to assume kingship: awat Kubaba sa sa-ar-ru-ta-amis-ba-tu (this is) the case of RN, who assumed the kingship RA 38 84 r. 29 (OB ext.), cf. [Sarr]ut kisiatim sarrum i-sa- ba-at the king will exercise a tyrannical kingship YOS 10 40:4 (OB ext.), also rubi sarrit ki uti i-sa-bat BRM 4 15:19 (SB ext.), also CT 27 22 r. 12, and passim in Izbu; ina Amurri RN LUGAL-ut-ta i-sa-bat Iddin-Teiup seized the kingship in Amurru (as against Stamm Namengebung 171, 221 and 311. to guarantee: PN u PN2 qa-ta-at-ti is-sa-bat sa PN, qadu mdresu PN and PN2 guarantee (to the king) that PN3 and his children (will not run away to another d) country) MRS 6 37 RS 15.81:4, cf. PN qa-taat-ti is-sa-bat 'a PN 2 ibid. 11, for the corr. Babyl. idiom, see lequ; for ina (istu) qct PN Mursili who ana kussi sarruti ittasab line 7 f.) KBo 1 8:8, cf. parsi sa sarrdni [ki LUG]AL- ut-ta AS-sa-ap-pa-du-ni it is the custom among kings when they attain kingship (to send greetings) KBo 1 14 r. 7, and passim in this text; sarrdni sa Halab LUGAL-ut-ta rabitam sa-ab-tu4 the kings of Halab used to exercise sabatu, see mng. 7. e) to handcuff a person: the army of II sa-bit Astyages rebelled against him ina uV ana RN id[dinsu] and handed him over to an important kingship KBo 1 6:11, and ibid. r. 16, see Weidner, BoSt 8 82, cf. LUGAL-ut-ta Sa Amurri mar RN ... lu sa-bi-it KUB 3 8:32; ultu LUGAL-t-ta sa Ugarit ta-as-pa-tu4 MRS 9 191 RS 17.247:7; GN ittekir LUGAL-4-tu GN BHT pl. 12 ii 2; ina sa-bit is-sa-bat Babylon rebelled (and) he assumed Cyrus handcuffed uVIIaltaprasuniti I sent them handcuffed the kingship of Babylon (Dar. I), cf. ibid. 17 § 11:17; YOS 3 186:25 (NB let.). VAB 3 23 § 16:32 [LUGAL]-tuagd[ta] andku as-bat-su I exercise this kingship ibid. qalu to become dazed: qu-lu(vars. -la and -lam) is-ba-tu saqummes usbu they (the gods) became dazed (and) sat down in silence En. el. 15 § 9:11; lu-se-es-bi-it-ka sarruta ina erseti rapasti I will make you king of the nether world EA 357:82 (Nergal and Ereskigal). I 58. Sitilu to deliberate: situlam ki'am as-ba-at this is how I deliberated Sumer 14 23 No. 5:6 (OB let.). rema to have mercy, to ask for mercy a) to have mercy: sarru bell ri-e-mu ina muhhi ardisu li-is-bat-su may the king, my lord, have mercy on his servant ABL 2 r. 20 (NA); minamma ana Uruk alania ri-ma is-sa-ab-tan-ni why does he have mercy on (all of) Uruk with the exception of me? Aumu to become famous: umn sarru bell iddat abisu urtaddi s'u-mu s8G5 is-bat now the king, my lord, has gained even more fame than his father ABL 1285:23 (NA). BIN 1 18:22 (NB let.). b) to ask for mercy: ihtalqa ri-e-mu ana Sarri is-sa-bat he ran away and asked the king for mercy ABL 916:6 (NA). ana supps to beseech with prayers: dMardukc belija utnn su-pi-e-u as-ba-at-ma 32 suqultu to establish a weight: gold objects sa KI.LA-siu-nu la as-bat whose weight I did not establish KAH 2 84:72 (Adn. II), cf. unit ekallisu ... Sa KI.LA-sd la sab-ta-at AKA 366 iii 67, also ibid. 369 iii 76 (Asn.), 3R 8 ii 75 (Shalm. III); four representations of fierce gods Sa oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 8 2 G I.UN 12 MA.NA hursi su-qul-tu sab-tu-ma cerning the expedition ARM 6 30:8, cf. te4 -m[i] whose weight was established as (totalling) two talents (and) twelve minas TCL 3 376 (Sar.); 5 GUN 12 MA.NA sdmu russu ti-is-bu-tu suqultu (shields) of dark red (gold) weighing lu-us-ta-as-bi-it ARM 2 39:23; kima ina GN te4 - five talents and twelve minas TCL 3 371 (Sar.). dib ni.mu nu.mu.us.tuk.men : t-e-mu ul sab-ta-ku ramani ul hassdku I am unable to take action, I do not know my own mind mu-um is-sa-ab-tu nakrum imurma when action was taken in GN, the enemy saw it ARM 2 30:5; dima (wr. KA.uI) taluku to follow a course (said of a planet): ina qibiti sirte sa dNabd dMarduk sa ina manzdz kakkabe sasutbe ]akkeja is-ba-tu taluku upon the august command of Nabi (and) Marduk, who (i.e., whose planets) had taken a course among the constellations that (was favorable) for my attack 4R 19 No. 3:47f.; lutely Gilg. IX ii 12; ina la sa-bat te-e-me imds [.. .] Winckler AOF 2 p. 20:7 (unidentified NA king); ultu MU.AN.NA 3-ta sab-ta-ku u enna sa TCL 3 317 (Sar.). appatru temd ul as-bat ki appatru I have been held imprisoned for three years, and even now that I have become free I cannot take any action, although I have become free ABL 1431:8 (NB); as a medical symptom: s'umma amelu ... ina dabdbisu upassat t-en-si la father ARM 1 55:11. temu to take action: PN died and did not leave a will te-em-k& sa-ba-at-ma.. . tib'amma atalkam take action and come to me (as soon as you have had this tablet read to you) BIN 6 2:6; send him to me t -mi lu sa-db-tdm I am ready for action CCT 2 50:30; ana awdtim annidtim PN isi'eka ihidma te-em-ka lu sa-db-ta-kum it is on account of these matters that PN is looking for you-watch CCT 3 46b:23; NU DIB-it Labat, Syria 33 122:24. tidu to take the road: ana GN ... istakan pani[su] is-sa-bat tu-du nesitu he (Nabonidus) departed towards Tema' (deep in Amurru), lu took a road to a faraway region BHT pl. 7 ii 24 (Nbn. Verse Account); see also harrdnuand atta te- em-kac sa-db-ta-kum be ready for action (as for me, I will think it over for two or three days and then give you the answer) BIN 4 105:15 (all OA); sa-bit if (when he gets drunk) a man (keeps forgetting words) becomes unintelligible when he speaks, loses his ability to act Kiichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 52; if his backbone is bent and he cannot stand up Ku-su NU DIB and he loses his ability to act Labat TDP 106 iii 34, cf. also ibid. 104 iii 21, and passim, and KU-si nimlikma te6-em-ni lu ni-is-ba(text -ku)-at we will deliberate and take action Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes 27:30; is-bat te-en-4-ma iqrub ma= harsun he (Gilgames) approached them reso- tertu to hold office (Mari): u mdrsu anniki'am ana idi abisu te-er-tam sa-bi-it and his son here is holding office along with his out and take action! nu.mu.un. urhu in this section. urtyu (arhu) to take a road: as-sa-bat uruhsu I marched against him Winckler ana panika te-e-mi sa-ab-ta- k[u] u kaluma ersid I am ready to act for you, Sar. pl. 34 No. 72:114; ana lit PN ur-ha sab-ta- and everything is prepared ku-ma hantis allak I am on my way to Utna- TCL 17 6:13; assum suharti annitim te-mi ul sa-ab-t[a-k]u pistim, and I am in a hurry Gilg. IX i 7; as to this girl, I have not (yet) taken action the hunter went off [to Gilgames] is-bat urOECT 3 74:10; te-em-ka sa-ba-at take action! BIN 7 48:13 (OB letters); ana annetim te4-mu- ha ina libbi Uruk i'ta[kan ... ] he took the road (and) set [foot] in Uruk Gilg. I iii 27; um lu sa-bi-it take action in this respect ARM 1 42:14, of. Laessee Shemshara Tablets p. 39:24, and timka lu sa-ab-ta-at ibid. 17; note is-sab-tu ur-ha usteseru harranu Gilg. I iii 47; istu un iml is-ba-tu u-ru-uh smti when his time was up he died (lit. took the fate- with subbutu in Mari: te4-em-ka lu si-bu-ut ful road) ARM 1 85:10, also ibid. 42:53, and [te 4]-em-Sunu li-sa-ab-bi-tu ibid. 85 r. 13'; ana te 4-em tu ir-ha illaku harrdna MDP 18 251:1 (OB the legitimate shepherd soa-bi-it lit.); i-ru-4h ulmu sa dSamas u dAdad who harr[dnim]su-ta-as-bu-tim to take action con33 VAB 4 276 iv 35 (Nbn.), cf. sa-ab- oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 8 sabatu 9a follows the road established by the (favorable oracles of) SamaS and Adad VAB 4 104 i 4 (Nbk.); they left their possessions behind is- bu-ti a-rah la tari and took the road from which there is no return TCL 3 177 (Sar.), cf. gipsussun uruh Akkadi is-ba-tu-nim-ma ana Bdbili tebini they took the road to Babylonia (proper) in masses and pitched camp before Babylon OIP 2 43 v 53 (Senn.); as-ba-ta ur-ha YOS 10 50:8, cf. ummdni u u mmn nakrim pi-ri-it pi-ri-it (for birit birit) is-sa-ab-ba-tu ibid. 46 iv 29 (both OB ext.), cf. matu birit birit DIB-bat 2R 47 i 22 (ext. comm.), also CT 27 22:25 (Izbu), and Izbu Comm. 215, mat rube birit birit DIB-bat CT 20 2:16, cf. CT 30 38 i 12f.; mdtum i(var. is)-sa-ba-at itakkal (the people of) the country will fight and destroy (lit. eat) each other YOS 10 48:33, var. from ibid. 49:5; ummdni u ummdn nakri ana epes itti ummandteja urhu padanum -sa-as-bit-su- tdhazi is-sab-ba-tid(var. -tu 4) CT 31 49:24, var. nu-ti I sent (the submissive kings with their from ibid. 18 obv.(!) 16 (SB ext.); s'umma se-e Layard 65:13 (Tigl. II), see Rost Tigl. III p. 22; troops) on the way, together with my own la iitassir anadki u si ni-sa-ba-at-ma murus libbim ahum ana ahim irassi if he has not released the barley, should he and I get into an argument? there will be bad feelings between us (lit. one to the other) Sumer 14 troops Streck Asb. 8 i 74. ussu to take a course: sa ... matam iisam kinam u ridam damqam u-sa-as-bi-tu who directed the country on the proper course and toward the correct way of life CH xl 8, cf. 38 No. 16 r. 8' (OB let.); assum PN u PN2 is-saussu kina ri-id-dam damqu 4-sa-as-bi-it-si-na- ba-tu-i(?) u umma sima because PN and PN2 are quarreling, and the latter (claims) as a-ti Unger Babylon p. 283 ii 11, also VAB 4 172 follows viii 30 (Nbk.). uznu to mark(?) the ear: PN made an agreement with PN 2 in order to make him (PN2) his (PN's) brother, if PN2 takes a dislike to his brother PN, his brother uzu. GESTU.MESi-sa-bat u ipattar will mark his (PN2's) ears and then he (PN2) may depart (but if PN takes a dislike to PN2 , he is to pay 1,000 shekels of silver) MRS 6 75 RS water Fish Letters 15:10, cf. i-ti-su ti-is-buta-ku TCL 18 86:43; assum kanik suluppi ... PN u PN 2 is-sa-ab-tu-ma umma Boyer Contribution 124:8, at Haverford Symposium p. 238 No. 7:7 (all OB); mare GN asum aldni anniti itti RN ina dini is-sa-ab-tu4-ni-in4 -ni the people of Mukis entered into a lawsuit against Niqmepa on behalf of these villages MRS 9 63 RS 17.237:9; tuSelli (for tusalli) ina Hubursa dina ti-is-bu-ti 9. tisbutu - a) to grasp one another, to quarrel, to be connected, joined, and other reciprocal mngs. - 1' to grasp one another, to hold hands, to grapple with one another, to get into a fight, to quarrel, to become involved in a lawsuit: is-sa-ab-tu-ma kima le-i-im i-ludu they (Enkidu and Gilgames) grappled with each other and bent(?) like wrestler(s) [... ] you (Samas) make him who has become involved in a lawsuit dare to take the river ordeal Lambert BWL 128:62; la dlittu ina balika zera u mred ul is-sab-bat without you (Sin), the childless woman cannot conceive (from) semen and become pregnant STT 57:65, and li-is-sab-tam(var. dupls. 58:33 and 59:9; -tu)-ma mahru likallim (obscure) En. el. VII 145. Gilg. P. vi 15 and 20, cf. Gilg. II ii 48; is-sab-tuother by the hand PN-ma also anaku itti PN as-sa-ba-at ARM 2 76:24, also ittisu ul a-sa-ba- 16.344:11. ma qa-tu-qa-tu-us-su-un TCL 17 43:13; ana me ti-is-bu-ta-ni we have a quarrel concerning the (irrigation) they took each 2' (in the stative) to be connected, joined Gilg. III i 19, cf. is-sa-ab- Genouillac Kich 2 D 55 r. 3 (excerpt from lit. ?); - a' in ext.: summa kakkum u dandnu ti-is-bu-tu if the "weapon" and the "fortress" are joined RA 38 81 r. 26 (OB ext.), cf. summa martu u ubdnu DIB.DIB-tu CT 30 49 r. 5, atta u nakirka ta-as-sa-ab-ba-t-aa-ma ahum aham usamqat you and your enemy will get into a fight, and one will destroy the other gumma kaldti 2.TA.AM DIB.DIB-ta if the kidneys are double and joined TCL 6 5 r. 49; summa zI (= sikkat seli) isissina ti-is-bu-ut u du-ni illakuni KUB 4 12 obv.(!) 5 (Gilg.), also Gilg. VI 177, II iv 12; ina tarbasiminnamruma is-sa-ab-tu they met and grappled in the fold 34 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 9b sabatu 10b ressina ti-is-bu-ut if the ribcage is joined at surinni the base and the top YOS 10 45 r. 51, and passim in this text, cf. summa ... ser hasc DIB. DIB.MES Boissier Choix 128:8, cf. sikkat seli ... sina (var. ana Sina) ti-is-bu-ta YOS 10 who hold emblems Streck Asb. 150 x 74, also Thompson Esarh. pl. 15 iii 8 (Asb.); see also CT 31 49:23; see also mng. 13c. Sa bunnane ameliu-sab-bi-ti ASKT p. 84-85:30, SAG.KI.MU u-sab-bi-tu KAR 80 r. 27, u-sab-bit saptija BMS 13:22, tu-sab-bi-ta birkija Maqlu V 122, KA.MU u-sab-bi-tu AfO 18 290:16, also Maqlu I 97, cf. mesreti tu-sab-bi-ti 4R Add. to p. 56 ii 1; mimma lemnu mu-sab-bi-tu(var. two sea-monsters of esmari-silver mng. 8 s.v. suqultu. 10. subbutu - a) to seize (a person, said 48:33 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb), var. from of magic, demons, diseases) (cf. mng. 1): atti e sa tu-sab-bi-ti-in-ni you (fer.) there, who 49:5, cf. [KAK.TI] sa imitti 2-ta-ma DIB.DIB-ta CT 31 17:9 (SB ext.), also 2 ulu 3 ina resisina have seized me (with your sorcery) Maqlu III 108, cf. Sa kispi su-ub-bu-tu-in-ni me, DIB.DIB-ti ibid. 24:19, and passim in ext., cf. also uban hai qablitum itti §a pani hurhudim whom sorcery keeps in its grasp Maqlu VI 115; ti-is-bu-ta-at (if) the middle finger of the usx.zu [hul.bi.tal eme ba.ni.[in].fdib. lung is joined to the front of the trachea dibl.bi : kiSpi lem[nuti Sa lis]dnuiu-sab-ba-tu4 evil sorcery that seizes the tongue CT 16 YOS 10 40:3, and kakku itti marti DIB.DIB-ut 2:59f., cf. lu.sa 7 .alan bi.in.dib.dib.bi : CT 30 44 83-1-18, 415:11, itti kakki DIB.DIB-tu 4 b' in Izbu: summa izbu 2-ma ti-is-bu-ti if the newborn animal is double and joined cf. kima GIuD DUMU dUTU CT 27 4:19, ina selisunu DIB.DIB- Izbu Comm. 253, ti-is-bu-tu4 ma they are joined at their ribcages ibid. 26, and passim in Izbu; summa izbum qaqqassu ... itti zibbatisu ti-is-bu-ut if the head of the newborn animal is joined to its tail YOS 10 56 ii 32 (OB Izbu). c' in other omen texts: summa Sdrat Kraus qaqqadisu 2.TA.AM ti-is-bu-[ta-at] Texte 3b ii 43, of. (with: 3.TA.AM) ibid. 45; summa kunuk kisadisu patir nahirasuDIB.DIB imat if the vertebrae of his neck are "loose" and his nostrils grown together, he will die Labat TDP 82:22, cf. summa nahirasu DIB. DIB-tic Labat TDP 58 r. 1; summa suradr DIB. DIB-ta-ma CT 38 39:36, with comm. DIB.DIBta-ma = ti-is-bu-ta-ma CT 41 27 r. 17 (SB Alu), cf. (said of snakes) CT 40 21:12, and CT 38 32:25; uncertain: s u BE (mitu or mitu) DIB.DIB-tu he (the patient) and death(?) linked Labat TDP 30:98 and 42:35. are -bit) ameliti (the demons and) an-ni urassanni (the sorceress who) paralyzed(?) me, bound me, seized me, bewitched me Laessee Bit Rimki 39:20, note kispiki your own ruheki i-sa-ab-ba-tu-ki kdsi sorceries and spells will seize you yourself Maqlu VII 169; Summa MIN MIN-ma ina upisi u-sa-bit-si if ditto (a man divorces his wife) and practices black magic against her CT 39 44:46 (SB Alu); lu qdtsAa lu stepa i4-sa-bi-ta-Si (if) her hands or her feet hurt (lit. "seize") her Labat TDP 214:21. b) to seize (a person, said of a human action) (cf. mng. 2a and 2c): sdbani Sa ... analibbisunu irubu zu-sa-ab-bi-tu they caught our men who entered among them (their tribes) b) to hold, seize, grasp (same mngs. as sabatu)- 1' imperative: ti-is-bat qdssu JTVI "anything evil," that seize humans Maqlu I 139, also KAR 80 r. 21; ubbiranniukassanniu-sab-bi-ta- RA 42 71:25 (Mari let.); S4 ki -se-bi- ta-na-si ana muh sarri ultebilandsi when he arrested us, he sent us to the king BE 17 55:14, cf. li-se-bi-tu-su-nu-ti ibid. 58:11 (MB let.); ina 29 87:29, see MVAG 21 86 (Kedorlaomer text), cf. ti-is-ba-ti (in broken context, parallel kusdi) JCS 15 8 iii 18 (OB lit.). 2' stative: aqbima gimlum ti-is-bu-ut-ma I gave orders so that the spare ox is (now) muslali i[na kiri] us-sa-ab-tu-us they caught him during the siesta in the orchard SMN 2495:17 (unpub., Nuzi); blde hmtu mala ina pan;i sunu -sab-ba-tu-maana ekalli isapparu they shall arrest any criminal that they come upon, engaged (in plowing) VAS 16 9:27, cf. GUD. II.A sipram ti-is-bu-tu Fish Letters 16:14 (both and send (him) to the palace ABL 1286 r. 15 OB letters); 2 lahme esmar sa ti-is-bu-tui (NB), cf. atd sabeni tu-sa-bi-ta why have you 3* 35 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu lOc sabatu lOi seized our men ? ABL 579 r. 2 (NA), u-sab-bi-taan-na-su ABL 589:4 (NB), sartennu ... amelutti sab-bi-ta take the fortresses one after the sa bit abija qdt sibitti ki t-sab-bi-ta after the chief judge put the slaves of my father's estate passive: in fetters ABL 716 r. 16 (NB), and passim in NA and NB letters; 200 sabe baltiti ina qdti f) to levy services (cf. mng. 3c): sakin temi sabe issu libbisunu us-sab-bit the commander levied workmen from among them (the ABL 223 r. 9 (NA); note as WSem. ul tu-sa-bat [dl]ka don't let your city be conquered! u-sab-bi-ta I personally captured 200 men alive AKA 236 r. 33 (Asn.), and passim in Asn., Tigl. III, Samsi-Adad V, Sar., Asb., wr. DIB-ta ibid. 320 ii 72 and 339 ii 115 (Asn.); litisunu 4sa-bit I took hostages from them Lie Sar. 329; uqu sa Bdbili ... iddilk u us-sab-bit-su-nu-tu he defeated the Babylonian army and captured them VAB 3 57 § 50:87, cf. [marbanute].MES- su ... sa ittisu su-ub-bu-tu-' the nobles who were with him were captured other ibid. 88 (Dar.); idduku' ina libbisunu 546 u baltitu us-sab-bitu-nu 520 they killed 546 of them and captured 520 alive ibid. 33 § 27:51, cf. ibid. 37 § 30:56, 45 § 36:67, cf. also rabbitesa Assur us-sab-bi-tu Wiseman Chron. 54:6, also ibid. 74:10; u-sa-ab-ba-at-ka-ma I cleave to you JCS 15 6 i 22 (OB lit.); 1 PN [ia] resi ki nesu EA 85:46 (let. of Rib-Addi). Babylonian citizens) ABL 340 r. 13 (NA). g) to seize objects, property, etc. (cf. mng. 3a): luqitam sa PN sa 4-sa-bi-ti ana kaspim utarma I will turn PN's merchandise, which I have seized, into cash KTS 30:8, cf. kasap awilim sa-bi-it ibid. 23, also AN.NA ... sa-bi4-it BIN 6 132:9, URUDU i-sa-bi-ti-t CCT 4 25a:38, babdtija 4-sa-bi-ti TCL 14 39:13 (all OA); AB.HI.A u-sa-ab-bi-it-ma I confis- cated the cows (and did the threshing) A 3524:20 (OB let.), cf. ZiD(?).KUM ana SE si-biit-ma (uncert.) CT 2 29:21 (OB let.); 12 UDU.HI. A.MES us-se-eb-bi-it-ma AASOR 16 7:14 (Nuzi), cf. [immerdte]sunu nu-us-se-eb-bi-it ibid. 6:11. h) to seize an exit (cf. mng. 4b): kupi harrdnate 4-sa-bi-it the frost blocked the u-sa-bi-tu-u one (ox, sacrificed for) PN, the roads ABL 768:8 (NA); I shut him (Samas-sum- eunuch, after a lion seized him AfO 10 40 No. 89:11 (MA); note ramakka sa-bi-it-ma make a decision(?) BIN 4 72:1 (OA). ukin) and his troops up in Babylon, etc., 4-sab-bi-ta mussasun and seized their exit c) to summon as a witness (cf. mng. 2d): he made me take an oath u mukinne ana muhhija us-sa-bit and brought witnesses against me ABL 456:8 (NB). Streck Asb. 32 iii 132, cf. girretisu 4-sab-bit ibid. 16 ii 53; urrad ana qaqqarimma i-sab-bi- tu kibsi[ki] I will go down to ground level and block(?) your (the witch's) track Maqlu III 145 (from STT 82); [harranati(?)].MEs-iaus- d) to capture wild animals (cf. mng. 3b): 4 pire baltu te lu(var. adds -u)-sa-bi-ta AKA 86 vi 73 (Tigl. I), cf. ibid. 139 iv 6 and 8 (Tigl. I), 203 iv 37 (Asn.), AfO 3 160 r. 27 (Assur-dan II), KAH 2 84:125 (Adn. II), ina qdti u-sab-bi-ta Scheil Tn. II 81f., note u-sab-bi-ta as var. to DIB-bat AKA 202 iv 27 (Asn.). e) to conquer a city (cf. mng. 3e): uru.bi bu.du.uk im.za (var.bu.uk.tu.za) : alsu Lugale III 8; dalni danndti sa mat GN kalasunu ina MN u-sa-ab-bi-it-ma I captured the fortified cities of GN, all of sab-bi-tu4 ekkmu the Snatcher (a demon) is blocking all my roads Gilg. XI 231. i) to make fast, to tie, to link - 1' to make fast: ina mesir siparri u-se-bi-it I fastened (the door leaves) with a copper band Aa KAH 1 6:10 (= AOB 1 96, Adn. I), misina ina kurussi cf. sagam: eri misi lu i-sab-bit 5R 33 iv 49 (Agum-kakrime), also ina hurdsi uqni u-sab-bi-it Iraq 14 34:70 (Asn.); qani u u-sa[b-bit] gusiru ina libbi lu-sab-bit (give me a section of your wall) I will put in a reed construction u them(!), one after the other, in MN RA 7 155 iii 11 (OB royal); atd aninu salmdni attunu URU hal-su.MEs-ni tu-sa-ba-ta why do you take our fortresses while we are at peace? ABL 548:15 (NA); bit diirini ina battataja 36 and beams VAS 15 35:5 (NB), cf. gusire -sabat ADD 90:9 (NA), cf. also gusiri ta-bi-u-te sab-bu-ti ADD 917 ii 19, 915 iii 6; ina mascija su-ub-bu-ti [...] ina ser'anija su-ub-bu-tu [...] with my (the ox's) hide are fastened [...], with my sinews are fastened the [...] oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 10j sabatu 11c (of the chariot) Lambert BWL 178 r. 11f. (fable); ddilina ina turre lu si-ub-bu-ftul their didu-garments should be fastened with straps MDP 4 pl. 18 No. 3:5 (= p. 167, Elam). 2' to link, hold, connect by something (used in the stative, cf. mng. 6a): summa kubur libbim qe si-bu-ut if the thick part of the heart is held by filaments YOS 10 42 i 36, cf. ibid. 54, ii 33, YOS 10 24:25, qe si-ub-bu-ut ibid. 25:18, 46v 33 (all OB ext.), CT 20 11:22 (SB ext.); summa amitu qe DIB.MES-at TCL 6 1:51, cf. ibid. 52, cf. also summa amutu s istu DIB. MES-at ibid. 50; note: if the veins on a pregnant woman's breast GU.MES DIB.DIB are surrounded by capillary vessels (she will give birth to a male) Labat TDP 204:50. oners taken ABL 556 r. 6 (NA); mdr-sipridti. ni la tu-sd-as-bat do not arrest our messengers YOS 3 114:12 (NB let.); note (in legal context) nisi bitisu kiim maskdnu sa PN 4-sd-as-bit he had people of his household given in lieu of the pledge held by PN VAS 4 46:11 (NB). b) to install someone in a feudal holding, in office (cf. mng. 3d): saddakdim RA.GAB. MES LU.BAN ana eqldtim su-us-bu-tim atrudak: kum last year I sent you the persons of rakbustatus belonging to the class of "bowmen" to install them in feudal holdings TCL 7 11:4 (OB let.), cf. eqlanm u-us-bi-ta-su-nu-ti ibid. 25, also ibid. 27; note: gardens [sa] RN ... nukaribbe -sd-as-bi-tu that Assurbanipal granted to the gardeners AnOr 9 2:33 (NB); 3' other mngs.: summa ina pisu DIB.DIBma Labat TDP 64:41' and 42', cf. ibid. 160:35, also pdau su-ub-bu-ut-ma dababa la ile'e his mouth is obstructed so that he cannot speak ibid. 220:22, cf. su-ub-bi-ti pi mirdnik[i] 4R 58 ii 50, dupl. PBS 1/2 113:83 (Lamastu), also su-bi-ti <KA> mirdniki KAR 71:5 (inc.), Summa amelu usarsu DIB.MES-at AMT 63,1:14; if the sinews on his hands DIB.DIB.MES Labat TDP 94 r. 9; nine garments sa nibhi hurdsi jar hurasi si-bit-su-nu ina murde su-ub-butu whose .... -s are edged with a gold border and gold rosettes in .... -thread TCL 3 386 (Sar.); narmaktu sa hurdsi sab-bu-ta-tu- u-ni a basin which is inlaid with gold seize me, (now) may the evil utukku-demon seize yourselves Maqlu V 64; kalkaltu i-sdas-bi-su-nu-ti-ma I starved them out Lie Sar. p. 48:14; LU hubtu i-sa-as-bi-it I had pris- sihrau rabdki isteniSi-sd-as-bit-ma to young and old alike he gave (fields) as holdings VAS 1 37 iii 28 (NB kudurru); [x-r]e-e-ti ittadd dEa us-ta-as-bit he placed [...] and entrusted (them) to Ea En. el. V 68; manzdzu sa resia 4-sa-as-bi-it I installed in my personal service (the following officials) Unger Babylon p. 284 iii 34 (Nbk.), cf. ana massarti i4sd-as-bit-su-nu-tu YOS 7 156:12 (NB); isdud parkamassarai-sa-as-bi-it he drew a limit(?) (and) installed watchmen(?) ABL erbetti 1203 r. 4 (NA); ana su-ub-bu-ut qe ... tabu (days) favorable for spinning(?) thread KAR 177 iv 33 (hemer.); ina muhhi 100 GUR 10 En. el. IV 139, cf. Jari us-te-es-bi-ta ana la ase mimmisa ibid. 42. c) to have someone hold or touch an object (cf. mngs. 3g, 3j)- 1' in gen.: adi patram sa Assur 4-sa-as-bu-ti-su until they have him touch the dagger of DN (when taking the (GUR) suluppi ana makkasu i-sab-bat he will prepare (and deliver) ten gur of dates for pulp(?) from (each) 100 gur YOS 6 36:14, cf. 3 GUR 4-sab-bat (in broken context) Dar. 353:10. oath) BIN 4 37:8 (OA); turraina qdtesu tu-sa- j) in idiomatic use: see mng. 8 s.v. nik: kassi, temu. 11. Jusbutu (causative to sabatu mngs. as-bat-su you make (the figurine) hold the string in its hands KAR 62 r. 8 (inc.), cf. GUB- to cause to seize someone (cf. 4s qinnassu tu-sd-as-bat-su you make (the figurine) hold its buttocks with its left hand mngs. 1 and 2): i-sd-as-bit-an-ni murussu lemnu sa sibit mamit she (the sorceress) caused her evil plague, a seizure caused by a amlu mudrsu sinnistam us-ta-na-as-bat if a man repeatedly makes a woman hold his penis 1-5) - a) VAT 35:8 (unpub. inc., courtesy Kocher); summa CT 39 45:28 (SB Alu). curse, to seize me BRM 4 18:6 (inc.); utukkcu lemnu tu-sa-as-bi-ta-in-niutukku lemnu lisbat= 2' in order to do work: PN ... alla marra kunui you have let the evil utukku-demon lu z4-a-as-bi-it I had PN (my second son) 37 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 11d sabatu 11g ubilunimma i-sd-as-bi-tu bdbatesin brought the (colossi) in with great difficulty and placed them at its (the palace's) gates OIP 2 118:13, cf. ana erbetti s~ri i-sd-as-bi-ta take up the hoe and the spade VAB 4 62 iii 13 (Nabopolassar), cf.u -Sa-as-bi-it-su-nu-titupsik kdti Unger Babylon p. 284 iii 32 (Nbk.); nir GIS Sa sadddi u-sa-as-bit-su-nu-ti I had them (the captive kings) take up the yoke of the procesla-'-it-su-numu-sas(var. -sd-as)-bi-tu damqd[ti] sigdrsin ibid. 97:85, and passim in Senn., Sar., Esarh., also ibnima salmi[sunu bdb] apsi u-sd-as-[bit] En. el. V 75; remu ekdu ... En. el. VII 81. u-Sd-as-bi-[i]tmaharsu he set up a fierce wild 3' with lisanu in med.: ,izba Samna lisansu DIB-bat (probably to be read tusasbat) you put on his tongue (lit. have his tongue seize) bull in front of it (Ehulhul) BHT pl. 6 ii 15 (Nbn. Verse Account); the fortresses sa ina ahi sional chariot Streck Asb. 84 x 29; rappu milk (and) oil Kiichler Beitr. pi. 8 ii 29, cf. ina samni halsa lisansu DIB-bat isatti i'arru tdmti ... sadruma su-us-bu-tu kima ussi which were lined up along the seacoast in an uninterrupted row TCL 3 286 (Sar.); nag: you put halsu-oil on his tongue, he drinks it gdre ... daldtesu ul-te-es-bi-[tu] the carpenters and vomits ibid. pl. 12 iv 14, also AMT 45,6:14; ina samni balu patan(!) tasaqqils lisdnsu DIBbat NAG KAR 203 iv-vi 25, cf. ibid. 34 and 42, also balu pathn lis nsu DIB-bat CT 14 31 D. T. 136:15, cf. AMT 80,1:14, and passim in med. have hung his doors d) to provide somebody with income, food, etc.: satukkisu ukinma PN ... it-sd-as-bit he established regular offerings and granted them to PN (the administrator of the temple sd-as-bi-su-nu I settled them again in their abandoned cities and houses AKA 298 ii 10, of Samas in Sippar) BBSt. No. 36 i 23 (NB kudurru), cf. [ir]bitelzt [... ] ina Ebabbaramahar d Samasu-sa-as-bit-su AnOr 12 305 r. 1 (NB kudurru), cf. also VAS 1 36 ii 13; kurummati ... ina Kalhi i-sd-as-bit I deported 2,400 of their people and settled them in Calah AKA 362 iii 54, and passim in Asn., also GN ana sihirtisa u-d-as-bit-ma Lie Sar. 215, cf. also Borger Esarh. 107 iv 11; qaqquru bit tara'im: mani lu-sd-as-bit-ku-nu ina libbi siba I will settle you in a territory that pleases you, 17 49:4 (MB let.). f) to occupy a territory, to settle people: alanisunu bitatisunu na-tu-te (for nadute) ialso Scheil Tn. II r. 44, dldni na-tu-te 4-sd-asbi-it ibid. 24; 2400 ummdndtisunu assuha su-us-bit-st-nu-tu provide them (the men) with food (and other necessaries) YOS 3136:20 (NB let.); dtasar attahar GIS.MI 4-sa-as-bit I live there! ABL 541:10 (NA), cf. ina libbi mdtisu u-sd-as-bat-su-nu ABL 252 r. 6 (NA); dldni sa anamassartisa sarribelijau-sd-as-bi- checked (them), took (them) over (and) took them in my care (lit. had them take my protection) ABL 167:12 (NA); [se]nu alpe imm tu the villages which I had (my troops) occupy in order to (make the villagers) do mere ... ritu tabtu 4-sd-as-b[it] I provided fine pasture for herds of cattle and sheep (for the sacrifices and the royal table) Borger Esarh.106 iii 36; with me: dullu ina libbiippuSu' ndratiiherruma me -sa-as-ba-tu-' taptd upatti they will do work there (in the orchard), dig canals and irrigate, (and) cultivate the service for the king, my lord (NB). ABL 275:9 g) to prepare, to undertake work (cf. mng. 5): ak hannima sa-as-bi-it ina libbi dlanisu proceed this way in his towns Tell Halaf No. 1:11 (NA let.); UD.25.KAM nu-s -as-bat UD.26. KAM nippas we will prepare (the ritual) on unbroken land BIN 1 125:8, cf. ibid. 117:12, YOS 6 67:12, YOS 7 162:8 (all NB); with damu: damesunu kima me rati tu-sd-as-bi(var. -ba)ta talbit li you soaked the surroundings of the city with their blood as if with water from a pipe PBS 1/2 44:14 (MB let.), cf. GIS.MA.MES ustebilkitma us-te-es-bi-it BE the 25th and perform it on the 26th ABL 51:10 (NA), cf. annuri i4-d-as-bat ABL 17:7; sarri idi akanna ul su-su-bu-ta-ka the king knows that I am not prepared(?) here (I have no Gdssmann Era IV 34. e) to set up an object (cf. mng. 4a): the crews of the boats that had sunk marsis house or servant) ABL 852 r. 3 (NB); takpirtu ... [ul-sa-as-bi-it ABL 52:9; sis lu-,d-as-bi- 38 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 11h sabatu 12a tu ABL 373 r. 12; with hendiadys: 4-sa-as-bit ... attidin ABL 317:17, tu-sg-as-bat-ma ... tasappar ABL 269:9; with dullu: dullu ... gabbu nu-us-sa-as-bit ABL 117:9 (NA), cf. dullu si [i]a-'-um-ma 4-sd-as-bat e-pu-sa(text -sa)-ak-ki(text -ku) who will undertake this rite for you? ABL 57:18; dullu 4-sa-as-bi-itsu-nu-ti-ma emissuniti tupsikku I put (the people) to work (on Esagil) and had them carry the hod VAB 4 148 iii 23 (Nbk.), cf. meshi lu-sd-as-bit-s-nu-ti YOS 3 97:12 (NB let.); sa alla dullisu atar a-na errese lu(text u)-sdas-bit I will give out to the tenant farmers whatever work is too much for him YOS 3 84:33 (NB let.). h) to light a fire - 1' with girru: bitat qerbisunugirrau-sd-as-bit-ma TCL 3 90 (Sar.), also ibid. 181; ina bitdt qerbisunu girra -sdas-bit-ma ibid. 294; ina bitdtisunu nakldte 30:22, cf. itti alaktim su-ta-a[s-bi-ta]-su-nuti-i-[ma] YOS 2 37:24, ma turdassuniti VAS 16 57:14; mari alim sa ibassi su-ta-as-bi-it-ma collect (all) the natives of the city that are present Sumer 14 33 No. 14:18 (Harmal), cf. summa 3 erbenetim summa 4 erbenetim su-ta-as-bi-tam turdamma ibid. 55 No. 30:11. 3' in Mari - a' referring to people: inan: nama ... epistam kalaa su-ta-as-bu-tum-ma us-ta-sa-ab-ba-atwarkanumma ... epistum s isappahma now I can, with constant effort, keep the whole working crew together, but afterwards (when I leave) this crew will disperse ARM 3 8:16f.; alki bitki su-ta-as-bi-tima leave, gather your household (and come) ARM 2 113:4, cf. ARM 3 5:21; anumma mdri siprim sa GN u-us-ta-as-bi-it-ma attardassunii girra u-sd-as-bit-ma qutursunu usatbima pan same kima imbari u-sd-as-bit (possibly a scribal error for usaship or usaktim) ibid. 261. 2' without direct ref. to fire: kuru DIB-bat you light the kiln cf. also isten taklam kdm ittisu turdamma su-ta-as-bi-ta(!)-su-nu-ti- ti sabam sdti itti mari siprim sa GN su-ta-as- bi-si-nu-ti-ma turussunuti now I have made up a group of messengers from GN and sent them to you, let these troops join the messengers of GN and send them on (together) ZA 36 188:29 (NA chem.); erib-biti TA gizilli abra ina paniunu 4-sd-as- ARM 2 5:17 and 22, cf. ibid. 128:13; itti PN turdam ba-at-ma a person admitted to the temple [su-t]a-as-bi-ta-[su-nu-ti ar]his ... will light the pyre from a torch in front of quickly send (the troops) in a group with PN them (the gods) RAcc. 69:13, cf. gizilla iqda ARM 1 43:8, cf. sabam sa kima Su-ta-a[s-butim ... ] ittija lu-us-ta-as-b[i-it] ibid. 16f., cf. damma itti garakku i-sd-as-ba-at BRM 4 6:16; garakku inaddiu nu-uru-sd-as-bat (the sangid- also ARM 2 21 r. 16', 30 r. 10', ARM 6 14:27, priests) set up a brazier (and) light (text sing.) 46 r. 2', 51 r. 15'; 7 ME sab [... .] 3 ME behrum it (or: lights a lamp?) 1 lim sdbam annem us-ta-as-bi-it-m[a] ... from the seven hundred men [of ... ] and the BRM 4 6:39 (NB rit.). i) in idiomatic use: see mng. 8 s.v. adu, arkatu, harrdnu, kussu, panu, sarratu, t(mu, three hundred elite men, I made up these thousand men ARM 5 1 r. 7'; note biratim ... urhu, ussu. ina sdbimma sa halsika su-ta-as-bi-it-[m]a have (some men) from among your local troops man the fortresses one after the other 12. sutasbutu - a) to collect, to assemble from several sides, to hitch (animals in) a team - 1' in OA: mimma kaspim annim su-ta-as-bi4 -ta-ma collect all this silver BIN ARM 1 20 r. 13'. b' referring to animals: GUD.II.A erisutim 6 55:12; kaspam lu sa PN lu sa rabi sise adi us-ta-sa-ab-ba-at-ma ... aldkika us-ta-sa-ba-at I will scrape the silver together by the time you arrive, either from irrisu I will collect plow-oxen, and they will plow ARM 3 33:10, cf. ARM 1 132:24; 5 epinnetim ina halas Terqa [nu-u8-t]a-as-bi-it we have assembled five plow-teams in the district of GN ARM 2 99:39, ef. ibid. 31. PN or from the rabi sise-official TCL 19 16:17, cf. kaspam 10 MA.NA nu-uS-ta-sa-ba-at-maBIN 4 38:9. 2' in OB: u suhdru sa illikakkum itti alaktim gu-ta-as-bi-ta-ag-gu as to the boy who came to you, let him join the caravan CT 29 4' in lit.: qarrddu u§-te-es-[bi-tal sibittu imhulli the hero hitched the seven evil 39 oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 13a sabatu 12b awilim itti zikarim sanim ina itilim it-ta-asbat if a man's wife is caught lying with another winds in a team RA 46 40 r. ii 9, restored from STT 21:148, cf. RA 46 30:31, restored from STT 21:31 and 22:31 (Epic of Zu), replacing the OB version mustasmidat 7 imhulli man CH § 129:46, cf. ibid. § 132:3, § 158:29, also summa ... la is-sa-bi-it ibid. § 131:73, RA 46 92:75, cf. [assat] awilim ina nidkim is-sa-ba-at the wife of the man will be caught in adultery but note us-ta-as-mid RA 48 147 i 31. b) to cause two people to quarrel (as [...] causative to tisbutu, cf. mng. 9a): YOS 10 47:50 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb), cf. CT 38 50:51 (SB Alu); girseq sa ipparki am.erim (text TA+LA) ba.an.da.ab.te.e [...] du14 am.ma.ga.gg : kildtisina tu-usta-sa-ab-ba-ti [ ... ] ina biritisina saltam i-ta-as-ba-tu-ma the attendants who fled have been captured ARM 2 35:25; i-saab-ba-tu-su [u] Summa is-sa-ba-at-ma [ana] neparim userrebsu they will arrest him, and when he is arrested I will put him in prison tasakkani you cause both of them (the neighbor women) to quarrel with each other RA 24 36 r. 6, see van Dijk La Sagesse p. 92 (OB). ARM 2 102:22, cf. ibid. 25; 1 UR.MAI ina rugbim c) to be assigned work (as passive to susbutu, cf. mng. 1lg): dullu sa kdri mishu sa PN u ahhisu asar ul-ta-as-ba-tu-' the work on the quay, the assignment of PN and his brothers, wherever they have been assigned 'a bit GN is-sa-bi-it a lion was captured on the top floor of a house in GN ARM 2 106:7; ana dId u mdmite la is-sa-ab-bu-u-tu they (the contesting parties) must not be taken to the river ordeal or (made to take any other form of) oath (concerning the jewelry) KAV it VAS 6 84:3 (NB). d) in idiomatic use: see mng. 8 s.v. temu. 1 iii 94 (Ass. Code § 25); sunu li-is-sab-tu-ma 13. nasbutu - a) as passive to sabatu mngs. 1-5 - 1' to be captured, arrested (cf. mng. 2): summa awilum hubtam ihbutma it-taas-ba-at if a man commits a robbery and is caught CH§ 22:25, cf. awilum sa... inakurullim ina musldlim is-sa-ba-tu a man who is caught in broad daylight (in the field of a muskinu) with the (stolen) sheaf Goetze LE § 12:38, cf. sa ina musim ina bitim is-sa-ab-ba-tu ibid. § 13:42, also ibid. § 49 B:5; inima wardum ina ina la id DIB-at the owner of that house will be arrested for (a crime) unknown to him CT 38 41:20 (SB Alu), cf. amelu si ina barti DIB-bat this man will be arrested in a rebellion ibid. 35:53, also BRM 4 23:25 (SB physiogn.), it will be released [a]na kaspim sabtim he will be arrested and is-sa-ba-at ... killed Boissier Choix 184:37, also sa lisdni ina libbi ummdnija GIN.MES-ma DIB-bat-ma idddk a spy moving among my army will be caught and killed ibid. 181:13, cf. also sa lisdni i-sa- ibid. 23; epinnasu ul immer sammisu ul is-sa-ab-ba- MDP 23 282:17 and 19; ERIN [x]-tim u ERIN epistum ana sip[ir] sa KUN.HI.A ID ... is-sa- ab-tu a [...] and work contingent was levied for the work on the storage basins of the ina qdt nakrikununa-sa(var.-as)-bi-tabe captured by your enemies (like an animal caught in a snare) CCT 2 42:11 and 14, cf. at his plow must not be requisitioned, his pasture sheep must not be requisitioned a spy will be caught and killed RA 38 80:11 (OB ext.), etc.; attunu ... 2' to be taken, requisitioned, taken as a pledge, seized or stolen: me qdti innassi i.GI is-sa-bat washwater is brought in, oil is RAcc. 67:12; x taken (before the meal) DUI.A.TA ana SA.GAL alpi sa bit awilim is-saab-tu x dry bran taken for fodder for the oxen sa bit PN i-si-ib-tz-ni annakamalam imhuruma kaspum sa i-si-ib-tiusa ikribiutassar they went here to the city authorities on account of the silver which was seized in PN's house, the silver that was seized was a votive offering- tioned him) TCL 18 90:6 (OB let.); bel biti sudti ba-at-ma [idddk] be caught but I set free AfO 18 294:79. of the chief's house VAS 7 110:5 (OB Dilbat); x gold ana batqa sa diri(?) u sukuttu is-saband the bat taken for the repair of the .... jewelry VAS 6 98:5 (NB); assumi kaspim ... bitim is-sa-ab-tu when the slave was caught in the house (and the city authorities ques- cf. DIB-ma idddk andku lu[tassir(?)] may they (the sorcerers) canals Wiseman Treaties 590; summa aSat 40 LIH 4:7 (OB let.); adi la maskatdta is-sab-ta-' before the pledges are taken YOS oi.uchicago.edu sabatu 13b 3 136:17 (NB let.); sabburitu 1 niru istu biti sa PN is- rdnim na-as-bu-ti-ma MVAG 33 No. 263:3, cf. misu sa ... isti PN na-as-bu-ta-ti-ni KTS 4b:4, isti PN PN, na-sa(sic)-bu-ut BIN 6 269:4, etlum istia ana na-as-bu-tim izzaz Golenischeff No. sa-ab-du-[mi] (he said) one yoke was seized in PN's house HSS 9 8:10 (Nuzi). 3' to be conquered (cf. mng. 3e): dl sarrim illawwi is-sa-ba-at-ma innaqqar a city of the 15:12, na-as-bu-ta-ku-ni MVAG 35 325:46; king will be besieged, taken and destroyed ana annidtim 10 ume ni-si-bi-it-ma on acYOS 10 9:6 (OB ext.), cf. [dl] lawidt ul is-sa- count of this we quarreled ten days ago(?) ab-ba-at ibid. 46 v 15, mdtum lawitum is-sa- TCL 19 44:12; lmam lerubma urram ld-si-bi-it ba-at ibid. 28:1, cf. also dl mat rube DIB-bat if I enter (your house) today, I will get into BRM 4 12:3, also sulhe rube DIB-bat ibid. 1, a quarreltomorrow CCT 5 17b:9; Jummamin annakam andku la a-ta-na-as-ba-at-ma if I and passim in this text, URU.KI DIB-bat-ma YOS had been here, would I not have quarreled all 10 63:3 and 4 (OB ext.); adi sa-ba-at GN mahri jama wasib istu GN it-ta-as-ba-tu he is staying the time (with him)? TCL 4 41:7. with me until Nurrugum is taken, after Nur2' in OB: assum zittisu KI PN ... is-sarugum has been taken (he will leave for GN 2) bi-it he quarreled with PN on account of his Laessee Shemshara Tablets p. 45 SH.915:11, cf. ARM 1 27:9f., ARM 4 61:6. share TCL 1 104:6; PN ina serija is-sa- bi-it-ma u karsZja ana sarrimikul PN became hostile towards me and calumniated me to 4' other mngs.: ana ittu ul is-sab-bat this need not be taken as an ominous sign Thomp- the king son Rep. 236:3; adannusa sulum adi UD.4.KAM ARM 5 75:6. c) as perfect to tisbutu: sinndja sa it-ta- is-sab-ta (the god Mar-biti) made known to me that (your) recovery (will come) within as-ba-ta ... ipti birissinama as to my teeth that were locked together, he opened their grip 8a HAR A.ZI four days ABL 219 r. 2 (NB). Lambert BWL 52:26; summa serdn 5' with ina qdti to be found, said of lost or stolen property, property in illegal possession (cf. mng. 3a): summa wardam su'ati ina bitisu iktaldsu warka wardum ina qdtisu it-taas-ba-at if he detains this (fugitive) slave in his house and later the slave is found in his possession CH § 19:2, cf. (stolen seed or fodder) U A.GUB it-ta-as-ba-tu if the backs of the lungs at the right and the left are interlocked YOS ina qdtisu it-ta-as-ba-at ibid. § 253:81, also (said ul.ul = sa-ba-hu-um OBGT XIII 17, also ibid. XI v 10; [du-u] UL(?) = s[a-ba-'-u(?)] S a Voc. L 1. of an unaccounted for pledge) 10 36 i 50 (OB ext.), ba-tu ibid. 45:75. cf. sa sikkdt seli it-ta-as- sabi'u (sabdhu) v.; to go to war; OB, Mari; cf. sdbu. KAV 6 ii 14 (Ass. Code C § 9), cf. [ina qdtisa] is-sa-bi-[it] KAV 1 i 6 (Ass. Code § 1); lu qdt sa(for sa)- a) in OB lit.: inu sasnis i-sa-ab-ba-4-ma istisu alik go with him when he goes out bit-ti ina qdtisu it-ta-as-ba-tu or if any stolen property is found in his possession TCL 13 to war CT 15 4 ii 17; sirisasa-ba-'-4 her flesh 142:12 (NB), for other refs., see sibittu mng. 4; see sdlu usage a) note as referring to black magic: if a man or a woman practices black magic and ina qdtisunu is-sa-ab-tu (the paraphernalia) are ana dlik sa-bi-e-em u h[arr]dnim damiq (the omen) is favorable for one who goes to war found in their possession Code § 47). 6' in idiomatic use 8 s.v. is ready to go to war (parallel se-lu- sdrassa, VAS 10 214 v 43 (Agusaja); or on a journey PBS 1/2 99 i 12 (smoke omens). KAV 1 vii 3 (Ass. b) in Mari: LT.MES Suti sa-bi the Suteans are on the warpath ARM 6 57:10. with temu: see mng. abburitu adj. fem.; sneering(?); SB*; cf. sabdru A. sahhutitu sab-bu-ri-tu sa ana ipsisa u ruhla b) to grasp one another, to quarrel - 1' in OA: PN u PN2 ina mahirim na-as-bu-ti-ma as PN and PN 2 were quarreling in the market la ularru mamma the .... -one, the sneer- ing(?) one, into whose spells and witchcraft MVAG 35/3 No. 335:3, cf. PN iSti PN 2 ina Fhar 41 oi.uchicago.edu sabitu sabbutitu nobody can gain insight KAR 226 ii 11. Maqlu III 54, dupl. Probably to be connected with sapparri. For the formation, see von Soden GAG § 56o No. 36b. sabbutitu adj. fern.; snatcher; SB*; cf. sabatu. mdmt dMa-nun-galsab-bu-ti-ti the curse of DN, the (female) snatcher Surpu III 77. For the formation, see von Soden GAG § 56o No. 36b. she has brought great shame upon us through her constant blaspheming, she repeats again and again, "The mouth of those who have done the questioning and the mouth of their supporters(?) should be .... the sandqu in line 17) sabiatu s. pl.; wish; OB*; cf. sebi. awilum sa idianni sumsu ittaskar sa-bi-a-tiia ippus anndnum awil sa la idininni asapparsunisimmasa-bi-a-ti-ia ippusu (now that) a man who knows me has been promoted, he will do what I wish, (since) here (other) men who do not know me do what I wish when I give them orders 1:10 and 13. Fish Letters gis.ze.ir.i.kd.e = MIN (= si-ir-ri) a-kil am-ni = sa-bi-bu(var. -bi) (between spade and brick form) Hg. II 93 (comm. to Hh. VII A 168), inMSL 6 110. ana LJ sa-bit S~uI ana BRM 1 99:37. s.; captor, one who apprehends a criminal; OB, MA, MB; cf. sabatu. sabitanu summa wardum ina qdt sa-bi-ta-ni-suihtaliq if a slave escapes from his captor CH § 20:7; anyone who discovers a veiled slave girl may seize her and bring her to the palace gate sa-bi-ta-an-sa TUG.HI.A-8a ilaqqi he who has apprehended her takes her garments a prostitute) lubultasa sa-bi-ta-ds-sa ilaqqi ibid. v 73; ana sa-bi-ta-ni-suappasu lilbimma may he prostrate himself before his captor (and may the latter not accept his supplication) same GI.PISAN dNIN.SIG7 BBSt. No. 6 ii 55 (Nbk. I). adj.; (designation of an official); sabitu MB Alalakh, NB; cf. sabatu. PN LJ sa-bi-ti (in ration list among scribes, [(x) D]UL.KU subat same GI' sa-bi-bi GI. subat PISAN RA 41 p. 35:7, and also [...] ibid. 15 (LB lit.). palace weavers, etc.) JCS 8 p. 11 No. 159:4 (MB Alalakh); 30 siLA PN u LU sa-bi-tu4 VAS Probably two different words. For the lex. passage, see siru C lex. section. 653:19 (NB). sabibu see zdbibu. s.; (an official); NA*; S sabitu cf. s. fem.; gazelle; from OB on; pl. sabdtu; wr. syll. and MAS.DA. A I/6:94f.; ma-s MAS = sa-bi-tum, bu-lum [ma-as] MAS = sa-bi-tu Idu 1I 5; ma-as-da MAS.DA = sa-bi-tum A 1/6:126; mas, mas.da = sa-bi-tu (followed by daisu gazelle buck, and uzalu gazelle kid) Hh. XIV 151f.; [kus].mas.da = ma-sak sa-bi-tum Hh. XI 39; mus.mas.da = sa-bi-tum "gazelle-snake" Hh. XIV 32. mas.da bi.ib.sar.re : sa-bi-ta ukasiad he (the tenant of the field) will drive away gazelle(s) Ai. IVi 31; mas.da gid.da.bi hu6b.mi.ni.ib. sa-bit GESTIN.MES their (referring to maskuru, wine skins) leather bags(?) belong to the "wine receivers(?)" GIN KU.BABBAR KAV 1 v 93 (Ass. Code § 40), cf. (referring to (or zabibu) s.; (a wooden object); KUS.SAL.MES-2-nU s.; helper; NB*; cf. sabdtu. sabit qate For other refs. to sabit qdte, see sabdtu mng. 8 s.v. qdtu. sabi see zabi. sabit karani sabatu. TCL 18 135:18 (let.). Possibly to be corrected to sa-bi-it qd(text pu)-ti-su-nu. UD.29.KAM Sa ITI MN sabbutu see subbutu. " (either li-ni-ik as IV/1 of naku, or li-<is>-ni-iq in a pun on 6 Zimmern, ZA 30 191 n. 6. sabibu SB.* pi-su-nu u pi-i sa-bi-it pu-ti-su-nu li-ni-ikl/q Tell Halaf 14:12. sabit piti s.; supporter(?); OB*; cf. sabdtu. ina rutes~m qaqqadni mddi uqtallil kEiam iqtanabbi umma 'ima §a(!) anniam is(!)-ni-qi 42 oi.uchicago.edu sabitu sabitu x.[x] (x is not sar as expected) : sa-ba-a-tuina sid-di-si iltanas[suma] gazelles were running about within its (the destroyed temple's) bounds(?) SBH p. 92b: 22f. ar-mu-u = sa-bi-tum Malku V 42. nirhi andku Asalluhi sabsaku amahharka rush to me like a gazelle, slip to me like a little snake (addressing the child in the womb), I, DN, am a midwife (and) will receive you KAR 196 r. i 2 (SB inc.); [lu]-U salldta kima a) in hist. and lit.: dEn[kidu ibri umm]aka sa-bi-ti (var. MAS.DA) Enkidu, my friend, ar-me-i DUMU.MAS.DA sleep like a buck born your mother was a gazelle Gilg. VIII 3, see JCS 8 92; itti MAS.DA.MES-ma ikkala sammi cf. ital kima sakri nahir sd- <ri>-is kima of a gazelle AMT 96,2 i 2'+K.9171 and ibid. 11', Gilg. I iv 24, cf. kima sirrime MAS.DA sera DUMU.MAS.DA sleep like a drunkard, snore .... -ly like the offspring of a gazelle Craig ABRT 2 8 r. iii 4 (inc. to quiet a child); kima Su: muqan irh bulsu lahra immersa MAS.DA arma-sd (var. AMAR) atana mirSa just as DN impregnates his cattle, her ram the ewe, her rupda roam the field like a wild ass or a buck the gazelle, her donkey the she-ass gazelle! Wiseman Treaties 421; armi MAS. DA.MES siru ibarramma the snake catches mountain goats and gazelles Bab. 12 pl. 1:22, also MAS.DA.MES ~s EDIN AfO 14 pl. 9 i 20 (SB Maqlu VII 25; for the horns of the gazelle, see MIO 1 72 r. iv 7, sub ederu usage a-2'; for MUS.MAS.DA, see seru B mng. le. Etana), cf. [ar]-mu sa-bi-tu4 apsasd nimru measure of barley) for gazelle fodder kisa[riqqu] CT 22 pl. 48 r. 6 (SB lit.), see BoSt 6 86; madbar ... Sa ... sirrime MAS.DA.MES 18 254:11 (Enkidu) eats grass along with the gazelles Gilg. I ii 39 and iv 3; imurasuma dEnkidu irappuda MAS.DA.MES when the gazelles saw Enkidu, they ran about (in the open country) b) in econ.: 1 SA.GAL sa-bi-i-ti one (parizu(OB Alalakh); JCS 8 k1 massarti lapani la irte<ne>'d ina libbi the desert where no sirrimi u sa-bi-ti la ittasar if he does not keep watch for wild ass(es) and gazelle(s) (in the wild asses or gazelles graze Streck Asb. 70 viii 89, cf. sirrime MAS.DA.MES umdm Seri mala field) basil parganis usarbisaqerebsun I made (the formerly cultivated fields) a pasture for wild asses, gazelles, and all kinds of wild animals ibid. 58 vi 104; sirrime MAS.DA.MES wild asses, gazelles (deer, bears, etc., I gathered in Calah) AKA 203 iv 42, also KAH 2 84:127 (Adn. II), cf. (in a list of game killed) AKA 141 iv 25 (Tigl. I); 500 MAS.DA.MES (for a royal banquet) Iraq 14 35:110 (Asn.); anassikunAsi akarrabkunisi AMAR.MAS.DA (=uzala) ella DUMU.MAS.DA I am approaching you carrying as an offering a pure gazelle kid, born of a gazelle BBR No. 100:13, cf. ibid. 14 (SB tdamtu), but note DuMU MAS.DA (beside MAS.DA, referring to a variety of gazelle) ADD 777 r. 5, see AfO 18 341:16; MAS.DA dUN.GAL Nibruki the gazelle is the Lady of Nippur PBS 10/4 12 ii 28, also LKU YOS 7 156:20, cf. ibid. 10 (NB), cf. Ai., in lex. section. c) in omen texts: summa lahru MAS.DA ulid if a ewe gives birth to a gazelle CT 27 22:14 (SB Izbu); Summa MAS.DA ana abulli iqribamma if a gazelle comes up to the city gate CT 40 43 r. 5, cf. r. 1ff. (SB Alu), also CT 28 34 K.7036 passim (SB Izbu); summa immeru sikitti MAS.DA sakin if the (sacrificial) lamb looks like a gazelle CT 31 30:9, and dupls., see AfO 9 120, cf. summa nahir MAS.DA sakin if he has gazelle nostrils CT 28 28:23 (physiogn.), summa izbu KA MAS.D A akin CT 27 40:15 (SB Izbu); mazzaz MAS.DA YOS 10 52 iv 5 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb). d) as decoration on vessels: 10 GAL SAG MAS.DA KU.BABBAR ten gazelle head (shaped) silver cups ARM 7 239:13', cf. ibid. 265:19', also sa-bi-ti (referring to golden vessels) EA 25 ii 1, also 2 ruqqui a sa-bi-ti (beside 2 ruqqi Sa puhAdi) HSS 14 608:1. 45:4; surbiba sa-ba-a-ti niha harrdnti quiet down, gazelles! rest, roads! BA 5 691:7 (to Gilg. V?); nindabdsu MAS.DA elleta ana inbi his food offering is a pure gazelle for the Fruit (i. e., Sin) 4R 33* i 3 (hemer. for the first day of e) in med.: u arzallu : AS kib-si MAS.DA gazelle dung Uruanna III 70; nabdsa sger'adn MAS.DA alu zikaru istenil tetemmi you spin together red wool, gazelle sinew, and "male" the month), also ibid. 32 i 3, and dupl. K.2514: 2, also K.7079+ :3; lusma kima MAS.DA nerruba kima 43 oi.uchicago.edu **sabitu sabtu rush AMT 103:14, cf. ibid. 104 iii 13, 102:24, 20,1 r. 30, and dupl. CT 23 42:17, also AMT 20,1 r. 33, 7,1:11, also, wr. SA.MUD (= ser'anu eqbi) tendon from the hock of a gazelle MAS.DA AMT 69,9:4, 91,3:8 and RA 18 22 ii 10, SA MAS. DA Sa NITA U SAL KAR 194 i 6; Sir MAS.DA gazelle meat AMT 27,8:5, also AMT 33,3:11, 100,2:5, KAR 202 r. iii 4; LIPIS MAS.DA gazelle KAR 188:18; lipi kursinni MAS.DA heart marrow from the leg of a gazelle AMT 16,1:3, AMT 14,3:9, cf. .UJDU GIR.PAD.DU MAS.DA malak MAS.DA KAR 182 r. 15, AMT 49,6 r. 4, 33,3:13, 99,3:11, (for a bandage) KAR 209:8; qanni sa-bi-ti turrar tasdk (with) false words KUB 3 14:8 (treaty), see Weidner,BoSt 8 76, cf. mannummeamatamimma sa-bur-ta u lemutta ana muhhi RN la uba'a KBo 1 1 r. 31 and 32; for a similar ref., see saburtu; a-wa-te.ME sa-bu-ur-ta [an]a muh: hija la tuwassar you must not let (people speak) falsehoods against me EA 158:30 (let. of Aziri), cf. ibid. 23, also mind amata aspurassunuti KBo 1 10:29 (let.). 8a-bur-ta c) other occ.: tasteni'd ruhe sab-ru-ti you (sorcerers and sorceresses) always seek tricky spells against me Maqlu V 121. The adj. sabru, usually referring to words or plans, has to be connected with mussabru, you char (and) bray a gazelle horn KUB 37 55 iv 24; A.GAR. GAR MAS.DA (= piqdn sabiti?) gazelle dung (lit. pellets) AMT 73,1:21, 100,2:5, and passim, referring to persons as speaking false or hypocritical words. Only in the Bogh. Lu and in EA is sabru used of persons. As the parallelisms with lemutta in KBo 1 used for fumigation, in med., (beside qabit (MARUN) alpi cow manure) CT 23 43 K.2611:3, and passim; note kima A.GAR.GAR MAS.DA qutursa libli Maqlu V 50; note also [A].GAR. GAR MAS.DA sC EDIN dung of a wild gazelle RA 18 25 i 15. f) 1 r. 31f., and with upsse la tabuti in Maqlu indicate, the meaning of sabru was very close to that of lemnu and masku, and this is also the meaning associated with it in the lex. passages. See also discussion sub sabaru A. qaqqar bdsi in sinni sabiti (a stone): von Soden, Or. NS 20 158ff. puqutti u NA 4 Zu MAS.DA in land (full) of sand, thistles and "gazelle-tooth" stones Borger sabru B (fem. saburtu) adj.; squinting; OB, MB (as a personal name only); cf. sabaru A. Esarh. 56 iv 55, see Landsberger, ZA 37 76f. Landsberger Fauna 100. **sabitu lu.igi. SID = [sal-ab-rum OB Lu B v 4; l.igi. bal = sa-[ab-ru] 5R 16 ii 64 (coll.), for another restoration see zaqtu adj. lex. section. (Bezold Glossar 235b) see sapitu. sabru A (fem. saburtu) adj.; false, malicious; Bogh., EA, SB; cf. sabdru A. mSa-ab-rum Grant Smith College 253:23, YOS 8 29:3, VAS 13 30:10 and 98:3, note Sa-abri-ia YOS 8 120:22 (all OB), also PBS 2/2 136:5, and passim in MB, see Clay PN p. 134f.; fSabur-tum BE 15 190 iv 4 and v 27 (MB). hu-ul HUL = lemnu, masku, ziru, sa-ab-r[u] Diri II 132ff.; hu-ul HUL = sa-ab-rum, lemnu, masku Idu I 65ff.; hul.dub = sa-ab-ru (var. za-ma-nu) (in group with lemnu, maslu) Erimhus V 65; sag.hul = lem-nu, mas-ku, sa-ab-ru, zi-ru, sag. hul.gal = KI.MIN (i.e., the same four equivalents) Kagal B 171ff.; ka.hul = pi lemnu, pi masku, pit sa-ab-rum, pu zi-rum Izi F 322ff.; [lu.nig.hul] lu-ni-hu-ul (pronunciation) = lemnu, maslcu sa-abru, zd-e-ru KBo 1 30:15ff. (Lu App.); [lu-ga] PA.GkN-tenu = si-il-la-tum blasphemy, sa-ab-ru-um Proto-Diri 288-288a. sabru see zabru. sabtu (fem. ssabittu) adj.; 1. prisoner, captive, 2. seized, held, deposited; from OA, OB on, Akkadogram in Bogh.; wr. syll. and DIB; cf. sabdtu. OB Lu A u1.dab.ba = sa-ab-tum, ka-mu-l 377 f., and ibid. Part 1:6f.; da-abDIB = sa-na-qu ds to interrogate, referring to a prisoner LUT.DIB = bi-ir-ka sa-abNabnitu N 104; du o.dab.ba 0 rta-tum] (followed by birka ussuratu) paralyzed knees Kagal I 323; na 4 .ka.gi.na dab.ba = sd-da-nu sa-bi-tu4 "captive" hematite Hh. XVI 7, for other refs., see saddnu. a) said of persons: see KBo 1, in lex. LU .MES sa-ab-ru-tim (in broken section; context) EA 43:4. b) said of words: ana Azira qadu matisu amata sa-bu-ur-ta mamma ul ishurassu nobody plotted against RN and his country 44 oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabtu 1. prisoner, captive - a) in omen texts: sa-ab-tum u-si-i the prisoner will escape cording to the deposited tablet KAJ 122:5 (MA), cf. tuppa sa-bi(wr. over ab)-ta iddan RA 27 149:6 (OB ext.); DIB.MES nakri tumassar KAJ 104:7, and see sabatu mng. 3i. you will release the enemy prisoners CT 20 sabu adj.; dyed; NB*; cf. sabu. 1 TUG sa-bu-u YOS 7 183:10. 28 K.219+:14, cf. DIB.MES-Ut [nakri BAR.MES] ibid. 11 K.6393:10, also nakru DIB.MES.MU U andku [DIB.MES nakri umassar] ibid. 9 and 11; DIB-tU 4 sibitta ibbalakkit escape from the prison sabu (sapu) v.; 1. to soak, irrigate (a field), to flood, to flow out, 2. to bathe, soak (an object), 3. subbu to soak (a field); OB, MB, the prisoner will CT 31 20:23; sab-tu ina ekalli ibassi there will be a prisoner in the SB, NB; I isbu - isabbu - sabu and sapi, palace CT 20 35 ii 15 (all SB ext.). 1/3, II; cf. musabbiu, nasbu, sabu adj., sabi, b) in lit.: let the sick get well, the fallen rise kasi lisir sab-tu lita8sir the fettered go sibdtu B, sipu A, subZtu. free, the captive be freed Surpu IV 74, cf. sabta la umassiru ibid. II 29, ana sa-ab-ti sa-batsu-ma ... iqbi concerning a prisoner he said, "Hold him captive!" ibid. 31; [sab]-tu umasg gis.gestin.sur.ra u.me.ni.sh.h : karani sahti su-bu-<um -ma water(?) the "drawn wine" ! KAR 42 r. 12f. 1. to soak, irrigate (a field), to flood, to flow out - a) to soak, irrigate (a field) - 1' in saru kasa ipattaru they release the captured, OB: ana eqel URU GN sa-bi-im qdtam astakan undo the fetters of the bound KAR 321:1 (SB), cf. LU sa-ab-te KAR 143+219:39, see ZA 51 136 (cultic comm.), cf. also TA E LU sa-ab[te] JRAS 1931 111:5, see ZA 51 153; imuru; suma DINGIR.MES sab-tu-tu the captive gods looked upon him PSBA 30 80:6; MUSEN DIB- I began irrigating the field of GN Fish Letters No. 16:5; eqlum mala Sipram epsu u me sa- tu 4 lumassir (on the fourth day) he should bu-u as much field as has been worked and soaked with water YOS 2 151:9, cf. sipri sullu[m]u ana eresimma natu [u] me sa-bu-u the work (on the fields) is completed, they are fit for plowing and are soaked with water release a caged bird KAR 177 r. iii 35, cf. KAR 178 r. iv 22 (SB hemer.). three bur is irrigated (parallel eris plowed ibid. 19; c) in other contexts: LU.MES sa-ab-du-ti (corresponding to LtU.SU.DIB.BI.HI.A) KUB 14 11 ii 28, and passim in this text, see Goetze, K1F 1 210 and 227; summa LU sa-ab-ta isabbas: suma upazzar if he catches a (fugitive) prisoner and hides (him) KUB 3 21:6; BIN 1 49:1 (NB let.); sab-tu sa to close up the Takkiru Canal (let.). PBS 1/2 57:30 to flood (Mari only): nahlum ... 1 ME of the palace are safe) ARM 6 3:11, cf. nahlurm ... eqlam ... is-bu u utir the wadi flooded the field but withdrew (its water) ibid. 2:9, also nahlum Sa GN daluwatim is-bu ibid. 3:16. inaE.GUR7 (!) ibid. 59; abu sa PN sab-tu PN's father is a prisoner ABL 1341:10 (NB). c) to flow out (only med.): summa A. is-sa-na-bu-t sinatisu tabdka la ile if his intestines function (lit. flow out) conME S- 2. seized, held, deposited: why did you not inform me whether you or somebody else seized the silver [a]na kaspim sa-ab-tim [sa alam] imhurini [...] the seized silver for which they approached the city authority sa pi tuppi sa-bi-te TCL 17 5:17 (all letters). GAN eqlam sa muskinim is-bu the wadi (of GN) flooded one hundred iku of arable land belonging to the royal subjects (but the fields isabbatu la tapattara' do not release the prisoner they are going to imprison CT 22 23:9 (NB let.); PN LU sab-tu sa ina muhhi kiri PN, the prisoner in charge of the kiln AnOr 9 8:52 (NB), cf. PN nappdh siparriLU sab-tu sa CCT 2 42:23 (OA); 3 BUR sa-a-pi a field of 2' in MB: slra ana sa-pe-e-ma Takkira ana sekeri to let water into the reed bed and b) IM LU Urukajasab-tu-tu a letter from the imprisoned Urukeans line 18) eqlum ... ac45 stantly but he cannot urinate Labat TDP 124:20. 2. to bathe, soak (an object) - a) with ina referring to the liquid: TUG tubbukltusa sipdti ina meta-sa-bu you soak woollen rags(?) in water KAR 198:16, cf. tahapa ina libbi oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu = MIN (= il-[la-tu]) s[a-bi] Antagal E b 23; il-du §I.KU.DU.ERIN = il-la-at ERfN.ME, pi-qit-ti ERfN. ME§ Diri II 95f., pa-li-lum SI.KU.DU.ERfN = il-la-at sa-bi-im, pi-qi-it-ti sa-bi-im Proto Diri 104b and c; ama.erin.na = MIN (= um-ma-[tu]) sa-b[i] Erimhus II 59, cf. [...] = [u]m-ma-at ERIN Imgidda to Erimhus A (CBS 328) r. 3'; AGAu-ku-u8US = MIN (re-du-u) sd ERfN.ME to lead, said of soldiers Antagal F 263; [sag-du-du] [LAGABx ITA-teni] = [MIN] (= ta-ha-zi) sd ERIN.ME§, [ma]-ha-su sd MIN A I/2:338f.; dub.sar.erin.na = tup-sar [s]a-bi Lu I 141b, GiR.NITA.erin = [sak-ka-nak-ku sa-bi] Lu II ii 22, GiR.NITA.eri[n sa.gi4 .a] = [MIN MIN ... ] ibid. 23, cf. GiR.NITA.erin, GiR.NITA erin.sa.gi4 .a Proto-Lu 428f.; erin.su, erin. sag, erin.sag.ga = ERIN.MES be-e-ru selected team Lu II iii 5'ff., preceded by [erin.ba]r.ra, erin.zi.zi, erin.suv = [...] ibid. 1'ff.; erin. da. l = ERIN.ME til-la-ti boat towing team ibid. ta-sab-bu AMT 61,2:3; ina m ena-al-[pa]-tisa pahhdri qdteka ta-sab-bu you soak your hands in the liquid slip(?) used by the potter KAR 202 i 33. b) with the liquid in the acc.: you wrap your finger in a piece of linen MUN ta-sab-bu suburraSu ta-kar you dip (it) in salt and wipe his rectum Kichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 48, cf. (in broken contexts) [... ] ta-sab-bu [... ] sinnesu ikappar AMT 28,2:5, [...] i-sab-bu pdsu adi [...] AMT 85,1 K.6586 line b, [...] i+GIS ta- sab-bu AMT 85,1 iii 7; note: 8 zabbil sa itti sa-bu-4 eight baskets soaked in (or: painted with) bitumen Nbk. 433:7; sikkat lilissi ... SE.GiN ZALAG.GA ta-sap-pi-ma tu-ta-ri you soak (or: paint) the drumsticks of the kettle- 8', erin.santag KAR 60 r. 11, drum in white paint and .... see RAcc. p. 22. 3. subbi to soak (a field): assum eqel GN si-bi-im as to the soaking of the field of GN CT 29 5a:6 (OB let.), cf. li-sa-bi-ma liris ibid. 17; ndru sa dSama sa PN ... [...] Camb. 19:2. i4-sa-ab-bu-u (in broken context) The nuance "to paint" is attested only rarely (see mng. 2b) and in contexts in which "to soak (in a liquid)" is not excluded. The passage 4 = ERfN.ME sa-an-tdk-ki regular team ibid. 9', erin.sag.gi 4 .a = mu-ir sa-bi, re-' sa-bi (Sum.) team in readiness = (Akk.) foreman of the team, shepherd of the team ibid. 11'f.; erin. dah = na-ra-ru-ut ERIN.MES Erimhus I 204; erin.ha.ra.kal = [sab halsi] Nabnitu XXIII 270; [t]a-ab TAB = sa-bu [x x] A 11/2 Part 3 iii 16. erin.e kalam.e he.si.li.NE : sa-bu i ma-tum dalilika idallalu people and country will sing your praise Genouillac Kich 2 pl. 3 C 1 r. 19f. hu-up-Si = ERIN.MES [x] RA 17 140 K.4229:12 (Alu Comm. to Tablet LXXIV?); ERfN.MES sa-bi pi-ta-te EA 166:4. Labat TDP 124:20 (see mng. a) in OAkk. and Ur III - Ic) should not be linked to a Syr. term for purging (Lambert BWL p. 332 note to line 28), which is not otherwise attested in Akk. The verb and all its derivatives show b as well as p as second radical although only the former is etymologically (Syr. seba') indicated. 1' in hist.: 54,000 ERIN (Akk.: 54,000 GURUS) RISA 110 v-vi 35. 2' in econ.: Barton 3 GURUS sa-bi-u gi-nu-tum three regular workers Kish 1930, 559a (unpub., cited MAD 3 242); erin.e su.ba.ti the team has received (x sheep carcasses) Landsberger, MSL 1 255, JNES 8 276 n. 90 and p. 279; Ebeling, MAOG 15 126. No. 7:3, cf. x carcasses JCS 10 29 a-na sa-bi-im ibid. No. 8:11, and see Sollberger, ibid. p. 20; for Ur III, see Falkenstein Gerichtsurkunden 3 index p. sabfi see sebi. 109, Eames Coll. pp. 3, 17f., 27f. and 165, see add: erin.lugal ITT 3683:3, gurus.erin Pinches Amherst 84 r. 14, nu.banda.erin EamesColl. KK26:10, erin.gir.se.ga Contenau Umma 109:5. sabu s. masc.; group of people, contingent of workers, troop of soldiers, army, people, population; from OAkk. on; mostly used as a collective, pl. sabu, for sabiu (OAkk.) see discussion, stat. const. sab and sabi; wr. also ibid. index s. v. gurus, b) in OA: (they took me to the door of the god) IGI 5 sa-bi-im kaspam isbutu and seized cf. abi sdbi, sab qdte, sab sarri, sb-arrutu, the silver in the presence of a group of five sabt'u, sadbu in rabi sdbi. syll. and (LI.)ERIN, ERIN.MES, ERIN.HI.A; men e-rin (var. e-ri-im) ERIN = sa-bu S b II 294 and Ea II Excerpt 23'; e-ri-en ERIN = sa-bu Ea II 228; CCT 4 14a:17; 5 sa-bu-um ebaruttini Sa padukannika ina bitini istattiuni our group of five colleagues that used to drink your pa: sa-bu ERiN = sa-bu Ea II 229; SI.KU.DUPa-al-lilERIN 46 oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu dukannu-beer in our house CCT 4 38c:5 (let.), cf. 5 sa-ba-am ahiitim CCT 5 3a:30. DUMU.MAR.TU UCP 9 349 No. 22 r. 20 (let.); kima ana bitat ERIN Kasi itebru when they c) in OB - 1' in gen.: su'ati zerasu massu crossed over to the encampment ERIN-U nis Zu u ummansu himself (the king), Kassites his family, his country, his people (with) women and children, as well as his army Suhum Sa ina Zimbirk i wasbu CH xliv 79, and cf. sa-bu u matum Kich 2 pl. 3 C 1, in lex. section; Genouillac list of the hired men from Suhu that live in Sippar ina ERIN. PBS 13 56:1; ME -- ku-nu isten awilam elteqi I took one man from your group TCL 17 12:7 (let.); ina ERIN KA.E.GAL NIG.SU PN awile Sa hibiltam is~ma SA ERIN.E.DINGIR.DIDLI from among men from various temples Jean Sumer et Akkad 204:8, 203:7; three men SA ERIN. MES I.dUTU from among the personnel of the temple of Samas CT 8 8b:12, also ERIN.HI.A from among the palace-gate personnel that are under the jurisdiction of PN, (compensate) those (individual) men that have suffered damages of the PBS 7 94:10 (let.), cf. ERIN KasSi BE 6/2 136:14 and 18; qdti ERIN.HUN.GA E.DINGIR.RI.E.NE OECT 3 61:9 (let.); 5 ERIN. HI.A GiR.SE.GA dNergal sa Maskan-abra TCL 18 113:12; 3 ERIN SA ERIN KA.E.GAL LIH 103:4 (let.); ERIN-Um §a ana senim baqdmim saknanniasim the men who have been assigned to us for the plucking three of the sheep LIH 25:12; (after seven names) 7 ERIN.HI.A SU.GI seven witnesses TCL 1 132:8; PN u 6 ERIN mdri Hanatki PN abullatim 10 ERIN sa-bu-um sa abullatim inassaru ul mad as to the men of the city quarters, ten men are not too many to do and six men, natives of Hanat (as witnesses) CT 4 1:14 (let.); piqittu a ERIN.MES issakimma eqlum ana sabatim ibassi the assignment of people has been made and there service at the gates TCL 18 77:7f., cf. ERIN. KA.GI.A UCP 9 348 No. 22:12 and 16 (let.); ERIN ul ipturma [ul] allikamma the team did not disband and I could not come TCL 1 30:7, cf. ibid. 5; itti ERIN.HI.A sa imuttu napistaka men from among the palace-gate personnel are fields to be taken over TCL 18 86:5, cf. ERiN-um Sa qat PN eqletim ul sutamld the LIH No. 17:15; u sa-bu-um sa (you will have to answer) with your life for any of the team that may die (because of persons under the jurisdiction of PN have not been provided with fields TCL 7 25:5, also ERIN-am ... Sutamliasuniiti ibid. 8; ERiN-um Si la ulappatam this contingent must not tarry LIH 23 r. 5 (let.), cf. ina ERiN-im Sa qdtika ERIN-am luputma LIH your negligence) PSBA 1911 pl. 41:13 (= VAB 6 1) (let.); see also add, bihru, emuqu mng. 45:9f. (let. of Hammurapi). 2' composition: ERIN.MES URU.DIDLI.BIki men from various towns CT 29 17:8 (let.), cf. istu ERIN Urukki illakunim UCP 9 363 No. 29:18 (let.); PN SAERIN GN PN, from among the people of GN PBS 7 101:11 (let.); ERIN Dilbatk i VAS 7 183 vi 26, ERIN Rababiki BIN 2 77:3, ERIN Numhum VAS 16 190:10 and 33, etc.; (flour for) ERIN.HI.A LI Urukki sa itti PN UGULA.MAR.TU Uruki ana Larsan illikinim the contingent from Uruk that came to Larsa with PN, the overseer of the 2b-2', epistu mng. 3, itbartu, kakku, kasimu, kullizu, massar erbi, qastu, sadb, sdid aslim, ummatu, zabbilu B, zdrd B, etc., and note that this list does not include professions that appear beside ERIN in lists of persons who are qualified by both ERIN and their profession; summa lu PA.PA u lu laputtum ERIN nishdtim irtasi if a PA.PA or a laputtu-officer has deserters (in his contingent) CH § 33:41, see Landsberger, JCS 9 124f.; 90 ERIN sA ERIN um matim ninety men from the regular army LIH No. 36:4, cf. ERIN prisoners Amorites in Uruk PSBA 39 pi. 8 No. 21:2; iniima ERIN.HI.A Jamutbalum ina Maskan- ummatim TCL 1 1:27 (both letters), and cf. ummat sabi Erimhus II 59, in lex. section; naphar 12 ERIN asirum x ERiN SU.BAR 2 ERIN UGx(BE) all together, twelve (of war), x men released, two TCL 10 122:18ff.; UGx PN ERIN men dead asirum awilZimbirk i KASKAL PN, EN.NU PN3 NIG.SU PN4 INIM.TA PN5 ... GiR PN, dead: sabra ana harrdn Esnunna iphuru on the occasion when the people of GN assembled in GN 2 for a journey to GN 3 TCL 10 54:6; ERIN PN (from among) the prisoners, a native 47 oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu of Sippar, gang of PN 2 , guard PN3, jurisdiction PN 4, order of PN5, acting official PN 6 lists of ERIN contingents with names, see BA 5 491 No. 12 r. 6, PBS 8/2 227:30, VAS 7 134:30, TCL 10 85:2, cf. ibid. 135:2; ana PA.PA.MES VAS 9 79:14, and passim; note 4990 ERIN PN sunuti assum ERiN.MES-Ju-nu samddimma 660 ERIN PN 2 UGULA PN 3 BIN 7 216:If. ana durim sulim as(text at)-ta- <pa>-ar-su3' organization: ERIN kaluu sa spirijama nu-si-im-ma I sent a message to these commanders concerning fitting out their contingent and manning the walls VAS 16 the entire group belongs exclusively to my governor TCL 18 128:8, also ibid. 15 (let.); ina GN x men from the fortress from among the Zimbirki ERiN-am a satrusun'sim isahhuru they will look in Sippar for the men that have been assigned to them in writing TCL 18 prisoners taken in Isin Speleers Recueil 250:2; ERIN birtim fortress contingent LIH No. 88:14, cf. ERiN birti GN ibid. 56:9 and 21; ana qabe mannim 4 ERiN UKU.US tapad on whose 91:10 (let.); PN ka-du-um ERiN-Ju wasib PN lives (there) with his men TCL 18 128:21 (let.); awile sunuti qadu ERiN-sU-nU CT 29 16:15 (let.); ERIN.II.A ahidtim sa ibassu bell zdzam iqbima orders have you put in fetters a group of four my lord has ordered the distribution of what redd-soldiers? CT 29 22:13, cf. ibid. 8 and 16 (let.); ERIN.HI.A ina tuppim labirim ana extra men there are 190:17 (let.); x [...] ERiN.MEs birtim SA sallat ERIN bahrim sat[ru] the men are listed in the ence for scattered men who are not under old roll as an elite troop UET 5 62:16f.; ERIN KA.SIR LUGAL BIN 2 77:4, also UCP 9 345 No. 20 r. 14, ibid. 348 No. 22:7 and 19, also ERIN LUGAL BE 6/2 89:18, 9 SIMUG.MES ERIN. BANDA LUGAL YOS 5 151:6f.; barley to feed ERIN GI.iL basket carriers VAS 16 162:5, cf. 12 ERfN.LU.GI.ZI.KUD.DA twelve reed cutters BRM 3 22b:1; 20 ERIN laputtu-officers and foremen BIN 7 6:6; ina pani DAH.MES ERIN GN iskununinni they have placed me over the replacement contingent of GN PBS 7 77:15 (let.), cf. ERIN.DIRI. MES additional contingent UCP 9 364 No. 30:6, 8 and 17, also ERIN U DIRI TCL 10 112:4; ERIN.SI.SA regular contingent UCP 9 327 No. SE.KIN.KUD.MES twenty harvest workers (under an YOS 2 92:11, cf. ibid. 14 8a NU.BANDA.MES i UGULA.MES la izzizuma the field for subsist(let.); sukussi ERIN.DIDLI ugula) 2:7 (all letters); 10 ERiN 10 DAH ... 8a sibu u Grant Smith College 263:16, also Frank Strassburger Keilschrifttexte 23:1, VAS 7 58:1, 60:9, sihru la ibassu a group often men (and) ten replacements, none of whom are either too old and passim, note ERIN.MES esidi VAS 7 133:27; or too young SA ERIN.MA.NI.DUB Jean Sumer et Akkad 183:3 and r. 1, of. LIH No. 75:8 (let.), and see naspaku, "cargo boat"; ERIN GIS.BAN TCL 7 22:7 (let.), 412 ERIN.HI.A U ERiN.LU.DIB.MES AJSL 33 225 No. 8: f., ERIN LI.A.BAL TCL 1 174:6ff.; ERIN.SI.NI (= Sukurrim) UCP 9 354 No. 25:5, ERIN.SA.GUD TCL 7 77:17, cf. ERIN sa E.SA.GUD UCP 9 354No. 25:7 (coll.); send (a list UNKIN.NA VAS 13 23:1; awelum GAL. ERiN.KA.E.GAL ana ERIN.MES id dalhanni the honorable commander(?) of the palace personnel has embarrassed me (by his demand) for personnel (take, therefore, and bring all your people) PBS 7 121:1, cf. VAS 7 60:3; tupsar ERIN EN.NU E.GAL the scribe of the guard contingent of the palace OECT 3 25:10 (let.), cf. tupsar ERIN VAS 16 66:11 and r. 14, TCL 1 164:22, TCL 7 25:3; ERIN-am ap2 of names follows) 3 SA UGULA PN 4 SA mare issakki 8 ERIN sa litika sa ana mazzastisunu sitasunu liskunuma they should assign the la illikunim three from those under the overseer PN, four from among the issakkufarmers, eight of the contingent that is under your command, (all those) that have not crew in contingents TCL 7 19:9 and ibid. 16; redi ERiN.A.SA sa ana sipir libbi eqlim istu (yet) gone to perform their duty LIH 42:26 (let.); 3 ERIN.MES Sa tassuhu the contingent of three that you levied TCL 17 15:22 (let.); 16 ERIN.I.A isihunimma they have assigned sixteen men to me TCL 18 113:17 (let.); for the adscript serfs whom the king had assigned long ago to do work within (that) field, (who) are under my responsibility, for labirtisarrum iddinu sa qdtija Junu ana eqlisu itbalsunuti he took away the soldiers (and) his own field abi sdbi. 48 PBS 7 116:19 (let.); see also oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu d) in Chagar Bazar, Mari and OB Alalakh -1' in Chagar Bazar: NiG.DU 2770 sa- PN qadum sa-bi-su (parallel: PN 2 qadu niszsu bi-im rations for 2770 men Iraq 7 62 A 926:4, cf. NiG.DU sa-bi-im sa halas GN ibid. 6. bihru, birtu, epistu, nihrdru, taqribtu, terditu, tillatu; and see the discussion section. 3' in OB Alalakh: ERIN.MES GIS.IGI.DiT UD.KA.BAR the men equipped with bronze 2' in Mari (always wr. syll.): sum-ma be-al su-me-im sa-ba-am in za-ri-su i-ta-ma i wa-si-i if a well-known person makes the army take an illegal(?) (read in sarrisu?)oath and then .... RA 35 64 No. 24:2 (liver model); he performed numerous sacrifices on the sea(shore), as was his duty as king and sa-bu-su ina qirib ajabba me irmuk his army poured water over themselves (standing) in the sea Syria 32 12 ii 6 (Jahdunlim); suqdqum Sa sa-bu.u la gummuruma 1 LU izzibu the police official whose contingent is not full and who leaves even one man behind (will be considered a criminal) ARM 1 6:18; assum 4 ME sa-bi-im sa ah Purattim on account of the contingent of 400 soldiers (stationed along) lines 36 and 39) ibid. 40:30-32; see also aliktu, lances Wiseman Alalakh 55:8, cf. PN UGULA GIS.IGI.DU ibid. 56:49; MU RN LUGAL PN u ERIN.MEs Ha'biru islimu year in which king Irkabtu, Semulabba, and the Hapiru people came to an agreement ibid. 58:29. e) in Elam: RN SIPA ERIN Susim Addahusu, the shepherd of the people of Susa MDP 4 pl. 1 No. 8:2 and p. 10 (brick); 2 LV ERIN SE.KUD.A MDP 28 443:1, cf. 11 ERIN UGULA SUKKAL ibid. 440:12, also 438:12; beer as SA.GAL ERIN provisions for the contingent (note SA.GAL LU[GAL] line 15) MDP 22 144:14, cf. kurummat 30 ERIN.[MES] ibid. 148:1; 7 ERIN KASKAL PN MDP 28 438:8. the bank of the Euphrates ARM 1 23:10, cf. f) in MB - 1' in letters and econ. from 4 ME sa-ba-am sdti ibid. 14, also ina GN NiG. Nippur: 12 ERIN.HI.A.MES PN ki irkusu ana DU.HI.A-ka sa-bu-u-um usallam ARM 1 39 r. 13'; hazanni GN ittadin umma kdr Idiglat epus sa-bu-um kibittum ARM 2 22:6, also ibid. 130:22, PN organized a team of twelve men and gave and kabitti sa-bi-im ARM 4 49:7, as against sa-bu-um qallatum ARM 2 22:13; sa-ba-am it to the mayor of GN with the order, dannam sa-ab GIS.TUKUL.MES atarradakkum "Rebuild the embankment of the Tigris!" I will send you a strong, a well equipped PBS 1/2 15:13 (let.), cf. ERIN.HI.A ma'da lirkusuma BE 17 46:9, and ERIN.HI.A idinma contingent ARM 1 42:38, cf., for ERIN GIS. A.MES liss give the workmen, they shall get TUKUL.HI.A VAS 16 24:12 (OB); iStu MU.3. KAM sa-bu su-nu ul ubbub these people (i.e., wages PBS 1/2 27:16, also assum ERIN.HI.A the sa-ab PN) have not been cleared for three sa beil ispura (for digging) ibid. 19:4 (all letters), ERIN.HI.A ENSIx.MES BE 17 39:7, and passim; years ARM 1 36:28; sa-bi bir[tim] contingent for the fortress ARM 4 81:38; oil given out ana for other refs., see gananu usage a; anamini pad sa-bi-im inuma isin ddamas for the ERIN.HI.A riqma why is the contingent of anointing of the personnel on the occasion of workers idle? PBS 1/2 50:45; ERIN.MES dulli the festival of Samas ARM 7 13:7, cf. ana BE 17 13:14, cf. ERIN.HI.A dulli PBS 2/2 41:8; 'a SE.BA pasds sa-bi-im wasib kussim for the anointing of the guests sitting on chairs ARM 7 14:8, and passim, but LI.MES ibid. 21:2, and L.HI.A (referring to individual persons) ibid. 42:2; note: PN L .NAR a sa-bi-i-i[m] PN the singer (accompanying) the army ARM 1 12:6; PN itti sa-bi-su u sa-bi-im §a GN ... ittalku PN with his troops and the troops of GN departed (to besiege GN 2 ) (beside itti ummanatiu line 4 ERIN.MES L .BAPPIR U KA.ZiD.DA barley rations for a group of four men, brewers and millers BE 14 56a:30; ERIN.MES ki-lum qdt PN (list of) persons, prison (term), responsibility of PN PBS 2/2 116:1; ERIN.HI. A KA (comprising sakrumasdtum, Ahlami, Kassi GAL.MES and individuals) PBS 2/2 56:7. bu-ka kalasu ina GN-ma lu pahirma let all 2' in royal letters: ana rabbitikaanasa-bika ana narkabdtika ana sisika u ana matika dannis lu ulmu much peace be upon your officials, your army, your chariotry, your your troops be assembled in GN ibid. 39:21; horses and your entire country 16) Laessoe Shemshara Tablets p. 77:18f.; sa- 49 EA 10:5, for oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu similar greetings in Bogh., see usage h-1'; nary kabate u ERIN.MES ittisu misu there are only a few chariots and soldiers with him EA 11 r. 13. 3' Su-u-du EA 169:25, also ERIN.MES KUR Hatte EA 170:14, and passim, sar ERIN.MES Hurri EA 60:14; see also hurddu A, massartu, petdti, risutu, tillatu. in kudurrus: ana ilki ... ina la sat-ti irakkasu who indentures people illegally for ilku-duty MDP 10 pl. 11 iii 36, cf. the king in ERIN.HI.A-sJ kald ispuk piled h) in Bogh. - 1' in gen.: ERiN.MES-bi-ia KUB 3 25:4; ERIN.MES sum a small troop KBo 1 11 obv.(!) 35; 80 narkabdti 8 ERIN.MES up a dike with (the help of) his soldiers ibid. i 8; ERIN.MES asib URU.MES suatu the people anntu u mdtdti annitu ina tarsi abija ittakru these numerous peoples and these countries living in these villages BBSt. No. 6 ii 9 (Nbk. I). rebelled at the time of my father KBo 1 1:15, but ERIN.MES anni ibid. 15; kima GIS. BANSUR-U mdtatisu ERIN.MES-8t mdresu u DUMU.MES DUMU-Ju irdmsunti as he loves ERIN.MES 4' in Alalakh: LUGAL ERIN.MES Hurri Wiseman Alalakh 2:74, of. Smith Idrimi 44 and 49, also ERIN.MES KUR Suti Wiseman Alalakh 2:5, ERIN.MES sananne sanannu ibid. 183:2, ibid. 352:6; his children and grandchildren KBo 1 3 r. 43; ERIN.MES ANSE.KUR.RA.HI.A ana tilllutisu as§ pur for his support I sent men and horses (contrasted with the king of Mitanni qddu KI. 1006 SU.LU.GAR.HI.A-8U but LU.MES mare Pithuwena Sa IBoT 1 30:3; ana kdsa lu sulmu ana bitika assdtika mdreka ERiN.MES-ka siseka [u] narka: bdtika ... dannis lu sulmu much peace be Wiseman Alalakh p. 162 s.v. name. ERIN.MES ra-ba EA 117:26, cf. ERIN.MES si[hr]i ibid. 24; ERIN. kl EA 62:20, and passim with geMES URU GN ographical names; anumma ERIN.MES asgt now the army marched out EA 129:36, cf. tuisd EA 138:32; nadnat ERIN.MES ERIN.MES 1' KBo 1 4 i 9; ana Sumerogram in Hitt. in the mng. "people") Hatte eteli I took the .... troops and marched against Hatti Smith Idrimi 64; for ERIN.MES g) in EA - line 10) sunfihi ERIN.MES-su to quiet his subjects KBo 1 24:15, and cf. (for ERIN.MES as ERIN.MES s-ra-te x-x] ina [libb]isunu JCS 8 27 No. 344:3; ERIN.MES PA elteqi ana mat na-me(-e) see ERIN.MES maddti (wr. HI.A) his table companions, his country, his army, also Smith Idrimi 15; ERIN.MES LU.SA.GAZ bel kakki URU GN JCS 8 11 180:1, also ibid. 181:1 and 182:1, and cf. ERIN.MES LI.SA.GAZ Smith Idrimi 27; ERIN.MES narkabti JCS 8 12 182:19, of. Wiseman Alalakh 226:lff.; ibid. r. 26 and 34; in gen.: jdSi with you, your family, wives, sons, soldiers, horses and chariots 2' in special designations: ERIN.MES GiR. HI.A foot soldiers KBo 1 5 iv 21; ERIN.MES Hatti URU MES (if) soldiers are given to me EA 138:98; ajdmi ERIN.MES [i]nfima ussirat where are the soldiers that have been sent off? ibid. 125; ina mddu ERIN.MES-ka to your numerous soldiers EA 38:5 (let. from Alasia); note ana ERiN.GAL.MES-ka (in greeting formula, possibly to be read huradu) EA 20:6, also EA 19:7 (let. of Tusratta). KUB 3 72:5, and passim in letters in similar contexts. Hurri KBo 1 4 ii 31, and passim; ERIN. KBo 1 11 r.(!) 25; see hurddu A, ndraru, tillatu. i) in RS: summa sarrdnigabbusunu ERIN. MES mimma ana habdti sa mdtika umassaru even if all kings send soldiers to raid your land MRS 9 36 RS 17.132:30, and passim in this text; ERIN.MES-fu-nu uptehheru they assembled their soldiers ibid. 49 RS 17.340:4, cf. iSpurma RN ... L.MES.GAL.MES-ti adu ERIN. ME [narkabd]ti ana GN ibid. 19, also [x 2' in special designations: the king of Mitanni with his chariotry u qadu ERIN.MES KAL.KIB (for kardsu) EA 58:6, cf. ERiN.MES m]e'at 10 ERIN.MES MRS 6 192 RS 15.183:6, and passim in this text. KI.KAL.KIB EA 106:48, ERIN.MES KAL.[BE1. KIB EA 92:48; ERIN.MES GAZ EA 74:14, ERIN. MES SA.GAZ.MES EA 68:13, and passim; 2 ME ERIN.MES GiR.MES EA 71:24, cf. 9 X.MES ERIN.MES GiR EA 170:22; LJ.MES ERIN.MES j) zens: in MA - 1' referring to private citi- ina 8salte ana pani ERIN.MES iqbiaSu (if) in a quarrel he says to him in front of other persons KAV 1 ii 85 (Ass. Code § 19), cf. 50 oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu izizuni the people who divided the (stolen) lu harimtu LU.ERIN.[MES-4]Zu lu SAL. MES let the same (Mati'ilu) be a prostitute, property in your house KAV 168:10 (let.); if the two hired men (2 L I.MES) remain idle his soldiers be women AfO 8 25 r. v 9 (Assurnirari V); Urbi U LU.ERIN.MES-<U SIG5 .MES 3sa unjta ina bitika ibid. vi 6 (§ 41); ERIN.ME KI.MIN igri 2 ERIN.MES iddan he will pay the hire for OIP 2 pl. 173 iii 39 (Senn.); two men VAS 1 103:12. narkabati aksurma I organized soldiers, horses (and) chariots into an army Streck 2' referring to the army: ana kdaa bitika an[a assdtika] ana narkabatikau ERIN.MES-ka lu sulmu 3' LUI.ERIN.MES si8e Asb. 28 iii 74, cf. halluptu ERIN.MES S Se AKA 237 r. 38, and passim in Asn.; itti 70 ERIN.MES- EA 15:5 (Aisur-uballit). with seventy of his soldiers AKA 351 iii s4 referring to teams of workers, etc.: 18, and passim in hist. when preceded by a figure; 70 ERIN.MES Kasse seventy Cassites (bringing boats from the sea) KAJ 106:10; se'u anniu ana kurummat ERIN.MES Kasse hubte sa Kardunias ... tadin this barley is given note the pejorative connotation: the old fields of the natives of Babylon sa ERIN KUR ina sigilti itbalu which the enemy hordes had unlawfully taken away as provisions for the Cassites that are pris- VAS 1 37 iii 16 (Mero- oners from Kardunias KAJ 103:12; ERIN.MES ekallim personnel of the palace AfO 17 268:1 dach-Baladan). (harem edict); suniti sa ndra sutu ihrd these workers, who 2' kurummat ERIN.MES LUGAL cf. ERIN.MES Sa E GN KAV KAJ 120:18, 196:4 (let.), naphar 2 ERIN.MES sa E PN KAJ KAJ 8:23; tablets 306:2, ERIN.MES Sa PN concerning ERiN.MES u eqlate sa GN the workmen and the fields in GN KAJ 310:12; [PN] abarakku ina muhhi 8 ERIN.ME GAL.ME sass sinni AfO 10 30:7. dug that canal LU.ERIN.MES OIP 2 82:33 (Senn.), and ibid. p. 81:24 and 25. 3' referring to special types of soldiers: see aritu, asmaru, emiqu, epi tahazi, hupsu A, kabdbu, kakku, mundahsu, muqtablu, qastu, silitu, tahazu, tidiku, tukultu. 4' referring to men, women and children: (list of six men and three women added up) 4' referring to people, the population of a city or a region: ERIN.MES ana ERIN.HI.A. MEs-s-u-nu HI.A.MES ittakluma the inhabit- KAJ 245:14; (list of men, naphar9 ERIN.ME women and children) naphar 47 ERIN.MES ants put their trust in their numerous army sallitu altogether 47 persons, taken prisoner AKA 361:52 (Asn.), and passim in Asn.; [ana UN.MES MES KUR Hatte ... KAJ 180:11; ERIN.MES nashute Sa GN deported people from GN KAJ 121:6, and passim; naphar 6 ERIN.MES (referring to five ERIN. mdti]ja amnu (from then on) I considered the peoples of GN and GN 2 , (though) "Hittites," as in- men and one woman, dividing a piece of property) referring to workmen: habitants of my country AKA 117:4, and passim in Tigl. I; who extended his (protective) OIP 79 No. 6:7. k) in Nuzi: thus orders the king nagiru sa GN liphur "Let the town crier call his summons in GN and ina GN lilsi u ERIN.MES shadow over Harran and ki-i sa-ab dAnim u dDagan isturu zakussu wrote its charter so as to be befitting to people belonging to Anu the people of GN assemble" HSS 9 6:8; PN 'a ERIN.MES iltennd took away two sheep and Dagan Lyon Sar. 1 f.:6, and passim in Sar.; sa ERIN.MES kidinni mal basd hibiltasunu arib undessiru u uttuja iktalu he released (those) of every (other) man but kept mine AASOR I compensated all people of kidinnu status for the damages (suffered by) them Winckler Sar. 1610:14; barley ana ERIN.MES istu Hanigalbat usessi HSS 14 217:3; barley given ana rekib narkabtiu ana ERIN.GiR.MES to chariot riders and foot soldiers RA 23 160 No. 75:4. 1) in hist. - narkabte u 4* 1' ERIN.MES pl. 26 No. 56:3, and passim in Sar., cf. Bdbili ... mre ERIN.MES kidinni subar dAnim u dEnlil Borger Esarh. 25:14, cf. ibid. 2:31; ndsik kdti sa GN adi LU.ERiN.MES-i4-nU ana GN2 il likunimma the chieftains of the country of Hindaru came with their tribesmen to GN2 referring to soldiers: KAH 2 74:5 (Tigl. I); 51 oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu (and grasped my feet) 2' referring specifically to teams of work- Lie Sar. 327; LU.ERIN. MEs Junuti sa birti u nagi these people (those living) in the fortress and (those) in the pro- men: naphar 100 ERIN.MES TA PN ina libbi GN gusire izabbilu in all, 100 men under PN are carrying beams in GN ABL 490 r. 1; tibnu ana 2 ERIN.MES lassu there is not even straw for two men ABL 122:8; 100 LO.ERIN. vince TCL 3 174 (Sar.); for refs. using either ERIN.MES or UN.MES, as in Streck Asb. 38 iv 66, see nasahu, "to deport (populations)," and gardru B mng. la-2'; ERIN.MES EDIN KUR Ahlame KUR Armaja the desert folk, Aramean (speaking?) Ahlamu-Bedouins KAH 2 84:33 MES uzakk e-[x] gusmre ina nri ikarru[ru] I shall dispatch 100 men, and they will bring the beams by way of the river (I will place the rest of the men in their garrisons to (Adn. II), cf. Sute sa-ab EDIN Winckler Sar. pl. 37 1 14, andpassim in Sar.; ERIN.MES hurdni perform their duties) ABL 705 r. 9, and passim in NA, but nearly indistinguishable from refs. dealing with soldiers. la kanuti unsubmissive mountain people OIP 2 64:10, and passim in Senn.; sa LU.ERIN.HI.A. MES iddinu sa gabbi nuhsu ana LU.ERIN.HI. 3' referring to persons and people in gener- iddinu (Ahuramazda) who created man, who gave man all prosperity VAB 3 al: 3 annutu ERIN.MES sakranutusunu these three men are drunkards ABL 85 r. 4; 3 LO. ERIN.MES dannutisunu sa LU GN ittalkuni three important men from the GN tribe came here (and said) ABL 206:4, cf. 6 ERIN.MES sa kuttum gabbu ABL 951 r. 3, and passim in NA; ERIN.MES agannutu ul bele tabti sunu bele A.MES 101 e 5 and 7 (Dar.). m) inNA (ABLandADD) and NB (ABL) - 1' referring specifically to soldiers: sakin mati TA LU.ERIN.MES-Ui namsari karru ina resunni izzazu the governor and his soldiers are standing beside us with drawn swords dababa Sunu these people are not friends but enemies ABL 326 r. 10; ERIN.MES-ia attunu ABL 473 r. 14; LU.ERIN.MES s8e ina nagi ... ana massarti ... sadruizzazu men and horses alla agd Sar Assur ana muhhikunu ul sallat you are my subjects, none but the king of are drawn up to do (their) duty in the prov- Assyria has power over you ABL 1114 r. 1 (NB); ibassi ERIN.MES sa ultu GN ... illikuni ... ince ABL 503:11, cf. ibid. 563 r. 5, 641:2, etc.; PN rab kisir PN 2 rab kisir PN 3 PN 4 naphar 4 (PN) held back the good soldiers karsija itakl possibly the people who came from Elam (to the king to further their own interests) have vilified me (in the palace) ABL 312 r. 7; 2 LU.SAG.MES-ia 6 LI.ERIN.MES ABL 283:5; PN u PN 2 u 12 ERIN.MES qinnu sa ina muhhi halqiti sa ina GN RN PN and PN 2 and twelve (more) persons LT.ERIN.MES iktala issisunu ... ABL 631:13; ERIN.MES SIG5 .MES assaparsunu I sent two of my officers and six men with them on account of the runaway of the family of Ummanhaldasu ABL 478 r. 5, and passim in NA; TA LU.ERIN.MES SIG 5 .MES- men who are in GN ABL 138:7, and passim in NA letters; ERIN.MES 20 30 ina libbi di-ku-u ti sumi izzakkar my name is mentioned among twenty or thirty men among them have been killed ABL 1386 r. 5 (NB); ERIN.MES-ka ki taspuru ni-ka-si ana libbi ali ki unakkisu after you dispatched your soldiers and they MES ma'duti L GN ardanisa sarri belija ana GN 2 ana panija ittalkuni numerous persons from the Sea Land, servants of the king, my those of the better people ABL 1285:15; ERIN. lord, have come to me in GN 2 ABL 521 r. 9; ERIN.MES ze'iranea akanna ibassi there are people here who hate me ABL 716:25, cf. 2 ERIN.MES ... umussu ana muhhi ddkija u made a breach to (enter) the city ABL 1339:3; ERIN.MES ma'dutu ina Babili massarti sa sarri belija inassaru many soldiers are on duty for the king, my lord, in Babylon hulluqija idabbub the two people plot every day to destroy me completely ABL 412 r. 2, and passim in NB letters; 6 labr barite 208 sa ume naphar 215 LU.ERIN. , in all, 215 MES six equipped (men), 208 .... (sic) men (whom PN brought here) ADD 696:3, and (beside horses) ibid. r. 1 and 5. ibid. r. 1, and passim in NB letters of the Sargonid period; note with the connotation "man": ERIN.MES mdres sunu u DAM---nU adi ildniunu (let) the men, their sons and wives, (and) even their gods 52 oi.uchicago.edu sSbu sabu (take the oath of loyalty to the king) ABL 202 usahmasu they kill the men (and) ravish the women sa-bi ana nakrim Supdtim ittanandi (var. ittanaddi) well-being for my army, my army will throw up earthworks against the enemy ABL 275:12 (NB); 6 LU.ERIN.MES 4 SAL ABL 633 r. 1 (NA), also ADD 763 r. 4; X ERIN.GURUS YOS 10 52 iv 10, var. from YOS 10 51, cf. sulum (beside TUR, DUMU.GABA, SAL and TUR.SAL) ABL 212:20, cf. ibid. 304:2, note: 5 ERIN.MES gi-nu-[te] ADD 940:7, list of LU.ERIN.MES ina supdtim ittanandi ibid. 13 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb), also sa-bi ipakhur YOS 10 63:1 (OB ext.); summa ana ERIN KASKAL wasim bit iii ADD 883:1 (all NA); note ERIN in contrast with UN.MES, "family, women and teppus if you perform (the divination) with regard to an army which is ready to depart r. 10 (NB); ERIN.MES idukku SAL.MES 8a sa-bi nakrim nakrum ana pani um-ma-ni-ia ittalkuni the men whose families have gone away ABL 537 r. 1 (NA), cf. ERIN.ME aki UN. CT 3 3:36 (OB oil omens), and passim in this text, wr. ERIN(.HI.A), always masc. and therefore sabu rather than ummanu; dNamtarasa-a-bi-Ju tema ABL 849 r. 9 (NB), also ABL 459:5 and 8 (NB), and 1412 r. 3f. (NA). EA 357:75 (Nergal and Ereskigal); ki sallatndkiri children": ERIN.MES UN.MES-U--nu ... isakkan Namtaru gives orders to his soldiers ME saldli uma'ir sa-ba-4 he gave orders to his troops (referred to in lines 22 and 25 by ummdni) as if to obtain booty from an 4' referring to special types of soldiers and workers: 33 ERIN.MES narkabti ABL 1009 r. 20 (NA), LIT.ERIN.MES GIRII.MES ABL 380:4 (NA), LU.ERIN.MES-ia rakisite my indentured soldiers ABL 482:10 (NA), LU.ERIN.ME a pithal% ldti ABL 1237:11 (NB); 500 LlU.ERIN.MES utrite 500 additional men ABL 506 r. 16 (NA); see dajalu, qastu. GBssmann Era IV 24, cf. 12 LU.ERIN. MES ipparsuinni AnSt 5 104:120 (Cuthean Legend); ERIN.MES tdhazi Craig ABRT 1 81:5 (SB tamitu), cf. ina libbi ERIN-4i ERIN.MES BAR.MES §a ittisu ibid. p. 82 r. 5; ERIN.MES enemy pagri issur hurri ameluta people with a body 5' referring to adscript serfs: lu LU.ERIN. MES sunte [lu mare]sunu ... lu bel ilkisunu (half) partridge, (half) human AnSt 5 98:31 (Cuthean Legend); ERIN.MES nd§ sussulsa its either these serfs, or their children, or the owner of the income derived (from) their (the ark's) basket-carrying work teams Gilg. XI 67; (work) ADD 500:4, of. ADD 751:2, and (including women) ADD 906 iv 4, (among craftsmen) ADD 757:10; naphar 5 LU.ERIN.MES ERIN.MES LU Iskuzaja PRT 20:5, and passim with ethnic names; LU.ERIN.MES Asa bit Amukdni ibid. 139 r. 8; for erin in math. texts (wr. erin and erin.hi. a), always collective, see TMB p. 239, MKT 2 26 and 3 70, sa PN ana baldt napsdtesu ana Bel uzakkini in all, five serfs whom PN released and dedicated to DN for his own well-being ADD MCT p. 162. Note: ERIN.MES E.GAL ERIN.MES KA.E.GAL ERTN.MES narkabti ERIN.[MES ... ] ERIN.MES gipsi ERIN.MES name ERIN.MES [...] ERIN.MES Suti t sa-ad Ma[r-tu] D. T. 144 in Bezold Cat. 1555 (SB tamitu); see also 889 r. 11 (= ABL 877); naphar 29 ERIN.ZI.MES (men and women) ADD 905:4, also ibid. 882:12, 1099 r. 4, and see napistu. n) in lit. (OB, SB): sa-ba-a-ka Sa ana ki-irri-im tatarradu itti nakrim innammar your army, that you plan to send on a campaign, kidinnu. will meet the enemy YOS 10 36 i 39 (OB ext.), 8,580 men have been MES dullu itepsu working on the temple tower VAS 6 65:5; ahhekunu marekunu u LU.ERIN.MES-ku-nu a ana massartu sa uttati tabu ina muhhi uttati piqda put your brothers, sons, and servants, 1' referring to teams of o) in NB workmen: ina muhhi E ziqqurrat 8580 ERIN. cf. sa-bi s sa-bi nakrim innammarumatdhazam ippelu ibid. 51 iv 17 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb); ina harrdnim nakrum sa-bi ul imannu the enemy will count my army on the march who are fit to perform duty on the barley, to work on the barley! TCL 13 152:14; 50 L sabi LIU.IGI <«LU i LiU sahir fifty workmen, old ibid. iii 25, restored from dupl. 52 sa-bu-um sa rubim ina libbi 5liu imaqqut the prince's army will collapse in the iii 24; midst of his city ibid. ii 34; sulum sa-bi-ia and young 53 ibid. 182:20; LEU.ERIN.MES- -nU oi.uchicago.edu sabu sabu on-the-chariot and the free soldiers mala ina tuppi matd u LT.ERIN.MES mala ina andaharsunYG tu is-qdti nadd LU.HUN.GA- s-nu I have received from them hired replacements for all the workmen who are absent according to the list and for all those that have been put all the soldiers have arrived from Susa ibid. 59:21, and cf. LT.ERIN.MES- i SurSudutu till ismaru u namsare YOS 3 139:19 (all letters); LU.ERIN.MES Sa narkabti Sa PN Dar. 154:2, LUT.ERIN.MES Sa SiS Dar. 253:2; ina LU. ERIN.MES isitu with a few soldiers VAB 3 27 in fetters YOS 3 166:16 and 19 (let.); mamma ina LT.ERIN.MES sa ina li'i Sa RN u RN 2 ana muhhija satar each man (or: soldier) that has been listed as under my responsibility on the roll dated to the time of Nebuchadnezzar § 20:38 (Dar.). and Neriglissar RA 11 167 r. 3; LU.ERIN.MES 3' referring to people in gen.: ERIN.MES Nippuri Bdbili natives of Nippur and mittu abkiitu u halqutu sullimsunutu replace all men who are dead, taken away or who have run away Babylon (see usage f-3') BBSt. No. 6 ii 3 (Nbk. I); LU.ERIN.MES (these are) the men ibid. r. 10 (let.); LT.ERIN.ME halqtugindu L samit supra send the (captured) runaways marked with the slave mark (who were present when I killed Gaumata) VAB 3 69 § 68:109; YOS 3 125:38 (let.); dullu ina muhhija ddnu LT. there is much work ERIN.ME akanna biSu' 3 71 § 69:112 (Dar.). 4' sa ina YOS 7 137:9; naphar 28 ERIN.MES ibid. line 4; LU.ERIN.KUR.GAL BIN 1 99:15, cf. LU.ERIN. <KUR>.GAL ibid. 102:14; see qastu. The primary use of sabu after the Ur III period (for which see usage a-2') is as a collective to amelu, to refer to a group of workers, prisoners or soldiers. It normally occurs preceded by figures or has in apposition the designation of the type of soldier or worker that make up the contingent. Only exceptionally do we find 1 ERIN (Grant Smith BIN 2 132:42, and cf. LO.ERIN.ME zakutu CT 22 174:45; Ll.ERIN.MES sa mlaku sa nari iherru' the workmen that are digging out the bed of the canal CT 22 233:5, of. ibid. 218:4; 20 LU.ERIN.ME u mallhe* batllka I am short twenty men and sailors YOS 3 70:13 (let.); 5 ERIN.ME sa nasparti sa PN illaku UCP 9 College 269:11f.). In OB texts from Babylonia ERIN refers only exceptionally, and in late 60 ERIN.ME Sa kurummat sarri PN and five of his men, (also) sixty men provisioned by the king texts, to soldiers; while in Mari, Alalakh and RS texts this is its primary connotation. The word is extremely rare in lit. and omen texts, where ummdnu (later often written ERIN.MES with phon. complement) is used. The usages "people" (and "population") are attested in OB lit. (usage c-1'), Hitt. (usage h-1'), Nuzi Camb. UCP 9 75 No. 87:5f.; LU.ERIN.ME E 289:4, also Nbn. 913:2, and passim, cf. 'a bit qdte YOS 7 16:12, sa E.GUD UCP 9 98 No. 35:12, bit sutummu VAS 6 322:5, and passim in similar constructions; LU.ERIN.ME sa Larsam AnOr 8 32:21, Sa dur Babili AnOr 8 60 r. 12, and YOS 7 143:8, beside Sa kddu ibid. 5, and passim; (usage k) and NB (usage o-3'). For SAL.ERIN. E.GAL see sikretu. see agru, epis dulli, erib biti usage b-1', pirru; tithe in barley E vzU KISIB.MES sa ina pan LUT.ERIN.MES (obscure) 1I PBS 2/1 50 left edge, also ibid. 17, BE 10 90:9, and (with hadru) Puqudaja Sa ina hursann izkni in all, 28 Puqudaians that have become free because of a decision (brought about) by water ordeal 90 No. 24:25; PN u 5 ERIN.ME-8 referring to special types of soldiers: saknu Sa susne LTJ.ERIN.GiR bit kili sabtu five workers who are being held in prison LTU.ERIN.MES aganniitu lu mddu suddid treat these people well! VAB (imposed) on me, and the workmen here are bad YOS 3 79:35 (let.); 5 LU.ERIN.MES CT 22 74:19 (let.), cf. LTJ.ERIN.ME. <DUMU).DJ-ti CT 22 174:17; LU.ERIN.MES gabbi ultu GN iterbuni BOR 1 76 82-7-14, 144:4 (Dar.). 2' referring to soldiers: taslisu.MES u LU.ERIN.MES mar-banitiina qdtesu la tumas~ sar you must not leave to him the third-men- The writings sa-bu-u-um ARM 1 39 r. 13, sa-ba-a-am ibid. 83:28, sa-bi-i-im ibid. 12:6, sa-bi-e-em ARM 2 10:7, sa-ba-i-im Dossin, Syria 1938 108, presuppose a form saba'um, for which see Dossin, ibid., and Finet L'Accadien p. 73; 54 note also the OAkk. pi. sa-bi-4. In oi.uchicago.edu sabu sadanu Mari the pl. pronoun occurs in the constructions sa-ba-am sunciti ARM 3 18:20, ARM 2 92:24, and sa-bu su-nu ARM 1 36:28, be- side the more common sa-bu-um su ARM 1 16:26, and passim. alone also may stand for ummanu, "army," which see for refs. where the grammatical context indicates that the referent is fem. and hence the reading is ummdnu. LU. ERIN ERIN iSU Strassmaier, Actes du 8e Congres Inter- national No. 28:4 (Artaxerxes chron.) sa-bur-tum [= sa]-ru-ub-tum Lambert BWL 38 comm. 3 (Ludlul II) (from 5R 47:35). pistZ pisatka u sa-bu-ur-ti sa-bu-ur-fta-kal an insult against me (lit. my insult) is an insult against you, and malice against me is malice against you Boyer Contribution 119:18 (OB let.); ussira SAL.DE.MES (with gloss sa-qi(text -di)-tum in line 8) SIG 5 dannis sa sa-bu-ur-ti jdnu ina libbisunu send very able women cupbearers in whose heart there is no falsehood RA 31128:17 (let. from Egypt) ; RN ana is to be muhhi RN 2 ahisu sa-bur-ta mimma la uba'a u amela sanamma ana muhhi RN 2 sa-bur-ta ul read iuqu. Albright and Moran, JCS 2 245ff. ustahhaz RN must not plot malice against his brother (i.e., ally) RN2, nor must he instigate another person to bear malice toward RN 2 KBo sabu in rabi sabi s.; (an official in charge of a team, a troop); OA, OB Elam, EA, NA, 1 1 r. 29, cf. ibid. 30, for similar refs. see sabru A adj.; NB; wr. syll. and LU.GAL sab-bu (or ERIN. MES); cf. sabu. mdrsu sa k sa-bu-ur-ti ipussu his son who has acted falsely against it (Mitanni) KBo 1 2:30, lu sa PN ra-bi sa-bi-im or (the silver) of see Weidner, BoSt 8 16:49 var.; ad kimasi ume PN, the overseer of persons CCT 2 30:10 (OA); ERIN.MES [A]D-ka-ma umma mLU.GAL istu ulld lemuttani sutehmulma su-ta-hu ana sa-bur-ti-ni for how many days, since long ago, has he been planning misdeeds against EA 96:3 (let. to Rib-Addi); LU.GAL ERIN.MES ADD 877 r. 5; PN LU.GAL sab-bu YOS 6 11:28 (NB); (in broken context, list of LU.ERIN) us, attempting wickedness against us? Tn.Epic "ii" 16, cf. sa-bur-ta ihmil ibid. "v" 20, also [...] gillata sa-bur-ta ibni ibid. "vi" 29; they will deliver the barley inaa LU.GAL sabbu YOS 6 102:5 (NB); note: PN GAL ERIN.10 sa-bur-tiitassapaisarti ul uttu malice toward me keeps increasing (and) I cannot find justice (list of barley rations) MDP 28 471:22, and cf. (same person) GAL.[10] ibid. 540:3. Lambert BWL 38:3 (Ludlul II), lex. section. sabu s.; dyer; NB; cf. sabd. The inclusion of saburtu in the Ludlul Commentary shows that the word had become obsolete and probably was not understood anymore, hence the attempt to explain it by [sa]rubtu. For discussion see sabru A adj. and sabdru A. 1 oG.UN 10 MA.NA ara SiG.GAN. <ME>.DA ina pan PN L s8a-bu-u one talent, ten minas (of wool) are with the dyer PN to make red dyed wool VAS 6 24:5; 10 MA.NA PN L. for comm. see 8sa- bu-u ana su-bi-ti ten minas (of wool with) the dyer PN for dyeing VAS 6 8:4; naphar 14 GADA ina pan PN LU sa-bu-4 altogether sabfitu see sibzitu A. 14 pieces of linen with the dyer PN Ner. 64:4; oil ration given to Abdi-milki sa-bu-u Weidner, sada uri s.; (a plant or drug); plant list.* Mel. Dussaud 2 pl. 4 after p. 930 r. ii 12, and, wr. Lt sa-bu-u ibid. pl. 5:15. v sa-da ti-ri, u sa-gal-lu-hu : [I0 ... ] CT 14 31 K.8846+ :27 f. See sadanu. saburtu s. fem.; falsehood, malice; OB, MB, Bogh., EA, SB; cf. sabru A. sadanu s.; 1. (a tree or bush), 2. (a medical preparation made from this plant); SB, NA. 1. (a tree or bush): GIS sa-da-nu (among trees and herbs brought back by the king [x x hu]l.a zi.ir.ra.as : ana saldl mdtika dAssur igdammilu sa-bur-ta-d [...] they accommodate each other in order to rob your country, [they ... ] into wickedness KAR 128:27 (bil. prayer of Tn.). from foreign expeditions) Iraq 14 41:45 (Asn.); 55 oi.uchicago.edu sadanu GURUN GIS saddu sa-da-ni the fruit of the sadanu- b) referring to ominous signs - 1' of Sin: KAR 194 r. 31 (SB med.), ina balika dSin asqar same sa-ad-da ana nisi A 4746 ul i-sag-ga-[x] without you (Marduk) Sin, the 2. (a medical preparation made from this heavenly crescent, does not .... a sign to human beings KAR 26:19 (rel.); dSin ... tree (among drugs) cf. GGIsa-da-nu (in broken context) (unpub., Uruanna). mukallim sa-ad-di plant): [ sd]-mi GaRII SAR.MES : u sa-da-nu herb for burning feet : s.-herb Uruanna II 46; [U sa]-da-nu : sd-mi himit seti - s.-herb : herb for setu fever CT 14 36 79-7-8,22 r. 1, cf. ibid. 35 K.4180A+:49; U GiR GAL-U, U SuNIGIN-nu : U sa-da-nu, sa-gal-lu-hu q : U qulba-nu ina Su-ba-ri Kocher Pflanzenkunde 6 viii Iff. and 11 i 29ff.; [v]S MUS.GE 6 : U sa-da-nu black snake's blood : s.-herb CT 37 26 i 14; [f]a(?)-ma-hi : SUD ina v sa-da-Enul : i+GIS SE to bray, to use as salve (when mixed) with oil KAR 203 i 45, cf. ibid. r. iv 24; 12 siLA GI.BU v sa-da-nu (among herbs) ADD 1042:4, cf. AMT 41,3:5, KAR 207:12. DN, who shows signs Perry Sin No. 6:4, cf. dNanna ... mukallim sa-ad-du PBS 15 80 i 8 (Nbn.), dSin eddessu ilu ellu paris purussi musaklim sa-ad-di Borger Esarh. 79:5, cf. dSin ... pdris purusse musaklim sa-ad-di ana RN (= Sargon) OIP 38 p. 130 No. 3:2 (Sar.); musaklim sa-ad-di dNanna same erseti Lyon Sar. 9:57; dNannari bel agi na sa-ad-du ana dadmi DN, the crowned, the bearer of sign(s) to the inhabited world YOS 1 45 i 6 (Nbn.); ana dSin ns sa- ad-du damiqtija (I built Edimanna) for Sin, the bearer of signs favorable to me VAB 4 130 iv 61 (Nbk.), cf. Borger Esarh. 120 § 102a:6; ema ITI ina iteddusika sa-ad-da-ka damiqti gind Thompson DAB 243. luttaplas let me always see your (Sin's) favorable sign when you renew yourself sadainu see sidanu. every new moon YOS 1 45 ii 43 (Nbn.). saddiru see sadiru. saddu (sddu) s.; sign, signal; cf. saddu in sa saddi. 2' of the planet Jupiter: dSAG.ME.GAR OB, SB*; ilu rest s~pu Smka aSare[d ... ] sa ina niphisu ukallamu sa-ad-du x-[...] (0 Marduk) your name when you are visible (as gis.ti.bal, gis.an.ti.bal = sa-ad-du, gis.an. ti.bal.nigin = MIN li-mu-tum, gis.igi.gal = saad-du, gi .igi.gal.bad = MIN [du]-u-ri Hh. IV 24-28; suhur.la = sa-ad-du, sa-a-du Izi D i 3f.; hu-ul HUL = [sa]-ad-du Idu I 69. zag gis.tir.ra.kex(KID) du.a : hul.SAR sa-ad-du sa ina pat qzsti re-tu-u the sign which is posted at the edge of the forest SBH p. 15:8f., dupl. 4R 26 No. 2:20f. (SB rel.); igi.gal.la ud.da.TUM : sa-ad-du la mupparku (Samas) the never-ceasing signal UVB 15 p. 36:6 (NB lit.); igi.gl1 gur.ru dA.nun.na.kex.ne :na-d sa-addi ana dMIN VAT 13841+: 6 (copy Geers). the planet Jupiter) is SAG.ME.GAR, the foremost god, the leader of [...], who, when he shines forth, shows a sign Craig ABRT 1 30:42, cf. MUL SAG.ME.GAR =- nd s a-ad-du ana da-dd(text DA)-mu Jupiter = the bearer of sign(s) to the inhabited world 5R 46 No. 1:39 (list of star names), cf. also MUL.BABBAR nas sa-ad-du ana kalama the "White Star," the bearer of sign(s) to the universe RAcc. 153 iii 5; DIM dUTU // d amas sa ippuha salm sa dMarduk ina libbisu x-u [...] dSAG.ME.GAR assumisu nddin itti ana KUR.KUR sans na[... .] sani sa-ad-du the pillar of Samas, (this a) in gen.: kima tuppi tammaru 2 GIS saad-di damqutim u 1 GI xx ubila[m] when you see (this) letter of mine, send me two means that) Samas, who shone forth, (is) the good wooden signs and one wooden .... Knopf, Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 34 160:8 (OB let.); obscure: ina ni- image of Marduk [...], on account of it Ju- piter gives a sign to the countries, another interpretation is [... .], another interpretation is saddu (mng. uncert.) STC 1 216:8 (comm.). pi-il sa-du-um (as pseudo-log, for saddum?) CT 4 20c:9 and case (OB, coll. W. G. Lambert); 3' of Anu: bel sa-ad-di bl [age] dAnum pdsir sa-ad-di ... pdir sundti lemneti (Anu) the lord of signs, the crowned, Anu, who iddt erseti itti same sa-ad-du inassdni the signs of the earth, together with (those in) the sky, bear signals (for us) Bab. 4 111:38. 56 oi.uchicago.edu s&du A saddu vertigo, 3. suddu to cause to turn, to make dizzy; OB, MB, SB; I iscid-isd, 1/3, II, II/3; wr. syll. and NIGIN; cf. sa'idu, sajddu adj. and s., siddnu, sad pani, suttu. explains the signs, who interprets evil dreams LKA 50:3f., and dupl. BMS 6:5f., see Ebeling Handerhebung 34. In Hh. IV and 4R 26, in lex. section, saddu [ni-in] LAGAB = lami, saharu, sa-a-du A I/2:39ff., also Ea I 31-31b; ni-gin LAGAB = saharu, A I/2:42ff. and Ea I sa-a-du, lamd, litammi 32-32c, cf. ni-gin NIGIN = sa-a-du A 1/2:120; n[i-mi-en] [NIGIN] = sa-a-du-um, saharum, lawm seems to designate a sign set up on a wall and in the open country. Bauer Asb. 2 41 n. 2. saddu in a saddi s.; sign-bearer; lex.*; cf. saddu. Proto-Diri 64ff.; LAGAB, [LAGABni-n]iLAGAB = sa-a- du Nabnitu O 246-247; nigin = MIN (= sa-a-du) d la-me-e (in group with sddu B) Antagal F 255. lh.an.ti.bal = si sa-ad-di Lu IV 234. e.ne.em.ma.ni gakkul(u+MuN).am.ma sadidu s.; (the mineral) antimony, antimony pigment; NA; wr. syll. with dets. al. iisu .bi a.ba mu.un.zu.zu (var. mu.un.zu)// sa.ga m.nigin.ni (var. sa.baa.nanigin(!).e) : amassu kakkullu katimtu qiribsu mannu ilammad // kima katimti katmatma ina qirbeti i-sa-ad (var. i-sa-a-ad) his (Enlil's) word is a covered fermentation vat, who may know what is inside it? variant: it is covered over as with a net, and it prowls through the fields SBH p. 8: 64ff., var. from Bab. 3 pl. 14 (after p. 240) K.69 r. 13f., see Craig, ZA 10 277; for other bil. passages, see mngs. la, Id and 3. NIGIN = sa-a-du, NIGIN = la-mu-u Izbu Comm. 551, comm. to summa kalbu ema KA.MES is-sa-nundu if dogs prowl through all the city quarters ibid. 549, see mng. la; s -a-du = la-mu-6 CT 41 30:2 (Alu Comm., for text commented on, see mng. la). NA 4 and U. im.sim.bi.zi.da = a-na-mu- = MIN (= guuh-lu) // sa-di-du Hg. A II 138 in MSL 7 114; [nam].nig.ku(text .ZA).dim = sa-di-du (among cosmetics) Uruanna III 478 (from 2R 30 No. 2 K.4381:36), dupl. Kocher Pflanzenkunde 23:2, 24:5, note the var. UTsa-di-lu (mistake) ibid. 12 r. vi 11. I received as tribute 10 MA.NA U sa-di-fdal ten minas of anti- 8 MA.NA NA 4 . SIM. <BI).ZI.DA mony preparation (and) eight minas of antimony mineral Scheil Tn. II 77, cf. ibid. r. 18 and 24; NA4 sa-di-d[u] (in broken context) ABL 1300 r. 2. 1. to prowl, to make one's rounds, to turn about, to whirl - a) to prowl: [udug Mng. based on Aram. s'didd, "antimony" Brockelmann Lex. Syr.2 621, Jastrow Dict. 1262. hul].gl kalam.manigin.e : MIN (= utuk: The mention of sadidu in the Uruanna passage III 478 and in connection with a statue ku lemnu) sd ina mati is-sa-nun-du the evil utukku-demon, who prowls in the land CT 17 (in ABL 1300) points to the use of antimony as 36 K.9272:9 (SB inc.), a metal in the NA period, for which see kalam.m]a (copy SI) ur.a nigin.na : MIN Partington, Origins and Development of Applied Chemistry p. 256 n. 7. See guhlu. sa ina mdti mithdris is-sa-nun-du ibid. 12; [e].ne.ne hul.a.mes uru.a nigin.na.a. mes : Junu [lem]-nu-ti sa ina ali is-sa-nun-du sunu they are the evil beings who constantly (or saddiru) adj.; (mng. unkn.); sadiru SB.* summa indsu sa-di-ra-ma kima [.. ] if his eyes are s. and like [... ] also ibid. 5'f. prowl through the city CT 16 31:123f. (SB inc.), see also SBHp. 8: 64ff., inlex. section; [summa UR.K]U.MES ina siqi is-sa-[nun-du ... ] if dogs prowl in the street CT 38 49:17 (SB Alu), of. ibid. 24f., cf. also Izbu Comm. 549, in lex. section; Jumma sahe ina rebiti is-sa-nun-du if Kraus Texte 20:4', Connect with sudduru or read sa-di-ra (i.e., saddira, from saddru). sadu cf. [udug.hul.gal pigs prowl around in the public square CT 38 see saddu. 46:3 (SB Alu), with comm. sa-a-du = la-mu-u CT 41 30:2 (Alu Comm.). sidu A v.; 1. to prowl, to make one's rounds, to turn about, to whirl, 2. to spin (said of parts of the body), to be subject to b) to make one's rounds: ina siqi zilulli i-sa-a-a-adaplu the heir makes his rounds in 57 oi.uchicago.edu sadu A sfdu A the street like a peddler Lambert BWL 84:249 (Theodicy), cf. sulelu-sa-a-[ad] ibid. 78:141; rubi u St resisu ina suqi zilullis is-sa-nun-du the prince and his lieutenants will make their rounds in the street like peddlers ibid. 112:14 (SB Fiirstenspiegel). c) to turn about: kima atti ina manza[z]iki ta-su-ud-di u tasahhurima ina manzaziki ta-fturl-[ri] annanna ardu halqu li-su-ud u lissahr[a]ana bit belisuma liti[r] (0 door) just as you swing out but reverse your direction and come back in place, so let so-and-so, the runaway slave, move out (as he has, but then) turn about and come back to his ACh Samas 10:81, and a-ad(copy ERIM)-ansd-te-e is-su-da su-u'-mu-u la-bis storm winds whirled(?), (this means) it (the day or the sun?) was clothed with redness (explanation with apparent pun on, or confusion of, sadu A and sadu B) ABL 405 r. 3 (NA); u sa hims mat asamsdti tesu i-sa-a-ad ina qabli and (like) sweepings (swept along) by windstorms, confusion whirls through the battle Tn.-Epic ii 43; summa samgu ... ina tdmartisu kima dipari sam IM.DIRI BABBAR ina panisu i-sa-ad KI.MIN ina idisu izziz if the sun is red like a torch when it becomes visible (and) a white cloud moves about(?) in front of it, variant: stands at its side ACh Samas 1:2. masters'estate LKA 135:13ff. (SB inc.), see Ebeling, Or. NS 23 52, cf. the parallel formula- 2. to spin (said of parts of the body), to be subject to vertigo - a) the face as subtion: [ana bit ak]iti sa seri lu sa-a-a-da-ta ject: kassiptu kima sihir kunukki anne li-sulu-u ta-a-a-ra-tu KAR 242 r.(!) 11, restored from du li-ri-qu pa-nu-u-ki 0 witch, like the K.10496 (courtesy W. G. Lambert), see Ebeling twirling of this cylinder seal may your head TuL 158; uncert.: [il-su-dam-ma dEnki[du] (lit. face) spin (and) your face become pale PN wandered about (in broken context) Gilg. (like the green stone of which the seal is VI 147; [summa] ... issru istu imitti ameli ana Sumeli amili itiqma i-su-ud-m[a ... ] if a made) Maqlu III 103; [summa amelu ... ] pa-nu-Ju is-sa-nun-du if a man continually bird passes from the right to the left of a man has vertigo and then turns about and [...] CT 40 49:3 (SB Alu); summa MIN (= KU.A) i-s4-ud-ma imqut (in broken context) CT 39 42 K.2238+ii 8 summa NIG.PI uban hasi qabliti (SB Alu); i-su-ud if the .... of the middle "finger" of the lung flaps(?) KAR 437 r. 10 (SB ext.), cf. CT 31 25 sub mng. 3. nu-du-si AMT 97,4:6, cf. IGI.MES-U is-saKiichler Beitr. pl. 15 i 47, IGI.MES- <Si> NIGIN-du KAR 182 r. 18, IGI.MES-sec NIGIN(copy UR).MES-du Kichler Beitr. pl. 15 i 38, [IGI.MES-si] i-sa-nu-du AMT 14,5:12, KUB 37 3:3, cf. Labat TDP 76:53ff. b) other parts of the body as subject: summa IcII-suc is-sa-nun-da if his eyes con- d) to whirl: summa surdi u dribu itti stantly spin Labat TDP 50 iii 8 and 10, cf. (perhaps for panusu) is-sa-nun-du ahames istanassi is-sa-nun-du u issanabburu IGI I if a falcon and a raven caw, whirl around AMT 85,1 vi 5; summa qaqqassu i-sa-dd u and call each other kinsasu kasd if his head spins and his shins are cold Labat TDP 20:25; Summa sepe surdni IM-4 NIGIN-da Sd ina GIN-si sakin ... CT 39 30:34 (SB Alu); a.ma.uru5 kalam.ma nigin.na.me : abcbu sa ina mati is-sa-nun-du sunu they (the demons) are a flood which whirls through the land (= isudda) if (a man) has feet (like those) of a cat, (this means) that they move with a twirl- CT 16 13 iii llf. (SB inc.); an.na.kex(KID) sur.bi im.ri.ha.mun nigin.na.mes : asamsutu sa ina same ezziS is-sa-nun-du sunu they (the demons) are a whirlwind which whirls furiously across the ing motion when he walks Kraus Texte 24 r. 10. CT 38 8:40f. (SB Alu), also aSamdtu NIGIN-da TDP 190:24 and 25. Note: Summa ina mursisu i-sa-ad mepilakki nari isti if during his illness he has vertigo: he has drunk water with "spindle of the river" sky CT 16 19:31f. (SB inc.); asamsStu is-sa- Labat TDP 158:21; Summa ... istu ndri ina nun-du isdr mehi storm winds whirl, a assu isdma (wr. NriiN-ma) imqut if when tempest rages BBSt. No. 6 i 32 (MB), cf. he comes out of the river (where he took a ,Summa ina libbi ali alamdtu is-sa-nun-da bath) he gets a dizzy spell and falls Labat 58 oi.uchicago.edu sadu B sahartu 3. suddu to cause to turn, to make dizzy: the brazier .... " (then) [...] for the second me.ze.bi i.nigin.na : issisud-si-id-ma (the time, when the (contents of the) brazier be- demon) has made his (the man's) jawbones come molten BRM 4 25:33 (SB hemer.); isdtu ultu libbi IGI.MES Ii x x E.MES-a [... ] il-su- turn(?) SBHp. 126No. 79:9f. (SB inc.); [summa ... is]-hi-ir u su-ud-da-at if (the part of the lung) has shrunk and is turned over(?) CT 31 25 Sm. 1365:14 (SB ext.); etemmu mu-pal-li-hi ud-du isatatasaddad ina kirisu tukassa when §a ... paniua us-sa-na-du out the fire and you cool (it) off in the oven liq pija ubbalu the ghost who is frightening me, who presses against my forehead, makes me dizzy, dries up my palate BMS 53:10, where it is ZA 36 192:20 (chem.); ana libbi 1 MA.NA er mesi [...] 10 GIN AN.NA 2 GIN [...] i-sa-ad ip-pat-ti-[iq ... ] to one mina of refined copper you [... ] ten shekels of lead (and) two shekels of [...], it becomes molten (and) is cast ibid. 206:19. SAG.KI.MU ihessi also KAR 267:14(!), LKA 85 r. 3, NIGIN-[du] the fire [...] comes out from the vents (and when) the [...] becomes molten, you rake and, wr. AMT 97,1:19, note the erroneous var. sa ... IGI.MES.MU u-sa-an-da-ru (see sudduru) KAR 267 r. 8 (SB inc.); [esense]ri 2. suddu to melt down, to cupel: 30 MA. ikpupu pa-ni-Mu [us]-[sal-[na-du] (vars. -u-sa- NA KU.GI sa ki KU.BABBAR epsu anaSulmanija na-du, NIGIN-du) they (the demons) bent my tultebila KU.GI a[na] pan PN mar siprika §d6u spine, they made me dizzy AfO 18 291:19. us-si-id-du-ma itamar (finally) you sent me as W. G. Lambert, AfO 18 295. a gift thirty minas of gold which were (no better) than silver, they cupeled that gold in the presence of PN, your ambassador, and he sadu B v.; 1. to become molten, to melt (intrans.), 2. suddu to melt down, to cupel; MB, SB, NA; I isid-isdd, II, II/2; cf. masddu, *sidu, sa du in Sa sidi. saw (that it was so) EA 3:17 (let. from Kadasman-Harbe); hurdsa kaspa Sa ina libbi makr kiri Sa Sin ... nihtiat 33 MA.NA KU.GI adu se-lu-a-te x-x [...] nu-si-ia-di annurig u-ra- di-eDE = sa-a-du sa URUDU to melt, said of copper, nigin = MIN sd la-me-e, to rove, said of going around, la.e = MIN d GI§.KIN.TI to melt, said of an oven Antagal F 254-256; LAGAB, [LAGABni'n]iLAGAB = sa-a-du to rove, de = MIN sd URUDU Nabnitu O 246-248. la sarruiqabbiini we have qu-qu(!) [adu] minu weighed the gold (and) silver which are in the treasury of Sin, shall we not melt down 33 minas of the gold together with .... , or shall 1. to become molten, to melt (intrans.): (the craftsmen) now hammer (it) out thin? ina imat kussi halpe suripi ina imdt nipih (we will wait) until (we hear) what the king MUL.KAK.SI.sA sa kima vRUDU i-su-du in the orders ABL 997:10, cf. 23 MA.NA KU.GI X.X.X days of cold, frost, (and) ice, in the days of adu se-lu-a-ti nu-si-ia-di z-ra-qu-qu adu me-ithe rising of Sirius, which is as red as molten nu Sa sarrubeli iqabbini ibid. 1194:5 (NA); ina copper AKA 140:15 (Tigl. I); sa ana tib kaks iSdti tu-sa-ad you melt (it) in the fire ZA 36 kisu ezzite gimir mdtdti ihila ultanapsaqa 206:2 and 7 (chem.). kima kis-ki-te-e i-su-da at the onslaught of whose terrible weapons all countries writhe saduq adj.; right, just; EA*; WSem. as if in labor, suffer, (and) melt like (metal in) word. an oven AAA 19 pi. 85:15 (Asn.); ana sabdt amur Sarru belija sa-du-uq ana jdSi aSSum girrijaGIS.TUKUL (copy: [SUIus1)-su-nu kima LU.MES GN see, my lord, I am right about the people of GN EA 287:32 (let. ofAbdi-Hepa). ki-is (text -ti)-[kil-te-e i-su-[dul when I set out on a campaign, their (the foreign princes') weapon(s) melt away as if (in) an oven KAH For the form saduq(a) occurring as an element in Amorite personal names, see Bauer 2 84:22 (Adn. II), see Ebeling, MAOG 9/3 14 nn. Die Ostkanaanaer p. 80b, ARM 1 103 r. 17'. 3 and 4; Ll.rUS.KU1(?).MES ina halhallatu KI. NE sa-li-ma bi-[...] iqabbi 2-£ asar (wr. KI) and for Mari, e.g., sahartu s.; small objects; OAkk., OB; wr. syll. and TUR.TUR; cf. seheru. KI.NE i-u-ud-du [... .. ] the kalzd-priests recite, (accompanied) by a halhallatu-drum,"(May) 59 oi.uchicago.edu sahartu sahatu 12 ganunu ana ga-ha-ar-tim one and a half from the same writer to the same addressee); 9 GUR SE.GIS.i BARA.GA (= hilsu) saluSti I.GIS (= ellu) ingots for small items PBS 9 20:4 (OAkk.), cf. 2 ganni ana TUR.TUR ibid. 21 r. 4; ezub ... SU.BA.AN.TI.MES ana ITI.1.KAM SE.GIS.I i- i TUR.TUR GiR NAGAR U sukut tisa sa abusa iddinusi apart from the baskets and the small items made by the carpenter, and her jewelry which her father gave her sa-ha-tu-ma i.GIS i.AG.E.ES CT 2 1:13 (OB), the sesame and deliver the oil CT 8 8e:10, cf. 6 SILA i.[GIs] si-ta-at SE.GIS.I sa ana saha-ti PN NAM PN, iddin ina SE.GIS.izakutim i.GIS i.AG.E YOS 12 340:3; 2 (GUR) SE.GIS.i 1 GUR GIN KU.BABBAR as-hu-ut I had two GIS.PISAN.HI.A (three brothers) received nine gur of sesame-the hilsu-oil (should amount to) one third of the ellu-oil -within one month they will s.-process cf., in the parallel text: ezub TUR.TUR sipir naggdrim ibid. 6:15. sahartu see sihru adj. saharu see seheru. sahatu v.; 1. to extract sesame oil, to process wine and juices (of other plants), 2. suhhutu (mng. uncert., said of eyes); from OB on; I ishut - isahhat, 1/2, II, 11/2, IV gur of sesame s.-processed for half a shekel (CT 22 38:28); wr. syll. and SuR; cf. mashatu, 2' in MB: SE.GIS.i sa hazannti la tamah. har attamannu SE.GIS.I li-is-hu-tu-I-ma i.GIS ana bit kunukki liseribu u atta SE.GIs.i-ka of silver per gur BIN 2 100:5; ten gur of sesame [a]na sa-ha-t[im] namharti PN i.sUR CT 8 36c:15. sahit karani, sahitu, sdhitutu, sahtu. sd-ur SUR = sa-hax(PE~)-tum MSL 2 137 e 5 (Proto-Ea), see MSL 3 192; su-ur unR = sa-h[a]-tum b S I 11, also A III/6:92; bi-iz BI = sa-ha-tum sd I A V/1:171; [ta-a]b GfR = hamatu, sarapu, s[a]-hatum A VIII/2:226ff.; za-an-ga i = za-'u sd i, saha-tu KI.MIN Ea II 22f.; [sur] = [sa-ha]-tum, [i.sur]= su-hu-ut-ma i.GIS ana bit kunukki s2rib do not accept sesame from the mayors, let each of them s.-process the sesame and deliver the oil to the storehouse, and you, too, s.-process your sesame and deliver the oil to the [MIN sa] i+GIS, [bi-iz] = [MIN a] i Antagal N i 4ff. tu-sa-ah-hat 5R 45 K.253 ii 38; ibid. vii 13 (gramm.). storehouse BE 17 84:6 and 9. tu-saKsa-hat 3' in Nuzi: 10 ANSE SE.I.GIS.MES ana saha-ti nadnu HSS 14 72:30. 1. to extract sesame oil, to process wine and juices (of other plants) - a) to extract sesame oil - 1' in OB: i.BARA.GA sa tusabi b) lam ana esenim ul natu SE.GIS.I mahrika lihlusuma ta-sa-ab mahrika li-is-hu-tu .... -oil (samnum halsum) to process wine: GESTIN.MES ad(var. as)-hu-ut resite ana Assur ... aqqi I drew wine and libated the first wine to Assur Iraq 14 41:39, var. from AKA 245 v 9 (Asn.); GIS. GESTIN ina panat a sa-hi-it the wine was drawn in my presence CT 22 38:9, cf. miris GIS.GESTIN ina pandtia [is]-sa-ha-at the resi- the which you sent me is disgusting (lit. not fit) to smell, (next time) let them perform the halasu (pressing) process on the sesame in your presence and due of the grapes should have been drawn stay there, then let them perform the s.- off in my presence ibid. 28, also lapani nakri nipta[lahma ni]-is-sa-ha-it (for nissahat) we process (likewise) in your presence YOS 258:12 (coll. F. J. Stephens); istuma i.GI sa tashuru drew it (without waiting for you) because we feared the enemy ibid. 30; sa 2 ANSE GIS. la tamuru kaspam Su'ati ina qdtikama usur ... gamer samassammi ana sa-ha-tim idin lu tidi GESTIN as(!)-sa-ha-a-ta I will draw (for u tem samassammi mala ana sa-ha-tim tanad= asahhata) two homers of wine ABL 456 r. 3 dinu panam sursiamma supram since you (both NB letters); see also sahit karani. could not find the oil that you were looking c) to process juices (of other plants, in for, keep the money for it yourself, give med. only): bina arqissu tuhassa ina A. all the sesame for the ,.-process, or else!, and GESTIN.NA KALA.GA tar-MUK (for tar-bak) ina please write me how much sesame you are kakkabi tubt ina Jsri ana libbi hulijam Sungiving for the s.-process YOS 2 11:25 and 27, at you press tamarisk (leaves?) while it is cf. ibid. 19 and 34, also ibid. 125:15 (both letters green, you steep it in strong "after-wine," 60 oi.uchicago.edu sahit karaini sahatu let it stand overnight, and in the morning you liquid through a cloth, while sahatu could refer to the final stage of skimming, and filling the jars, and be used by extension for the entire process. draw it into a huliam-vessel AMT 9,1:33, cf. ana libbi hulijam sa ta-ds-hu-tu tasappak you pour (the other ingredients) into the vessel (into) which you have drawn (the juice) ibid. 35; [... A].MES-s4-nu ana pursiti [Su]Rat you strain(?) their juice into a pursitu-pot AMT 13,6:14, cf. zer lidn kalbi arqissu tuhdz-za mesu ana pursiti sUR-at CT 23 26:2, Heb. sdhat in Gen. 40:11, with "wine" as the object, Talmudic Aram. sdhat, referring to squeezing the juice of fruits but not to wine, may be adduced as possible cognates. The meaning of suhhutu, referring to eyes, is difficult to connect with either the previously held meaning or with that proposed here. See discussion sub suhhutu adj. also [arqgi]ssu tuhassa meu SUR-at AMT 25,6 ii 13; arqissutaskl mesu UR-at AMT 14,3:7, also GIS.SINIG U.SIKIL isten[is ... ] tuhassa mesunu ta-<sa>-hat KAR 159 r. 14; (various plants) tapds mesunu SvR-[at ... ] AMT 38,3:8, also GAZ (= tapds) A.BI (= mnsu) taa-a-hat Kiichler Beitr. pl. 19 iv 14 (coll.), also tasdk A(text AS).BI ta-sa-hat AMT 28,6:2; me~u a UR-at amela saqu KAR 203 iv-vi 47 (pharm.), also ibid. 35, CT 14 31 D. T. 136:16. Obscure: you boil sahhiaru A s.; 1. mottled barley, 2. minor crop; SB, LB; cf. seheru. SE.GU.NU = sa-ha-rum Izbu Comm. 559. 1. mottled barley: see Izbu Comm., in lex. NA 4 .dSE.TIR sa kima se-im sa(var. adds -ah)-ha-ri sikinsu-pindu-stone, whose fruit of the kamkadu-tree TUG tu-bu-ku-ti Jaa appearance is like that of mottled barley section; OIP 2 127 d 3 (Senn.). sipati ina me ta-sa-bu ta-sa-hat you soak woolen rags(?) in water (and) wring them out(?) KAR 198:16. 2. 2. suhhut (mng. uncert., said of eyes, as passive only): IGIIIus-sa-ha-ta : MIN-U ul-tam-ma-a its (a lizard's) eyes contract(?) (explanation) its eyes repeatedly become surrounded CT 41 27 r. 32 (Alu Comm. to Tablet ina satti SE.BAR a' each year he will pay the 325 gur of barley, the 15 gur of wheat, the 30 gur of emmer wheat, the 17 gur of sesame, (and) the three gur of .... XXX); summa amelu ensu su-uh-hu-ta[-ma(?) ..] minor crop (LB): 325 GUR SE.GIG.BA a' 15 GUR SE.ZiZ a' 30 GUR SE.GIS.I a' 17 GUR SE.UD.E.DE a' 3 GUR PAP 400 GUR [EBUR1 SE.BAR u sah-ha-ri ... inandin , a total of 400 gur of the main cereal crop and of minor crop(s) AMT 13,3:4. PBS 2/1 158:18, cf. EBUR SE.BAR U sa-har ibid. 39:11, SE.BAR i sa-har-ri ibid. 105:1, SE.BAR a' u sa(text SA)-ha-ri a' ibid. 10, and passim, see The verb seems to refer to the whole process of obtaining oil from sesame and, in latetexts, a type of wine from grapes. The specific translation "to press" is to be abandoned, since sesame oil is obtained by boiling the seeds and skimming off the oil and not by pressing the seeds. This meaning "to press" is, moreover, excluded by the occurrences in the medical texts sub mng. Ic, where the object of the process sahatu is not the herb but the alreadyobtained juice (mu, lit. water). This suggests the more restricted meaning of drawing this liquid into vessels, which also fits the operations performed on wine and sesame oil. As to the processing of sesame, the verb haldsu used in this connection could describe the roasting and grinding of the sesame seeds (see sdhitu), as well as the straining of the eburu mng. 2e. The Akk. word for mottled barley, borrowed from Sum. se. gun(.nu), is usually segunu, q. v. Only in the Izbu Comm. is this word equated with s. Ungnad, ZA 38 80; Landsberger, JNES 8 281; Cardascia Archives des Murais p. 135 n. 8. sahharu B s.; (mng. unkn.); syn. list.* kar-til-lu-u = sa-ha-rum (preceded by a-sd-ru = sa-ra-hu) CT 18 9 K.4233+ ii 25 (coll.). sahharu see sihhiru. sahharitu g~it see sihhiritu. karani wr. SUR.GESTIN; 61 s.; processor of wine; NB; cf. sahatu. oi.uchicago.edu sahittu sahittu sag-ku-ru-un DIN+KASKAL+ SIG7 = sa-bu-u, sa-hiit ka-ra-nu Ea IV 221f.; kul.lum = si-ri-su-u beer brewer, sag.ku-ru-unDIN = sa-bu-u tavernkeeper, lu.gestin.sur.ra = sa-hi-it ka-ra-ni Antagal III 182ff.; l6.gestin.sur.ra = MIN (= sahi-tu) ka-ra-ni Lu IV 261. PN SUR.GESTIN(text 59:17 and 20 (NB). .GA) UCP 9 112 No. *sahittu 5' inNB - a' in gen.: 18 sila samassammi see sihittu. see sahitu. sahitu (fem. *sahittu) s.; preparer of sesame oil; from OAkk., OB on; wr. syll. and (LU) i.SUR(.RA), (SUR.RA YOS 2 11:31, 125:5, OB, SUR ADD 1077 viii 13, NA); cf. sahdtu. i.sur = sa-hi-tu Lu IV 260, also Lu Excerpt I 227; u6.i.sur = sa-hi-tu Igituh short version 254; udun.gub.ba, udun.i.gul, udun.i.sur, udun. i.sur.ra, udun.i.ga-abgab = kan-nu sd i.UVR Nabnitu XXII 27-31, cf. udun.i, udun.i.sur, udun.gub.ba = kan-nu Hh. X 364ff. b' as a "family name": PN apil LU...SURgi-ni-e TCL 13 131:2, and passim, also, wr. LU.I.SUR.GI.NA Nbn. 802:4, and passim, probably to be read isurgind. But note: PN apil LU. a) sahitu - 1' in OB, Mari: anumma PN u PN 2 SUR.RA attardakkum 2 SE.GUR SE.GIS.i sumhirsuma l[i-is]-hu-ut I am now sending to you PN and the oil maker PN,, issue to him two gur of sesame and let him process it YOS 2 125:5, cf. DUMU PN 2 SUR.RA ADD 775:4, PN LU T.SUR ADD 65:6, 244 r. 11, 320 r. 4, KAJ 189:12, note: bread and beer ana SUR.MES (for i. SUR.MES?) ADD 1077 viii 13. ina sattuk LU.i.SUR sesame from the regular offerings of the oil makers Nbn. 809:1, cf. sesame sattuk sa MN ... ana PN LU.i.ISUR nadin Nbn. 1060:15, also 901:3, Camb. 395:8, also SamaSammi sa ana makkiri u LU.i.SUR. ME nadnu (heading of a list) TCL 13 232:21, but note (in similar accounts and in part to the same person, in barley) Nbn. 762:3, (dates) Nbn. 612:18, (silver) Nbn. 792:2, and Camb. 91:2, also sulupp sa ina pani PN LU.i.SUR YOS 3 9:44 (let.); PN LU..iSUR VAS 1 70 iii 20, Nbn. 762:3, LU.i.SUR.GI.NA, Nbn. 994:3, also sesame ana LU.I.SUR.GI.NA.ME nadnu BIN 1 152:13. The reading of the OB ref. JCS 2 87 No. 12:6 is too uncertain to be connected with this word. sahittu 4' in NA: LU..iSUR Bab. 7 pl. 5 (after p. 96) iii 8 (NA list of professions); 4 LU i.SUR.MES i. UR-sat-tuk (same person elsewhere named as a descendant of LU.i.UR.GI.NA) VAS 3 99:2, see gind A s. mng. 2c-1'. 6' in SB: salmanija ipusuma ina kanni LU.i. SUR itmeru they made images of me and roasted them in the oil maker's oven AfO 18 292:35 (inc.), see kannu a i.SUR Nabnitu, in attar: dak[kum] 2 GUR SE.GIS.I Su[mhirS]u lishut ibid. 11:31; 1 BAN i.GI§ namharti PN sa-hitim CT 8 38a:4; x sesame namharti PN I.SUR CT 8 36c:17, also YOS 5 204:4; PN LU I.SUR (list) BE 6/1 93:4, PN i.SUR (as witness) VAS 13 56 r. 11, Gautier Dilbat 6 r. 13; x SE Sa- lex. section; summa ina MN KI.NE iddi if he hi-tu ana KAS (series Inbu), also K.4068- r. ii 19. establishes an oven (with variant gloss kan-nu sd 1.SUR an oil maker's oven) 4R 33* iv 20 x barley (to) the s. for beer 5 486:10; in Mari: PN i.SUR ARM 7 UET 120:38', cf. LU.i.SUR ARMT 7 p. 360. b) *sahittu: GEME sa-hi-da-tum MDP 14 No. 71 iii 6 (OAkk.); the inhabitants of GN ibid. 103 r. 4' and 7', see 2' in MB: PN i.SUR Sa KUR Assurki TA Kalhi TA Ninua ilaqqiu take female oil makers from Assyria, from Calah as well as from Nineveh sa-hi-ta-a-te PBS 2/2 92:6, ibid. 106:12, BE 14 151:30, LU.i.SUR PBS 2/2 51:6, BE 14 8:3, LU.i.SUR.MES PBS 1/2 73:28 (let.). TCL 9 67:12 (NA), cf. ibid. 24 and 30. The characteristic equipment of the sahitu were the oven in which he roasted the sesame seeds and the millstone (see erd B usage c-3') on which he ground them into a pulp which was mixed with water and boiled in order to extract the oil. 3' in Nuzi: x sesame ana PN LU sa-hi-du HSS 14 72:26; 1 DAL i ina suti sa LI sa-hi-ti one tallu-jar with oil according to the seahmeasure of the s. HSS 13 488:24; PN sa-hi-du (among slaves and craftsmen receiving rations) HSS 16 227:29. 62 oi.uchicago.edu sahitiitu sahtu sahituitu s.; 1. guild or association of oil processors, 2. prebend of this guild; NB; wr. was usually mentioned as being connected with professions concerned with the prepaLU.i.SUR with phon. complements, note LU. ration or serving of food. The mention of dates NI+TUK-ti Camb. 128:2 and 4, LU.NI.TUK.MES and the occurrence of episnu, "confectioner," Nbn. 607:2, LU.NI.TUK--tu ibid. 7; cf. sahatu. beside the sehitu oil maker (Nbn. 424:6) seem to indicate that the sdhitu oil makers were 1. guild or association of oil processors connected with the preparation of sweetmeats, a) wr. LU.i.sUR: one shekel of silver ina of which sesame oil was an ingredient. The pappasu LU.i.SUR-t ana muhhi LU.I.SUR.MES ana ristu nadin from the funds of the s. was expenditures are sometimes specified as ana given to the oil processors for fine oil Camb. riStu, "for fine oil." 418:2f.; x dates ina pappasu LU.i.SUR-4-tu [x D]UMU.MES sa Murdnu [ana] PN [x Mu]ranu nadnu Dar. 98:7, cf. silver ana muhhi LT.i.SUR.MES ana PN sa ana muhhi rustu(!) illik nadin Camb. 91:2, ina pappasu LU.. SUR ana PN [ana r]istu(!) nadin cf. silver ana x samassammi ina pappasu sa LU.I.SUR-4-tu ana PN nadin Nbk. 349:4, also ibid. 362:4, 375:4 and 10, Nbn. 970:3, of. Nbn. sahru see sihru adj. sahtu adj.; drawn (said of wine); MB, gis.gestin.sur.ra = sa-ah-tu (followed by nu-zi-qu raisins) Hh. III 16b. gis.gestin.sur.ra u.me.ni.su.su : ka-ra-ni sa-ah-ti su-bu-um-ma (for subuma) water(?) "drawn wine" (to be used with alum for tanning) KAR 42 r. 12f. b) wr. LU.NI+TUK-ti, etc.: four shekels of silver rihitu sa pappasu L .NI+TUK-ti Sa MN PN 1 GiN ina pappasu LU.NI+TUK-t4 ina pappasu sa DUMU.MES Murdnu ana PN, Sa ana muhhi rustu illik nadnu the balance of the funds assigned for the s. for MN (given to) a) PN, one shekel from the funds assigned for in med. use - 1' as a potion: GESTIN. SUR.RA sikara danna isatti she should drink the s., (namely) from the funds of the members of (the guild of) Murinu (head of the sdhitu oil processors), given to PN 2, which (silver) was expended for fine oil Camb. 128:2 and 4; one shekel of silver PN ina pappasu LU.NI.TUK.MES ana ristu 1 GIN Murdnu ina pappasu LU.NI.TUK--tu Nbn. "drawn wine" (and) strong beer KAR 195 r. 5. cf. GESTIN.SUR.RA [... NAG]-ma KAR 202 r, iv 3. 2' as a vehicle for drugs: sarmadu u GIS.GESTIN. SUR.RA bati[q] beli lisebilam lustaq: qima there is a shortage of sarmadu-herb or "drawn wine," my lord should send me (some) so that I can give it (to her) as a potion (referring to maSqit kis libbi potion for stomach 607:2 and 7. LU.i.5UR-gi-nu-ti/tu The writing Lf.NI.TUK cannot be explained. Bogh., SB; wr. SUR(.RA) in (GIS.)GESTIN. SUR(.RA) for karanu sahtu; cf. sahatu. 424:2 and 8, also (in broken context) Nbn. 940:9, Evetts Ev.-M. Appendix 3:5 (Xerxes). Note should be taken as sdhsitutu, the pl. of sdhitu, designating the members of the association, rather than as the abstract term for the association itself. Nbn. 792:2; one shekel of silver ina pappasu LU..iUR-u-tu ana Murdnu nadin Nbn. 712:2, 2. prebend of this guild: LU.i.SUR-u-ti VAS 15 28:5. The designation sahitutu, wr. L.I.i.SURalternates with LU.i.SUR.(ME), which u-tu, (sale of) isqasu ache) PBS 1/2 72:23 (MB let.); you bray various herbs ina GESTIN.SUR balu patn isattima BIN 1 96:5 and 10, probably to be read isurginutu. The texts sub mng. la are all administrative records concerning expenditures of small iballut he drinks them on an empty stomach in "drawn wine" and gets well CT 23 46 iv 6, cf. Kiichler Beitr. pi. 5 iv 51, pi. 6 i 27, pl. 10 iii 23, and passim, also (parallel to me nurmi pomegranate juice) AMT 60,1:20, Summa ina GESTIN. UR.RA Summa ina sikari u samni halsi «GAZ NAG.MES [...] KAR 193:11. amounts of silver or other commodities made to sd.hitu oil makers, and sometimes specified to be used for buying sesame. These amounts were disbursed from the fund (pappasu)that 63 oi.uchicago.edu sahtu 3' as a decoction used for a compress: ina kima rabiki tarabbak you prepare a decoction (from the herbs) in "drawn wine" (and apply a compress) KUB the writing with GIs is attested in Hh., in the MB let., in the Bogh. med. texts, and in halsu-oil and boiled beer AMT 26,5:8 + 69,3:13, cf. GESTIN.SUR.RA ina me kast ana suburri[su tasappak] AMT 58,2:6, cf. also AMT 43,6:8, this technique see Low Flora I 94. GESTIN.SUR.RA AMT 40,4:9 and dupl. 54,3:15, the term must refer primarily to grapes or a grape mash as well as to the liquid decanted ("drawn") from 37 1:17, also (wr. with GIS) ibid. 22, see Kocher, such a mash, hence the proposed translation AfO 16 48, cf. ina GESTIN.SUR tarabbak KAR "drawn wine." Only in the NB period is the 188:8, CT 23 39:8, AMT 1,4:2+99,2 r. iii 1', also ina GESTIN.SUR U KAS.SAG tulabbak tusabsal term used to refer to a wine which could be served to the gods (see RAcc. sub usage b). CT 23 46 iv 7, cf. AMT 55,6:6; lu ina GESTIN. SUR.RA lu ina tdbdti ensdti ina musahhini [... ] Previous to this period, the processing of the either in "drawn wine" or in sour after-wine grape mash seems to have produced a liquid containing a high proportion of tannin (see you [...] in a kettle AMT 92,4+92,9 r. 6, cf. ina GESTIN.SUR.RA talds ina musahhini kima the use for tanning in KAR 42, in lex. section) which was adequate only for medical use. The rib[ki tar-bak] AMT 82,2 r. 11. 4' as an enema: [GESTIN].SUR.RA samna term tdbdti (or possibly ddbati, log. A.GESTIN. halsa [KA]S.SEG 6 .GA ana Suburriu taappak NA) seems to refer to the "after-wine" obyou give him an enema of "drawn wine," tained by pouring water over the mash; for 57,1:1. 5' other occs.: [srursum]me sikari urn summe GESTIN.UR beer-sediment and sediment from "drawn wine" (for a poultice) CT 23 12:52; disip sadd GESTIN.SUR U KAS istenis tustemmid you mix mountain honey, "drawn wine" and beer AMT 50,5:3, cf. ina GESTIN.SUR ana SA [...] lex.* For kannu oil maker's oven, see sahitu lex. section. shu (sidhu) v.; to laugh, to smile, to be alluring, to act coquettishly; from OAkk., OB on; I isih-idsh, 1/2, 1/3, II (inf. and stative only); a-sa-ia-ah KAR 158 ii 7, I/3 issandh and issenih; cf. musihhu, sajcdhnis, sajahu adj. and s., sihis, sizhtu, Sihu, sichtu, CT 14 41 Rm. 362:5 (pharm.), KUB 4 58:9, AMT 66,7:3, GIS) AMT 40,4:9. sahu (or zahu) s.; oil maker's oven; udun.i = sa-a-hu, kan-nu Hh. X 363. also (with suhzhu, shu. b) in magic and rel.: ana muhhi me gassi tdbdti GESTIN.SUR.RA uluinna tanaqqi over (the sweepings) you libate whitewash, sour after-wine, "drawn wine" (and) emmer-beer 4R 59 No. 1:33; 4 sappi hurdsi sa GESTIN.SUR. RA ana mahar dAnim tarakkas you set out zu-ur ZUR = s -uh-hu A VIII/1:32; zu-ur-zu-ur = [si-al-hu-um OBGT XIII lla; ul = sa-a-[hu] A-tablet 230; nu.us.ri.a = sa-a-hu (var. us.zu.a.ri.a = s-nahu, in group with ir-ru-um, see iru s., and hamd C, q.v.) Erimhu sV 104. before DN four golden bowls with "drawn wine" RAcc. 62:5, cf. ibid. 10, sikaru rest adi GESTIN.SUR.RA tukannu (for tukan) ibid. 68:20 and 25, cf. 66:9; maqqi hurdsi GESTIN. SUR.RA tanaqqa you libate "drawn wine" from a libation vessel ibid. 68:22 and 27. gen.: ZUR.ZUR = su-uh-hu Diri II 16;[sur a) sahu - 1' to laugh, to smile - a' in a-si-ha-me dannis dannis I laughed very heartily MAD 1 298:6 and 15 (OAkk.); [summa awilum] ina saldlisu is-si-ih if a man laughs in his sleep (parallel: ibakki line 43) AfO 18 64 i 39 (OB omens), ... cries cf. summa ana pan ilisu i-si-ih (parallel: ibakki line 5) TCL 6 9 r. 4 (SB Alu); s'umma amelu ina salalisu (wr. KI.NA-4) iStanassi is-se-ni-ih The reading of the log. GESTIN.SUR.RA as karanu sahtu is established from the bil. text cited in the lex. section, although the reading *sihtu may also be considered, as suggested by the parallel formations miz'u for KAS. SUR.RA and hilsu beside samnu halsu. Since if a man often cries out or laughs in his sleep LKA 136 r. 24 (catchline), of. CT 37 49 K.9739+ :9 (= AfO 18 74), also CT 40 25 K.5642:2 and 7; Summa ilu ana pan amili i-sa-na-ah (parallel: 64 oi.uchicago.edu sa'idu ibakki line 10') Dream-book 332:12'; idgul= a-si-ih-ku-ma-an TUR.TUR would that I had suma Anu is-si-ih ana muhhiu when Anu tried to attract you, my little one ibid. r. ii 41. saw him (Adapa), he smiled to himself on b) suhhu: see A VIII/1, Diri, in lex. EA 356:66 (Adapa), cf. section, but note the same Sum. equivalent account of him STT 28 vi 30 (Nergal and Ereskigal); i-si-ih z ur .ra for suhu, s.v.; my soldiers plucked the ismema Gilgameszikir malikisu ippalsamma abundant fruit of the orchards a-na an-x-ti i-si-ih ana ib[risu] when Gilgames heard the lib-bi la ezibu dare satti su-uh-hu so that speech of his councilors, he stole a mocking they did not leave any (fruit for) pleasure(?) glance at his friend Gilg. Y. 201, cf. ahdmis ippalsuma is-se-ni-ih-hu (Dumuzi and Nin- TCL 3 225 + for the rest of the year for .... KAH 2 141; summa bitu sikinsu su-4-uh if the gizzida) exchanged amused glances EA 356:46 (Adapa); hazannu ismema kal jme i-si-ih appearance of a house is pleasant (opposed when the mayor heard (these words), he its roof, in the same sequence) ibid. 21. to neh) CT 38 14:3 (SB Alu), cf. (with tardnsu laughed all day STT 38:69 (= AnSt 6 150, Poor Man of Nippur); summa serru ubdnsu rabitu Landsberger, ZA 40 297f. and ZA 42 163ff. sahurtu <ana>libbisu (var. libbi qdtisu) turrat u madis is-se-ni-ih if a baby's thumb is turned inwards (var. towards its hands) and it laughs a lot sa'i s.; (a type of field); RS; foreign word. A.SA.HI.A PN i-na // sa-i MRS 6 47 RS 16.150:11, ina A.SA.MES sa-i ibid. 136 RS Labat TDP 224:62, cf. magal i-si-ih STT 91:12 (med.); suh la pakki is-se-ni-ih (if) 15.141:6 and 12, 35 RS 15.182:5, cf. A.SA.MES- U sA a-a-i ibid. 50 RS 16.277:6; A.SA sa-a-i ibid. 135 RS 15.140:5, 118 RS 15.155:5; A.SA.MES sa-a-i 138 RS 16.131:6. he laughs all the time without reason Labat TDP 178:6; qaqqadu naksu i-si-ih a severed head laughed CT 29 48:2 (SB list of portents), sa i-na A. also CT 41 22:19 (SB Alu); alamgdte anndte ... ina muhhi si-a-hi e-fta-pal-[d]s I had these sculptures made for(?) the pleasure (of the sg>idu (sdidu) adj.; 1. foraging (said of animals), 2. prowling, roving, 3. roving, restless (metaphorical expression for gold); SB, Akkadogram in Hitt.; cf. sadu A. population?) AKA 153:5 (Assur-bel-kala). b' alisa see suhurtu. in a personal name: Ta-sa-ah-anaShe(the goddess)-Smiles-on-her-City za-an-bur BAD.KASKAL = sa-i-du Ea II 94; te-es-se-ni-ih the daughter of the "Great Lady" allowed your servants, your officers, ur.nigin = sa-a'-i-du (vars. sa-i-du, UR sa-i-du) Hh. XIV 97; ur.ni-gi-innigin = sa-a-a-i-du = MIN (= kal-bu) [...] Hg. A II 279 in Landsberger Fauna p. 36; zag.nigin musen = [s]a-i-du = na-am-x-su Hg. D 321, also Hg. B IV 245; lu.edin.ni-niNIGIN = sa-i-du Nabnitu 0 261; lu.x.nigin.na = sa-i-du(text -i) PSBA 18 pl. 2 after p. 256 r. i 2' (school tablet). ur.gerx(KU).ginx(GIM) nigin.e igi.mu.un. i .in .bar .r e .e . n e : kima kalbi ga-i-du ittanaprarru sunu (Akk.) they (the demons) run around in all directions like a foraging dog CT 16 34:217f.; u4 gal.gal.la.a.mes udug.hul nigin.na.mes : iumu rabiti utukku lemnctu sa-i-du (var. sa-i-du-ti) sunu they are powerful storm demons, evil, prowling utukku-demons CT 16 9 i 40f. sa-i-du = hu-ra-su Malku V 170. and your .... -s to come into her presence, and she behaved coquettishly MRS 6 43 RS 16.270:25; ana nahsi re'f a-sa-ia-ah I entice Hg. A, CT 16 34, in lex. section. CT 4 39a:1 and 9 (OB). c' with libbu in reflexive meaning: libbi ana amdrika is-si-ha-an-ni I was happy at the thought of seeing you (soon) BE 17 89:9, also PBS 1/2 36:10 (both MB letters); ana sitar prusu hutennisu i-sa-ha libbasu he finds pleasure in hurling his javelin AKA 353:26 (Asn.). 2' to be alluring, to act coquettishly: DUMU.SAL SAL ra-bi-ti ardutika rabitika u LU.MES sa-qa-x ana pa-ni-satuserib u ittisunu S 1. foraging (said of animals): see Hh. XIV, the lusty shepherd boy (incipit of a song) 2. prowling, roving: see CT 16 9, in lex. harrdndti sa la amra sa-'-i-da section; ta[ttarru] you (Samas) always lead the KAR 158 ii 7, cf. ke si-ha-a-keu ana nahi how I entice (my) lusty boy ibid. r. ii 7, also 65 oi.uchicago.edu saidu salabitu roving man (safely) on unknown paths (lit. the vagrant (belonging to the Hittite king) saj~ahani adv.; happily; SB*; cf. sahu. ushi lumun kalbi sa zumrija sa-a-a-ha-n[iis] balata qisam remove from my body the evil caused by a dog, grant that I may live MVAG 32 32:59, 60, 64 and 66 (treaty). happily that have never been discovered) Lambert BWL 130:67; LIT SA-A-I-DU (Akkadogram in Hitt.) 3. roving, restless (metaphorical expression for gold): see Malku, in lex. section. saj~hu (fem. sajahtu and sajFhitu) adj.; delightful, lascivious; OB, SB*; cf. sdhu. Ad mng. 3: Ungnad, Or. NS 4 298. saidu [nam.dub].sar.ra nam.in.da.ab tuk.a la. la.bi nu.un.gi 4 .gi 4 : [tup-sa]r-ru-tumsa-a-a-haat-ma la-la-id(var.-a-szi) ul issebbi the scribal art is delightful and one cannot be sated with its appeal OECT 6 36 Kish 1926-376:3f. (coll.) and TCL 16 pl. 170:2 (praise of scribal art). see sa'idu. sairinnu see zarinnu A. sajadu (fem. sajdditu)adj.; roaming about; SB*; cf. sadu A. a) sajadu: ki munnabti sa-a-a-di e-mid-da saht sadisu he hid in the recesses of his mountain like a roaming fugitive TCL 3 150 a) delightful: ana pass5r sakke esen ukldt bit emi sa-a-a-ha-tim I have heaped the fancy dishes for the wedding on the festival platter Gilg. P. iv 26, after photograph PBS 10/3 pl. 70; ishunnatu ullulat ana dagala tabat uqnu nasi hashalta inba nasima ana amari sa-a-a-ah bunches of grapes hang (from it), beautiful to look upon, of lapis lazuli is the foliage, it bears fruit and is delightful to behold Gilg. Ix v 51; URU.BAR.SIB.KI ana samami ki mas[il] (Sar.). b) sajdditu: bajartu a mili sa-a-a-di-tum sa kal umu she who hunts (people) by night, she who roams about all day long Maqlu III 47; mamit utukki sa-a-a-du-ti (var. tuk-k[i] sa-ia-du-u-te) the curse (caused by) the demons who roam about (with the parallels sahhiruti and muttaggisuti in the next two ... lightful to the god (hymn to Borsippa). ZA 53 238 VAT 3847:3 b) lascivious: mamit dGazbabasa-a-[a]-hi-ti (vars. sa-a-[a]-hi-i-ti, sa-ia-hi-[i]-te) the oath The irregular fem. sajdditu may belong with an unattested *sajadu. There is no sufficient reason to take the word as *saj by DN, the ever-laughing one Surpu III 79; mdmit sedi sa-ia-hu-ti (var. sa-ia-hu--te) the "curse" of the ever-lascivious (satyr-like) juditu (von Soden, GAG § 56 o No. 36b). spirits ibid. 84. sajadu s.; stalker, stalking (hunter); SB*; cf. sddu A. [dSama]s imahharka ba'irkatimti sa-a-a-du mdhisu muterru buli ina punzirri usandi imahharka 0 Samas, the fisherman who catches with nets addresses you with prayers, the stalking (hunter), and the one who drives the game by beating, the fowler (who hunts) from the blind-(each) addresses you with Lambert BWL 134:141; mi-im-ma isu sa-a-a-ah DINGIR how Bor- sippa resembles the heavens, all of it is de- lines) Surpu III 85. prayers KAR 64 r. 18 (inc.). For the fem. form, see discussion sub sajidu adj. Landsberger, ZA 42 164. sajahiu s.; (a bird, lit. laughing bird); SB*; cf. sahu. zi.su.kud.da.musen = sa-a-a-hu = la-ha-an-tu Hg. B IV 287, also Hg. C 4; gir.gi.lum.musen = sa-a-a-a-hu = a-ra-bu (var. a-ra-bu-u-a) Hg. B IV 274, var. from Hg. D 326. ina HUL sa-a-a-hu <MUSEN> against the sa-a-a-du hdbilu-amelu ina put masqi sasu ustamhirs a stalking (hunter) (and) trapper(?) confronted him at the edge of the watering place Gilg. I evil (omen caused) by the s.-bird ii 42, cf. ibid. ii 45, iii 1, 13, 26, 40f., 46 and 49, and salabittu see salabitu. CT 41 24 iii 15 (SB rel.). Landsberger, ZA 40 298. VII iii 4; summa Sep kalbi sakin sa-a-a-ad if salabitu (or salabittu)s.; (a resin); Bogh.* (a man) has (a foot like) a dog's paw, he is a hunter Kraus Texte 19 iii 8', cf. ibid. 22 i 33'. GIS.ERIN GIS sa-la-bi-ta// ku-u-un GIS sa-la- 66 oi.uchicago.edu salalu sala'ittu bi-ta u-ul i-di GIs daprdna ... SIM.HI.A an: niti kalisina ina esitti tahassal cedar (resin), s.-gloss: I do not know this s.-juniper (and various aromatics), all these aromatics you crush with a pestle KUB 37 1:9, see AfO 16 48. Possibly the same word as sala'ittu. t sala'ittu s.; (a plant); plant list.* AA 1 AB.GAB, u sapru, sapratu, U sa-la-it-tu, v kipni : U ka-man-td Uruanna II 162ff. See salabitu. salalu in la salalu s.; restlessness, sleeplessness; OB, SB; cf. salalu. They rebelled against him from east to west la sa-la-lai-mi-id-[su] and he (Marduk) afflicted him (Sargon of Agade) with restless moving about King Chron. 2 9:23 (SB), cf. la sa-la-lu GAR.[x] ZA 42 49:19b (chronicle), also NU sa-la-lu KAR 421 i 5, see Weidner, AfO 13 236; kima jdti la sa-la-lum [...] [may she be afflicted] with sleeplessness like myself JCS 15 7 ii 8 (OB lit.), also emdeku la sa-la-lu mila u urra Maqlu I 8, and (similar) Schollmeyer No. 18:16; ' -a a-a-umr la sa-lal-u nazaqsu nissassu tanihhu ... ukkisa ina zumrisu remove from his (the sick person's) body woe and sorrow, his sleeplessness, his worrying, his gloom, his weariness Surpu IV 85; esmeti sunu alqd ana mat Assur etemmesunu la sa-lala imid I took their bones with me to Assyria and thus prevented their spirits from being at rest (in their tombs) Streck Asb. 56 vi 75. Weidner, AfO 13 236. salalu v.; 1. to lie asleep, to fall asleep, to be at rest (said of the spirits of the dead, of an abandoned city), to remain inactive, to sleep with a woman, 2. III to let or make sleep, to put to rest; from OB on; I islal-isallal -salil, III, i-sa-lu-ul only in EA 84:14 (let. ofRib-Addi), imp. silal (uncert., only in the GN A-ku-ul-si(var. -si)-la-al CT 29 5a:5, TCL 10 133:47, UET 5 873:22, OB); wr. syll. (NA KAR 202 r. iv 14, Labat TDP 158:20); cf. masals lu, musldlu, salalu in la stallu, salilu A, sadlilu in la sdlilu, sallalu, sallu adj., sallitu. [ku-i] [KUt] = [sa-l]a-a-lum MSL 2 127 i 30 (Proto-Ea); ku-u KU = sa-la-lum MSL 2 150:3 (Proto-Ea App.); ku-ku KU.KU = sa-la-a-lu Ea I 5* 159; Kuku-kuKU = sa-ka-pu d sa-la-li Antagal A 206. lu-u LU = sa-la-lum MSL 2 152:47 (Proto-Ea App. 2). [nu-u] [NA] = dGIS.NA er-su, sa-la-lum, [r]a-ba-su A VIII/4:193ff.; za-aNI = [...], iU.ku.ku = [sa-la-lu], nu-uNA = [MI] Antagal G 73ff.; na // ki-is-na (pronunciation gloss for gis.n) = sa(text a)-la-lu-u KUB 3 94 ii 12. I = si-it-tu, ka-a-ru, sa-la-l[u] Diri II 116ff.; = sit-tum, [u].sa = MIN d sga-la-li Antagal e l'f. u.[lul].la.ku.ku : sa(!)-lal sarrati sal-lu he (Enlil) who is awake even when he seems to be asleep (lit. who sleeps a false sleep) Langdon BL No. 208:17, cf. (for Sum. only) ibid. No. 56:7, also SBH p. 52:21, p. 78:25, etc., also BiOr 6 166:12, see Landsberger, DLZ 25 2101; difficult: lul.la. bi.se ... al.na : ina sar-ti-su ... sal-lu4 SBH p. 78:21f.; sul ba.dib.ba.na ba.ra.e u.e en.na ti.la.zu.se (late version: sul.ba.dib.ba. ni u.ba.ra en.na ti.la.zu.se) : etlu sa akmu(var. adds -ka)-ma adi uballituka la as-la-lu-ma I, the man, who could not find sleep after I put you (the saddnu-stone) in fetters until I released (lit. revived) you Lugale XI 48; [mu.ge. 7 ib na.Am ur]u.na I.«(an>.na .nu.ku.ku: istarzt assum alisa assum bztisa ul i-sal-lal the Divine (i.e., Istar) cannot sleep on account of her city (and) her temple BRM 4 9:32; ki.gis.du 1 1 .ga.a.ni it nu.mu.un.si.ib.ku.ku (var. nu.um.[ku.ku]): [ina asr]i rehutisu ul i-sal-lal she (Ninmah) does not sleep where he (Ninurta) was conceived Lugale VIII 40; note also: sipa nu.ku.ku.na : re'u Genouillac Kich 2 C 1:6ff., in dalapu A lex. section; u.nu.mu.un.na.[...] u.nu.mu.un.[ku.ku] : ul i-na-al [.. .] ul i-sal-lal SBH p. 115 r. 16f., also [g]a.da.ku : lu-us-lal KAR 375 i 53f., but [ga].da.na : lut-til ibid.44f.; ud.1 ga.ba.da.an.na : sd uD-ma lu-us-lal ASKT p. 88-89:18; [mu.lu] na.a e.lum mu.lu na.a 6n.se ba.an.na.a : [sa] sal-lu be-lu4 sa sal-lu4 a-di ma-ti sa-lil how long will the master, who sleeps on and on, stay asleep? 4R 23 No. 1 i 26f., cf. ibid. 28ff.; [urud. .ba] al.na uru.bar.ra al.na me.e <al.di.di.di.in> : [sa ina] ali sa-lilsa ahdt ali sa-lil ana-ku <addl> SBH p. 54:7f., also 9f.; am.al.na te.nu.um.zi.zi (var. te.nu.[...]) : be-lu 4 a sa-al-lu mi-nam la i-da-ab-[bu-ub] (var. la i-te-eb-[ba-a]) why does the master, who is asleep, not speak (var. not arise)? SBH p. 56:19ff., Sum. repeated line 22f., var. from VAT 7824: Iff., forwhich see Notscher Ellil pl. 1; uiz.e u.sa.ni.ginx( IM) he. ug .ga : e-zu ki-ma sa-la-li-sa li-mu-ut so that the goat may be dead instead of asleep Genouillac Kich 2 C 1 r. 15f. (OB), cf. dam.tur(var. .da) nA.a.ra : sd it-ti mu-ti sal-[lu] (ni-lu also possible) SBH p. 37:4f., cf. dumu.dam(var. .da) na.a.ra : sd it-ti ma-ri sal-lu (or ni-lu) ibid. 6f., var. from BRM 4 9:48f.; na.Am.tar. 67 u-li-i-sa-la-al sa oi.uchicago.edu salalu salalu bi. e dressing a baby) like a gazelle K.9171+:2', also si.ku.ku [lu-u sa-a]l-la-ta ki-ma ar-me-i DUMU MAS.DA ibid. 11', cf. [... lit]-ta-ad-nu-sumkima ar-me-i .nu.mu.un.si.ku.ku [u.nu].mu.un. u.sa nu.mu.un.dib.bi.en [al.di. di.d]e.in nu.kdus..de.en [... e]n : [ana] sZmatisu ul a-sal-lal [ul a]-sal-lalsittu ul isabbatanni [ad]dl ul a-na-hi on account of its (the city's) fate I cannot fall asleep, I cannot fall asleep, sleep does not come to me, I roam about and cannot find rest (Akk. translates the Sum. "I do not tire" with ndhu, "to rest," instead of anhu) SBHp. 54:11-17; al.di.di.de(var. .me).en nu.kdus..de(var. .me).en i.di.di.de(var. .[me]).en u nu.ku. ku.de(var. .me).en : attallak [ul] nah [add]lma [ul a-s]al-lal I walked around (and) did not get tired (but now) I roam about and cannot find sleep Lambert BWL 237 r. iv 14, Sum. restored from Gordon Sumerian Proverbs p. 133 Coll. 1 174, with vars.; u.nu.mu.un.ku.ku [nu.mu.un].zi.zi: ul i-sal-lal u[l] usapsah he (the sick person) cannot fall asleep, he cannot find rest CT 17 10:68f.; nu.ku.ku nu.sed 7 .de : la sa-la-la la pa-[sa-ha] OECT 6 pl. 17 K.5267:9f.; [gis].na.ge 6 .u.[na. kex(KID) nu.m]u.un.da.ku.ku : [ina] ma-a-aa[l mTi ul] i-sal-lal CT 17 29:19f.; [dam.lu dumu].SAL.lu dag.gi4.a.ti.la u.nu.mu.un. na.ku. .d[e] : [as]at awili mdrat awili sa ina babtim wasba i-sa-al-la-la-ki wives and daughters who live in the city quarter cannot sleep on account of you RA 24 36 r. 3, see van Dijk La Sagesse 92; mu.tin.men u.nu.mu.un.da.ku. [ku] : ar-da-turn ana-ku ul a-sal-lal I am a young woman, I cannot sleep Langdon BL No. 8 r. 10; u.lul.an.ku.ku [...] : mu-sd-as-lil da-[al-pi ... ] sd sa-lal sar(!)-[ra-a-ti] sal-la he (Nergal) brings sleep to the sleepless (but) is awake even when he seems to sleep (lit. sleeps a false sleep) K.1296, after coll. in ASKT p. 201 and OECT 6 p. 1; [u] nu.ku.ku u.nu.dulo.dul 0 .da. [am] : ul u-d-as-lal sit-ta ul us-ta-a-bi it (the disease) makes (one) sleepless, it does not allow sweet sleep CT 17 25:6f. u-la 1. to lie asleep, to fall asleep, to be at rest (said of the spirits of the dead, of an abandoned city), to remain inactive, to sleep with a woman - a) to lie asleep, to fall asleep 1' in gen.: lu ereta la tallaka lu sal-la-a-ta la tetebbd you (evil god) should not come to me if you are awake, not get up if you lie asleep Maqlu VI 13; itil la tete[bbi] lu sal-la-a-ta la te[bdta] go to bed and do not get up, you should stay asleep and not be up! Craig ABRT 2 8 i 8, see Ebeling, MAOG 5/3 11, cf. lu sa-al-la-ta sa-li-lu ipasah ibid. r. 10 (restored from dupls. K.9171+AMT 96,2); but note: (when Irra is sa-la-la may sleeping be given to him as (to) a gazelle Sm. 1190+1409+1538:7', also [is-tu i]gge-el-tu-ma la i-sal-lal AMT 96,2:13'; zamar sa-lil zamar dr he (the sick person) is now asleep, now awake VAT 13608 (MA diagn., courtesy Kocher); i-sal-lal-ma la itebbi STT 89:184 (SB diagn.); if the sick person ustanattak u sa-lil constantly dribbles from his lips and he is (always) asleep Labat TDP 162:59; [sum: ma awilum] ina sa-la-li-su issih if a man laughs while he is asleep AfO 18 64 i 39 (OB omens), and (in similar contexts) ibid. 41, 43 and ii 1, also Summa amelu ina KI.NA-S sa-lil ZAG if a man (habitually) sleeps on (his) right side CT 37 49 K.9739:2, and passim in this type of omen, see Oppenheim, AfO 18 73ff.; summa ... ina bantisu NA-ma if he sleeps on his stomach Labat TDP 158:20, cf., wr. salil-ma ibid. 19; summa awilum i-nu-ma(!) sa-al-lu if a man (dreams) while he is asleep (that the town falls again and again upon him) AfO 18 67 iii 28, and cf. i-nu-ma sa-al-lu ibid. 31; ana nsuzu tusama sa-al-la-ku to him I seemed to be asleep ARM 2 129:22; u i-sa-lu-ul ana bit u[rsi]ja and now he sleeps in my bedroom EA 84:14 (let. of Rib-Addi); sittu irtehisu sa- lil tubbatu u-sd-as-lil-ma Apsd rehi sittu sleep came upon him, he was sound asleep, while he (Ea) put Apsf to sleep, he (himself) was overcome by sleep En. el. I 64f., cf. sitti la tabturi-ha-asa-la-[li] Lambert BWL 52:11 (Ludlul III); sal-li (for sal-lz, var. utuluma) etluti ,a(var. omits) ina majdl m~ui sal-lu sa-lil (vars. utilma and utl) Enkidu sunata inattal the men are asleep (var. they have gone to bed), sleeping in their beds, Enkidu, too, is asleep (var. has gone to bed) and is having dreams Gilg. VI 190f., cf. sd sal-lat sd sal-lat ummu dNIN.A.ZU a sal-lat Gilg. XII 29 and 47, cf. en.~ ba.na : a-di ma-ti sal-la-at SBH p. 76:18; adi atta tadekkusu sa-lil ursussu he (Irra) stays asleep in his chamber until you arouse him G6ssmann Era I 19; GIS.NA sa-al- tired, he says to himself) lutbi lu-us-lal-ma I lu the bed on which he sleeps (in broken willgo(?)andlie down Gdssmann EraI 16; [lu]-u sa-al-la-ta ki-ma a[r-me-i] be fast asleep (ad- context) AMT 83,2:7, ef. [GIS].NA sal-la-a-ti KAR 69 r. 16; Jumma surdrd ina muhhi ersi 68 oi.uchicago.edu salilu salilu ameli sa-lil-ma imqut if a salamander sleeps emended from copy in BA 1 51:3; on a man's bed and falls off CT 38 39:20 (SB Alu); Jupalalamassdtiu karibdtilusa-al-la they GIDIM] (the women) must sleep beneath the (statues of the) lamassu- and karibu-genii MDP 4 pl. 18 No. 3: 6 (= MDP 2 p. 121, brick inscr.); ina kisal: li ina misi lu-u sa-li-il adi allakam he should sleep at night in the yard until I come YOS 2 144:23 (OB let.); [attunu kimtija ... [ma]laina erseti sal-lu (ni-lu also possible) you spirits of my family, all you who lie at rest in the nether world LKA 89 r. 5 (SB inc.); ekal sa-la-li kimah tapuhti Jubat dardti house of rest, tomb of repose, eternal abode OIP 2 151 No. 14:1 (Senn.); um ubtillanni simatu a-sal-la-lu(var. -lal) ina libbi when fate will have carried me off, I imesamma ina la mdkale birs i-sal-lal he goes to sleep hungry shall rest in this (tomb) Gossmann Era IV 101; ina ume PN ... illaku ana imti asar iqabbi iqabbirusu[ma] i-sa-al-la-lu ema bibil libbisu every day, without food STT 38:9 (= AnSt 6 150:9, Poor Man of Nippur); sa-la-lu KI SAH to when PN dies they shall bury him wherever he indicates, and he will (thus) rest in a place sleep with the pigs (explaining tibit marri u tupsikki) CT 41 30:3 (Alu Comm.). 2' with negations: urris (var. urra) la supsuhdku musis la sa-al-la-ku in the daytime I am not at rest, at night I cannot sleep of his preference ADD 647 r. 23, cf. ibid. 734:2, also asar sa-al-lu la tadakki[su] do not awaken him where he lies at rest ADD 647 r. 24, and 734:3; attunu ... la tanuhha la ta-sa-la-la En. el. I 38, cf. musis lu-u sal-la-at (var. [n]e-he-et) ibid. 50; sudluhu (var. sudluh) esmdtekunu ana ahsi lu la iqarriba you shall have no peace, no rest, your bones shall not karsakima ul ni-sal-lal ninu you (Tiamat) are upset, and we cannot sleep En. el. I 116, cf. i ni-is-lal nini ibid. 122; ina niziqtika stay together Wiseman Treaties 640. musi'dtim ul a-sa-la-al for worrying about you I cannot sleep at night TCL 18 152:33 (OB let.); assumisu sa-la-lai-ul sa-la-Fkul i-da-li-p[a-ni] TCL 17 60:23 (OBlet.),seedalapuAmng. 2; [summa amelu ina m]usi'dte iddanallipmala i-sa-lal if a man remains restless all night and cannot 2' referring to an abandoned city: URU GN ... enahma is-lal the town of Calah fell in ruins and lies deserted AKA 244 v 3, and passim in Asn.; sa-lil nebiru sa-lil kdru mare mal: Idhi kalisunu sal(var. sal)-lu asleep is the ferry, asleep the pier, all the sailors are fast asleep Maqlu VII 8 f. sleep KAR 300 r. 10 (omen excerpts, physiogn.), cf. urra u miua la i-sal-lal (referring to a sick person) AMT 48, 2:2, also Labat TDP 222:44, and passim, note la NA-lal KAR 202 r. iv 14; [arad]ka sa idulluma la i-sa-al-lalandku I am your servant who wanders around in despair and cannot sleep BRM 4 6:5 (SB rel.); rina] nepisima ul i-sal-lal (the woman whose lover is angry with her) will not sleep (alone) if she wears this charm (parallel: Dt.Dn.BI-ma irrama with this charm she will be loved) RA 18 25 c) to remain inactive: mdssu sa-al-la-at his country remains inactive (unaware of danger) ARM 2 39:28; musi kala imu la ta- sal-lal do not remain inactive day or night! TCL 9 76:12 (NB let.); atta asranum ina birit sinnisdtim sa-al-la-at but you lie there idling among the women ARM 1 69:11'. d) to sleep with a woman: ina sun mdri ever since I lay of (my) lover (incipit of a song) lubiisa umassima elisa is-lal i 10. istu sa-al-la-ku in the embrace KAR 158 r. ii 48; she spread out her garment and he lay with her Gilg. I iv 18, cf. ibid. 12, cf. possibly t.e.de.na.de.en : it-ti-ka lu-us-lal Lambert BWL 227:27, and see ibid. p. 231; ina rJ NITA u SAL ga sa-al-lu b) to be at rest (said of the spirits of the dead, of an abandoned city) - 1' referring to the spirits of the dead: see SBH p. 37:4f., in lex. section; etemmasu ina ersetim ul sa-lil his spirit is not at rest in the nether world tasakkan you place (the bow) at the head of the man and the woman who sleep (together) Gilg. XII 152; sa mu-ti AN.BAR mi-[tu] ina AMT 73,2:8 (si.zi.ga rit.). majdl misi sa-lil-ma me zaklcti isatti he who died in battle lies at rest on a bed and drinks 2. III to let or make sleep, to put to rest: tomb of PN, whom Asur-etil-ilani brought the clear water (offered to him) Gilg. XII 147, 69 oi.uchicago.edu salamu salamu from Assyria to Bit-Dakur ina kimahhi ... gt-§d-as-li-lu-si and laid to rest in a tomb (in GN) YOS 1 43:3 (NB); see, for musaslil dalpi b) to turn black (said of gray hair): [... ] ES.MES-ma SIG BABBAR MI you anoint [his head with ... ], and the gray hair will turn black AMT 76,6:11, also ibid. 9 and 13, AMT 5,1:20 (conj. against gray hair). K.1296, in lex. section, for usaslal CT 17 25:6f., in lex. section, also En. el. I 65 sub mng. la-'. c) said of molten metal that turns dark when cooling off: (the gold which came out of the kiln) ina sa-la-mi pan tikini (for tik.: m/weni) akin had the look of ashes when it The word has been entered under S solely on the basis of the imperative silal (see F. R. Kraus, OLZ 1955 518 n. 5), which is once spelled with the sign si. The reading of the Sumerian correspondence as u.ku.ku is secured by the quoted vocabulary passages (contrary to Falkenstein Grammatik 1 p. 31, 2 p. 136), d) to become flushed, purple (said of the human face or body) - 1' in med.: if he (the sick person) is now pale, now flushed zamar panusu is-sa-na-al-li-mu and then again his face repeatedly gets purple AMT espe- cially since the sign TU (REC 56) also has a reading ku 4 , see the pronunciation ku-u in A VII/4 line 73 in JCS 13 124 ii 19. The relationship between saldlu, "to be asleep, to lie asleep," and ndlu, "to go to bed," is illustrated by the contrast of the former with eru, "to be awake." In bilingual texts it is at times difficult to decide whether NI-lu is to be read ni-lu or sal-lu. salamu v.; 1. to become dark, to turn black (intrans.), to become flushed, purple, 2. sul: lumu to temper (metal), to turn black, 3. II/3 to become quite dark, 4. IV/3 (mng. uncert.); from OA, OB on; I islim-isallim, 1/3, II, 11/3, IV/3; wr. syll. and GE6 ; cf. sallamtu, salldmu, sallumu, salmdt qaqqadi, salmu adj., suldmu, sulmu. gi-eMI = ta-ra-ku, sa-la-mu Izbu Comm. 126f. to CT 28 1 K.6790:4; tu-sal-lam 5R 45 K.253 ii 2 (gramm.). 1. to become dark, to turn black (intrans.), to become flushed, purple - a) to become dark: summa samnum i-mi-it-tam(text -turn) is-li-im-ma Sumelam iwwir if the (drop of) oil turns dark on the right and light on the left EA 10:21 (MB cooled off (lit. turned dark) royal), see mng. 2a. 86,1 ii 13; £eresu imtanaqqutuu s resu is-sa- na-li-mu his body collapses, his body repeatedly becomes purple STT 1 89:98 (diagn. omens), cf. DIS ipessi u i-sa-lim if he becomes alternately pale and flushed ibid. 202, cf. is-limma TDP 154:10f. 2' in transferred mng.: sarrum panusu la i-sa-al-li-mu-ma [... ] the king must not be angry (lit. his face must not turn black) and [...] ARM 1 60:21, see mng. 2, cf. as-salim (in broken context) 4R 59 No. 2:26 (SB rel.). 2. sullumu to temper (metal), to turn black- a) to temper (metal): adi amitim Ja mera PN rabi sikkitim u-sa-li-mu as to the amitu-iron which the son of the rabi sikkatim official PN tempered CCT 5 13a:11; see also salldmu, "tempered (metal)." b) to turn black: [li-sal]-li-mu-i kima tikmenni may (her spells) turn her (the sorceress) as black as ashes Maqlu VI 34; UZU. MES-ku-nu ... [kima(?) x]-ru kupri napti lusal(var. -sa)-li-mu may they turn your body CT 3 2:7 (OB oil omens); kima sabat kunini [as] black [as] pitch Wiseman Treaties 587; note, is-li-ma SapdtuS[a] her lips turned as dark as a bruise on a kuninu-reed (parallel: eruqu in. transferred mng. panisa her face grew livid) KAR 1:30, and dupl. CT 15 45:30 (SB Descent of Istar), also STT 28 iii 22 (Nergal and Ereskigal); Jumma KI.MIN- ma (i.e., kinna sarru ana Marduk ippuhma) is-li-im // i[s(?)-r]i(?)-im if the king lights a brazier for Marduk and it goes black // .... CT 40 39:35 (SB Alu). pani ala -sa-lam he must not make me angry TCL 14 43:29 (OA let.). 3. II/3 to become quite dark: MUL.ZUBI zi-mu-Ju us-sa-na-la-mu should the glow of the Gamlu-star become quite weak VAT 7850+TCL 6 18 line 23f., in Weidner, StOr 1 356 (astrol. comm.), cf. [us-sa-na-l]a-mu ACh Supp. 2 Istar 84:9. 70 oi.uchicago.edu salapu sali'u 4. IV/3 (mng. uncert.): ta-at-ta-na-as-lima (in broken context, parallel to tattanan [x sa ... ] ana qaqqad Sarri i-sa-li-(-ni [... ] the [.. .]-official who placed the [...] on the bita) AfO 17 314 D:4 (SB Marduk's Address to the Demons). Meissner, BAW 2 60f. head of the king, the [... ]-official who puts the [... ] on the head of the king MVAG 41/3 12 ii 28 (= KAR 135 ii 5), salapu v.; 1. to cross out, cancel, to distort, pervert, 2. sullupu to cross out, cancel; SB; I, II; cf. saliptu, salpu adj. and s., silbu, spread(?), the royal throne is set down ibid. 14 ii 46 (= KAR 135 ii 23, MA rit.); askups pate gassi pariti ina saplisunu as-li-ma I laid siliptu, silpu, sulapu, sullupu, suteslupu. ba-ar BAR = sa-la-pu A I/6:169; ku-iu KU = sa-la-pu-um MSL 2 150:4 (Proto-Ea); [...] [HAR] = sa-la-pu A V/2:285; kus.kus.ru = na-ka-su to cut off, su-ul-lu-pu, pu-su-su to erase, nu-uk-ku-su to cut into pieces Izi D iii 24ff. tu-sal-lap, tu-sal-la-pa 5R 45 K.253 ii 3f. (gramm.). thresholds of gypsum (and) alabaster under- neath them (the gates of the palace) (reading uncert., possibly to be read az-qupx) 2R 67:80 (Tigl. III); lubulta ... ana libbe tupninndte si-il-a put (the rest of) the garments into the chest KAV 98:25, cf. lubulta ... ana libbe tupninni ta-e-ra si-<il>-a ibid. 103:16. 1. to cross out, cancel, to distort, pervert - a) to cross out, cancel: see A 1/6, in lex. section. b) to distort, pervert: se-lip di-nim-ma c) to throw off (said of niru, "yoke," in NA royal): bdbil pani [...] who favors cf. [... i-s]a-li-4-ni- ni ibid. 48:10' (= KAR 217:10); mardutu ma[... ] kussi Sa sarrutte sa-al-'-at the carpet is assu sa RN ... nir belitija is-lu-ma because Urzana had thrown off the yoke of [...], who my overlordship TCL 3 346 (Sar.), also ibid. 80, Winckler Sar. pl. 31:28, pl. 32:55, Lie Sar. 189, Borger Esarh. 48 ii 67, 112:13, 110 § 71:16 c) (unkn. mng.): summa ittanaprasma and r. 3, Streck Asb. 22 ii 115, 40 iv 103, 60 vii 19, [ri(?)]-it-ta-i i-sa-lap if (in his dream) he ibid. 376 i 5, note, wr. is-la-a ibid. 64 vii 87. flies and .... -s his hand(?) (reading uncert.) d) (with sa libbi) to abort, miscarry (lit. Dream-book 330:31. drop an unborn child): summa ... assassu 2. sullupu: to cross out, cancel: see Izi D, imhusuma Sa libbiSa ta-as-li if he strikes the administrates partial (lit. crooked) justice (parallel epi' eniti) Lambert BWL 207:7. in lex. section. wife of (a childless man) so that she loses her For ini pursit dami su-te-es-li-pa-a-tu (for suteslupatu?, parallel suharr(i)dtu) AMT 10,1 unborn (first) child (note uSaddisi, from nadid, in line 64) KAV 1 vii 77 (Ass. Code § 50); sums r. 10, see suteslupu adj. ma sinnitu ina raminisla Sa libbiSa ta-as-si-li if a woman aborts through her own doing ibid. 93 (§ 53), cf. kisa libbisa ta-as-li-u-ni ibid. 103, also summa Sa libbiSa ina sa-li-e metat if she dies due to a (self-caused) sala'u v.; 1. to cast, to set down, to put down or back, to throw off, to abort, miscarry (lit. drop an unborn child), to lie, to be situated, 2. III to cause (a woman) to miscarry; MA, NA; I isli-isalli, 1/2, III, 111/2. 1. to cast, to set down, to put down or back, to throw off, to abort, miscarry (lit. drop an unborn child), to lie, to be situated - a) to cast: istu ahhegu pursu i-sa-al-li he will cast his lot with his brothers KAV 2 ii 14 (Ass. abortion ibid. 99. e) to lie, to be situated (stative): aldni ... sa ina ep KUR GN ... sa-al-'u(var. adds -4)- ni the cities lying at the foot of the GN mountains AKA 55 iii 62 (Tigl. I), cf. GN Sep ammdte Sa ID Puratte sa-li Scheil Tn. II 74, also 56, 62 and r. 13, wr. sa-a-li ibid. 61, ina Code B § 1), note the use of kardru with piru WO 2 230:174 (Shalm. III). Sep ammdte Sa Puratte sa-li ibid. 80, also AKA b) to set down, to put down or back: LU 349f. iii 12 and 15 (Asn.), ina qabal Purattesa-li Scheil Tn. II 66, 68, 69, AKA 350 iii 16 (Asn.); ina uSalli Sa Puratte ... alar palgu Sa Habur [... sa ... ] ana qaqqad sarri ikruruni LU x sa-la-an-ni in the meadows of the Euphrates 71 oi.uchicago.edu salbatanu saliptu where the Habur canal is situated Scheil Tn. ZA 32 174:46; erussun salilum uhalliq 173:40 (OB lit.). II r. 14. 2. III (with sa libbi) to cause a woman to miscarry: if a man strikes another man's daughter and sa libbisa ul-ta-as-li-es causes AN sa-li-lum RT 19 59:3 is probably to be read anzalilu, var. of anzaninu. her to miscarry KAV 1 ii 99 (Ass. Code § 21), cf. sa libbisa 4-sa-as-li-i ibid. vii 84 and 88 (§§ 51-52). MA sald'u corresponds to Babylonian nadid, and does not appear after Tn. II, except for the isolated ref. in 2R 67:80 (Tigl. III), and the idiom nir beluti or nir Assur isle in NA royal. MUL Sal-bat-a-nu Wiseman Treaties 15; see, for other refs., always wr. sal-bat-a-nu Deimel Pantheon No. 2216 and 2370; note the use of the det. DINGIR: dSal-bat-a-nu RAcc. p. 65 r. 30, and dSal-bat-a-ni ACT 802 r. 7; see, for astrol. and astronomical texts Gossmann, SL 4 No. 360, and Neugebauer ACT index s.v., and note the isolated astrol. omen in ana libbi GIS.GIGIR sa-ulil-te-a beddku spent the night in my covered I chariot Smith Idrimi 17. Irregular as to form and spelling. nu.kdus.u = la sa-li-lu Antagal III 135. gidim.hul gal 5 .l.hul .nu.ku.ku.de : etemmu lemnu galli lemnu la sa-li-lu the evil spirit of the dead, the ever-roving evil galld-demon CT 16 31:122f.; umun ka.nag.ga sub.ba u.nu.ku en.nu.un.ga bi.in.tus : belu mdtu re-[']-a (var. ra-di-a) la sa-lil (var. sa-li-lam) ana massarti tusesib lord of the country, you have placed as a guardian an ever-sleepless shepherd SBH p. 130:14f., var. from KAR 375 ii 31f., cf. gis.nu.mi.mu.na.mu dupl. 4R 11 r. 45f.; [...] en.se im.ra.am. a.si.ir.ra.g[ar.ra] [x.x] : i-[na ma]-ia-al mu-si-ti-ia sa ta-ni-ha [issaknu la sa-l]i-lu ad-ma-ti ka-li-ku how long am I to be kept sleepless on my nightly couch, where sorrow is put (on me)? VAS 10 179: f. (OB). dSi.mu.ut = d4Sal-bat-a-nu Antagal G 309; MUL sal-bat-a-nu : mus-ta-bar-ru-u mu-ta-nu (the planet) which always brings pestilence 5R 46 No. 1:42. in *salilu B (fem. saliltu) adj.; covered; MB Alalakh; cf. sillu. salilu in la salilu adj.; restless; OB, SB; cf. salalu. salbatanu s.; (a name of the planet Mars); SB. refs. RA 45 Gilgames lib-bi la sa-li-la te-mid-su you have afflicted Gilgames with a restless heart Kraus Texte 25:12, see Kraus, MVAG 40/2 36. The reading salbatanu is based on the wr. Gilg. III ii 10 from Sm. 2097 in Haupt Nimrodepos pl. 21 (= Thompson Gilg. pl. 12), preceded by am-me-ni tas-kun ana ma-[x] in a double line from K.8558 imperfectly joined to Sm. 2097 as shown Thompson Gilg. pl. 12, note that the sa-al-ba-ta-nu in AO 7539 r. 17 according to Virolleaud cited by Thureau-Dangin in RAcc. 79 n. 20. Opitz, AfO 8 46f. (with literature). salillu see salilu. dupl. K.9885+ (coll.) shows only sa-[li-la] at the end of the line; he (Gilgames) is stronger than you (Enkidu) la sa-li-lu sa urrau musi saliltu s.; (month name); OAkk. ITI Sa-lil-tum RTC 106 r. 4', for other refs., see restlessly active day and night Gelb, MAD 1 p. 234. Gilg. I v 19, cf. da-a-an la sa-[li-lu] Gilg. Y. iii 132; kima attina erdtina nasrdtina dalpdtina la sa-li-lati-n[a] as you (watches of the night) are awake, on watch, alert and never sleeping KAR 58 r. See the month names Salul and Sililitu. salilu A (salillu) adj.; sleeping (person); OB, SB; cf. saldlu. lu salldta sa-li-lu ipalsah keep on sleeping (addressing a baby), one who sleeps is at 14, also ibid. 12; nazdq la sa-la-li ceaseless worrying Lambert BWL 252 r. iii 22. For nukusl as part of a door, see s.v., and rest Craig ABRT 2 8 r. 10, restored from dupl. K.9171+AMT 96,2, see Ebeling, MAOG 5/3 p. 11; Salonen Tiren 69. ittiki liruba sa-lil(var. adds -li)-ki tabu let saliptu (siliptu) s.; salpati; cf. saldpu. your (Istar's) sweet bedfellow enter with you 72 treachery; SB; pl. oi.uchicago.edu sallalu sallamu a) in gen.: I, Esarhaddon sa kittu irammuma sa-lip-ti ikkibsu who loves truth na 4 .ad.bar = Su-rum = [s]al-lam-tu, na 4 . HAR.ad.bar = e-r[u-u] ad-ba-ri = [MIN] Hg. D 145f.; gis.sa.GIS.SAR, gis .s.ki.in.dar.ra = sa-lam-tum Hh. III 459f.; [d]ar. Me.luh.ha musen = su-la-mu = sa-lam-du, [m]i.a musen = is-sur mu-si = MIN Hg. B IV 260f., cf. dar. Me.u h.haa mu en = si-la-mu = sal-lam-du Hg. D 339; mus.mi = sa-lam-ti Hh. XIV 35, cf. mus. m i = sa-lam-tum = seru sal-[mu] Hg. A II 267. and abhors treachery Borger Esarh. 54 iv 26, also 111 § 72 r. 9; sa KUR Sumeri KUR Akkadi si-lip-t[a-sa (or -si-na)] lipassera ana kalis kibrati let (a future prince) announce to the entire world the treachery of Sumer and Akkad (i.e., Babylonia) CT 34 41iv 29 (Synchron. Hist. subscript); Samas hd'it sa-al-pat ajdbi 1. (a black stone, probably basalt): see who watches the treacheries(?) of the enemy Hg. D 145f., in lex. section; AKA 29 i 8 (Tigl. I). kaspi hurasi siparri uqni gisnugalli NA4 salam-du pindi elallum pilu pesi I had foundation tablets made of silver, gold, bronze, lapis lazuli, alabaster, basalt, pindu-stone, elallu-stone (and) white limestone (and engraved the symbol of my name upon them) b) with dababu: saklati sa li-sd-na dabibu sa-a[l-pa-ti]sa kima erpeti la isd panau [bdba] those with a foolish tongue who speak treacherous words, (words) which, like clouds, have neither head nor tail Lambert BWL 136:167, cf. LU hattS da-bi-ib sa-lip-ti the Hittites who (always) speak treachery usepisma nare Borger Esarh. 27:6, cf. [... .] NA 4 sa-lam-ti tanitti beli rabe belij[a ... ] (as subscript to a building inscr.) ibid. 22 Ep. 27:23. Lie Sar. 253, and passim in Sar., also idabbuba salip-tu Winckler Sar. pl. 45 F 19, sa-lip-ta usadbibu (in broken context) Surpu 1II 14. 2. (a plant): zer kardsi u ak-tam v sa-lamtz istenis tasdk you bray together leek seed, aktam-plant (and) s.-plant AMT 5,5:4. c) with other verbs: si-lip-ta i-ta-mu he will speak treachery AfO 11 223:23 (omens); sabit zibd[niti epi s]i-lip-ti mustend aban 3. (a tree): see Hh. III, in lex. section. 4. (a bird): see Hg. B, etc., in lex. section. kisi who practices trickery as he holds the balance, who substitutes weights Lambert 5. (a snake): see Hh. XIV, etc., in lex. section; sammi annuti ina dam MUS.MI tuballal sabit suti e-pis si-li[p-ti] you mix these drugs with the blood of a s.- BWL 132:107, cf. ibid. 112; note, in broken context: [ez]ib sa sa-lip-[tu ... ] disregard that treachery [was snake KAR 56:3, cf. MUS.MI (in broken context) KAR 156 r. 6, AMT 84,4 i 6, CT 23 47:10 (all med.), CT 40 24 K.8038:15 (Alu), but all committed(?)] (when the extispicy was performed) PRT 77:3. sallalu salalu. s.; possibly to be read seru salmu. (a nocturnal bird); SB*; cf. sallamu adj.; dark, black, tempered (said of metal); OA, SB; cf. salamu. na.a musen = is-sur mu-si, sal-lal-lum Hh. XVIII 212f.; u.ku.ku musen = sal-la-lu // sal-la-[lu // ... ] (followed by ittil-imut) RA 17 140:9 (Alu Comm.). a) in OA - 1' said of donkeys: 1 ANSE sa-la-mu-um ... ana qdtisu one black donkey is in his charge TCL 4 108:4, cf. im summa sal-lal-lum MUSEN KI.MIN (= ana bit ANSE sa-ld-mi-im the price of a black donkey ameli irub) if a s.-bird enters a man's house BIN 4 148:15; 2 ANSE sa-ld-mi-in PN ipqidnis (preceded by allallum) CT 41 8:79 (SB Alu); ati he entrusted us with two black donkeys ina lumun sal-lal-lum MUSEN against the evil BIN 4 27:7, and passim, 2 ANSE sa-ld-ma-an ... PN iraddiakkuniti TOL 19 21:9, but 2 ANSE sa-ld-mu CCT 3 4:28, 2 ANSE sa-la-me CCT 2 34:5; 6 ANSE sa-ld-me KTS 55a:23, 5 ANSE.II.A sa-ld-me dam-qi-tim CCT 4 35a:4, and passim. (portended) by a s.-bird ibid. 24 iii 17. Literally, "sleeping (bird)"; see ittil-imit, (a bird). s.; 1. (a black stone, probably sallamtu basalt), 2. (a plant), 3. (a tree), 4. (a bird), 5. (a snake); SB*; cf. salmu. 2' said of copper: um ... 73 nadi 3 GU URUDU sa-ld-mu- three talents of tempered(?) oi.uchicago.edu sallummf sallu and a half tanned hides GCCI 1 215:1; 3 KUS copper have been deposited BIN 4 31:14, cf. x MA.NA URUDU sa-ld-ma-am tezibam TCL 20 107:3, cf. ibid. 18; URUDU a na-ad-u sa-ld- sal-la ana KUS tillu sa Sarri three s.-hides for the equipment of the king GCCI 1 128:1; nikkassu sa sal-la-a-nu u duse PN LU si-[. .. ] ittisunu ippusma PN the [...] will settle am the copper which is deposited is tempered Journal of Juristic Papyrology 11-12 p. 117 MNK with them the accounts for the s.-leather 636:12; for sallumu, "to temper metals," see salamu v. mng. 2a. b) in SB (said of Negroes): mat sal-la-muti (between ni-pi-ih dUTU-si and mat Hfat-ti) and the dus-tanned leather Evetts Ner. 55:6, cf. ibid. 9; silver ana KUS sa-al-la u KUS duse ana PN askapi nadin given to the leatherworker PN for s.-leather and dusui-tanned K.8811:5 (unpub., geogr. comm., probably Hg. to Hh. XXII), cf. [...] KUR Kiisi LU Meluhhe MI.[x] Borger Esarh. 111 § 75 r. 4. leather Cyr. 214:3; (for) silver owed by PN KUS sal-la.MES ip-pu-us-su ana PN 2 inandinma he will prepare s.-leather and give (it) to (the In OA the word is constructed as a noun in apposition to emarum or werium, which is also true of salmu, cf. 4 ANSE.HI.A sa-al-mu creditor) PN, Cyr. 148:5, cf. two shekels of silver ana KUS sal-la-nu Nbn. 836:5, KUS sal-la VAS 6 194:11; isten KUS saltu isten KUS BIN 4 25:7. The formation of the noun, its sal-lu ana 1 GIN kaspi one quiver, one s.-hide use, and the fact that there is no other known designation referring to the colors of donkeys make the translation offered somewhat uncertain. Ad usage a-i': for one shekel of silver Nbn. 1034:1; ina rehi KUS sal-lu.MES from the sa MAS.GAL UZ.ME u remainder of the male and female goats and the s.-leather AnOr 8 57:3. J. Lewy, HUCA 32 74. b) sallu adj.; sleeping (person), ruined (building); OB Mari, SB; cf. saldlu. a) sleeping (person): should we act like the Turukku people sa sa-al-lam idekklma ana sa inattalu kurummatam la inaddinu who wake up the sleeper but give no food to those who have their eyes open? sal-lu ... a-a i-ir 53 tanned hides bought for 173 shekels of silver, from Commagene (I do not know the names of the merchants) (mentioned beside dusdhides bought for about the same price, over two shekels per unit) ADD 812:13. For etym. (Aram. salld), see Salonen Wasserfahrzeuge 145. ARM 1 16:13; the sleeper should not awaken (until the sun rises) 4R 58 ii 51, restored from PBS 1/2 113 ii 84; ana eri u sal-li s.; dealer in salluin §a salliSu sallu leather; NA*; cf. sallu s. 5 talents sa LU sal-li-s -nu sa GN from the sallu-leather dealers of GN (beside sa kurrisu, ispar siprat and sa halluptisunu) purussa tanandina you give (oracular) decisions to those who are asleep and those who are awake KAR 58 r. 15 (SB), cf. ana sa-al-[li an]-ni-i Iraq 18 61:26; sal(or sal)-lu ADD 953 iv 5. u mitu ki ahdmes [sunu] how alike are the (or zallulam) s.; (mng. unkn.); sallulam EA*; foreign word. 1 sal-lu-flam] rittasu NA 4 hiliba u uqni sadi uhhuzu one s. whose handle is encrusted with hilibd-stones and genuine lapis lazuli EA 22 sleeper(?) and the dead! Gilg. X vi 33; ina res sa-al-li nab-[...] I [...] beside the sleeper KAR 323:6, see Lambert BWL 196. b) hamu ruined (building): sa ES.MAH sal-lu-tu4 those of the ruined palaces are benumbed in NA: 84 KUS sal-li ina libbi 2 MA.NA fGN kaspi sa KUR Kutmuhi laqiu 84 s.- ii 20 (list of gifts of Tusratta). STC 1 205:21. s.; (meteoric) fireball, meteor; sallummf SB*; Sum. lw.(?). sallu s.; (tanned hide, a type of leather); NA, NB; Aram. lw.(?); pl. salldnu; cf. sallu in sa sallisu. a) in NB: 7 KUS sal-lu PN Lr sdrip dus makir PN, the leather dyer, received seven [P]A.PA = sal(?)-lum(?)]-musi(!)-si(!)-ig(!) A 1/7 Part 2 iii 22. sal-lum-mu-d = mi-ih kaclkkabi, sa-ra-dr kakkabi, zi-im kakkabi, sd-lum-m[a-td], sd-lum-ma-ti = me- 74 oi.uchicago.edu sallumu salmit qaqqadi [...] CT 26 40 iv 18ff. (astrol. comm.), for text see semantic section, also sal-lum-mu-u // me-sih kakkabi MIN // zi-im kakkabi ACh Supp. 2 Istar 64 i 11. salluitu s.; sleep; SB*; cf. saldlu. DIS LU ina sa-al-lu-ti-su if a man in his sleep Meloni Saggi pl. 7 K.3756:15 (SB Alu), and passim in this text, see Oppenheim, AfO 18 p. 77; summa kakkabu sa ina panisu sipru ina arkiSu zibbatasaknu innamirmasame ZALAG-ir ki-ma sal-lum-mu-[u] ki-ma me-sih MUL.MES sal-lum-mu-4 mes-hu sa MUL x ia-a-nu if a a ina sal-lut nisi asabbat I will conquer the town when (its) people are asleep CT 20 2:20 (SB ext.). star which has a beak in front (and) a tail in back is seen and illuminates(?) the sky like a meteor, (variant) like the glow of the stars, (explanation) s. = glow of a star, .... (continued with the comm. cited in the lex. section) salmat qaqqadi s.; the "dark-headed" (a poetic expression for "mankind"); from OB on; wr. syll. and SAG.GE 6 CH i 41 and xl 11, SAG.GE 6 .GA CT 13 42 i 13, SAG.GE 6 .GA.A 1 13 i 24 and KUB 37 76:7; cf. saldmu. CT 26 40 iv 14ff.; summa sal-lum-mu-u sa MUL dUDU.IDIM IGI if a fireball (coming from) a planet is seen Craig AAT pl. 42 r. 17 (= ACh Istar 20:79), cf. (with 'a MUL Salbatanu, "of Mars") ibid. 20; ma'dis isaqqamma SAG.US sir-ha SA5 TUK kun-nu sal-lum-mu-u SA5 sag.ge 6 .ga = sal-mat SAG.DU Igituh I 269, cf. sag.ge 6 = sal-mat qaq-qa-di Igituh short version 179; sib.sag.ges.ga = ri-'i sal-mat qaq-qa-di Lu III i lb, and Lu Excerpt II 3. sag.ge 6 .ga.na ba.an.da.sal.la : sd sal-mat qaq-qa-du i-ma-as-su-u who scatters widely (and annihilates) the "dark-headed" SBH p. 81:43f.; za.e al.du.un.na.as sag.ge 6 .ga si.ba.ni.ib. si.sa .e : atta ina alakika sal-mat qaq-qa-di tus-te-sir when you come you set the "dark-headed" aright 4R 17:45f.; [a].a sag.ge 6 .ga : abi sal-mat qaq-qa-du BA 10/1 p. 68:25f.; nam.lu.ux.lu un sag.ge 6.ga nig.zi.gl : amelutu nisi sal-mat SAG.DU siknat napisti 4R 29 No. 1:41f., cf. un sag.ge6 .ga : ni-su sal-mat qaq-qa-di BWL 120 r. 11; sib sag.ge 6 .ga : sa ri-e-i sal-mat qaq-[qa-di] 4R 18 No. 3:4f. sal-mat SAG.DU = ni-i-su Malku I 182a; sal-mat SAG.DU = ni-i-si LTBA 2 2 ii 86, etc.; RI = sal-mat ina muhhisu iprikma // LA-ad-ma kalusuma sima sarip (if Venus) rises very high and constantly has a red glow, (explanation) constantly (SAG.Us = kunnu) a red fireball moves across, variant: at its zenith(?) it is altogether red-hued RA 17 128:23 (= Craig AAT pl. 88:22 = ACh Istar 7, astrol. with comm.); summa sal-lu-mu-u MUL.SU.GI IGI.DU 8 if a fireball (coming from) the Old-Man star is seen ACh Supp. 45:3, cf. summa sal-lu-mu-u MUL.MAR.GiD.DA iprikma izziz ibid. 4; ina SAG.DU lumun MUL x-li mi-is-hi sal-lum-mu-u sta ina ZA 39 265, cf. also WZJ 9 237:330. 2' in OB, NB: wasem sal-lum-mu-u ina sit dAnu CH i 41, innamir Thompson Rep. 183:1; dsal-lum-mu-u TCL 6 11:4. cf. ana SAG.GE 6 sa Enlil isrukam whom Enlil has presented me, over whom Marduk has granted me to act as shepherd ibid. xl 11, but sa-al-ma-at qd-qd-di-'u listegir ibid. xli 86; ri-i sa-al-ma-at qaqqadim (referring to Samas) Syria 32 12 i 7 (Jahdunlim); SIPA sa-al-ma-at qd-qd-di-im OIP 43 138 No. 13:5f. (Esnunna); ina naphar sal-mat SAG.DU (between nili ... apdti and gimir kal dadme) VAS 1 37 i 22, and ana re'it sal-mat SAG.DU ibid. ii 55 (Merodach-Baladan); (Enlil) bel salmat SAG.DU Hinke Kudurru i 11 (Nbk. I); lipiia lummi, from a Sum. *nig(or: zal).lum.ma? Kugler, SSB Erg. 180. (a kind of wood); MA*; wr. syll. and GIS.MI; cf. salamu. [IGI.MES-i-n]a sa GIS sa-al-lu-mu their (the statues') eyes are (made) of s.-wood kima Samas ana SAG.GE 6 to rise over mankind like Sama§ re'issina Marduk iddinam to mankind with Reading uncert., possibly nilummu or zal sallumu s.; (continued) 3'+ a) alone - 1' in Sum. texts: [...] SAR.SAR zi sag.ge 6 .ga CBM 19767 vii 8, see Zimmern, against the evil (portended by) a .... , a glow, a fireball that was seen at the ecliptic of Anu, passed to the ecliptic of Enlil and set CT 41 23:10, cf. Summa MUL STC 2 pl. 60 K.2053 r. K.8299 r. 5' (Comm. to En. el. VII 113). harran set dAnim innamru ana harran set dEnlil i[ll]ikuma irbu KAH AfO 18 307 iv 6, cf. qarnasunu sa GIS.MI ibid. 10, also suprdt GIS.MI Si-[. . .] ibid. 304 ii 8. 75 oi.uchicago.edu salmt qaqqadi salmt qaqqadi ... sal-ma-at qd-qd-dam libelu may my offspring rule mankind (forever in this palace) sal-mat qaq-qa-di nammassu teneleti all man- VAB 4 94 iii 59, and passim in Nbk. in this phrase, kind, teeming humanity STC 2 77:24, see Ebeling Handerhebung 130; umalld qdtussu sa- cf. ana re'it sa-al-ma-at qd-qd-dam epesu ibid. 210 i 9 (Ner.), and d Samas ... re~u sal- al-ma-tum qaq-qa-du ana redus[su(?)] he entrusted him with the shepherding of man- mat qaq-qa-du belu teneseti ibid. 234 i 32 (Nbn.). kind PSBA 20 157 r. 13; sal-mat SAG.DU puhur napisti BMS 27:9, and dupls., see Ebeling Handerhebung 114; ana sapdrim sa-al-ma-at qa-qa- 3' in Assyrian royal inscrs.: [nd]qid salmat SAG.DU KAR 260:5 (= KAH 2 143, Adn. I); ana ~SKur SAG.GE 6 .GA.A KAH 1 13 i 24 (Shalm. I); di nisi mdddtim to rule mankind, the multitudinous people Lambert BWL 155:5 (OB); (Samas) abi sal-mat SAG.DU KAR 184 r.(!) 43, dGula ummu dlidat sal-mat SAG.DU mother Gula, creator of mankind 4R 54 No. 2:27, also UN.MES hadd sal-mat SAG.DU kalisina [... ] RA 12 190:4, and passim in prayers, etc.; note re'i sal-mat SAG.DU bul namm[assd ... ] OECT 6 pl. 6 r. 13; kissutu sa sal-mat SAG.DU ABL 1007:12 (NB), and sal-mat SAG.DU (in difficult context) ABL 1222:2 (NB). sa gimir sal-mat SAG.DU ana rimetisina ipatr tiqa sul4lu when everybody builds shelters (from the sun) to live in Lyon Sar. 15:53, cf. ina naphar sal-mat SAG.DU Winckler Sammlung 2 1:14 (Sar.); from the Upper to the Lower Sea gimri sal-mat SAG.DU usaknis epa he made all mankind submit to me OIP 2 23 i 15 (Senn.); mdresu mdrmaresu itti sal-mat SAG.DU likinu ana dur ddri may his children and grandchildren remain among mankind (i.e., live) b) in apposition to nisi - 1' in Sum. contexts: for un sag.g e.ga in Sum. royal forever and ever ibid. 139:59, andpassim in Senn., note ana sutesur sal-mat SAG.DU paqgdi miir nisqi to organize the men (i.e., the soldiers) hymns, see Poebel apud Meissner, AfO 5 9 note 1. 2' in NB royal: ni-si sa-al-ma-atqaq-qa-du mala ibarrd nurka namri all mankind, (all those) who behold your bright light VAB 4 and to muster the steeds ibid. 130 vi 66, also ana itarre sal-mat SAG.DU ibid. 78:2; ndqid sal-mat SAG.DU Borger Esarh. 80:34, ina napharsal-mat SAG.DU haldqsu liqbi ibid. 28:38, and passim in Esarh.; you swear that you 242 iii 43 (Nbn.), cf. ni-si sal-mat SAG.DU ibid. 290 i 7 (Nbn.), and UN.MES sal-mat SAG.DU 5R 35:13 (Cyr.). will not conceal (it) if you hear unseemly words against Assurbanipal lu ina pi ahhesu ... lu ina pi LU.GAL.MES LU.NAM.MES lu ina pi Sa ziqni sa reii lu ina pi ummani lu ina pi naphar sal-mat SAG.DU mala basc 3' in lit.: ana UN.MES sal-mat SAG.DU ussurugarurlka your (Sin's) sheen is released for all mankind BMS 1:4, and passim in prayers; [UN].MES SAG.GE 6 .GA (var. sal-mat SAG.DU) CT 13 42 i 13 (Sar. legend), var. from dupl. ibid. 43 i 14; ana UN.MES sal-mat SAG.DU lemutta from his brothers (and other members of the family), or from noblemen, officials, or from the court personnel, eunuchs or not, or from a scholar, or from any other person Wiseman Treaties 79, talpud you planned evil against all mankind Gossmann Era III 37, and cf. ibid. 41. cf. lu ina naphar sal-mat SAG.DU mal basi lu ina siknat napisti mal basi ibid. 164; eli salmat SAG.DU dussupat re'ussu whose shep- The expression (nisi) salmat qaqqadi is a poetic term referring to mankind as a totality, created by the gods and kept in safe pastures by the kings. The Sum. formulation (sag.ge 6 .ga, twice sag.ge 6 .ga.a) is quite rare, and its Akk. correspondence is philo- herdship is very agreeable to mankind Streck Asb. 244:20, cf. (Marduk) bdnu sal-mat SAG. DU ibid. 278:10. 4' in lit.: ina pi sal-mat SAG.DU (var. qaq- logically difficult (cf. von Soden, JNES 19 163ff.). qa-du) sa ibnd qdtdu in the mouth of man, whom he created En. el. VII 32; lu zizama salmat SAG.DU ildni although mankind is di- The literal mng. likewise poses a problem because the ref. to black hair is without any parallel in Akk. vided in (the worship of) the gods (he, Marduk, is our only god) ibid. VI 119; naphar Streck Asb. 224 note 2; for a South Arabic parallel, see Leslau, JAOS 64 56. 76 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu salmu (fem. salimtu, salittu) adj.; 1. black (as a natural color), 2. dark (as a morbid or otherwise abnormal discoloration); from and passim; (list of sheep) naphar 854 BABBARtum (list of goats) naphar 22 (text: 12) MIturn napharma 876 senu GCCI 2 265:10, and passim, also naphar 1099 sen BABBAR.MES ... naphar 328 sen MI.MES-tim 1333 (sic) OAkk. on, Akkadogram in Bogh. (BoSt 10 p. 6* II 15, KUB 30 32 iv 16); salittu Practical Vocabulary Assur 203 and Bogh., see mng. lb; wr. senu sen BABBAR.MES MI.MES GAL-ti TUR-tiZ BE 9 1:18f., and passim, se-e-nu BABBAR-ti U syll. and MI; cf. saldmu. Iah.mi = sal-mu (var. sa-[al]-mu]) black pig (after pest and before samu) Hh. XIV 177, cf. ur.mi (same context) ibid. 90, and passim in such enumerations; mus.mi.a = se-er mu-si = MUS sal-[mu] (before mus .mi = sa-lam-tum) Hg. A 286; SIR.BUR.mi MUSEN = sal-mu = a-rib ze-e-ri Hg. D 349, also Hg. B IV 249; uzu.sh.mi = ir-ru sal-mu = tu-li-mu black intestines = spleen Hg. D 56, also Hg. B IV 53; gu 4 .kun.ga.mi = alap zib-bat-su sal-mat Hh. XIII 313; SfG.ZA.GiN.MI = sa-li-td (probably for uqnitu salittu dark purple wool) Practical Vocabulary Assur 203. SIR.BUR.mi musen.bi na.nam : aribsu sa-almu-um-ma (DN) is its black raven ASKT p. 124:18f.; Erida gis.kin.mi.e ki.sikil.ta mu.a : ina Eridu kiskan sal-mu irbi ina asri ellu ibbani a black kiskani-tree grew up in Eridu, it came into existence in that holy place CT 16 46:183f. ha-lu-u = um-sa-td sa-lim-td Izbu Comm. 129. 1. black (as a natural color) - a) animals 3' for magic use: marti alpi MI the gall of a black bull AMT 4,1:3, cf. AMT 12,4:6, etc., cf. dam kursipti alpi MI AMT 12,7:4; qaqqad dribi MI the head of a black raven AMT 5,1:14; lipi MUS MI fat of a black snake AMT 17,4:8, supur kalbi MI a claw from a black dog AMT 76,1:8, cf. hbasc : AS supur kalbi MI Uruanna III 44, also sdrat kalbi MI KAR 186:35, and similar occs. b) wool and garments: [sig. mi] = sal-maa-tum Hh. XIX 25; sig.mi 2.tab.ba sur. ra : sipati sal-ma-ti sa ia tame espa black wool that has been twined (with white) during the spinning - 1' in gen.: kalbum sa-al-mu-um i-ti-li-im rabis the black dog crouches on the hill ASKT p. 90-91:58; TUG.G.i.ZA. GIN.MI Scheil Tn. II 72, cf. SiG.ZA.GIN SIG SALI-IT-TA BoSt 10 6* ii 15 (Papanikri rit.), cf. also Practical Vocabulary Assur, in lex. section; 20 MA.NA SIG.MI ADD 955:3; [ik]rib SIG.MI U Kiiltepe a/k 611 line 3 (unpub., OA inc., courtesy Balkan), see Hirsch Untersuchungen p. 82; 4 ANSE.HI.A sa-al-mu (exceptional, see discussion sub sallamu) BIN 4 25:7 (OA); SAL.ANSE . . . MI-ti TuM 2-3 33:1 (NB); 1 sisu sa-al-mu AASOR 16 99:15 (Nuzi), cf. BE 14 12:22, and passim in MB; 1 littu MU 4 zumursa MI uznasa ulinna tuhhi tadabbub you pronounce the benediction pertaining to the application of the black wool and the fringe BBR No. 75-78:52; x TUG.MES baslutu x TUG.MES sa-al-mu-tum HSS 14 247:25 (Nuzi); amelu TUG.MI labis a man clad in a black garment MDP 14 50 i 20 (dream omens). [...] one four-year-old cow, her body is black, her ears are [...] PBS 2/2 27:1 (MB), cf. zumursu kima itti MI RAcc. 3:4, and see ittd A; c) other occs.: zappu sa-al-mu-tum black bristles (beside zappu pasiutum white bristles) sise MI.MES ABL 466:8 (NA); ANSE sal-lam Nbk. 13:1; litta sa-li-im-ta MDP 22 160:13; QADU ANSE.NITA.UR SA-AL-MI sal-in-du BE 9 24:3, also sen GAL-ti u qallat BABBAR-ti MI-in-du BE 10 106:8, and passim, (as column heading) BIN 1 176:3; exceptionally in Ass.: 24 MI.MES ADD 1132:9. Kiiltepe b/k 19:11, cited Balkan Observations p. 43 (OA let.); for other refs. to "black" in KUB 30 32 iv 16, also (said of other animals) wr. MI ibid. 15f.; see also kulbabu, seru, zuqaqipu, etc.; summa enzu MI SIG7 ulid if a black goat gives birth OA, see sallamu; ilamma istu isid same urpatu sa-lim-tu4 a black cloud rose from the horizon Gilg. XI 97, cf. [...] ~iturum sa to a yellow (kid) CT 28 32 K.3838 + r. 4 (SB Izbu), cf. Summa enzu SIG7 MI ulid ibid. 5, etc. erpetim [s]dmtim [naw]irtim u sa-l[i-im-tim] 2' referring to goats especially (in contrast to pesd, q.v., referring to sheep) (NB only): two full-grown he-goats, five goats, three one white and one black ZA 43 310:22 (OB astrol.); summa ndru mesa kima tikmni sa- young he-goats an immense [... .] formed by clouds, one red, al-mi ubil if the water of the river carries something (looking) like black ashes CT 39 naphar 10 MI-ti YOS 6 28:8, 77 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu 20:130 (SB Alu); summa awilum sarassukima summa qan MI ina api ittanmar if a black qitmi sa-al-ma-at if a man's hair is as black as pitch AfO 18 66 ii 37 (OB physiogn.); kibritu agargaritu// kibritusa-li-in-du // kibritu pappa situ // kibritu pesitu-agargard-sulphuris black sulphur, pappasi-sulphur is white sulphur reed appears in a canebrake CT 39 22:18 (SB Alu) ;if the water of the river is normal ina muh: hisunu mi MI.MES uhhulu (but) black water is coagulated on its surface CT 39 14:9 (SB Alu), cf. summa (A.ZI.GA) MI ibid. 18:93, summa mesa MI (referring to a well) CT 38 22:24; ID.MI BRM 4 32:12 (med. comm.); summa katarru mi: silsu MI misilsu sam if half of the fungus is etabru they have crossed the Black River black and half is red CT 40 17:53 (SB Alu); 1 hidu MI one black hidu-bead RA 43 146:95 (OB Qatna), cf. NA 4 .MI (beside NA 4 .BABBAR) KUB 3 70 r. 13; as name of a god in Bogh.: DINGIR. MI Ehelolf, ZA 43 181 n. 2, see also the refs. in Laroche, RHA 7 102 and 15 55 sub Nos. 430f. ABL 380:8 (NA); Zi.BABBAR ZI.MI white (and) black flour AMT 91,4:4; summa Sin tarbasa MI sutalmi if the moon is surrounded by a black halo Thompson Rep. 124:10, cf., with sa-al-mu as a gloss ibid. 98:1, also summa MUL.AN.[... ] MI-ma (with gloss sa-li-im-fmal) ABL 647 r. 2; summa isdtu ina niknakki ilani MA.GAL iqallu // MI if the fire in a censer 2. dark (as a morbid or otherwise abnormal discoloration) - a) referring to human beings (as a personal name): Sa-lim-tum belonging to the cult burns high, variant (remains) black CT 40 44 K.3821:2 (SB Alu). CT 32 34 ii 8, for other OAkk. refs., see MAD 3 245; Sa-al-mu BE 14 14:9, and passim in MB, see Clay PN 134, also KAJ 32:18 (MA), Sal-mu TCL 9 141:21 (NB), etc. diagnostic omens, etc.) is often to be read tarku (q.v.), as is indicated by such writings b) referring to parts of the human body: as MI-ku, MI-ik, and by the fact that MI as a The adj. wr. MI in omen texts (extispicy, Kumma MI ustamatta if (his face) is purple he substantive is to be read tirku (q.v.) in such will suffer losses CT 28 28:25 (SB physiogn.), cf. summa MI-ma mindt panisu saqi ibid. 29:9; texts; see discussion sub sulmu. However, at times MI occurs with tarik, tarka, and tarkat in enumerations of colors Labat TDP 136:41 and 42, 56 and 57, 120:38 and 40, 100:12 and 14, 102:13 and 14, 104:27 and 28, 108:9 and 10, and passim. sikin mursisu MI the color of the sore spot is black KAR 192 i 33; summa panusu MI.MES lisansu samat if his face is purple, his tongue red Labat TDP 72:16, and passim in the following lines, cf. summa qdtdsu MI.MES ibid. 90:13ff., summa tuli imittisu MI ibid. 100:12f., and passim in diagn. omens, panuiu (wr. IGI".MES) SA5 SIG5 U MI his face is red, green and black KAR 26:8; bubu'ta sa-lim-ta ittadi produces a black abscess AMT 92,4 r. 8. Since turruk beside tarik is well attested, the spellings MI.MES (and MI.MES-at, e.g., KAR 152 r. 17ff.) are cited sub taraku. In other in- stances it is difficult to make a decision. The lexical literature does not use tardku to designate a color or shade. Kraus, MVAG 40/2 41. c) other occs.: summa izbum tarikma sali-im if a newborn (lamb) is bruised and black salmu s.; statue (in the round), relief, drawing, constellation, figurine (used for YOS 10 56 ii 29 (OB Izbu); summa martum sa-al-ma-at if the gall bladder is magic purposes), bodily shape, stature, like- black YOS 10 31 v 40 (OB ext.); summa has~m ness (in transferred mngs.); from OAkk., OB sa imittim sapassa sa-al-[mal-at if the "lip" on, Akk. 1w. in Hurrian (Brandenstein, AfO 13 of the right lung is black YOS 10 36 i 15, also ibid. 17 and 19, cf. liptum sa-lim TCL 6 3 r. 11 (SB), and passim in ext., see discussion section; 58); pl. salmis and salmani; wr. syll. and ALAM, NU, (DL, AN.DbL in OAkk., see MAD 3 244f.); summa qutrinnum alaksu sa-li-im if the path cf. salmu in bit salme. MSL 2 91:900 a-la-am (var. a-lam) ALAM (Proto-Ea); a-la-am ALAM = sga-al-mu Sb II 376, also A VIII/4:200; a-lam ALAM = [...], a-lam AM = [. . ] Ea VIII Excerpt 28'f.; gis.alam of the smoke is black PBS 1/2 99 i 17 (OB smoke omens); summa bitu sirsu MI if the plaster coating of a house is black CT 38 15:29 (SB Alu); 78 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu = sal-[mu] Hh. VII B 152, alam.zabar = [sa-almu] Hh. XII 130, alam.ku.babbar ibid. 221, na 4 .alam.za.gin = sal-mu Hh. XVI 85, na4. alam.gis.nux(sIR).gal = sal-m[u] ibid. 17, tug.gu.za.alam = (illuku) sd sal-me Hh. XIX 272, tug.bar.dab.alam = (kusitu) ad sal-[me] ibid. 112, [tug.nig.lam.alam] = (lamhussd) [sd sal]-mi ibid. 121. [nu]-u NU sa-al-mu Sb I 278; ALAM = la-a-nu, alam, nu, DIL = sal-mu Igituh I 393ff.; mul.ge = Hg. B VI 40; dUTU, dBI-le-baALAM = MIN CT 25 ANsa-al-meDTJL = ANsa-lamDUJL = dSAG.US dUTU 25:13f. and dupl., and passim in lists of gods; mu.sa.lum = §u (= musalum), sal-mu mirror = same, likeness Izi G 56f. alam.bi u4.ul.]i(var. .d).a.a(var. .se) u.mu.e.dim.ma (var. u.me.ni.ib.dim.[ma]): sa-lam-su ana lime sdti ibann[i] he (every king) makes a lasting statue (of usu-stone) of himself Lugale XI 14; [x] ag [alam].im.ginx(GIM) [...] gul.la : mu'abbit muqtabli kima sa-lam ti-diim who destroys (enemy) warriors like a clay image LIH 60 iv 17 (Hammurapi); alam.nig.sag.il.la. a.ni u.me.ni.dim : sa-lam an-du-na-ni-s4 binima make a substitute figurine of him CT 17 30 r. 32f.; alam.bi ... u.me.[ni.hur] : sa-lam-s ... e[sir] draw his likeness! CT 17 32: If., see eseru A mng. la-1'; alan(!).ne [ka.nu.tuh.u.dal na.izi [nu.urg] : sa(text a)-lam(!) annu ina la pit pi qutrinni ul issin this image cannot smell the (offered) incense without the pit-pi ceremony PBS 12/1 6: f., see Ebeling TuL 120. For further bil. texts, see usages c, d, f. [§U].NIR = sal-mu, kak-ku CT 41 28:1 f. (Alu Comm.); su-ur-mu-u(var. -td) = sa-al-mu Malku VIII 33. a) statue (in the round) - 1' of a deity - a' with the deity specified: dSin be-al DiJL su 4 -a Sin, the owner of this statue UET 1 276 i 24 (Naram-Sin), also ibid. 274 iii 17, etc.; ALAM lapis lazuli according to the techniques of (the crafts whose patrons are) DN, DN 2 , DN 3 (and) the Lady-of-the-Stonecutters BBSt. No. 36 iv 20 (NB), for a similar enumeration of divine patrons see usage a-2'a'; epis sa-lam dAssur u ilani rabiti the one who built the image of Assur and of the (other) great gods OIP 2 150 No. X 2, and passim, e. g., ADD 666:2, in Senn., also Borger Esarh. 6 § 3:16 var., and note ultu sa-lam dAssur belija ipusu Tadmor, Eretz Israel 5 156 r. 13, and passim in this text; pan sa-lam dEN dNinurta VAS 4 89:5 (NB); oil ana pasas sa-la-am E-la-li with which to anoint the image of DN(?) ARM 7 73:3; for yearnames referring to statues of deities, see RLA 2 p. 165 No. 38, 40, p. 179ff. No. 119, 132, 198, 205, 234, 240. r'] b' deities in gen.: one talent of wool a-na ALAM for the (divine) image VAS 9 44:2 (OB); mu.l.e gudu 4 alam e.dU+GUR for one year, the pasisu-office attached to the image in the chapel ofNergal Jean Tell Sifr 14:6; sars rum sa-al-ma-am ippu sandm userreb the king will make an image, (but) another (king) will bring it into (the temple) RA 44 42:45 (OB ext.), see also YOS 10 17:46; summa ALAM uddis if (a man) restores an image CT 40 11 r. i 81 (SB Alu), cf. sa-lam ilani rabiti uddis Borger Esarh. 23 Ep. 32b:39; NU-ka atmuh sis: siktaka as[bat] I have touched your (Samas') image, I have taken hold of the hem of your garment OECT 6 pl. 6 and p. 25 r. 18 (SB); salam i-<li>-Bi-nu ina iti ikarruru they (the enemy) will throw the statues of their gods dMAS suatu sa ina pan la basil ina hissat libbija [d]LAMA ilitisu rabiti ina dumuq aban sade u KUI.GI husd lu abni as to the image of Ninurta into the fire BRM 4 50:19 (NA hist.); note summa IGI ALAM GAR if a man has an eye like that of an image (i.e., staring) CT 28 29:21 that did not exist before, I cleverly built a likeness of his great godhead out of the choicest quarried stone and scraps of gold AKA 210:18, also ibid. 345 ii 133, cf. NU dEasarri NU dAdad gugalli same ersete lu addi ibid. 346 ii 135, and sa-lam dMa-SAR belija ina libbi lu usesib ibid. 170 r. 1 (all Asn.); ina sipir dNIN.IGI.NAGAR.SiR dGuskin. banda (SB physiogn.). c' other statues of religious importance: aladlamme u sa-lam mesreti gisnugalli sa ina isten abni ibband mindte Juklulu ina kigalli ramnisunu saqi nanzuzu alabaster statues of protective genii, and statues representing abundance, which were made of one piece of dNinkurra dNin.zadim ina hurdsi rus's uqnt ebbi sa-lam dUTU beli rabi knil ukanni he made the image of the great lord Sama carefully and duly of reddish gold and shining stone, in perfect dimensions, (each) placed on its own high pedestal OIP 2 108 vi 65 (Senn.), cf. ibid. 121:52; ALAM.MES hurdsi bindt apst imna u sumela ulziz right and left I set 79 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu up golden representations of creatures from neither of silver nor of copper MDP 2 p. 63 ii 3 (alabaster statue); I am Samsuiluna sa ALAM the abyss Borger Esarh. 87:25; ibnima sal-mi- [su-nu bab] apsi usas[bit ah]ratas la immassa [g]i lu ittu he (Marduk) made representations of them (the eleven monsters of Tiamat) and had them set up to keep watch at the gate to the abyss, (saying) "This is a sign never to gisnugallim sa 84 GU sipirtam isteat suklultam ina E.TUR.KALAM.MA uszizu who placed an alabaster statue (made) of one perfect block be forgotten" En. el. V 75; 4 dsa-lam URUDU nituhgalli massar badbnisusa 4 KUS mu'launu adi subatisunu URUDU.HI.A sapku four copper statues of "divine chief doorkeepers" standing guard (at) its doors, whose height was four cubits, cast of copper together with (weighing) 84 talents in the temple Eturkalama VAS 16 156:6, cf. ibid. 12, and RLA 2 p. 185 No. 176; iti 40 nam.gudu 4 urudu. alam dSin-iqgsam for .... the pag .u- office attached to the (deified) copper statue of RN (of Larsa) Jean Tell Sifr 88:13, and ud 40.kam nam.gudu 4 urudu.alam e.x for NU.MES ibid. 15 (OB); oil ana URUDU.ALAM Sin-id: dinam Bab. 7 46:4 (OB); 1 ALAM hurdsi sa referring to stone colossi in transport, see Ewiri-sarri RA 43 142:44 (Qatna); 20 MA.NA ABL 503 r. 20 (NA); I ascended Muli, the ala- kaspam <ana>sa-al-mi-ka uhhuz[im] twenty baster mountain sal-mu gisrutijaina qerbisu nu ulziz and erected there a stela (showing) minas of silver to plate your statue ARM 1 74:4, me in my supreme strength (Shalm. II). ibid. 5; sanat RN ALAM-mZ their socles TCL 3 399 (Sar.); cf. sa-al-mu sa anniki'am u ina GN innepsu KAH 1 30 r. 3 ana dIM sa Halab uselu year in which Zimrilim dedicated his (own) statue to the Addu of Halab Studia d' salmu as the name of a deity: for dALAM, see Frankena Takultu 112 No. 199; note dSa-almu KUB 37 54:2; for alam as the second element in designations of objects of worship, see dlstar-NU.MES Frankena Takultu p. 95 No. 100, dlstar.ALAM ibid. No. 101, dKippat-KUR. ALAM ibid. p. 98 No. 112, dNiphu/i-ALAM ibid. p. 107 No. 170, dNu-rU-ALAM ibid. p. 108 No. 176, also Miller, MVAG 41/3 25f, also dls-ha-radALAM KAV 78:28. 2' of a king - a' named king: mammana DUL su 4 -a uahharu anyone who places this statue in the background (inscr. on a statue of Sargon, see [mu.sar.ra] alan.na in line Mariana 57 No. 20, also ibid. No. 21, and note copper and silver for plating such a statue in refs. cited in Syria 20 107 f., also [i]napanisu sa-la-am bilija kdribu cited in Syria 19 125; lipit qdti ana ALAM [Ham]murapi (a lamb) used for extispicy for (obtaining an omen concerning) a statue of RN Bab. 2 257:11 (OB report); for ana NU damesu, see damu mng. la-1'; awdtija suqurdtim ina nareja asturma ina mahar ALAM-ia Sar misarim ukin I wrote down my precious dispositions upon a stela of mine and set it up in front of the statue of me (called) "king of justice" CH xl 76, cf. let him come ana mahar ALAM-ia sar miarim nar satram 34) Barton RISA 112 xi 23, also (from the base of a statue, see: ki.gal an.ta igi.ni.se a.ab .sar in line 20f.) ibid. 120 xviii 36 (Rimus), and passim in OAkk. texts, see Gelb MAD 3 244f., note: PN GiR.NITA GN ana PN AN.DUL-8U isruk RA 34 p. 174:5, and passim on early royal statues; e.alam d -dEN.ZU chapel of the image of RN ITT 2 3390:6, cf. ki.gal alam dSu-dEN.ZU ibid. 795 r. 1, also (oil ration for) PN DUB.nagar alam.lugal in.dim. ma PN, the metalworker, when he made the statue of the king Hussey Sumerian Tablets 2 3 x 20 (all Ur III); ula kaspum ula weri'um listassima to the statue of me (called) "king his (Puzur-Insusinak's) statue is star, his right hand in the gesture of greeting DUL-zu(!) of justice" and read my inscribed stela (referring to the original promulgation of the law in Babylon) ibid. xli 6; sa-lam sarritija surbd epus ina GN dl sarrutisu ina bit ildnisu useSibe I made a large statue of myself as king and placed (it) in GN, his (the defeated king's) capital, in his temple Layard 96:156 (Shalm. III); 1 sa-lam RN Sar GN sa age kaks kabti iliti apruma qdt imittisu kcribat adi one statue of bitigu 60 Gf.UN ere KI.LA Argisti, king of Urartu, which (represents him) crowned with the divine tiara with a 80 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu (the deity), of copper weighing sixty talents, 176ff. Nos. 61, 62, 115, 124, 170, 176, 191, 199, 206, including its canopy TCL 3 402 (Sar.); 1 salam utnenni manzdz sarruti sa RN sar GN 211, 216, 218, 219, 223, 225, 237, 239, 241, 245, 260, 263, 266, 280, 288, 291, and also p. 193 No. 10. subtasu siparri si-pi-ku one copper statue representing Istardfri, king of Urartu, as king, in an attitude of prayer, its base is cast b' kings in gen.: sa-lam LUGAL AfO 18 306 iii 36 and 38 (MA inventory); sa-al-mu Sa sarri rabi KUB 3 39 r. 7, cf. sa-al-me hurdsi ibid. 4; bronze ibid. 400; 1 sa-lam RN itti sise pithal: sa-lam eri tamil gattisun ana suzzuzi qereb ekurrdte a bronze statue in his (each king's) likeness to set up in temples OIP 2 108 vi 81 lisu sa narkabtisu adi subtisunu eri apku one statue of Ursa with his two steeds and his charioteer, with their socle, made of cast (Senn.), and 122:15; 32 ALAM.MES LUGAL.MES copper ibid. 403; ALAM sarrtija Sa kaspi hurasi eri namri ina Sipir dNIN.A.GAL dGuS - pitiq hurasi kaspi eri gisnugalli 32 royal statues, (some) of cast gold, (others of) silver, copper (or) alabaster (as booty from Susa) kin.banda dNinkurra naklis usepis ana miterrisibaldtija mahar ildni ... ukin I had a statue of me as king made out of silver, gold and shining copper sophisticatedly (wrought) in the techniques (under the patronage) of the gods DN, DN, (and) DN3 (and) placed (it) before the gods to constantly request 16 iii 49 cf. Iraq RN2 ... Streck Asb. 54 vi 48, cf. ibid. 216 No. 14:6; salam-a-ni sa sarri ... ina muhhi kigalli imittu sumeli us-sa-za-a-a-zi I set up the statues of the king right and left on a pedestal ABL 257 r. 5, cf. [s]a-lam sarrdni ... ZAG u GUB sa dSin] lusazziz[i] ABL 36 r. 3; NU sarrdni well-being for me Thompson Esarh. pl. (Asb.), restored from Piepkorn Asb. p. 5, 14 34:76 (Asn.); adi ALAM RN ALAM alqd ana GN I took to Assyria, to- ina muhhi abisu sa sarri ussaziz isten ina pan Bil isten ina pan Nabd I placed the royal statues beside (those of) the king's father, one before Bel, one before Nabu ABL 951:19 (NA), cf. 2 NU.MAN.MES KAL.MES two large royal statues ABL 1194:13 (NA), and passim in ABL; DIS ALAM LUGAL KUR.BI lu ALAM abisu lu ALAM ababisu imqutma sebir lu gether with the statue of Ummanigas, the statue of Istarnanhundi Streck Asb. 54 vi 52ff.; sa-lam-a-ni sa RN sar [GN] ammar sa ina libbi ekurr[ate ... ] all the statues of Sargon, king of Assyria, [that are set up] in the temples bunnannluukkil (for ukkul) if a statue of the king of this country, or a statue of his father, or a statue of his grandfather falls and breaks, or if its face becomes obliterated RAcc. 8 r. ABL 1014 r. 12 (NA); note also the damaged passage lu-u sa-lam RN lu sa-lam [. . ]-ti lu sa-lam LU[GAL.MES ... ] Wiseman Treaties 402ff., which seems to indicate that 14; note: the oath was taken in the temple before the images of the ruling king, his son and earlier(?) kings; sitir sumija u sa-lam sar: rutija mahar Samas u Aja ... RN ... ALAM ki-i-tum IN.NA.DiM ina mahirim usziz Addahusu made a stela (called) "justice" and placed it in the market-place (so that Samas could inform anybody who did not know(?) the just price) ukin I set up (in the restored temple) before Samas and Aja an inscription with my name and a MDP 28 p. 5:4 (brick); one-fourth of the meat statue of me as king VAB 4 232 i 36 (Nbn.), also ibid. 258 ii 9 and 22; ALAM Sarrutija bdbil the royal statues VAS 15 16:8, also ibid. 7 (NB). sa sa-lam sarrani from (the animals offered to) tupsikkam lu abnima ina temenna lu astakkan I made a (foundation) figurine (representing) me as king, carrying the basket of bricks, and deposited it in (each) foundation (corner) VAB 4 62 ii 56 (Nabopolassar); c' deified royal images worshiped in temples: dNU MAN (= salamsarri)(among the gods of the temple of Anu) KAV 42 ii 6, also (temple of Gula) ibid. iii 6, (temple of Adad) ibid. ii 9 and 43 ii 21, and see for other refs. Frankena Thkultu p. 112, and Muiller, MVAG 41/3 for (early OB and OB) year names referring to royal statues, with indications as to features and p. 27; note: NU Tukulti-apil-Earra(in list of materials, see RLA 2 148f. Nos. 67, 160, p. 156f. Nos. 102, 104, 107, 119, 123, 128, 188, 213, also p. Assyrian gods for cult purposes) KAV 42 i 12; ALAM LUGAL.GIN the statue of Sargon Cyr. 81 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu 256:9, cf. also ALAM(!) LUGAL.GI.NA Camb. 150:4; note the unique name: NU.MAN.E, ALAM.MES Sa hurasi uppuqutu musSurutu (for mussurutu) statues of solid gold, engraved i.e., Salmu-sarri-iqbe The-(Divine)-Statueof-the-King-has-Spoken (i.e., promised the EA 29:162, and passim in this letter referring to the same topic, and note: ALAM.MES sa isi ibid. 70, also ALAM.MES ... uppuqiitu EA 26:53; birth of the child) ADD 200 r. 14, and passim, wr. NU.MAN-iq-bi ADD 105 r. 5, and pas- sim, dNU.MAN.E ADD 81 r. 6, and passim, and Sal-mu-MAN-iq-bi ADD 164 r. 8, also ABL 460 r. 13. d' royal family, etc.: hurdsa ana sa-lam sarrani ana sa-lam sa ummi sarri la iddin he did not give any gold for the images of our king (or) the image of the king's 1 pis7atu rittasu NA 4 .AN.GUG.ME sakarsu ALAM gisnugalli one ointment spoon with a handle of .... -stone (and) a knob consisting of an alabaster statuette EA 25 ii 44, cf. ALAM SAL-tum Sa KA.[x] (the mirror's knob is) a female statuette of [... ] ibid. 56, also (sa us~ of ebony, in same context) ibid. 58, ALAM amiltu gisnugalli (knob of a sallulam) EA 22 ii 21; muhhasu gabba ALAM KU.G[I] its entire top part (i.e., that of the appatu) is a mother ABL 114 r. 4 (NA), cf. sa-lam.MEs sa ina pan dSin lu[sazzizu] mar[e] sa sarri ... golden figurine EA 22 i 26. b) relief, drawing - 1' in gen.: sa-laam-Su u sa-lam dINNIN ... usziz MSP 6 161 i 4f. (Annubanini), referred to as sa-al-mi-in let them set up the statues of the king's sons before Sin ABL 36 r. 6 (NA); ALAM.MES Sa malkl u rubi ALAM.MES sa hupse statues of princes and rulers, statues of ordinary annin ibid. 9; nara asturma sa-lam ildni ina muhhi abni ina subat il~ti ulziz I inscribed a stela and drew upon it a relief (representing) people KAR 214 i 19f. (takultu); URUDU.ALAM dNanna hurdsam usahhaz I (KudurMabuk) will give orders to decorate the copper statue of the high priestess of Nanna with EN a gold trim gods, I set it up in a sacred place Unger BelHarran-beli-ussur 15; u[Se]pisma nard sitir sumija sa-lam ildni rabdti ... esiqa szrussu sa- UET 5 75:5 (OB let.); for an ex- ceptional example of a statue made of a private person, see ibnd sa-lam ibrisu he (Gilgames) made a statue of his friend lam sarrutija musappu ilitisun maharsun ulziz tanitti Marduk ... sirussu usastir I had 3' three-dimensional figures as ornaments, etc.: 1 ALAM uqn sum u Usur-pisu one lapis lazuli statuette (inscribed with) its name RA 43 "Watch-his(the master's)-Word!" a stela made containing an inscription of mine, (that is) I engraved upon it a relief (representing) the main gods, and had myself depicted as king standing in supplication in their divine presence and had inscribed upon it the praise of Marduk (and my pious deeds) 140:22 (OB Qatna), cf. 1 ALAM uqni ibid. 45, 74, 2 ALAM uqni MAS.TAB.BA usahrd ina qereb KUR GN 6 nare danniti sa- (Enkidu) STT 15 r. 19, and see Gurney, JCS 8 94. Streck Asb. 270 iv 2 and 3; and passim, note: two lapis lazuli Sumsu sunu mu-su-ni statuettes, twins, they are called muSuni (in lam ildni rabiti ... sa abtani qerebsun u sga-lam Sarritijalabin appi maharsunulziz I depicted the great gods on six large stelas (stela shaped rock reliefs) on Mount Tas, at the source of the canal which I had dug, and showed my royal likeness in a position of prayer before Hurrian) ibid. 179, see Goetze, JCS 2 138, also 1 ALAM hurdsi RA 43 143:57, 97, and passim; 1 ALAM rabi KZ.GI.GAR.RA ... U upal sepesu one large statuette, KU.BABBAR GAR.RA mounted in gold, and its footstool, mounted in silver EA 14 ii 11 (from Egypt); u ALAM. MES sa hiurasi sapkiu uppuqutu and statues them OIP 2 84:55 (Senn., Bavian); sal-mu sarri sa mi-si-ri andku etesiri sal-mu sarri sa kappusite sunu etapsu I made a drawing of the king for a relief(?) while they made a of cast, solid gold EA 27:19 (let. of Tuiratta, but referring to Egyptian objects), and passim in likeness of the king for .... (the king should see them and we will execute the one that this letter, note Sa uqn Sadi of genuine lapis lazuli ina pi nri pleases the king) ABL 1051:4 and 6 (NA), ibid. 22, and sa GIS.MES uhhuzutu cf. Sa sal-mu Sarri Sa eppasunihattu inapan ahisu those that were of (gold)-plated wood ibid. 33; 82 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu pa-ra-ak-at ibid. r. 2; NU.MES-§u-nu amur <a 290 i 104f. (Asn.), kussi attianas look at the pictures of those who carry my throne (on the relief) VAB 3 tanatti kissutija ina libbi altur ina sade GN ina URU RN ina r s eni usezziz I made a stela showing my likeness, wrote on it my glorious achievements (and) set it up on Mount GN, Nk 91:26, cf. nard sautu tammari u sal-ma-a-nu aganniituibid. 69:106 (Dar.); sa-lam-sic uME.TE. of. sa-lam bunnanija epus MES-si la mur he (the king) could not find the representation (of Samas) with his regalia BBSt. No. 36 i 16, cf. usurti sal-mi-si sirpu ssa hasbi sikinsu u simatiu a relief (consisting of) a drawing of his (Sama') picture on fired clay (with) his features and his regalia ibid. iii 19, also sal-mu sudtu imurma ibid. iv 8, in the city RN, at the source ibid. 277 i 68, also 328 ii 91, and note sa-lam bunnnija Sa pili pes epus tanatti ... ina libbi SAR ina GN and GIS.HAR sal-mi uatu RN ukallimma he called (the new city) Kar- arru-ken showed the drawing of this representation to Assur ... Nabu-apal-iddina I kakki ina libbi usesib sa-lam sarrutijaina ALAM Sudtu i'abbatuma whoever changes the wording of my inscription (or) destroys this whoever destroys this relief AKA 249 v 56, cf. ana hulluq ALAM-ia anne u tameti ana sunne ibid. 250 v 73, also ana epsetia u ALAM-ia ibid. 251 v 82, also sa ... a-mat-tu sa ppsu ustenna u ana ALAM-ia Sudtu lemneti ilte'u ibid. 252 v 87 (all Asn.); inscribed and decorated monument ibid. 10; ann sulmu sa ina pan sa-al-me tuppi ade (obscure) Craig ABRT 1 23 ii 26 (oracles to Esarh.). 2' in legends beside a representation of a deity, a king, or another person: sa-lam PN ana sade Atalur asar NU sa RN zaqpu allik NU KI NU-u useziz I went to Mount Atalur, BBSt. No. 9 Face A 1 and 4, Face B 1, also ibid. where No. 28 (pl. 103) legend No. 2; sa-lam RN BBSt. No. 28 legend No. 1, No. 29 legend No. 1, VAS 1 37 vi 1; sa-lam dUTU EN GAL asib Ebabbara BBSt. No. 36 p. 121 (= pl. 98) legend No. 5; [NU d]15, NU dIM WVDOG 4 pl. 2 No. 1 a and b; NU PN ibid. 296 ii 5; representing myself as king Winckler Sar. p. 32 No. 68:63; §a ... tamet sitrija ustennd BBSt. No. 34:1, cf. sa sal-mu u nara anna ubbatu placed it in its (GN's) wall qerbisu ulziz (and) installed therein the "weapon" of Assur and erected in it a stela ibid. iii 30; note sal-mu PN simat Sin Marduk u Nergal pdlih Nabi u Mardukc krib sarribelisu stela (showing) PN, (with) the symbols of DN, DN 2, and DN 3, as a worshiper of Nabi and Marduk, greeting his king and lord usezziz nard SAR ina dcrisu askun I made a white limestone stela with my likeness and set it up in GN, I inscribed an(other) stela and WVDOG 4 pl. 2 c. a stela of Anum-hirbe had been erected, and set up my stela beside his stela (see Balkan Letter 35) 3R 7 ii 10, also WO 2 412:3, cf. sa-lam bundnija epus tanitti Asur ... ina qerebsu altur ina muhhi tdmdi useziz 3R 7 i 26, also sa-lam sarrutija ina GN asqup Layard 94:124 (all Shalm. III); sa-lam sarrutija surba DT-c litat Assur belija ... ina qerbisu altur ina GN ... useziz 1R 30 iii 20 (SamsiAdad V); sa-lamsarrutijalimurmasamna lipsus 3' on stelas or rock reliefs representing stelas, referring to the entire monument: ina res eni sa Idiglat Purattuallik sa-lam sarrutija ina kappisina ulziz I went to the sources of niqe liqqi itti sa-lam-i-su liskun let him read the Tigris (and) Euphrates and set up on their my royal stela, anoint it with oil, sacrifice a banks a stela showing me as king Layard 92:92 sheep (to it, and) place it beside his own stela (Shalm. III), Streck Asb. 246:79ff. and 242:54ff.; sal-mu sitir sumi sa RN ... dmurma ki anna' ina muhhi cf. ana KUR Lallar eli sa-lam sarritijaina libbi usezziz ibid. 88:31; ina res eni fD Subnat asar sa-lam sa Tukulti-apilEsarra u Tukulti-Ninurta sar Assur abbea izzazini sa-lam sarritijaabni ittisunu usezziz at the source of the river Subnat where the stelas of my forefathers, RN and RN2 , kings of Assyria, stand, I fashioned a stela showing me as king and set it up beside them AKA 6* sal-mu Sitir sumisu satir I discovered a stela with an inscription of Sagarakti- urias, and this was written upon the stela in his inscription CT 34 35:40ff. (Nbn.); MU NU anne dAdad-isdeja-ukn sumsu the name of this stela is Adad-Has-Made-my-PositionSecure Pognon Inscriptions semitiques de la Syrie 83 oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu p. 107, pl. 5:6 (NA stela of a governor of Der), of the reliefs VAS 6 120:10 (NB), cf. ibid. 5 and 12; NA 4 asumit sa siparri sa sa-lam dI tar sa UR.MAH sinditu ina muhhi esri the bronze plaque upon which is drawn a picture of Istar driving a lion MVAG 12/4 16 VAT 7:6 (NB let.); naru ... sa sa-lam NIN.DINGIR.RA cf. sa-lam bunnanisu ana baldt napsatisu ... ina mahar dAdad belisu ... usziz ibid. 4; for stelas with the inscription sa-lam RN (or PN) within an amulet-shaped cartouche and mostly without representations of figures, see Andrae Stelenreihe p. 8:1, and passim. 4' on other surfaces: 1 gistuppu hurasi SA 1 ALAM uqqur one gold plaque on which a figure is engraved RA 43 148:116 (OB Qatna), and passim in this text; 1 GIS.DUB.DUB la ALAM. MES U sa abbi wooden .... sa usi KJU.GI.GAR.RA one with figures and with abibu- monsters, (made) of gold-plated ebony c) constellation: with embroidered pictures made of gold and DINGIR.MES 7 this text; Anum sarru ittasd sa-lam band Anu the king has risen, the beautiful constellation (incipit of a hymn) RAcc. 119:17, and referred to as ittasa sa-lam band ibid. p. NU.MES Sa ina muhhi hullanu erib-bzti sd-p/bu-u the names of the deities whose seven images are embroidered(?) on the mantle of the temple 120 r. 17; an alam PA.AN dA.nu.ta.kex(KID) [...] : ina servants UVB 15 40 r. 13 (NB rit.); kunukku ... sa RN ... sa-lam dSin ... ibnd serussu AN-e dA-nu-[ti ... ] sa-lam-ka a-na pa-ra-as in the sky your constellation [is worthy] of the most important office KAR the seal on which Assurbanipal (had) the im- 50:5f., see RAcc. 22f., cf. also alam dingir ki.ses.bi nam.tar.tar.e.ne : sa-lam si age of Sin engraved VAB 4 286 x 35 (Nbn.); NU kassdpi u kassipti sa qemi ... tessir you itti ili ahhesu szmit simu this constellation has been determined by the gods, his draw a picture of the sorcerer and the sorceress with flour MUL.SU.GI sal-mu VAT 9428:1, see Weidner, AfO 4 74f., cf. MUL.MAS. TAB.BA GAL.GAL 2 sal-mu ibid. 4, and passim in silver (thread) EA 25 iii 68f. (list of gifts of TusMU.MES YOS 1 45 i 31 (Nbn.); [asumit]tu NA 4 galdla sa sa-la[m ... ] a relief in galdlu-stone with the likeness [of ... on it] MDP 21 p. 59:1 (Dar.). EA 22 iii 5 (list of gifts of Tusratta); [...] ALAM. MES sa ka-zi-ri.MES hurdsi kaspi (garments) ratta); bajmu serussu a stela on which was delineated a picture of an entu-priestess (and on which, moreover, he had written instructions concerning her appurtenances, dress and jewelry) Maqlu IX 156; NU sd brothers KAR 50:13f. zi.DA sa ina qaqqari esru the figure which is drawn with flour on the ground PBS 1/2 106 r. 27, cf. 7 NU.MES Slit kappa sa ina res kummi esru BBR No. 53:16, and passim, see eseru A mng. la; sa-lam sarritijamusapp iliti: sun miterris baldtijau sa-lam PN mar reditija d) -1' figurine used in cult and black magic of deities and demons: NU dL u g a. glir. abtaniserussu upon it (the metal facing of the dais) I fashioned a representation of myself depicted as king in supplication before the gods, asking for my good health, and a representation of my heir apparent, Assur- ra AfO 14 142:23, and passim, AMT 2,5:10; NU dGilgdmes ABL 56 r. 5, also ALAM dGIS.BIL. GA.MES KUB 37 88:7'; alam dMes.lam.ta. e.a AfO 14 150:207; NU dLatarak ABL 977 r. 4, and passim; sa-lam dDumuzi Hg. B II 180, in MSL 6 142; ALAM dGIR.UNU.GAL : sa-lam dU+GUR AfO 14 150:195ff.; NU dNa-ru-da AAA 22 p. 46 iii 1 and pl. 11, and passim; NU. banipal Borger Esarh. 87 r. 3f.; MES DINGIR.IMIN.BI maskan sa- lam dAssur u sa-lam ildni rabiti mala ittisu ana libbi Tiamat salti illaku esrusu a plaque on which was drawn the likeness of Assur and the likeness of all the (other) great gods who went with him to do battle with Tiamat OIP 2 141 r. 6 (Senn.); Sum ili ana muhhi IM. DUB sa sal-ma-nu ana PN usellu he will take an oath against PN in the matter of the .... 84 ibid. 44 ii 17 and pl. 11, and passim; NU DINGIR.E KAR 298:38, and NU dl5.E BBR No. 47 ii 17; 2 NU.MES lah-me. MES (var. 2 NU dLah-mu.MES) AAA 22 pl. 12 iii 49, var. from D. T. 186; 2 NU dLU.LAL ibid. 53; NU DUMU.SAL dA-nim ABL 977 r. 3, NU dNam.tar ibid.; 2 NU basme 2 NM MUS.HUS AAA 22 pi. 12 iii 50; NU UR.IDIM ibid. 51; NU.MES ku-sa-rik-ku ibid. 51; 2 alam oi.uchicago.edu salmu salmu ma .tab.ba : 2 sa-lam ma-a-si AfO 14 150:201ff.; NU.MES UR.MAH.LU KAR 298 r. 15, NU.MES KU 6 .LU.Ux(GISGAL).LU ibid. r. 6, NU.MES GIR.TAB.LU.Ux.LU ibid. r. 8, NU NUN. ME ibid. 15, and passim in this text, note NU. MES PIRIG.GAL ibid. 41; NU SUHUR.MAS AAA 22 pl. 12 iii 55; NU GIDIM lemnu ABL 461:3; NU ha'a[tti] AMT 97,1:16; sa-lam LU.US AMT 2,5:9; NU ma-mit ibid. 1, also NU u1 ABL 977 r. 4; PBS 1/1 15:23; NU mu-U-tu ALAM mimma lemnu AMT 101,2 iv 7, and passim; NU mursi KAR 66:8. 2' of human beings (used in substitution rituals): ci sa sal-mu sa iskuri ina iti issarrapunisa titi ina me immahhahuni just as a figurine made of wax is being burnt in fire, one made of clay is being dissolved in water Wiseman Treaties 608; murussu qdt ameluti NU.MES-sic unullu his disease (was caused) by a human hand-figurines of him have been laid (in bed) Labat TDP 176:3; (stones and gold given) ana epes a 2 NU.MES (to the woodworker, metal worker and stonecutter) RAcc. 132:192, cf. NU.MES Sunuti 7 SU.sI lansunu these figurines are seven fingers high (a description of their features dini, epistu, episu, ikku A in bel ikki, kass'ptu, kassapu, lemuttu in bel lemutti, mustepistu, rdhitu, rdhu, redd in bel redi, sirru in bel sirri. e) body, bodily shape, stature: sa-lam pagrisu [... ] the shape of his body Gilg. I ii 2. f) likeness (in transferred mngs.) - 1' in gen.: abusu sa Sarri belija sa-lam IEN sc u sarru beli sa-lam dEN-ma s the father of the king, my lord, was the very image of Bel, and the king, my lord, is likewise the very image of Bel ABL 6:17f. (NA), cf. sarru bil mdtdti sa-al-mu sa dSamas su ABL 5 r. 4 (NA), also sar kisSati sa-lam dMarduk atta Thompson Rep. 170 r. 2 (NB); tu 6 .tu 6 tu 6 .dAsar.ri lu.ka.pirig alam dAsal.lu.hi : siptum sipat dMarduk dsipu sa-lam dMarduk the conjuration (recited) is the conjuration of Marduk, the conjurer is the very image of Marduk AfO 14 150:225f. (bt msiri); sallu u mitu k aahmes [sunu] sa m ti ul issiru sa- la[m-su] how alike to the dead is one who sleeps, do they not look alike (lit. do they not both draw the picture of death)? Gilg. X vi 34. 2' in personal names: dBE-sal-mu-DINGIR. Ea-is-the-Very-Image-of-Godhead follows lines 205ff.) ibid. 201 (New Year's rit.); sa-lam pu-u-hi ABL 46:5, NU pu-hi-LU AMT 94,1:2, cf. ABL 977 r. 5; ALAM andundni KUB 29 58 iii 25, see G. Meier, ZA 45 200, alam MES nig.sag.il.la.a.ni : sa-lam andundnisu 5R passim in ADD. VAS 5 18:2; Sal-mu-PAP.MEs(= ahhe) Likenessof-(his-dead)-Brothers ADD 217:3, and passim in NA, also mNU.PAP.MES ADD 855:15, and E. D. Van Buren, Or NS 10 65ff. Maqlu IX 164; 50 ii 57f.; NU NiG.SAG.iL-e note, however, referring to the person serving as substitute: RN sarru PN ... ana NU NiG.SAG.GIL-e ina kussizu usesib King Irra- salmu in bit salme s.; niche(?); NA*; cf. salmu s. imitti set Bel-bani upon his (own) throne (to enema abullu sa Libur-salhi sa SUHUR E serve) as substitute King Chron. 2 12:9; salam man-za-si (= manzalti) ADD 941 iii 11, cf. TCL 3 400; NU bunndniu KAR 228:25, also sa-al-me Sa bab Assur belija sa ina pana epsu enahma anhussa unekkir ansa akser at that time the gate (called) Libur-salki, adjacent to the niche(?) at the Gate of Assur, my lord, which had been built earlier, fell into ruin, (and) I removed its ruins (and) repaired the KUB 37 106:14; ALAM LUGAL-pU-U-hi 653:10; he had clad it placed ABL sa-lam [... u]sepismauhallipa basamu a figure made (representing himself), in sackcloth (put fetters on it and it beside a millstone as if it were dilapidated (part) KAH 2 41:6 (= AOB 1 150, Shalm. I); ina E.ALAM bitika namri hadis ina alJbika when you (Aja) sit down happily in grinding, as befits a slave) Borger Esarh. 105 ii 18; note sa-lam abija KAR 178 r. vi 51, and sa-lam etem(!) abika ibid. 35, cf. ibid. 37; the niche(?), your splendid abode ii 14 (Nbn.). for figurines of other adversaries see amatu in bel amati, dabdbu in bel dababi, dinu in bel VAB 4 232 For a bitu (made of copper) destined to house a statue, see TCL 3 402, and for a ref. in 85 oi.uchicago.edu saltu salpu which e refers to a chapel in which a deified image is placed, see usage a-2'a'. ITT 2 3390 sub salmu salpu adj.; diagonal, slanting, crooked, dishonest; OB, SB; cf. saldpu. 16.sa.bar.ra = sa li-ib-ba-su sa-al-pu whose heart is crooked OB Lu Part 4:25, also OB Lu B vi 8. a) diagonal, slanting: summa ina sumel marti ina E GiR-ma ana panisasa-al-pa-atana arkisaturrat if at the left of the gall bladder in the .... there is a "foot" and it is slanted towards its front, turned towards its back KAR 454:28 (SB ext.), cf. GiR sal-pat (in broken context) CT 31 11 i 8. b) crooked, dishonest (said of persons): see OBLu, in lex. section; suhdru sa-li-im-ma itbiamma ittalkam the boy is dishonest, and he has left VAS 16 201:6, also ibid. 24 (OB let.); dajana sal-pa mesira tukallam you (Samas) perience make the dishonest judge eximprisonment (himself) Lambert BWL 132:97, cf. tutarra sal-pa sa lami [...] ibid. 128:61 (SB lit.); sal-pa egru las em AfO 19 63:53 (SB rel.). salpu s.; (mng. uncert.); SB*; cf. saldpu. du 14 = tu-qu-un-tum, UD.ur.dug4.ga = sal-tum 3 Antagal VIII 6f.; mas-gi x (sign SL No. 825) = sal-turmsd LUGAL.DIDLI A II/4:149; na 4 .KA.LU.NE = NA4 sa-al-tum Hh. XVI C 4, cf. [na 4 .KA].LU.NE = Hg. B IV 86; note: na 4 .L(!).NE NA4 sal-ti = [...] = MIN (= NA4 ) sa-al-tum PBS 12/1 6 r. 19 (excerpt from Hh. XVI). du 1 4 km.ma.ga.ga : ina biritisina [...] sa-al-tam tasakkani you cause quarreling among them (the women) RA 24 36 ii 7 and r. ii 7, see van Dijk La Sagesse p. 92; du 1 4 .da ki.nam.ge 4 .me. a.as.kex(KID) eme.sig ku.ku ki.nam.luh.se i. g a : sa-al-tu asarkinatiti karsz akali asarpas suti ip-pa-as-si there is quarreling among colleagues and slander (even) among anointed priests Lambert BWL 259:12; [a.L]du.NE.da.ka gub.ba.mu. [d ] : ahi sa-al-ti ina uzuzzi[ja] when I (Istar) am present at a quarrel (sinnistu muddt piltu anakurna I am a woman who knows meanness, parallel: SBH p. 106:41f.; ahi dinim ina uzuzzi[ja]) sag.sahar.tag.ga : sa-al-tu UD.ur.dug 4 .ga [...] ASKT p. 82-83 i 16. da-sa-a-tum = sal-ti Surpu p. 50 Comm. B i 9; pu-uh-pu-[hu]-u = sal-td Izbu Comm. 142, also ibid. 463; sah4 -mas-td = salva-al-t[um] Izbu Comm. 364; .Bf.ZA = sal-td ibid. 485, also ibid. 526; ni-ip-hu = sal-turn ibid. 545; obscure: x-b/pu-u // sal-tu4 CT 41 31:29, also (variant gloss) DU 4 // ZI.GA CT 38 50:49 (SB Alu); sal-turn (=) mit-hu-su // pu-s-pu-u (incipit of a syn. list or comm.) TCL 6 12 bottom part col. ii 8; tu-qu-un-t = sa-al-t Malku III 6. 1. quarrel, disagreement, affray - a) in OA: sa-al-tdm bit abini e iskun he must not cause quarreling in our father's house BIN 4 [summa K]U 6 sa-al-pi unassisma BAR-sK ippus if a s. fish wriggles and sheds his scales CT 41 14:10 (Alu), cf. [summa K]U 6 sa-[al-pi 11:7, cf. mamman sa-al-tdm ina barisunu istakan CCT 3 15:28; sa-al-ti-umina barisunu ittebe a quarrel arose among them CCT 3 32:23 (= CCT 4 39b). ina bit ameli ittappas ibid. 8. Since the next omen (line 12) lists KU6 .AL. SEG6 .GA, "cooked fish," salpu may refer to a ... way in which fish were preserved, or perhaps to the string on which they were dried. See silpu. b) in MA: ssumma sinnistu ina sa-al-te iska sa a'lli tahtepe if, in an affray, a woman crushes a man's testicle KAV 1 i 78 (Ass. Code § 8), also ibid. 85; summa a'~lu ana tappd'isu **(salpu?) pl.? salpani (Bezold Glossar 238a) see nipu. lu ina puzri lu ina sa-al-te iqbi if a man says to his equal, either secretly or during a quar- saltu (seltu, siltu, sassu) s. fem.; 1. quarrel, disagreement, affray, 2. fight, battle, fighting, 3. lawsuit, litigation; from OA, OB on; siltu and seltu beside saltu in OB, MB, SB, rel ibid. ii 73 (§ 18), cf. lu ina sa-al-te ana pani ERIN.ME iqbiassu or he tells him during a quarrel in front of other men ibid. ii 85 (§ 19), summa a'ilu ina sa-al-ti ana a'il[i ... ] AfO 12 53 Text N 1, and ibid. 5 (Ass. Code); summa SAL in OB and SB, LB, sassu in NA, pl. sltu sEletu YOS 10 54 left edge 3 (OB) and in RS; sa ekallim lu taz[amm]ur u lu sa-al-ta [i]stu mehertisa gar'at if a woman living in the palace either sings, or quarrels with another wr. syll. and DUo4; cf. s8lu. du-u LU.NE = sal-ta Sb II 327; [du]-u LTXNE = sa-al-tum A VII/2:33; du-i LT.NE = sal-tum Diri VI E 46; LU.NE = sa-al-tum OB Lu A 501. one of her status AfO 17 287:103 (harem edicts), 86 oi.uchicago.edu saltu saltu DU 1 4 sad-rat-su for him quarrels will follow one after the other CT 39 2:100 (Alu), also DU 14 sad-rat-su CT 39 45:39 (Alu), Kraus Texte 47:9', also se-le-tum sa-ad-ra-a-tim YOS 10 54 left edge 3 (OB physiogn.); DU 14 (var. sal-tum) cf. ina sa-al-ti-si-na u[m i]li ana masikte tazak-ru-u-ni (when the wives of the king and other women fight among themselves) and one (of them) utters the name of the god in a curse during their quarreling ibid. 279:57, and (in broken context) ibid. 58. u puhpuhi aknusu quarreling and bickering are in store for him CT 27 18:26, var. from CT 28 2:42(Izbu), cf. sal-ta puhpuhd immar Kraus CT 20 12 Texte 22 i 15; ana kabti sal-tu c) in RS: u ipsa se-le-tu ina biti epsuni u qadu mate se-le-tu ina beruni and quarrels have taken place in the house, but how long shall there be quarrels between us? MRS 9 K.9213+:7 (ext.); dluSiDU 14 sad-rat-su forthis town quarrels will follow one after the other 229 RS 18.54A: 14 and 16. CT 38 2:29, cf. alu su ina libbisu DU 1 4 sad-rat ibid. 39 (Alu); corrupt: sal-ti DINGIR ana ali GAL CT 39 3:12 (Alu). d) in NA: ittimali PN ina libbi ekalli saa-su ana PN 2 igdiri yesterday PN started a quarrel (or affray) with PN in the palace 2. fight, battle, fighting - a) in gen.: PN i-na si-il-[ti] sa Subar[ti] RN imursu[ma] Kurigalzu saw PN (distinguishing himself) in the battle against Assyria (and he made a Thompson Rep. 55:7. e) in NB: [...] ana muhhi PN ... sal-ti ahames gard they were involved in a quarrel on account of PN ABL 1102:3. grant to him) f) in SB (lit.): ina marustikamaul inass'ka ina sal-ti-ka-ma elika sansat when you are in trouble, she (the courtesan) will not support you, when you are in a dispute she will mock MDP 2 p. 93 i 4 (MB); sa sal-ta la idi ippusa tahaza he who does not know anything about fighting wants to go to war Gassmann Era IV 9; apluhdte sa-la-a-ti (var. sa-la-tu) attlkama yours is the warlike armor you Lambert BWL 102:76; ina pan sal-tim-ma (var. sal-ti) putur e takpud go your way when confronted with a dispute, do not pay at- ibid. III (p. 25) 13, and see (for a var.) Frankena, BiOr 14 9, Borger and Lambert, Or. NS 27 146, also Reiner, JNES 19 149:22; asar sa-al-ti (in Lambert BWL 100:36, cf. lu-u broken context, contrasted to asar tubbdti) sal-ta-ka-ma napihta bulli should it be a dispute that concerns yourself, extinguish the KAR 306 r. 29, also ibid. r. 17f., cf. ina sala-a-ti mdtdti ibid. r. 31 and 19; ina mdti also sal-tu-um-ma sal-ta ina biti puphuhi la ipparrasu idd[ja] fighting within (my) country (and) bickering tention (to it) blazing (flame)! ibid. 37, suttatum setitum a dispute is a covered pit ibid. 38; asar sal-tim-ma e tuttagges do not within (my) family do not stop Streck Asb. loiter where there is a dispute ibid. 32, cf. (in broken context) ibid. 95:15-17; ina bZti sal-ti 252 r. 6, cf. [se]-el-ta ippirapuhpuha inamdtisu lukinnu AKA 253 v 102 (Asn.); attalbisa ina suqi pupu hi iskununima they have caused me quarrels at home, bickering in the I sirijam fulijam simat si-il-ti(var. -te) (and) of mail coat equipped myself with a streets AfO 18 294:69, also KAR 228:19 (inc.), helmet, proper attire for fighting OIP 2 182:68 also KAR 42:14 and dupl. AMT 96,3:10, cf. sa-al- (Senn.); tisbutu si.si-tum sal-tu4 (or nMtu) ta ppupuhd nissa[ta ... iskuna] KAR 80 r. 7, ummani u ummdn nakri ana epes tahazi isrestored from STT 76:26. sabbatu close quarters, defeat, fighting (or: g) in omen texts: amelu su DU 1 4 imahharsu siege), my army and the army of the enemy ibissd immar a quarrel will happen to that will come to grips CT 31 49:24, and dupl. ibid. man, he will experience losses CT 39 2:96, cf. 18 K.7588:16 (SB ext.); DU1 4 irteneddizu quarreling will follow him constantly CT 38 35:45, also DU,1 isabbassu harrdn sarri ana sal-t4 DU, 4 assat ameli ina bzti [ussi] at-ta-lak(!) in the king's service I marched off to battle YOS 3 163:9 (NB let.); uktatassar ana sal-ti-ja he equipped himself for the quarrels, the man's wife [will leave] the house battle against me Streck Asb. 48 v 76; Sippar KAR 377 r. 21; DUv 4 DAM u DAM quarrel (between) husband and wife KAR 376r. 32 (all Alu); bala sal-tu4 sabit Sippar was taken without a battle BHT pi. 13 iii 14, cf. also ummdn CT 39 2:92; 87 oi.uchicago.edu saltu saltu Kuras bala sal-tu4 ana Babili TU ibid. 15 (chron.); nukurtu saknat sal-tu4 sadrat there was a state of war, continuous hostilities eral) administrative officials to (settle) the lit- BHT pl. 4:16, also ibid. r. 6; [sar] Akkadi u ummdnsu sa ana resit GN illiku sal-ti ul they should go with you and be present during the litigations ibid. 23; assum se-eltim sa marati PN on behalf of the lawsuit of iksudu the king of Akkad (i.e., Nabopolassar) and his army, who came to help the Medes, did not come in time for the battle Wiseman Chron. p. 56:28, cf. Sar Elamti illiku sal-tu4 ul iksud ana arkisu ihhisa the king of Elam, who had come, did not come in time for the battle, (so) he turned back CT 34 48 i 37; igations in your province LIH 15:6 (OB royal let.), cf. ittika lillikuma ina sa-la-tim lizzizu PN's daughters PBS 7 125:18, cf. se-el-[tum1 kabi[ttum] is[sakin] an important lawsuit was instituted ibid. 11, arkat se-el-tim su'ati [apru]sma I investigated this lawsuit ibid. 14, and assum arkat se-el-[tim Ju'at]i parasim ibid. 21 (OB let.). [la] hassaku si-lit-su Streck Asb. 104:25. b) in idioms - 1' with aldku: salam Assur sa ana libbi Ti'amat sal-ti illaku the representation of Asur going to fight Tiamat OIP 2 141 r. 10, also ibid. 140:6 and 12, 141 r. 7 (Senn.); the citizens of Uruk were loyal to (lit. served) the king, my lord sal-ti ana libbi bele dabdbu sa sarri belija ittalka they fought the enemies of the king, my lord ABL 1437 r. 2, nilliku ibid. 6; cf. sal-ti ana libbi ahames sal-ti ana libbi'u illa[k] ABL 521 r. 20, and cf. ABL 1105:24, 1341:16, 1456:8 (all NB letters). 2' with epesu: see epesu mng. 2c (saltu); note sal-ti dannatu ana libbi ali ipusu Wiseman Chron. 58:43, also arki si-el-tc nitepusu then we fought a battle VAB 3 27 § 19:37 (Dar.), also ibid. 25 § 18:36, 31 § 25:46, beside salti nitepusu ibid. 27 § 19:38, and passim; itti gimir zeri teteppusa si-[i]l-te you (Nisaba) fight with every (other) cereal Lambert BWL 170:28 (SB fable). c) personified: ibanni Sa-al-ta-am a-sJute-si-i itti Istar he (Ea) creates Battle to c) in NA: egirtusa DI-mu sa sal-tu PN ana PN2 iddububuni the document concerning the settlement of the lawsuit (which) PN commenced against PN 2 Tell Halaf 106:5. d) in lit.: ina [s]iqi kuzazu ana si-i[l]-te kS illiku as the wood wasp went along the street to a lawsuit Lambert BWL 220:19; UD.6.KAM sal-ta la ippus egita ippus on the sixth day he must not have a lawsuit (for if he does) he commits a sin KAR 177 r. i 28, cf. sal-tum e-gu-tu VAT 7815:9 and r. 8 (Uruk hemer.), see also sdlu usage b; UD 10 sa-al- tur tenth day (of Du'uzu) lawsuit Labat, Sumer 8 21 iv 10 (MB hemer.), cf. ana IGI-ka sal-tum VAT 7847 r. 28th day (Uruk hemer.); DU14 la igerri he must not institute a lawsuit KAR 178 r. ii 49, also ibid. i 39 (SB hemer.); note (in rit.) DU14 ana amrli la itehhi KAR 178 v 52. saltu in bel salti (silti, sassi) s.; opponent, enemy, adversary in a lawsuit; Bogh., SB, NA, NB; wr. syll. and EN DU 14 ; cf. sdlu. compete with Istar VAS 10 214 v 32, cf. Saal-ta-am ibtani Ea ibid. 27, also ibband dSaal-tum RA 15 179 Bvii 12, dSa-al-tum ibid. viii 4, dSa-al-tasa assumisaibnisi Ea ibid. viii 15, etc. a) in Bogh.: ma la EN si-il-ti [...] KUB 3 60 r. 5. b) in lit.: itti EN sal-ti-ka e [t]ultammin do not return evil to your adversary (paral- 3. lawsuit, litigation - a) in OA: balum dznim balum sa-al-tim isaqqal he will pay without lawsuit or litigation TCL 21 263:25, cf. bib dinim u sa-al-tim [l]a takassada KTS lel: ana epi lemuttika) Lambert BWL 100:41; an[a] [ENI DU 14 -S KI. SU i-[...] imprison- 4b :24. wine for me ment for his adversary [...] CT 39 2:109 (Alu); EN si-il-ti-ialihba karana let my enemy draw b) in OB: anumma PN 1 guzaldm u SA. KAR 62:9 (rel.); ina puhur haddniteja la tumassarannidNabu ina puhur TAM.MES [a-n]a sa-la-tim sa Iztika uwa'erams EN sa-as-si-ia la tumassaranapdtija do not ma attardam now I am sending, under (spe- abandon me, Nabi, among my ill-wishers, do cial) order, PN, one court official and (sev- not abandon my person among my enemies 88 oi.uchicago.edu **sali samadu Streck Asb. 348 r. 5 (NA oracles); ittiSu why are you on good terms with a man with whom the king is quarreling? EA kSmua etaps palu bel sal-ti-ia (var. EN u-ti-ia) inaru garija they (the gods) have always answered my opponents in my stead, defeated my enemies ibid. 4 i 38. c) in letters: zizuma sa ... 162:25 (let. from Egypt); summa PN-ma ittija la is-se-e-lu-ma u summa cknanna la iqbima amtum sa PN2 attimi (she took the oath as follows, "May I perish) if PN did not quarrel with me and if she did not say, 'You are itti EN sal-ti-ka iz (the king of Elam) who sided with your enemy a slave girl of PN 2 "' ABL 1380:11 (NB); EN sal-ti-ia my opponent to shame ABL 295:6 (NB let. of Asb.), of. (in broken context) ana EN si-el-[ti] AAA 20 pl. 100 No. 106 r. 20 (let. of Asb. to the king of Telmun); LU.ENGAR la bel nise EN sa-si- a quarrel every day CT 39 44:1 (SB Alu), also ibid. 43 K.3134:6; sal-tam la i(sic)-sa-al he must not have a lawsuit K.11151, cited Landsberger Kult. Kalender 147 (SB hemer.), see Kraus, AfO 11 228, and VAT 7815:2, ana dinim la ussi sal-tum <la> is-sa-al VAT 7847 r., month V 27th day, also, wr. la is-si-il KAR 178 r. ii 28. s -nu u bel hiabullisunu the tenant farmer, who does not own the(se) people, seeks a quarrel with them and puts them in his debt ABL 1287:7 (NA). **sali in sala ittu see sala'ittu. AASOR 16 75:3, cf. annimi itti PN es-si-el-mi yes, I did quarrel with PN ibid. 14 (Nuzi); summa um il dlisu [is-s]e-el if (a man) has a quarrel on the day of (the festival of) the god of his town TCL 6 9 r. 2 (SB omens); umisam is-se-el he will have ul ubdia (I love my friends and) I do not put (Bezold Glossar 236b) c) III/2 to cause quarrels: see lex. section. silu (selu) v.; to fight, to object, to quarrel; OA, OB, EA, RS, Nuzi, SB, NB; I isdlisdl-sl, 1/2, 111/2; cf. mussalu, musseltu, musselu, saltu, saltu in bel salti, selitu, suldtu. Kraus, AfO 11 228f. salul s.; (month name); OAkk.* ITI Sa-lul HSS 10 63 r. 2, 144 r. 3 and 170 r. 2. [usar(wr. LAL+SAR).us]ar.da du 1 4 .mu.mu. d : sittam itti sittim tu-us- <te> -e-si-e-li you incite one neighbor woman to quarrel with the other RA 24 36 ii 4 and r. ii 4, see van Dijk La Sagesse 92. See the month names Saliltu and Sililitu. saluilu see sulilu A. a) sdlu to fight, to object: anaku a-saal-ma umma sutma I objected (to what he said) and he (replied) as follows CCT 3 20:29 (OA let.); summa diram nakrum sa-i-il-su if the enemy is conducting hostilities against the fortress (uncertain) RA 35 p. 45 (pl. 8) salittu see selitu. samadani s. pl.(?); team; SB*; cf. samadu. biltu u mandattu gumahhi suklulti sa-mada-ni pare pesti ultu Elamti ilqamma he took from Elam tribute (consisting) of unNo. 15a:3 (Mari liver model); seriia sa-ba-'-ut castrated bulls (and) teams of white mules se-lu-u sdrassa her flesh is to go to war, her Borger Esarh. 53 iii 76. hair is to fight VAS 10 214 v 44 (OB Agusaja); samadu v.; 1. to make ready, to yoke, harness, to drive, to put on a bandage, to tie, attach, 2. summudu to connect, to put on a bandage, 3. Sutasmudu to have harnessed; OB, MB, Bogh., NB; I ismid-isammid, 1/2, 1/3, II, 11/2, III/2; wr. syll. and LA, LAL; cf. nasmadu, nasmattu, samadani, samdu, samit: tu, sendu, simdatu, simdu A and B, simittu, simittu in Sa muhhi sinddta, sindetu, sindd, summudu. gi-ir SiR= sa-[ma]-du Recip. Ea A ii 43', also adini ina Hatti la se-lu ittija up to now they have not been unfriendly to me in the land of the Hittites MRS 9 225 RS 17.422:39 (let.); ultu ressu se-la-nu itti mat Asurki since we are at war with Assyria ABL 1204:7 (NB). b) 1/2 to quarrel with somebody, to get into a lawsuit: we two are brothers (and therefore) as-si-el UGU mar Siprika I took issue with your messenger (who reported to you that I do not give any presents to those who come to Egypt) EA 1:66 (let. from Egypt); A VIII/2:35; A VIII/2: 11; ammni salmdta itti ameli §a LUGAL is-si-il 89 [si-ir] inR = 4d KA.SIR a-ma-du TiR = sa-ma-d[u] (in group with oi.uchicago.edu samadu samadu kasaru, rakdsu, kasu) Erimhus b r. iii 5' (K.4256 in Meissner Supp. pl. 11); la-al LAL = [sa]1-ma-a-du Sa Voc. Q 20'; [gd].la.a = sa-[m]a-du Izi F 144; [6-ru] [HAR] = sa-ma-du A V/2:170; [x].sa.x, a.gilim, a.gilim.gilim = sa-ma-du Nabnitu O 257ff.; si.ga= sa-ma-du id GIS.GIGIR Antagal III36. kdta lusabilam I will prepare five shekels of silver and send them to you, my lord CT 2 48:12, cf. ibid. 20 and 41, ana kaspim sa-ma-diim nidi ahim la tarassi CT 29 40:11, and passim in this text, also LIH 86:14 and 26, and (said of garments) ibid. 44:9; sittdt URUDU-ka ana UD.5.KAM a-sa-mi-id-ma usabbalakkum gu 4 sudun ma.al.la.bi : lua ina niri sa-an-du the bull harnessed to the yoke ASKT p. 124:12f.; anse.dussa(u).a.na me.en anse. giga.se ab.la.e : agaldku[ma] ana pare sa-an- I will make ready and send you the rest of your copper in five days PBS 7 95:23, cf. d[a-ku] I am a riding donkey and yet harnessed to a mule Lambert BWL 242 iii 26; lul.as hul.a Am.l1.a.ni : ma'dis alputti sa-am-da-ku I am kaspam ... a-sa-am-mi-id resam ukdlma TCL 18 152:22, x SE.GUR sqii GN lu- sa-miid-ma re ekallim likil TCL 17 33:16; 5 sv.SI DUH.UD.DU.A si-mi-id-ma resam kil make firmly bound to an evil fate ASKT p. 116:17f.; hul.a mah.bi lI.a. ni: ma'dis salputti sa-an-daku 4R 19 No. 3:9f. ready 300 (gur) of dry bran and have it at my 1. to make ready, to yoke, harness, to drive, to put on a bandage, to tie, attach a) to make ready (OB only) - 1' persons: um tuppaka [nim]uru PN as-mi-da-am-ma musgtam alakam itepsam when we saw your tablet, I made PN ready and he left last night YOS 2 78:8; disposal A 3598:16, cf. kima DUII.A.UD.DU ana SA.GAL GUD.HI.A sa-ma-da-am la ele'i aqbikum JCS 14 56:5; assum hiSihti kussim sa-ma-di-im sa taspuram as to the preparation of the materials needed for (making) a chair, about which you wrote me VAS 16 si-im-da-as-su-u-makaspam u 1 167:8; ANSE.HI.A ... TUG subi[lam] make him ready and send with si-mi-id-ma ana GN turudma prepare and send donkeys to GN him the silver and one garment TCL 17 55:30; TCL 1 11:10, also ibid. 22; puhadi nemettaka PN u ahhi u qadum isimmanim si-im-fdal-[ma] turdam[a] make ready and send PN and his brothers here with their travel provisions LIH 84:16, cf. ibid. 27:7; ckima se'am stu ustesu -sami-dam-ma atarradakkum as soon as he has issued the barley, I will make (him) ready and si-[im-da]m-maana Bdbili subilam make the lambs that you owe as a tax ready and send (them) to Babylon LIH 82:17, cf. 20 AMAR. GUD si-im- <da>-nim-<<im>>-ma s bilanim YOS 2 54:9. b) to yoke, harness - 1' referring to animals and people: altogether x months (and) days malak GUD.HI.A sa i-ti PN ni-is-mi-du of the use of oxen which we yoked with PN send (him) to you TCL 18 87:18; ana PAPA. MES Sunuti assum sabiSunu sa-ma-di-im-ma ana durim slim at-ta-ar-gu-nu-gi-im-ma (for astapparsunusimma?) ERIN.ME-Su-nu ul is- UCP 10 94:14 (OB Ishchali); u napharkalisunu mi-du I sent a message to these officers to make their men ready and garrison them in the fortress, but they did not make them dadmi ta-as-sa-mi-su-nu-ti annirisu you (Istar) have hitched to his (the king's) yoke all the inhabited regions RA 22 171 r. 52 (OB lit.); is-mid-sim-ma (vars. is-mi-is-si-[. .. ], is-mid-sum-ma) erbet (Marduk) harnessed to it (the chariot) a team of four En. el. IV 51; ready VAS 16 190:17 and 19; pihat itinni sama-di-im ... inasSl they (two persons) will be responsible for getting the builders ready UET 5 26:32. ananta ki is-mi-da ana dEa iptasar he revealed to Ea how she (Tiamat) harnessed 2' boats: elippatim Sa ibassia li-is-mi-dunim-ma lirkabun[imma] aldkam lipusunim her battle-forces En. el. II 4, cf. lu sa-an-da-at let them prepare and board whatever ships there are and come here TCL 17 64:12, cf. ERIN.MES U elippdtim li-is-mi-id VAS 7 203:33, also MA.NI.DUB ... i-sa-mi-du VAS 16 122:8, cf. also ibid. 169:16. ummatki let the core of your army be ready in harness ibid. 85; sise a ina libbi sa-an-du et[emmu] Sa anzi the horses harnessed to it (the royal chariot) are the ghosts(?) of (the mythological bird) Anz1i KAR 307:25, see 3' silver, staples, and animals: 5 GiN TuL p. 33; ta(var. adds -as)-sa-an-daPIRIG. K IJ.BABBAR lu-us-mi-da-am-ma ana blija MES-/ca (var. pa-ri-ka) Sa sitmura alakam 90 oi.uchicago.edu samadu samadu you (Samas) have just put into harness your mules, which are straining to go KAR TUR.MES x-x-ti 246:12, and dupls., see Laessee Bit Rimki p. 57:63; the enemy kings of the islands sa kima narkabti elippa rakbu kim sise sa-an-du parrisani who ride boats instead of chariots, who harness rowers instead of horses Borger I likewise drive (myself) note: (I EA 16 9f. (let. of Assur-uballit). Esarh. 57 iv 84; ina GI sa sadddi rukib sarrctijaLA(var. as-mid)-su-nu-ti I harnessed d) to put on a bandage: nasmatta ki irisu is-sa-an-du-si they put a bandage on her as them (each defeated Elamite king) to the triumphal chariot, my royal conveyance Streck Asb. 272:10 and 274:10; BA 5 650 No. 15:21; am sending you) narkabta banita sa sarritisa s[a-ma-d]i-iau 2 sise pesiti Sa sa-ma-di-ia-ma a fine royal chariot (from among those) that I drive (myself) and two white horses, that she requested BE 17 47:17, cf. TUG Sa musita [mar Nippuri] sa-mi-id ana ilkim the citizen of Nippur is compelled (lit. harnessed) to corvee-work STC 2 pl. 73 i 5, also (with [mar Bab]ili) ibid. 7 (SB lit.); 7 labba simat ilitisu is-mi-id- su he harnessed for her (Istar) the seven lions i-sa-am-mi-du-si the cloth that they put on her as a bandage at night ibid. 12, also nasmatta li-is-mi-is-su PBS 1/2 82:11 (both MB letters); LUu sutu tt-sa-na-me-ed you repeatedly bandage this man AfO 16 48:17 (Bogh. med.), and passim in this text; dBau ummu rabitu sa-me-da-at ameli due to her rank as goddess VAB 4 276 iii 33 (Nbn.). the great mother Bau, who bandages men K.10369, see Bezold Cat. 1082; ina maski teterri pan diki LA-ma 2' referring to chariots and plows: sisirma [iballut] you smear (the medication) on a dikannima narkabta si-in-dam-ma get up piece of leather, bandage the surface of the quickly and hitch up a chariot for me Lambert .... , and he will get well KAR 182:38, cf. pan BWL 144:18, also ibid. 2; kabta LA-ma summa rub nar mursi LA-ma UD.3.KAM la tapattar you band- if the prince hitches up a age the surface of the sore spot and do not take off (the bandage) for three days LKU 61:5, chariot CT 40 36:30 (SB Alu), cf. sa-ma-ad eriqqe (for corvee work) MDP 10 pl. 11 i 24 (MB kudurru); kima dAdad d Sama i-se-me-di ma-si-ri according to (the oracle of) Adad and Samar he hitches up the war-chariots 3 riksi anniti 15.TA.AM ume LA [...] summa ina libbi riksi mahre la is-ta-x [.. ] riksa landcma LA-SU you similar AMT 15,3:20, and passim; [itt]asunu i-sa-an-du put these three bandages on for 15 days, if he is not cured(?) by the first bandage, you bandage him with the second bandage AMT [e-r]iq-qi STT 43:31; MUL. APIN ina seri epin zeri is-mi-du 0 Plow Star, 16,5:3f.; you bray various herbs with beer teterri LA annd NIG.LA siggati you spread it LKA 62:22 (MA lit.), see Or. NS 18 35, cf. i- se-me-di STT 43:16; (for issandu) ... they have hitched up the seeder-plow in the field (incipit of a prayer) RAcc. 63:44, cf. GIS.APIN.MES si-in-du-' (on a piece of leather) and put it on, this is a BIN 1 35:9 (NB let.). c) to drive (animals or chariots) (in the stative): lu-sa-as(var. -se-es)-mid-ka narkabti uqn u hurdsi ... lu sa-am(var. -an)-da-ta ime kudani rabuiti I will have a chariot of lapis lazuli and gold harnessed for you, you will drive umu-demons, the strong mules poultice for .... AMT 32,5:11, cf. eniima LAL.MES anndti LA-uS (= tassandug) when you have put these poultices on him AMT 95,3 ii 10+ 50,6:9, cf. KAR 192 ii 22, also ina LAL.MES anndtu LAL-su-ma iballut KAR 191 r. iv 18 and dupl. 202 i 53, and passim with nasmattu; pan mursi tugallab adi iballut la LAL you shave the sore spot and do not bandage it until it heals CT 23 36:63; 15 ume LA.LA-su-ma AMT 50,3 r.(!) 4, cf. ta-as-sa-na-mid-su BE 31 pi. 48 No. 56 r. 46, cf. also LAL.MES-S AMT 72,2:9. Gilg. VI i 12; the Urukean Istar sa sa-an-da-ti 7 labbu who drives seven lions VAB 4 274 iii 14 (Nbn.), cf. salamIstarsa UR.MAH si-in-di-tu4 MVAG 12/3 16 VAT 7:7 (NB let.), cf. also sa- e) to tie, attach - 1' in gen.: Sa 5 simitti magarriakkanda Sa sa-ma-di-[S]u-(kiskandbark) for five pairs of wheels, to bind the mi-id pare qarditu (said of Bunene) VAB 4 260 ii 34 (Nbn.), but note sa-me-da-at PIRIG. 91 oi.uchicago.edu samadu samaru spokes PBS 2/2 81:16 (MB), see Balkan Kassit. Stud. 128, cf. 6 TUG ma-as-si-is sa sa-ma-di-i (beside pagmati saddles) PBS 1/2 30:15 (MB let.); NA 4 .MES MURU.MES sa la mustesirti ittiSunu ta-sa-m[id(?)] you tie together with them (i.e., other beads) stones worn around the waist by a woman who does not give birth easily KAR 223:5; ummdnisu ... kak: kesunu sa-an-du-ma isaddihaiddsu his army marched at his side, with their weapons tied up 5R 35:16 (Cyr.). 2' as a technical term in ext.: summa AS kima sep erbim sa-am-da-at if the AS is "tied" like a locust's foot YOS 10 44:53 (OB), cf. summa sumel marti sa-mid (next line: sa-mid, see samadu) CT 20 44 i 46, also, wr. sa- mi-id VAB 4 268 ii 28 (Nbn.), and passim in PRT. 2. summudu to connect, to put on a bandage - a) to connect: me si-um-mi-idma miris PN m eluput u ina isrikama ID GN si-um-mi-id-ma sukussdm ... me lisqi connect the waters (of the canals) and irrigate PN's plantation, and likewise, in your own district, connect the canal GN so that it may irrigate the field assigned for subsistence CT samarig samaru v.; 1. to strive for (something), to pursue, to plot, 2. summuru same mngs.; from OA, OB on; I (inf. only), II; cf. sum: miratu, sumratu, tasmirtu, tismuru. sa.se.se.ga = su-um-mu-ru Igituh short version 82, also Lu Excerpt II 79; sag.ddb = su-ummu-ru, sag.ddb.ddb = i-te-ek-lim-mu-u 5R 16 ii 44f. (group voc.); sa.sa = su-mu-ru Izi C iv 2; [s].se.se.ki = su-mi-ra-tum, [x].[Isl dBE = suum-mu-ru (followed by sirimtu and nizma[tu]) Antagal B 98f., cf. sd lib-bi dBE : 8u-um-mu-ru RA 17 128:28 (astrol. comm.). u 4 .bi.a ku 6 .e musen.ra ni.im.se.se.gi (with gloss z-sa-mar) CT 42 47a ii 8 (disputation between a fish and a bird); en dNin.urta.ra sa.she.[s]e.ga.[ni mu.un].na.[br.burl : ana beli dMIN sa-ma-r[i] d-pa-[ds-sar]-sd (the weapon Sarur) explains to its lord DN its endeavor Lugale III 28 (from AJSL 35 140 Th. 1905-4-9,10+ for which see Kinnier Wilson, ZA 54 80f.), cf. the se.ki.ak unilingual version: en.dNin.urta.ra mu.un.na.b6r.bur.e. 1. to strive for (something), to pursue, to plot: whom I married ti-sa-ma-ra-ki-im this .... RA 51 7:32 (OA let.); plots against you [d Samas] ana nurika su-um-mu-rat (var. su- b) to put on a bandage: [n]asmatta etesihma i-sa-am-ma-du-s[u] I have assigned a bandage so that they can bandage him mu-rat) mithurtu the peoples, in unison, strive towards your light, 0 Samas Lambert PBS 1/2 72:7 (MB let.). 3. sutasmudu to have harnessed: mu-us-taas-mi-da-at 7 imhulli (the goddess DINGIR. MAH) who harnesses the seven evil winds BWL Tn.-Epic "ii" (Oppenheim, Or. NS 17 samaltu see *zamaltu. samanu see zdamnu. saimnfi see zdman. i-sa-am-mar 17. 2' referring to pursuit of the enemy, etc.: ana nakrika tu-sa-mar-ma takassad you have in mind an action against the enemy, and you for Gilg. VI i 10, see mng. Ic. see samatu. cf. STT 73:112; 128:52, irmisam ana hulluq mat dAsur Sutrusat ubansu every day he endeavors to ruin Assyria, his finger is pointed (at it with evil intent) RA 46 92:75 and 77 (OB Zf), replaced in the late version by us-te- <es>-bi-ta STT 22:31, but us-ta-as-mid(or -bit) RA 48 147 i 30 and 31; samadu see Lugale, in lex. section. 2. summuru same mngs. - a) with ana or dative - 1' in gen.: x a-ni-tum sa dhuzu 29 18b:7 and 12 (OB let.). Ad mngs. le and 3: 35 n. 6). see zamaris. will defeat (him) KAR 428 r. 22, also (with ul takassad) ibid. 21, nakru sa i-sa-am-ma-raku tusamqa[ss]u CT 20 35 ii 11, also KAR 423 ii 73, cf. also nakru sa istenis si-um-mu-rak [a ... ] the enemy who is planning action against you in one attack(?) [...] CT 20 7 K.5151:3 (all SB ext.); nakru sa ana mdti i-sa- samar see zamar. am-ma-ra mdta ileqqi the enemy who is plotting against (this) country will take samaranum see zamaranum. (this) country 92 CT 20 33:109 (SB ext.); sarru oi.uchicago.edu samaru samatu ana sarri u-sa-am-mar one king will plot against the other si-da-ni may he (Ninurta) let me attain the desire of my heart anywhere in battle where ACh Supp. 2 Samas 32:14; summa ana tappisui-sa-mar if he plots (evil) I strive (for it) AKA 211:26 (Asn.), cf. rubt asar u-sa-am-<ma>-ru-u NU [KUR] BRM 4 13:43 (SB ext.); asar tu-sa-ma-ra sakan liti against his partner ZA 43 100 iii 13 (SB Sittenkanon), cf. bel awatisu i-sa-mar-u his adversary will plot against him Kraus Texte 36 i 13; ana Babili sa ana kasddi u-sa-am- wherever you strive (to conquer), victory KAR 423 ii 4 (SB ext.), cf. nakru [...] 4-sama-ra KUR-[ad] CT 20 35 ii 18, nakru i-sama-ra-ma [... ] ibid. 34 i 16 (all SB ext.), nakru sa i-sa-am-ma-ra ul ika§[sad] KAR 454:7 (SB ext.); summa qaqqad Samsi mamman me-ru-su hitmutis allikma I swiftly advanced against Babylon, which I was endeavoring to conquer OIP 2 83:43 (Senn.). b) other occs. - 1' in gen.: awilum si-mu-Fra-at] [tu-s]a-ma-ru qdssu ikassad the man will attain what he strives for (see summirdtu) YOS 10 9:17 (OB ext.), cf. Sa t-sa- ima'ar [ikassassu] Samsima si-um-mu-ur libbisu liksud if anybody attacks the person of the Sun (the Hittite king) and someone catches him, the Sun may do with him what am-ma-ru ina MU.1.KAM MU.[2.KAM ikassad] ibid. 54:9 (OB physiogn.), cf. sa i-sa-am-ma-ru (ul) ikassad Labat TDP 14:78f., sa 4-sa-ammar ikassad Kraus Texte 36 i 15 and ii 2, also u-sa-mar-ma KUR du x [... ] ibid. 7:3; amelu si mala ikassad KAR 212 ii 8, also Rm. 2,125 in Bezold Cat. 4 1648 (both iqqur he wishes KBo 1 5 i 61, parallel ibid. ii 3, see Weidner, BoSt 8 94f.; ime arkute sanate dadrte labbur balati sa-mur kasadu ana sarri liddinu (may the gods) give the king long days, everlasting years, old age (and) the attainment of what he strives for ABL 493:9 (NA); Mu-sa-am-me-ri-li-pu-§~ LetThose-who-Plot-Do-what-They-Wish (per- u-sa-am-ma-ru Zpus) ; mala u-sa-am-ma-ru liksu[d] may he attain what he strives for ZA 23 373:71 (SB ritual for building a house); imakkal ema i-sa- sonal name) ADD App. 1 xii 11 (NA list of names), for a parallel, see dababu mng. 6a-4'. am-ma-ru izimtu lu-ku-su-ud(var. -du) (for luksud) for one day let me have (my) wish With the exception of the use of the (to go) wherever I want STT 38:77 and dupl. 39:77 (= AnSt 6 150, Poor Man of Nippur), cf. infinitive of stem I in ema i-sa(var. adds -am)-ma-ru summirdtija luksud luksud Maqlu VII 173, ema u-sa-am-ma-ru BMS 8 r. 18, and passim in prayers; I was elevated to rule over the country, and ema akasadma sdnini ul isi I have success wherever I strive and have no u-sa-am-ma-ru rival VAB 4 276 v 11 (Nbn.), cf. [ema (or mala)] i-sa-am-ma-ru lipusu qdtd'a CT 37 20 iii 57 (Nbk.); ina ndri Lugale III 28, all occurrences of this verb are in stem II. Summuru is very close in meaning to sur: rumu and is similarly used, see the refs. cited saramu mng. 2. Possibly summuru represents a metathetical variant of surrumu. Note, however, that sardmu frequently occurs in stem I. For the reflexive tismur in Nbk. and in NA tamitu-texts, see tismuru. See also the discussion sub saramu. sa dHuwawa sa tu-sa- ma-ru misi sepeka wash your feet in the river of Huwawa, to which you strive (to go) samru Gilg. Y. 266 (OB); I will take the goat to the samatu (or samadu) v.; to transfer (real estate); RS; only stative I (samit and samat) house of the mayor taba u damqa lu-sa-amme-ra ana karsisu I will try my best (to provide) what is pleasing and fine for his and II attested; wr. syll. and SAM.TIL.LA(.BI. SE). stomach STT 38:22 (= AnSt 6 150 with coll. AnSt 8 245, Poor Man of Nippur); mimmu Sa jilSiru a-x-ti su-mu-ru see zamdru B. a) syll. writing - 1' samit: PN took (ilteqi) the vineyard from PN2 for 57 pieces whatever he has of silver before witnesses GIS.GESTIN-nU sa-mi-it ana PN ... addriti the vineyard reported is .... plotted(?) EA 139:36. 2' referring to enemies: ema qabli u tdhazi is (now) transferred to PN (and his sons) asar 4-sa-ma-ru sumrat [lib]bija lu t- <(d >-ak- forever 93 MRS 6 35 RS 15.37:8; (house and oi.uchicago.edu samatu samatu fields) Sa PN [s]a-mi-it ana PN, [ad]i dariti and they were (thus) transferred, the king MRS 6 63 RS 16.174:12, note (also with ina) i-na x kaspi sur-pu i-na SAM.TIL.LA ibid. 169 RS reassigned them (officially) to PN ibid. 142 RS 16.134:10, cf. 126 RS 16.162:14, 155 RS 16.242:8, also 121 RS 15.136:10, 138 RS 16.131:9, 143 RS 16.137:8, 146 RS 16.139:10, 127 RS 16.154:10, 160 RS 16.261:17, 161 RS 16.281:12, 99 RS 16.284:9, 129 RS 16.343:16; rdbisu ilteqi E ... §a PN u ittadin E PN2 [kim]a bitisunu [E] ... sa PN sa-mi-it ana rabisi u E PN, sa-mi-it ana ... PN the 16.145:15. The legal situation referred to by this verb occurs whenever real estate (normally fields, gardens, vineyards, only once a house MRS 6 87 RS 15.119) changes hands, either through unilateral action (called leqg, cf. MRS 6 35 RS 15.37, 146RS 16.139, 160 RS 16.261, 161 RS 16.281, 99 RS 16 284, also pasdru MRS 6 35 RS 15.182, inspector took the house (of the marze'upeople) of PN (or GN) for himself and gave (them) the house of PN 2 instead of their house-the house (of the marze'u-people) of PN is (now) transferred to the inspector, and the house of PN2 is (now) transferred to (the 121 RS 15.136, 143 RS 16.137, 127 RS 16.154, 113 RS 16.353, also nadanu MRS 6 138 RS 16.131), through exchange (MRS 6 129 RS 16.343, 89 RS 15.123+, 130 RS 15.70), or through a royal marze'u-people of) PN ibid. 130 RS 15.70:8 and 10; in broken context: [...]-ti sa-mi-it ibid. 164 RS 16.363 r. 2. (usually the king's) act (nasc plus nadanu, see MRS 6 126 RS 16.162, 155 RS 16.242, 129 RS The 16.343, 109 RS 16.207, 63 RS 16.174). samat: PN ilteqi E heja istu PN2 ina 20 K T.BABBAR heja sa-ma-at ina samsi ~mi 2' ana PN ... ana dariti MRS 6 87 15.119 r. 9; PN ana sarrati (wr. SAL.LUGAL-ti) //sa-mat[a] MRS 6 52 RS 15.86:16; A.[SA.MES] s[a]ana PN ibid. 113 RS 16.353:7, m[a]-a[t] ... [i]na samsi tmi x GAN sa-ma-at ana sakinni E ibid. 36 RS 15.182:9. b) wr. SAM.TIL.LA: ilte'e PN ina dini ana M.TIL.LA PN won the pi Sibitisu undu A.SiA lawsuit due to the declaration of his witnesses that the field had been transferred (and King RN took the tablet from the defeated claimant and gave it to PN) MRS 6 72 RS 16.356:9; eqilsu Sa PN ana PN2 SAM.TIL.LA ana ddriti u A.SA.HI.A-u Sa PN 2 [a]na PN SAM.TIL.LA [ana ddriti] ibid. 89 RS 15.123+:7, 9 and 14, cf. E SAM.TIL.LA ina dsamsi umi ana PN ibid. 109 RS 16.207:9; note the exceptional ana x kaspi SAM.TIL.LA.BI.SE ibid. 61 RS 16.156:10; see also usage c. payment of a specific amount of money is not always mentioned. In all instances, the clause containing s. follows that which describes the transaction. The terms samit, etc., are followed by a clause which expressly forbids anyone to take the property acquired by, or assigned to, the buyer away from him and his heirs. 'The proposed translation "transferred" in the sense of "finally handed over" seems to fit the context. Only in the two passages sub usage c are samat and summut found as glosses to the Sumerogram SAM.TIL.LA.BI.SE. In MRS 6 90 RS 16.147 line 13 the unique phrasing seems to have the same mng. as all other passages. However, the same text uses SAM.TIL.LA.BI.SE in line 8 with the mng. "(he bought) at its full price" as in the OB texts. c) wr. with logograms plus glosses - 1' sa matu: annitu ana pani sarri SAM.TIL.LA.BI. SE / sa-ma-du ana PN ... MRS 6 63 RS 16.174:12 shows the phrase likewise in an ab- ana dariti MRS 6 90 RS 16.147:13. summutu: ite'nsu PN ina x kaspi ilte // sz-um-mu-ta ui Sanam ittaslsu sarru u iddiniu ana PN at the time that PN took them (the fields) by means of (a payment of) 135 pieces of silver 2' q~Su i-na SAM.TIL.LA.BI.SE 94 normal context, i.e., before instead of after the nal plus naddnu phrase by which the king expresses his exclusive right to assign real estate. The use of summut (instead of samit or samat) is unexplainable. One has to assume that SAM.TIL.LA(.BI.SE) is used in two mngs. in RS-mainly as a logogram for samit, etc., and exceptionally in its literal mng., i.e., referring to sales. In oi.uchicago.edu MRS 6 90 RS 16.147 both appear in the same emsa text and are therefore differentiated by a gloss. The expression itself is not Akkadian, as is shown by the use of "Glossenkeile" in lukil siqi sa-mi-WA mdmi give to eat to the hungry, give water to drink to the thirsty Nougayrol, RB 59 246 (= pl. 8) 63 (OB MRS 6 52 RS 15.86:16, and may therefore be lit.); Sakru u sa-mu-u limhasu litka let the drunk and the sober (alike) slap your (the WSem. as suggested by J. J. Rabinowitz, kurgari's)face CT 15 47 r. 28 (Descent of Istar); Vetus Testamentum 8 95. ummdnka sa-mi-ti(vars. -tu4 , -tam) Adad me Samuti isaqqi i Adad will give rainwater to sama'u (or zama'u) v.; (mng. uncert.); syn. list.* to see sa-ma-u = a-ma-ru (from Sultantepe). your thirsting army to drink TCL 6 2 r. 14 and 21, vars. from dupl. CT 28 44 r. 10 and 18 (SB ext.); umman sa-mit-tum DIR-dr-ma sera and fill umalla my thirsting army will .... the plain CT 20 5 K.3546 r. 15, cf. ummn nakri sa-mit-ta DIR-dr ibid. 49:12 (SB ext.). Malku VIII 137 Probably a mistake of the scribe. samdu (sandu, fem. samuttu) adj.; harnessed; MA, SB*; cf. samadu. It remains uncertain whether Kagal I 375, A.nu.gAl = [la le]'i, [la] isanu powerless, l[a-a] not harsa-am-du = (Hitt.) U-UL tu-ri-ia-an-za nessed Izi Bogh. A 20ff. 1 narkabtala sa-mu-ut-ta ... ana sulmanika usebilakku I am sending you as a present one chariot without a team (and a lapis lazuli seal) EA 16:11 (let. of Assur-uballit); Summa KI.MIN umdm sa-an-du ippussu if ditto (= on in lex. section, belongs here. samu v.; 1. to be thirsty, 2. summi to allow to be thirsty, to become thirsty, 3. III to cause to thirst for something; from OB on; I isammu, 1/3, II, III; cf. nasm, samil adj., sumamtu, sumamu, summit, smu. KAXUD = tu-sa-ma Ebeling Wagenpferde p. 38 Ko. r. 14. the festival day of the city god) a (wild) animal in harness knocks him down TCL 6 1. to be thirsty: mearhis i-sa-am-mu a-[...] he quickly becomes thirsty KAR 9 r. 15 (SB omens). 143:48+219:22 and AAA 20 77, see von Soden, ZA 52 226:8 (NA cultic comm.); s'umma ... ZI. me sa-mu-4 ME S-S4 iktanarru zI-si kima samittu s.; attachment; SB*; cf. samadu. sa sa-mit-tu4 : SUIUS.AM GI.NA.MES : Summa itenerrub if his breath is short, his throat sumel martisa-mid sep kasatnakri attachment (on the liver, in the protasis, predicts) firm foundations (in the apodosis)-(this is illustrated by the omen) if the left side of the gall bladder is attached, (this is) a sign referring to the binding of the enemy CT 20 constantly .... -s like one who is thirsty for water Labat TDP 76:62, cf. (with i-ta-na-sd-d6 for i-te-ner-ru-ub) KAR 182 r. 19, cf. also [...] i-sa-nam-mu ikkau iktenirru Jastrow, Transactions of the College of Physicians in Philadelphia 1913 p. 399:45, with dupl. CT 23 38 iv 39. 39:12 and dupl. K.6622 (ext.). samiu see sam adj. summit to allow to be thirsty, to 2. become thirsty - a) to allow to be thirsty (MA only): KAxUD = tu-sa-ma you allow sammudu see summudu. (the horses) to be thirsty Ebeling Wagenpferde p. 38 Ko. r. 14. See samddu mng. le-2'. **samru (Bezold Glossar 238b) see zamru. **samui (Bezold Glossar 238a) see bursimtu and zamU s. sami (samiu, fem. samitu) adj.; thirsting, thirsty, sober; OB, SB; cf. samil. gui.bar = sa-mi-fil b) to become thirsty (inf. only): burr akdlu su-um-mu-i4 sati eli ameli illak to become hungry and (then only) to eat, to become thirsty and (then only) to drink is best befitting to man Lambert BWL 144:16. 3. III to cause to thirst for something: saplil ina ersetim etemmalu me li-Sa-as-mi may (§amaA) cause his spirit to thirst for Kagal I 375. 95 oi.uchicago.edu samui saparu B water down below in the nether world CH xliii 40. Ad mng. 2b: The unique use of summi sub usage b in the mng. "to become thirsty" parallels the equally unique nuance of burr, "to become hungry," instead of "to make hungry, to starve." **sananu sandu (Bezold Glossar 238b) see zanu. see samdu. sansaru see zarzaru. sa'nu s.; sheep and goats; WSem. word; cf. senu s. syn. list*; [sa]-'-nu = si-e-nu Malku V 35. samu see zamu. samuseru sanu s.; (a grass); plant list.* sa-mu-se-ru a : A§ is-bab-tum Kocher Pflanzenkunde 19:19 (Uruanna). Although copied three times (2R 42 No. 1, CT 14 42 K.274, and Kocher Pflanzenkunde No. 19) as .sa, the first sign must be a scribal error for sd, and the word must be emended to Jammu seri; see seru A mng. 3d, and isbabtu. sanahu v.; to void (excrement), to have diarrhea; SB; I isnuh-isannah; cf. sinhu, sinnah tiri. xKU.bar.ra = sa-na-a-hu (in group with alatu to swallow, sardtu to break wind, tezi to defecate) Erimhus III 67; [nis]-hu // su-alu = sa-na-a-hu, [s ].bar.ra = MIN K.4177+4402+ Sm. 63 r. iii 19f., in Langdon Archives of Drehem p. 9 n. 1 (coll., group voc.). ni-is-hu // su-a-lu // ni-is-hu // sa-na-hu ACh Istar 30:48, cf. ni-is-hu = [su-a-lul, ni-is-hu = sana-hu CT 26 43 r. vii 12f. (astrol. comm.); nis-hu // su-a-lu // sa-na-hu // A.[suR // nis]-hu // // lib-bu // SUR // i-[x x] ACh Adad 7:7; SA.SUR.KU.RU.DA. KAM // nis-hu pa-ra-su to stop diarrhea, SA.SUR // nis-hu // A.SUR sa-na-hu //KU5 .RU.DA //pa-ra-su ZA 10 197 Si 276:14 (comm., coll. Geers); [...]su-alu nis-hu sa-na-hu K.8599:10' (dupl. of Kocher Pflanzenkunde 22 i 12 where the copy has sa-ma-ri). summa amelu samma istima la ipru la isnu-uh if the patient neither vomits nor has a bowel movement after taking the medicine Kuchler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 44; Summa serru mala ikulu ihahhu KI.MIN is-sa-na-ah (for isannah?) if the baby vomits whatever he has eaten, variant: has diarrhea Labat TDP 222:48; summa KI.MIN-ma s i-sa-n[a]-ha ana si-in-na-ah ti-ri Gau-Jum (= itirlum) if ditto (a man's lips are [...]), and he voids blood, (and) it (the disease) turns into (that called) sinnah tiri AMT 26,8:10, 23,10:8. Landsberger, ZA 41 223; Kraus, AfO 11 230. see senu s. sapanu v.; to hide; EA*; WSem. word. (the king) who gives life through his sweet breath u i-za-hur i-na sa-pa-ni-su and .... when he is in hiding EA 147:10 (let. from Egypt). Albright, JEA 23 198 n. 8. sapapu see sababu. saparu see sapru s. saparu A v.; to squint; OB, SB*; I isaps par, 1/2, I/3. a) as a habitual tic: summa awilum ina naplusisu nsu sa imittim is-sa-pa-ar if a man has a squint in his right eye (lit. squints his right eye) when he looks AfO 18 65 ii 24 (OB omens), also (with the left eye, both eyes) ibid. 26 and 28. b) as symptom of a disease: snsu sa sumeli i-sap-par Labat TDP 72:8, also (with the right eye) ibid. 74:29; [summa N]A IGI H su [is]-sa-na-par if a man keeps squinting his eyes STT 89:96 (diagn.), cf. summa IGI<TI>-s i-sa(!)-par ibid. 141, IGI 1 -8U i-<.sap>-par CT 23 23:1. c) as signal: [x] x ineja as-sa-nap-<pa>rak-kdm-ma I keep squinting at you STT 28 ii 9' (Nergal and Ereskigal), see Gurney, AnSt 10 112. Possibly referring to strabism, as the occurrence as a symptom in medical texts indicates. Separated here from sabaru A because of the writing with p, the present isap: par instead of isappur, and because the eyes are the object and not the subject of saparu; but most likely saparuA should be considered a variant of sabaru A; see discussion there. saparu B v.; (mng. uncert.); lex.* 96 oi.uchicago.edu saptu sapitu su-kud SUKUD = sd x A VIII/3:20; pa-ru VAT 4955 r. sa-pa-ru sa qar-ni and 34:8. ka-pa-sum, with comm. sa-pa-ri fa-as1 As = e-de-du // MIN // sa10 (comm. to A 11/2); e-de-du // Thompson Rep. 27:6, 36 r. 1 pi-te u nepise ala aksud ibid. 379 iii 111 (Asn.); sa-pi-tu ana duri uqtarrib saltu ana libbi [dli] ipusma he brought the tower close to the wall, he attacked the city (but did not take the city) Wiseman Chron. p. 58:36 (= Gadd Fall of Nineveh), and cf. sa-pi-ti [TA ball-ri ereb Samsi [...] ibid. 35; sa-pa-a-ti GAL.MES Since AS cannot mean "pointed," and since it is the more common ededu that is explained by sapdru, both ededu and saparu in this context must refer to another feature of the moon's horns, and perhaps be connected with seperu, "to trim," with the meaning "to adorn (oneself)." The only occurrence of qarnu sapru outside lex. texts (see sepru usage c) remains obscure. uwbal[kit] he brought large towers across ibid. 70:22 (both Nabopolassar). Oppenheim, Pritchard ANET 304 n. 8. sapiu see sapd adj. sapparru adj.; (mng. uncert.); SB*; cf. sabaru A. deni usuz imna u sap-par-ru-u ina bdb sapitu s. fem.; (an agricultural product, possibly a weed); NB. naphar uttatu sa ana e-se-di sd sa-pi-tu4 nadnata all (this) is the barley which was given out (as rations) for the cutting of the s. VAS 6 271:7; 55 biltu sa sa-pi-tu4 Jumela katrd upaqqad the s. stands at the gate where cases are tried, he hands out bribes right and left (but Samas knows his sin) Lambert BWL 218 iv 8. 55 Probably to be connected with sabburitu, loads of s. (owed by, or: charged to, a number of persons) q. v. Cyr. 236:6, also [x] biltu sa sa- sapretu s. pl.; (mng. uncert.); lex.* pi-tu4 ana muhhi PN (elat suluppi sa gugal: litu apart from the dates (to be paid as tax) [ninda.x]x.erim = MIN (= akal) sap-re-e-ti (followed by akal sumedati bread made with groats) Hh. XXIII v 28. to the gugallu-official in line 11) Cyr. 236:1; Sissinna ul etir sa-pi-tu4 G .GAL.LA u kddu etir the gardener's share was not paid, the s.- sapru (saparu) s.; (a plant); plant list*; pl.(?) sapratu, saparatu. (delivery), the gugallu (fee) and (the fee for) guarding (the orchard) were paid VAS 3 69:15, cf. sa-pi-tu4 U GV.GAL [...] ibid. 86:12; AB.DU 8 , i s a-ap-ru, (l sa-ap-ra-td : ka-manKocher Pflanzenkunde 7 r. iii 22ff. (= Uruanna kam-ka-du, 6 sa-paII 162ff.), cf. v sa-pa-pru : rat : U ka-ma-a-tu Kocher Pflanzenkunde 2 r. vi 28f.; it sap-ra-ti, u AB.DU, O ka-man-tu ibid. 11 i 68f. ft td LTJ. ERIN.MES ana sa-pi-tu4 ki us-ri-du (for useridu) iq-qab-bu-u umma when I sent the work team down for the s., they kept saying as follows CT 22 53:10 (let.). Cf. Syr. sabra, sabbard, "aloe," Brockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 620b. Possibly the word primarily denotes irrigated land (see sapd v.) and only by extension some reed or other plant growing there. sapru see sepru and zabru. saptu (or zabsu) s.; 1. (a garment), 2. (a precious substance); NB; probably foreign word. The passage YOS 3 125:21 has been read 14 pi-tu4 (see pittu); [...] KU sa-pi-tum in CT 22 79:8 remains obscure. (Oppenheim, Pritchard ANET 304 n. 8.) sapitu s. fem.; tower; SB, NB; pl. sspdti. dla assibi ina pilse ndpili sa(var. adds -a)bi-te(var. -ti) ala aktalad I laid siege to the city, I conquered the city with mine(s), battering-ram(s) (lit. wall-breaker) (and) tower(s) AKA 362 iii 53, cf. ala assibi ina pildi GIS sa97 ak-tu-um TUG.A.SU = sa-ap-sd Diri V 121: [tug.a. su] = sap-su = sal-hu lu-bar GADA outer linen garment Hg. D 422, also Hg. B V 17, Hg. C II 19. sa-ap-u = su-ba-tu Malku VI 25. 1. (a garment): see lex. section. 2. (a precious substance) - a) used in a foundation-laying ritual: h urdsa kaspa abne sadi u t&mti ina ussu lu umassi sa-ap-um oi.uchicago.edu sarihu A na-WA-ru-tim I.DUG.GA SIM.HI.A U IM.SIG 7 . SIG 7 saplani libndti lu astappak over the lowest course I spread (beads) of gold (and) silver, beads from the mountain and from the sea(shore), below the bricks I poured RA-SU i-sa-ap-pa-a-am PBS 7 26:14 (coll., let.); uncert. SE-am (for se'um ?) ... la is-sa-pi VAS 7 197:21 (let.). b) in SB: tabu lu sa-pu zumursu his fair body is fine (or: smooth, shining white) Gilg. XI 241, with var. is-sa-pi has become fine white (or: shining) s., perfumed oil, incense mixture and red paste VAB 4 62 ii 51 (Nabopolassar). (or: white, smooth) ibid., also tabu is-sa- pi(vars. -pu, -pa) zumursu ibid. 250. The same word seems to describe the quality of the rejuvenated body of Gilgames (white, smooth, fine) and of the groats produced. This identification is supported by the vowel -u both in isappu (OB) and in the stative sapu (SB). The ref. in Riftin will have to be collated or emended; the suggestion made sub hapi v. is to be discarded because b) mentioned in an enumeration of offerings: I came before them (the gods) at their beautiful festivals and august akUtu ceremonies with gold, silver, choice precious stones sa-ap-su namru hisib sadi u [td]mati white (or: shining) s., the produce of mountain (regions) and seas VAB 4 168 B vii 13 (Nbk.). In mng. 1 sapSu denotes a garment and occurs only in OB contexts (attested in PBS 7 26 has since been collated and found Hg. second col. sapi see sabd v. to have sa. and in Diri). The refs. sub mng. 2 do not support the proposed meanings precious jewelry, corals, or pearls. A precious saradu see saratu. perfume or salve is suggested by the verb sarahu A v.; 1. to heat, to scorch, 2. (in the inf. and stative) to be hot, feverish, excitable, angry, 3. surruhu to keep warm (MA only), 4. IV to become feverish, to become angry, to become hot; MA, SB; I isarrah, sapaku in the Nabopolassar ref.; in the Nbk. passage sapsu could refer to a mineral, but the use of the adjective namru in both instances makes it likely that the same substance is meant. The OB term denoting a type of garment was apparently applied to this substance in the early NB period owing to associations which escape us. The type of garment called tuig.a.su (or read: tug. ak t um) is quite frequent in Ur III texts; it II, IV, IV/2, IV/3; sirihtu A, surhu. cf. sarhu A, sirih libbi, NE = MIN (= sa-ra-hu) [sd] lib-bi Nabnitu X 19; is.e.si.ir (var. omits this line) = sa-rah lib-bi Igituh short version 174. bar mu.un.ze.eb.ba.kex(KID) : ka-bat-ti itta-as-[ra-ah] OECT 6 pl. 7:25f.; obscure: ur.sag e.ne.em.bi.ta us.e ba.an.da.ab.ri : qarrad ana amdti sd-a-at is-sa-ri-ih-js // ir-te-di SBH p. 38:3f. st.e.sir, appears also in the OAkk. text Gelb OAIC 7:4. (Weissbach, WVDOG 5 p. 43; von Soden, ZA 45 79f. and n. 2.) sapf (sapiu)adj.; fine(?); MA*; cf. sapu v. U.MES sa-pi-u-te tusarra you feed (the horses) fine(?) (or: selected) fodder Ebeling 1. to heat, to scorch - a) to heat (MA only): you wipe the pot (clean) me ta-sa-raah heat the water (and pour it into the hard- Wagenpferde F r. 8 and M 8. vat) Ebeling Parfimrez. 19:24, also ibid. 21:27, 23:30, (with me ab!ri) ibid. 39:11, and cf. (Ebeling Wagenpferde 23.) sapf v.; (mng. uncert.); OB, SB; I isaps pu--sapu, 1/2; cf. sapl adj. a) in OB: 1 (PI) NIG.HAR.RA.TA.AM isam- ana me essiti damquti sa buri tabila ta-sa-raah you heat it dry for fresh, good well water (restored from ta-sa-rah ibid. 33:6, etc.) ibid. 29:4, and passim in these texts; [sum]ma k me Sa ramaki sa-ar-ha-at when it is as hot mu[d] 10 uram i-sa(copy -ha)-ap-pu he (the slave hired to do millwork) will produce one PI of groats per (day), he will make ten as bathwater ibid. p. 34:17. b) to scorch: DIS lu bztu lu tarbasunadima sa-ri-ih bel biti suati it-ta-na-as-ra-ah if ei- fine Suramu's Riftin 38:7; Summa... NIG.HAR. 98 oi.uchicago.edu sarahu B sarahu A ther a house or a cattle yard is in ruins and (looks as if) scorched, the owner of the house will repeatedly suffer from attacks of fever bel bitisudti it-ta-na-as-ra-ah Pinches Texts in Bab. Wedge-writing 14:27, see mng. lb. b) to become angry: labbis annadirma is-sa-ri-ih kabatti I became as angry as a lion, my mood became furious Borger Esarh. Pinches Texts in Bab. Wedge-writing p. 14:27 (SB Alu, text repub. in CT 38 12 with this line, to be inserted after line 80, omitted); mu-sa-di(text 43:57, cf. kabattus is-sa-ri-ih (said of Marduk) -si) ina isdti tar-has (metathesis for tasarrah) ibid. p. 13 Ep. 5:8, cf. also libbi igugma is-sakIma sar-hu you scorch the combings in fire ri-ih kabatti ibid. 47:51, also Streck Asb. 158:10, (and) when they are scorched AMT 24,3:9. but note (in same context) is-sa-ru-uh ibid. 8 2. (in the inf. and stative) to be hot, fever- i 64, and also (due to a confusion with sarahu ish, excitable, angry - a) to be hot, feverish (said of sick persons): summa serru izi sa-riih if the child is burning with fever Labat TDP 228:90, cf. [...] qaqqadisu TZI sa-ri-ih KAR 211:4; elenu srsu kasi [KI.TA].MES-nu C, q. v.) Piepkorn Asb. 32:65, see also OECT 6 pl. 7:25f., in lex. section. c) to become hot: you kindle the fire riqq is-sa-ru-hu the aromatics will become hot (then you pour oil into the pot) Ebeling esmetusu sar-ha on the surface his flesh is Parfiimrez. p. 19:12, also ibid. 32, p. 21:16, etc. cool, (while) underneath his bones are burning Three of the four homonyms sarahu (A, B with fever KAR 199:12, cf. sa-ri-ih adannis and D) have the same stem vowels: isruh(for context, see surhu) ABL 19:7, lu sa-ri-ih isarrah; sarahu C probably has isruhibid. 8; sa-ra-hu sa qaqqassu idesu sepesu is.= *isarruh. Sarahu A and sarahu D are in a sarhuni the feverishness which started out special semantic relationship (see sarahu D in his head, hands (and) feet ABL 586:10, and discussion). see mng. 4a. Note that the passage z-sd-as-ri-ha ME b) to be excitable, angry: ina uggat [lib: Winckler Sar. pl. 34 No. 73:127 is to be considered bi]su u sa-ra-ah [kabat]tilu in his (Marduk's) a mistake for usarhissunuti, see Lie Sar. p. wrath and his angry heart Borger Esarh. 14 44:277. Ep. 5c:8; summa sa-ri-ih if he is hot-headed See surruhu for the meaning "to cry." Kraus ZA 43 98:21 (physiogn.); see also sarhu A. sarBhu B v.; 1. to sing, to sing a lamentation, 2. III to have a lamentation performed, to utter cries of mourning; OB, SB; I isruh -isarrah, 1/2, III; of. epi balaggi, sarhu B, sdrihu, sirhiS, sirhu A, sirhu A in Sa sirhi, 3. surruhu to keep warm (MA only): tapattar tu-sa-rah tusdp you unharness (the horses), you keep them warm (while) you rub them down Ebeling Wagenpferde A 5, also, wr. tu-sa-ra-ah ibid. Ab 6, and passim in this text, see the refs. cited suppu v. sirihtu B. 4. IV to become feverish, to become angry, to become hot - a) to become feverish: panusu issanuddusuma i-ta-na-as-ra-hu zus mursu tanihu irtanassi his face twitches constantly, he is constantly flushed with fever, his body has repeated periods of tiredness KAR 199:3; sarahu Sa qaqqassu idesu sepesu i-sar-hu-u-ni TA pan sinnesu Sinnsu ana use TA pani it-ta-as-rah the feverishness with which his (the infant's) head, hands (and) feet are hot (comes) from his teeth, his teeth are about to come out, for this reason he has 1. to sing, to sing a lamentation - a) to sing: LIJ.NAR Sa i-sar-ra-huul imat ina Sipti the singer who sings (this text, the Epic of had flushes of fever ABL 586 r. 1 and 5 (NA); for 7* i.lu = nu-bu-t, KA.BALAG = qu-bu-4, LIen-duKA = za-ma-ru, iRe-er-raRA = sa-ra-hu Erimhus VI 104ff.; sir, sir.sag, sur, sar, du 12 = sa-ra-hu Nabnitu X 14ff. (for sur and sar see, however, sarahu C); KAi-ne.e = a-da-rum, KA.su.us.ra = sa-ra-hu,KA.su.usi r a.ra = na-ha-a-rum Erimhus V 179ff. SAL.e sir ku.ge.es i.ag.ga (later version i.ag.en) : [...] i-sa-ar-ra-ah-su (var. i-sar-ra-ah) the woman was singing the sacred song Lugale IX 13; [dim.ma] ni sir mu.na.an.ra i.lu mu.na.ab.bi : [x x] x is-sar-ra-ah-iuqube iqab bzdu 4R 11 r. 29f. 99 oi.uchicago.edu sarahu C sarahu D Irra) will not die of the plague Gossmann Era flares (from the right to the left side of a V 53; see also Lugale, in lex. section. man) Labat TDP 12:63ff., coll. Reiner, JNES 19 29; (samdnu) ... [kima] kakkabi i-sa-ri-ih b) to sing a lamentation: see 4R 11, in lex. section; i-sa-ar-ra-ah(!) (in broken context, beside iu-a-[ad1-ma-am) PBS 1/1 2:43 (OB lit.); us-a ul iqbima ul is-ru-[uh sipitta] he did not say "Woe!" and did not perform [the customary mourning] (for Sennacherib) Borger Esarh. 110 § 71 obv. 3. 2. III to have a lamentation performed, to utter cries of mourning - a) to have a lamentation performed: ina GN ana pat gimriSu sipittu t-Sa-as-rih-ma gir<rd>nu ... ina GN 2 usaskin I caused all of Urartu to perform lamentations, I created (constant) wailing in Na'iri TCL 3 414 (Sar.). b) to utter cries of mourning: 'ua aqbima ... u-sd-as-ri-ha sipittu Borger Esarh. 43:57, with var. u-sd-as-[ri-halbi-ki-ta 3R15 i B 1, also Lie Sar. 370; si-pit-tu u-sd-as-ri-ih-ma ZA 43 18:71 (SB lit.), cf., in difficult context: 4-sa-asra-ha [...] PSBA 17 137:4' (SB lament.). Sarahu has the mng. "to sing" only in late periods, paralleling the use of sirhu, which means "song" only in late texts. sar~hu C v.; 1. to flare up, to display a sudden luminosity, to twinkle (said of stars), 2. III to cause to flare up; SB; I isruh (pres. isarrih),III; wr. syll. and SUR; cf. masrahtu, masrahu, sarhu C, *sarrihu,sirhu B. su-kuSUu = ma-s-hu, sur = sa-ra-ru, sar.ra = sa-ra-hu Erimhus V 245a-c; sur, sar = MIN (= sara-hu) Nabnitu X 16f.; sa-ra-a-rum = sa-ra-[hu] An VIII 173, cf. [al- d-ru (mistake for sa-ra-ru?) sa-ra-hu CT 18 9 K.4233+ ii 24. it (the samdnu-disease) twinkles like a star KAR 181 r. 8; summa hamitu sa kima kakkabi S[R ... ] if a firefly twinkling like a star [appears] Labat TDP 12:61; li-is-ru-uh kima kaklc kabi libli kima nalsi may he (the demon) flare up (for a moment) like a (shooting) star, be extinguished like a shower (of shooting stars) CT 23 10:18; [if the oil] kima MUL sun ikrib [....] eliSu ba[Si] flares up like a star, he owes an offering to DN KAR 151 r. 39 (oil omens). b) referring to other luminous phenomena: summa birsu ina massarti bardriti ina imitti ameli suR-uh if a birsu-lightflares up during the evening watch to the right of a man Labat TDP 14:72ff.; [summa ... ina] siqi is- ru-uh-ma si-is-su kima isdti [... ] [if a birsulight(?)] flares up in the street and its appearance is [ ... ] as fire Haupt Nimrodepos p. 76 No. 40:20 (SB Alu). 2. III to cause to flare up: [DIg] Adad 3-si issima birqa Sa kima sakkulli u-sd-as-riih-ma [...] if Adad thunders three times, makes lightning which (looks) like a ball(?) flare up and [...] ACh Adad 9:9. The pres. isarrihin KAR 181 r. 8 stands for isarruh. sarahu D v.; to dispatch quickly, to hurry; Bogh., SB*; I isruh-isarrah,1/2, II (KUB 37 96:7' only). a) in Bogh. (letters from Egypt): anumma andku as-sa-ra-ahLU.DUB.SAR Lu.A.ZU.j PN ittannu ana aldkisu herewith I quickly dispatch to you the learned physician PN, they 1. to flare up, to display a sudden luminosity, to twinkle (said of stars) - a) refer- let him go (to prepare the drugs) KUB 3 67:12, ring to stars: [summa M]UL ina sa-ra-hi-[su] cf. u atta si-ru-uh 2 LU.A.ZU.MES anniti ... if a (shooting) star, when it flares (across the u attaidin ana aldkiSunu ana GN and quickly sky) Bab. 4 123 K.12798:3', and cf. [summa] dispatch these two physicians and let them depart for GN KUB 3 67 r. 6, cf. also (in broken MUL ina UGU LU is-[ru-uh] if a (shooting) star flares over a man's head ibid. 4', [summa] context) anumma as-sa-ra-ah KBo 1 21 r. 9; u MUL SUR-ma [...] ibid. if., and cf. (for simi- si li-is-ru-uh gabbi elippdti ana naddni ana lar omens with the verb missing) Bab. 4 aldkiunu ana KUR Misri and let him be 126 K.3995; Summa bibbu ina MN is-ru-uh-ma quick to permit all the ships to depart for ZA 52 238:8 (= Craig AAT 40:12 and TCL 6 16:8), but is-ru-ur-ma in the dupl. Craig AAT 41:12; Summa UL ... SUR-uh if a (shooting) star 100 Egypt KUB 3 34 r. 18. b) in SB and Bogh. lit.: they place the brick god on a sailboat with travel provisions oi.uchicago.edu saramu saramu [ana] nari i-sar-ra-hu-si-makima is-sa-ar-hu writing to me in his impetuous way PBS 1/2 21:16 (MB let.). [... ] they dispatch it on the river, as soon as ZA 23 374:75, cf. (the it is dispatched [...] b) in hendiadys - 1' with kapadu: si-risubstitute figurine) [M]1RU ID u4-sar-ra-ah im-ma kipidma hanti supra apply yourself KUB 37 96:7'; 8 ber x [x x x] i-sar-ra-a[h] and think hard, and write me quickly PBS [after he has traveled] eight double miles, he keeps hurrying on(?) Gilg. IX v 35. It is noteworthy that sarahu A and D treated here as homonyms have the respective meanings of the homonyms hamatu A and B. 1/2 67:20 (MB let.); ana~ siub li ssu... urra u misa akpud as-rim-ma epessu aqbi day and night I planned earnestly to resettle that city and gave orders to rebuild it Lyon Sar. 8:49, also ibid. 15:48; lu nakru mal basd i-sar-rimu- ikappudi ... GN isabbati or will any saramu v.; 1. to endeavor, to strive (for something), to apply oneself (to something), to exert one's influence (upon somebody or on behalf of somebody, with ana), to be concerned, 2. surrumu same mngs.; from OB on; I isrim-isarrim,II; wr. sa-ri-im ARM (other) enemy plan and strive (to) and conquer the city of GN? Knudtzon Gebete 1:6, and passim in PRT; bel MU.MU (= ikribi) anni RN li-is-rim likpidma sabe emiqdte 1 58:12; cf. sirimtu, sirmu. su-u v = ka-pa-du, sa-ra-mu A II/4:58f.; ul, = a-ra-[hu], ds = sa-ra-[mu], is = ka-pa-[du] Antagal D b4-6; sur.ra.bur = sa-ra-mu (in group with surru and sararu) Erimhus IV 219. i i [...].ra an.ta ki.ta [z]i(?).kir 44 -r mar. mar.mes : ana galputti alanika elis u saplis u-sara-ma they strive to desecrate your cities everywhere KAR 128:29 (prayer of Tn.). ka-pa-du : sa-ra-mu Lambert BWL 70 comm. to Theodicy line 13. 1. to endeavor, to strive (for something), to apply oneself (to something), to exert one's influence (upon somebody or on behalf of somebody, with ana), to be concerned - a) in gen.: ana a-bi-ni si-ir-mi-ma a-bu-ni lipturu: neti use your influence on our fathers so that our fathers may redeem us LIH 48:11 (Mari let.); si-ri-im-ma sa wassur Alane suniti ahka la tanaddi apply yourself and do not neglect to free these cities (from the enemy) ARM sunuti ki libbasu ublam lispur ought Esarhaddon, for whom this request is spoken, plan and strive to send these troops as he wishes? PRT 26:6, and passim in similar contexts in PRT, cf. sabe sise u emuqc sa Assur-ban-apli Sar Assur li-is-rim-mu likpidu lillika ibid. 118:13. 2' with other verbs: ahka la tanaddi si-riim-ma scsiassu do not procrastinate, apply yourself to bringing him out (of prison) TCL 17 59:29, cf. si-ri-im-su-u[m-ma] lisesunissu ibid. 15, cf. also si-ri-im-ma tapulsu (for apulsu) TCL 7 57:16, si-ri-im-ma uddi[n ... ] VAS 16 154:8; summa ina kinatim tardmanni si-ri-im awdtisa am-mu-ur (for amur) if you are a true friend of mine, apply yourself and investigate her case CT 6 23a:21 (all OB letters); si-ir-ma dammeqa epSa (do not neglect your work) apply yourselves to doing a good job KAV 113:20 (NA let.), cf. arhisli-is-ri-mu lipuu ibid. 10, see Ebeling Stiftungen 29. 2. surrumu same mngs. - 2 62:7 (let. of the king of Ilansura); uluma anni~ ul [tatarrad]assumaana tertim sa annik[em] aqbilu ul asakkansu uliima aSranum terta[Su] [u]-ul sa-ri-im teretum kilallan i-ma-i-[da] if you do not send him here I cannot appoint him to the office I promised him here, moreover he will not be able to apply himself to his office there-both offices are too much asum bitqim ... a) in gen.: sabatim bel [s]4-[u]r-ru-um my lord is concerned about starting to repair the breach ARM 3 75:6; Sa tu-sar-ri-mu epuS tahaza fight the battle for which you have striven! Tn.-Epic "iii" 27; Sar mati ina mahdzi ahum ul rabiti kaspa us-sar // kaspa i-sar-rim the king of the country will regularly collect(?) (if us-sar stands for ussar from eseru) silver nadi mddi sa-ar-ma-ku I am (lit. there is) not neglecting the fields of the palace, I am very from the great cities, variant: ....- ed silver 3R 52 No. 3:38 and dupl., see Bab. 4 110. much concerned (about them) ARM 3 77:19; b) with kaadu: a[Sar] 4-sar-ra-mulikcuda qdtd'a may I achieve whatever I strive for ARM 1 58:12; ana eqel ekallim ... PN ki sa-ra-a-mi-[s]u iltanappara PN keeps 101 oi.uchicago.edu sarapu A sarapu A Thompson Esarh. pl. 18 vi 26 (Asb.), restored from Piepkorn Asb. p. 6, cf. As~ur Samas u Marduk mala Sarru EN-a 4-sar-ra-mu q te sarri belija [lisak]sidu ABL 521:24 (NB); mat 4-sar-ra-mu akasiad I will conquer the country I endeavor (to conquer) Thompson Rep. 232:12, cf. sar Akkadi ina mat 4-sar-ra-mu AS.TE-84 SUB-di [...] the king of Akkad will establish his throne in the country which he covets ACh Supp. 2 Sin 23:9. The two verbs saramu and samaru have to be connected because their meanings are so nearly synonymous, and, furthermore, they enter into the same constructions; note, e.g., ana salputti ... usarrama KAR 128, in lex. section, and usammar ... ana hulluq mat Assur Tn.-Epic "ii" 17 sub samaru mng. 2b-1'; note also that both summuru and surrumu are used with kaspdu and with respect to enemies. From MB on, sardmu frequently appears in hendiadys with kapadu, which refers more specifically to thinking and planning (note the frequent ref. to libbu with kapadu), while saramu refers rather to the endeavor to, or the application toward, reaching a goal. Lambert BWL 231. ze.ze, BAR.tabGfR = sur-ru-pu, na 4 . iM.SIG 7 , na 4 .siG7 .SIG7 = MIN a N[A4] (= abni), im.da.ra. g9.ga = us-sar-rap Nabnitu XXIII 156-160; ta-ab TAB = sur-ru-[pu] Idu II 169; te.te = surru-pu (beside suhhulu, durru, dukkumu, suhhumu, dukkusu, pulluhu, hurrusu, nat4, nuttu) CT 19 3 iii 12 (list of diseases). [... ]. e [... ] si. ga : etlu sa nissatu zumursu is-ru-pu the man whose body sorrow burned JTVI 26 153 i 10; na 4 .kisib.a.ni sag.ki.na tabGIR. e.da bi.in.e.ei : kaniksu inapi2tisu sa-ra-paiqbu they (the people of his quarter have assembled and) given orders to brand the sealed document (forged by) him into his forehead Ai. VI iv 23, for another bil. ref. with tab, see mng. 5; the goddess became angry at me (and) turned me into a sick person dim.me.ir i.zu nu.un.zu mu.un.tab.tab. es.am : z-sar-rap-an-ni a god-I do not know exactly which one-makes my (body) burn 4R 10:54f.; for other bil. refs. with tab.tab, see mng. 3a-2'. un.lu.a uru im.ma.an.gig.e.ne su.na diri.ga.a.[mes] : nis dadme usamrasu zumursina u-sar-ra-[pu] they (the demons, etc.) make the people living in cities sick, they make their bodies burn Surpu VII 9f., cf. e.ne.em.ma.ni mu.lu mu.un.gig.gig.gi mu.lu mu.un.sir.sir.ri: amassu nis usamras nisZ unnas // i-sar-rap his word makes people sick (and) weakens, variant: burns, people SBH p. 8:72f. kus.usan.ta anse.kar.ra.ginx(GIM) su.zu b i. in. db. ] : ina qinnazi kima imeri db.[... munnarbi zumurka with the whip I made your body burn like (that) of a straying donkey CT 16 29:76f. u-sar-ri-[ip] sarapu A v.; 1. to refine (metals by firing), to fire (bricks), 2. to burn (intrans.), 3. surs rupu to burn (trans.), to cause a burning sensation, to groan loudly(?), to melt glass(?), 4. susrupu (with qube) to groan loudly(?), 5. nasrupu passive to mng. 1; OA, OB Mari, MB, SB, NB; I isrup-isarrap-sarip,1/2, II, 11/2, III, IV; cf. nasraptu, nasrapu, srip agurri, sarpis, sarpu, sarruputu, siriptu, sirpu B, surpu, surrupu, suruppu. si-ig siG = sa-ra-pu sd lib-bi Idu II 367; siG = sa-ra-pu d lib-bi S a Voc. N 16'; sig.ga = sa-ra-pu (in group with summi, kubbubu, kababu) Antagal H 32; izi.sig.gi = IzI sa-ra-pu Izi I 80; sIG5 = sa-ra-pu-um Proto-Diri 126c; [ta-a]b GfR = sa-1ralpu A VIII/2:227; izi. GfRtab. GiRtab = izi sa-[ra-pu] Izi I 85; tabGfR, SIG 5 .AG.a, KUT.G[I].§e-egNE = sa-rapu sd Ku.BABBAR to refine, said of silver Nabnitu XXIII 127ff., SAR = MIN sa IGI sd IGI.KIJ.GA.AM, [sig] = [MIN] sd libbi ibid. 130f.; [da-ag] KA = ara-pu sd la-li-[i] to burn, (said) of desire A III/2: 145; [ri-i] [RU] = [s]a-ra-pu A VI/4:171; su-ud SUD = sa-ra-pu a'"-pi eCT 12 30 BM 38179: 13' (text similar to Idu). 1. to refine (metals by firing), to fire (bricks) - a) to refine metals by firing (OA, OB Mari): amitam is-ru-up-si-ma3 GIN kis: rum eliam lu ina sa-ra-pi-im lu ina si-ra-tim mutae 4 GIN e-ta-x-a he refined the amitumetal and a lump (weighing) two-thirds of a shekel came out (of the kiln), either through the refining or through the .... (there occurred) a loss of four shekels CCT 4 4a: 39 and 41, cf. ana sa-ra-pi-im bila bring (the amitumetal) here for refining ibid. 31, iStu atta tat. talluku la as-ru-<up>-si-ma I have not refined it (the amitu-metal) since you left ibid. 34, also la-as-ru-up-i ibid. 30 (OA); x Kv.GI SV.A ... KI.LA.BI 10 ihzi sa NA4 .GIS.DUB DU8 .SI.A ana sa-ra-pi-im x red gold, the weight of ten mountings of dus-stone plaques, for refining ARM 9 189:5; see Nabnitu, in lex. section. b) to fire (bricks): [x]+r41 LIM 3 ME a-gurra as-sa-ra-ap I fired 4300[+x] bricks BE 17 102 oi.uchicago.edu sarapu A sarapu A (vars. u-sar-ra-pu,i-sar-ri-ip) oath and curse 22:11 (MB); ana sa-ra-pi sa agurru GCCI 1 291:2, also Camb. 88:2, YOS 6 97:4, etc.; ana sar[i]p agurru VAS 6 220:6; (beer for hired men) Sa agurru i-sar-rap GCCI 1 8:3; la-bi-ni u burned his body Surpu VII 27f.; us-sar-ri-pu etlti kal-lu-mi us-sar-ri-pu [...] they (the sa-ra-pa to make (bricks) and to fire (them) burned [the women ... ] YOS 3 125:12 (let.); aki agurru ... i-lab-bi-innu u i-sar-rab-bi Pinches Peek No. 11:6; agurri however, in the OB version uhtammit immeri kalmi JCS 9 8:11, and the version uhtabbitu la sa-rip diseases) burned the men all day, they the bricks have not been fired CT 23 2:4f., note, YOS 3 125:20 (let.); PN sa ina muhhi sa-ra-pu immera ka[luma] ibid. 11 D 8 (= AMT 26,1); [... di-m]a-ti sur-ru-pu 4-suk-ka-a-a my Sa agurri PN, who is in charge of the firing upper cheeks burn [with the flow(?)] of tears of the bricks AnOr 9 8 r. 46, cf. ibid. 48 (all NB). Lambert BWL 36:110 (LudlulI); sur-ru-upSussuk arim ka-la-a-[su] AfO 19 52:150; kus.bi an. se.tab.tab.bi.en u izi an.na.ab.uis. 2. to burn (intrans.): see sarapu Sa lali A III/2:145, in lex. section; ina qabli sa laluka is-ru-pu in the battle for which you are burning with desire (lit. your desire burns) e : tu-sar-ra-ap[KUvs-s] u isdtam tusahhazasu you burn its leather(?) (i.e., that of the chair) ka-bat-su he said woe! his vitals burned (or: and set it afire (obscure) Lambert BWL 244 iv 17 f., and ibid. p. 249; sindtesun 4-sar(var. -sa)- ached, see surpu mng. 2) PSBA 30 80:15, see Zimmern Neujahrsfest 2 49f.; ana i-ris ra-pu they passed hot urine (lit. burnt their urine) (they voided their excrement in their Tn.-Epic iii 28; '-u-a iqtabi is-rip(for -rup) akali kabattus sar-[pat(or -hat)] his vitals chariots) OIP 2 47 vi 31 (Senn.), omitted in the parallel passage ibid. 89:54. burn with the craving for food STT 38:7 (Poor Man of Nippur); summa EME sa-rip if he b) to groan loudly(?): ina pit puridi -sarrap lallaris the next moment he (man) groans has a sharp tongue (lit. if he is burning with respect to the tongue) Boissier DA 253 r. i 5, see Kraus, ZA 43 100 iii 21. as loudly as a mourner Lambert BWL 40:42 (Ludlul II), see also mng. 4, and sarpis; e-li-lu-u sur-ru-pu his songs are bitter AfO 19 52:144. 3. surrupu to burn (trans.), to cause a burning sensation, to groan loudly(?), to melt glass(?) - a) c) to melt glass(?): for surrupu Sa abni, to burn (trans.), to cause a burning sensation - 1' in med.: summa amelu irassu ikkalsu res libbisu i-sa-rap-su SA.MES-8u [...] if somebody's chest hurts AMT 48,4 r. 8, cf. res libbisu u-sar-rap-su napis pisu kabit his epigastrium burns, his breathing is heavy AMT 45,6:5, cf. ibid. 87,1 r. 8; res libbisu subburta irtanassireS libbisu 4-sa-rapsu his epigastrium repeatedly has a "break," his epigastrium burns AMT 48,2:1, cf. STT 102:8; summa amela du-ga-nu isbassu reS l[ibbis]u i-sa-rap-su Nu patdn 4-ga-ds if the duganu-disease has taken hold of a man, his epigastrium burns and he throws up without having eaten (this man suffers from a disorder 4. susrupu (with qube) to groan loudly(?): qube li-Sa-as-rip may he (the leper) groan loudly MDP 10 pl. 12 (= p. 92) iv 19 (MB kudurru), cf. ii lallari qube 4-sd-as-rap AfO 19 58:133, also [ana za]maru qubbija 4-Sd-asrap Lambert BWL 36:108 (Ludlul I). him, his epigastrium gives him a burning sensation and his intestines [...] see lex. section. 5. nasrupu passive to mng. 1: since my lord left 1-it agurru ul is-s[ar]-ri(textx)-ip(!) not one brick has been fired CT 22 174:19 (NB let.); mu.am sa.mu al.tab.tab.e: Satt[a] libbi is-sa-r[ip-ma] (last year I ate garlic and) it is this year that I have heartburn Lambert BWL 243 iii 59 (proverb). For sarapu, "to fire," etc., see Zimmern Fremdw. 27. There seems to be no reason to assume a mng. "to press" or the like (Thomppi kari maris reS libbisu uhammassuu-sar-rap son, PRSM 17 4 n. 3, Ungnad, ZA 38 200, ZA 31 zumru u-zaq-qat-1s ibid. 20. 274 n. 2, OLZ 1927 1076 n. 3, Ebeling, MAOG 2' in lit.: mu sag.ba adda.bi tab. 12/2 30, Lambert BWL 287 n. 108, 110) on the tab. e. d : nisu mdmitu pagarSu us-sar-ri-pu basis of an Arabic etymology. All the refs. are of the pz kari) STT 96:9, note slumma amelu 103 oi.uchicago.edu sarapu B sarapu B shown to belong to sarapu, "to burn," by the nari sa kima dam sar-pu ibid. 14 (namburbdSum. correspondences attested in vocabulary rit.); dameunu ... bamate as-ru-ba illiris and bilingual passages. Even the refs. refer- I dyed the mountain ridges as red as illururing to mood and to complaint belong with berries with their blood TCL 3 135 (Sar.); "to burn" on the basis of the adv. sarpis, sheep sa sipatesunu argamannu sar-pat see discussion s. v. Compare, as a semantic whose wool is dyed purple Rost Tigl. III pl. parallel, hamatu B. 16:156, and cf. birds sa agappisunu ana takilte sar-pu whose wings are dyed takiltusarapu B v.; 1. to dye red, to dye, to steep purple ibid. 156; summa tulmum sumam (in tanning), 2. surrupu same mngs.; from sa-ri-ip if the spleen is (as if it were) dyed red OB on; I isrup-isarrap,II, Ass. as-ru-ba YOS 10 41 r. 63 (OB ext.), cf. warkatasa simam TCL 3 135 (Sar.); cf. nasraptu, srip duse, sa-ar-pa ibid. 40:9, cf. MAS sumam sa-ar-pa-at saripu,sarpu B, sirpetu, sirpu A, susrupu. YOS 10 35 r. 31, 44 r. 46 (all OB ext.); if the 1. to dye red, to dye, to steep (in tanning) right lung SA5 sa-rip is (as if it were) dyed red - a) to dye red - 1' with color specifically mentioned: summa awilum Srassu kima nabasi sa-ar-pa-at if a man's hair is as red as dyed wool AfO 18 66 ii 35 (OB physiogn.), cf. sdrat qaqqadisu kima nabassi sar-pat Kraus Texte 3b ii 52 (SB physiogn.); uir.an.na sig. gan.me.da.ginx(GIM) xx : [isid] same kima na-ba-si sa-rip the horizon is as red as dyed wool Lugale IV 45; GN kima nabasi lu as-ru-up I dyed Mount Hiriha as red as dyed wool (with the blood of his warriors) AKA 61 iv 21 (Tigl. I); damesunu kima napdsi sade as-ru-up 3R 7 i 47, also 3R 8 ii 50(!) (Shalm. III), cf. AKA 272 i 53 and 301 ii 18 (Asn.); dame quradisunu kima nabasi talbit aanisunu lu as-ru-up I dyed the outskirts of his cities as red as dyed wool with the blood of his warriors 1R 30 iii 13 (Samsi-Adad V); mesa as- ru-up kima nabassi I dyed its (the Ulaj River's) water as red as dyed wool Streck Asb. 26 iii 43, cf. tam-di ina damesunu kima napdsi lu as-ru-up 3R 8 ii 78 (Shalm. III), also me naratisu ina dame quradl~u is-ru-pu nabasis Winckler Sar. pl. 34 No. 73:130; sa masak RN hammd'i is-ru-pu nabasis he who dyed the skin of the usurper RN as red as dyed wool Lyon Sar. 4:25; if the flood comes KAR 422 r. 31, also ibid. 32 and 34ff., cf. if the right kidney SA5 sar-pat KAR 152 r. 4f., and passim in SB ext., note: if the dandnu has many fissures and its fissures SA5 pild sar-pu are (as if) dyed dark red Boissier DA 9 r. 22 (SB ext.), also (the river) kima dami pili <sarip> (preceded by kima dam sa-rip) CT 39 14:2; summa MIN (= erimu) magal sA 5 sa-rip if the mole is very much (as if it were) dyed red (preceded by magal sam) Kraus Texte 50 r. 29' (SB physiogn.), cf. if his nails sA5 sar-pa ibid. 22 iv 2; if Venus kalusuma SA5 sa-rip is completely (as if) dyed red ACh Supp. 2 p. 74 Istar 49:45, also (said of the sun) Thompson Rep. 181:1, cf. if Venus ZAG-sd SA5 ta-kip // tir-ku (var. SAR-ma) sa-rip is dotted with red, variant: .... dyed dark red, on its right side ACh Supp. 2 Istar 49:20, var. from dupl. LKU 103 r. 14. 2' without naming a color: damesunu Sadi as-ru-up I dyed the mountain region red with their blood AKA 236 r. 32, also ibid. 339 ii 114, cf. damesunu bitatesunu as-ru-up ibid. 313 ii 56 (all Asn.), dame qurddisu sera lu as-ru-up KAH 2 84:43 (Adn. II), also 3R 8 ii 73 (Shalm. III); summa martum muhhaa takimma sa-rip if the top of the gall bladder is spotted and it is red in the month of Nisannu and miUa kima dam sar-pu its water is as red as blood CT YOS 10 31 ix 16 (OB ext.), cf. ibid. 4, cf. dikSusa 39 18:79 (SB Alu), also KAR 402 r. 6, cf. ndru kima dame sa-rip CT 39 11:62, ibid. 14:1, etc., cf. (said of the water of a well) CT 39 22:6 (all SB Alu); ina ?IUL milu sa kima dami sar-[p]u TCL 6 2:45 (SB ext.), var. from CT 30 6 obv.(!) 13; sar-pu (var. SAg sar-pu) (followed by tarku) Summa panicsu sar-pu u i-sd-ab/p-p/bu-4 if against the evil portended by a flood which is his face is red and it .... -s Labat TDP 74:28, cf. (with SA 5 .MES) ibid. 72:4, cf. also Summa qdtdu SA 5 .MES u fSrusu sar-pu ibid. 90:10; is as red as blood CT 41 23 ii 13, cf. ina HUL me Sa Sinni lilputu u li-is-ru-u-pu Samm Sa sri 104 oi.uchicago.edu sararu A sarapu B anaahdmis maslu sa sinni lilputu u li-is-ru-pui-ma lilqdni they should fashion tree (ornaments) of ivory and dye (them), (also) they should fashion ornaments (in the shape) of wild plants, all of them matching, and dye (them) and bring (them from Egypt) EA 11 r. 10 and 12 (let. of Burnaburias); the dirty garments Sa masiuni ina pi(!)-it-tu-ka si-rip (text -e)-?i-ni sakniini which have been washed, dyed in your presence, (and) deposited KAV 108:8 (MA let.). b) to dye (other colors): if the dnannu is full of fissures pitrusu SlG7 sar-pu and its fissures are (as if) dyed green (after SA5 sar-pu, SA pild sar-pu) Boissier DA 9 r. 23 (SB ext.); DIS MAN KUR-ma SIG7 sa-rip u UD.DA SIG7 if the sun rises and is as if dyed green and the atmosphere(?) is greenish ACh Samas 15:10. c) to steep (in tanning): ina hirati u aban gabi sa mat Hatti ta-sar-ra-pu you steep (the skin of the bull) in huratu-dye and alum from Hatti RAcc. 4 ii 25, cf. ina I.NUN.NA GUD.AB KJ.GA IM.SAHAR.NA 4 .KUR.RA 8a mat Hatti u hiratita-sar-rap-ma you steep it in ghee from a pure cow, alum from Hatti, and hiratu-dye KAR 60 r. 8, see RAcc. p. 22. 2. surrupu same mngs. (stative only): summa martum pidasatukkupama si-ur-ru-pa if the "shoulders" of the gall bladder are spotted and red YOS 10 31 ix 10 (OB ext.); summa ... tikiptan sittama si-ur-ru-pa if there are two spots and they are colored red ibid. 24; Summa erset mati us si-ru-pat if the soil of the country is dyed red with blood CT 41 22:21 (SB Alu); Summa IGI.MES-4? sur- ru-pu if his face is red Kraus Texte 13:15, and ibid. 16 i 16, also Summa sulum insu sur-ru[pu] CT 28 27:41 (SB physiogn.); summa naru kima me badr samna si-ur-ru-pu if the river is colored red(?) with oil like the water in the diviner'(s bowl) CT 39 14:22 (SB Alu). The use of the verb in reference to tanning can be explained in two ways: either that the tanning technique called sarapuincluded the coloring of the leather (normally red-see saripduse), or that the verb refers basically to the soaking, either in the tannin or the dye. sarapu C (or zarapu) v.; to buy, acquire; NA; I (only stative sarip and *ziripattested), 1/2 izzirip. a) with leq: PN ina libbi x kaspi issi pan amele anndte eqlu i-zi-rip i[ssiqi] kaspu gammur ta[din] eqlu sudtu sa-rip l[aqi] PN bought the field for x silver from these persons and took it over, the purchase price has been given in full, this field is sold and taken over ADD 374:13 and 15, also, wr. iz-zi-rip issiqi ADD 642:10, i-zi-rip issiqi ABL 609:6, and passim, note i-sa-rip issiqi ADD 246:11; martu sudtu sar-pat laqiat this female child has been sold and taken over ADD 317:11, cf. zir-pat VAS 1 89:12, zir-pa-at AJSL 42 182:6; zir-pi-at VAS 1 85:11, zir-pi laqi ibid. 93:12, OLZ 1905 131:12, zir-pu laqiu ADD 230:10, and passim; [Lt(?)].MES suatu sa-rap-pu ADD 452 r. 1, also wr. sa-rip-pu ADD 643:18, 258:12. b) with nasil: i-zi-rip ittisi ADD 318:11, cf. sinnistu sar-pat nasiat ADD 72 r. 8, i-zi-rip it-ti-s[i(!)] ADD 384:7. c) with uppusu: for refs. in which sarapu occurs beside uppusu, see epesu mng. 4a-1'. The exact mng. of this legal term and its etymology remain uncertain. It seems difficult to separate a term for "to buy"--sardpu -from the word for "silver," which in this period is quite often sarpu. On the other hand, the spellings izzirip and zirpat, zir-pu/pi suggest a different sibilant. See also the discussion sub sarpu A. sararu A v.; 1. to flow, drip, 2. surruru to libate, pour out; OB, SB, NA; I isrurisarrur, durative inf. nasarruru (see lex. section); wr. syll. and suR; cf. musarrirtu, sarru A, surdru B. [su-ur] SUR = sa-ra-rum Ea III 288, also A b III/6:90; su-ur sun = sa-r[a-r]u S I 10; su-ur LAGABX SUM = sa-ra-rum [sa ... ] A 1/2:263; zaar LAGABXSUM = sa-ra-ru to flow (said of the secretion of a pupa when spinning a cocoon, followed by su-ur LAGABXSUM = da-ra-ru) Ea I 83, cf. za-ar LAGABXSUM = [sa-ra-ru] A 1/2:262; hu-um LUM = sa-ra-rum A V/1:12. [di-ri] [DIRI] = na-sar-ru-ru(preceded by nagars ruru, nadarruru) Diri I 16. 105 oi.uchicago.edu sararu B sararu B u6.KAXBAD.bi.sur. sur = sa ru-pu-us-ta-u i-saru-ru (a man) whose spittle constantly flows OB Lu Part 7:16; nam.tar su.lu.ka i.gal.la a.ginx(GIM) he.im.ma.an.sur.sur.ri : namtari sa ina zumur ameli basc kima me li-is-ru-ur may the namtar-demon who is in the body of the man flow out like water CT 16 24 i 23f., also PBS 1/2 116:46f., cf. su.lugal.e dumu.dingir.ra.na a.ginx he.im.ma.an.sur.sur.ri : <ina> zumur sarri mar ilisu kIma me li-is-ru-ru-ma Schollmeyer No. 1 ii 21; gis.tukul.nir.zu usumgal ka. bi.ta Alh nu.bi.iz.bi.iz.e.de :kakkaka usumgal: lu sa istu pisu imtu la inattuku // damu la i-sar-ru-ru your weapon is a dragon from whose mouth venom will not drip // blood will not flow 4R 20 No. 3:15ff. (US.BABBAR) i-sar-ru-ur if pus flows out of a man's ears AMT 36,1:12, cf. ina suburrisu mul.an.ginx(OIM) sur.sur.ra a.ginx ge6.a al.gin.gin : kima kakkab samame i-sar-ru-urkima me miii illak (the headache demon) flashes like the stars of the sky, (and) moves (swiftly) like water at night CT17 19 illf.; [lu.ra] hul.bi.ta mul.ginx sur.sur.ri.e.[ne] : [ana ameli] lemnis kima kakkabu i-sar-ru-[ru] they (the demons) flash evilly like stars for the man CT 16 25 i 52f.; the net of Nisaba should bind the demons zi.sur.ra sag.bi ib.ta.an.bu.i : sa dNisaba.kex(KID) ana zisurr sa dNisaba i-sar-ru-ru who flit in against the (protective) magic flour lines CT 17 34:27f., and cf. gis.ka.na gis.nu.kus.sax(t). ta(var. adds .hm) mu.un.sur.sur.e.dei : saina giskanakki (u) nukusse i-sar-ru-ru who flit in through the gis(Ga)kanakku (of the door) and past the pivot CT 17 35:58f.; [k]i.sikil.lil.la [a]b. ba.6.ta [ld] sur.ra.ab : ardatlili sa ina dpti biti ana ameli is-ru-ru the ghost maiden who flits through the window of the house at the man Bab. 4 pl. opp. p. 189 iv 5ff. martu SUR bile flows from his anus Labat TDP 26:68, also ina musdrisu damu SUR blood flows from his penis ibid. 134 ii 37, and damu SUR (after dama HAL he evacuates blood, dama ihahhu he spits blood) ibid. is-ru-ur ds-si na-ma-ru RA 17 128:26 (astrol. comm.); sa-ra-ri // ra-bu-u sd ba-a-lu TCL 6 17 r. 11; sallumm // sa-ra-4r MUL (for context, see CT 26 40 iv 19 (astrol.); sa-ra-a-rum= sallummn) s.a-ra-[hu] An VIII 173; note sir-hi dis-s sa-ra-ru CT 41 45 Rm. 855:12 (astrol. comm.). 1. to flow, drip - a) said of spittle, pus, blood, etc.: cf. OB Lu, and 4R 20, in lex. section; [humma amelu TA] uznisu sarku 120:28, and cf. (followed by dama itezzi, dama 1. to flash (said mainly of shooting stars): HAL) ibid. 86 r. 2. DIS UL ina pan ameli SUR-ir if a shooting star falls in front of a man Bab. 4 p. 125 b) other occs.: mdmit kima me ina zumur annanna ... li-is-ru-ur may the curse flow K.139:10; DIS UL ina imitti ameli mehra SUR[DIS] MUL SUR-ma kzma kisri am ibid. 8f.; out like water from so-and-so's body JNES 15 140 Type II/1:24', and see CT 16 24 i 23f., etc., i-sar-ru-rume x water .... is flowing JRAS 1929 p. 10:26. [TA] ereb Samsi ana sit Samsi irbi if a shooting star flashes and goes down from west in lex. section; to east like a meteor(?) Thompson Rep. 28 r. 2; DIS MUL kima dipdri ultu sZt samsi suR-ma ina ereb samsi ui if a shooting star 2. surruru to libate, pour out (NA only): they place drinking vessels with beer and wine before the great Antu and before Gilgames TA libbi 4-sa-ru-ru and make libations from them ZA 45 44:47; flashes (as bright) as a torch in the east and [ina l]ibbi gidimati ... su-ra-a-red-sar-ra-[ru-ni]they make libations by means of ladles(?) ZA 52 226:9 (cultic comm.); the beer which imahhahuni 4-srar- ru-ru-u-ni they mix (and) libate ZA 51 138:49 (cultic comm.). von Soden, ZA 45 52. goes down in the west ABL 1237:3, also Thompson Rep. 187 r. 5, 202 r. 8; after one double hour of the night had elapsed MUL.GAL TA iltani ana suti is-sa-ru-ur a large shooting star flashed from north to south Thompson Rep. 201:4; [summa kakkabu] kala mi is-ru-ur if a shooting star flashes during daylight(?) ACh Supp. 2 Istar 63 iv 27, sararu B v.; 1. to flash (said mainly of shooting stars), 2. to flit (said of demons); SB, NB; I isrur-isarrur-sarir,1/2, 1/3 cf., wr. SUR (with directions specified) ibid. 6ff., also SUR-ma (gloss is-ru-ur-ma) ina libbi MUL.LIx(NE).SI 4 Zrub ibid. 2, restored and gloss from Thompson Rep. 237:7; summa Zappu is-ru-ur-ma dUTU (issanarrarBiOr 6 166: 11); wr. syll. and SUR; cf. sdriruA, sarru B, serretu C. su-kuSUH = ma-d-hu, sur = sa-ra-ru, sar.ra = sa-ra-hu Erimhus V catchline, cf. sur.ra = sa-raru, sur.ra.b6r = sa-ra-mu Erimhus IV 218f. NIGIN if the Pleiades flash and go around the sun ACh Supp. 2 Istar 66:15, cf. ibid. 14, also ACh Istar 5:5, and passim, also MUL.MES 106 oi.uchicago.edu *sararu C sarbabu same magal SUR.MES-ma ACh Istar 25:48; 2 kakkabani rabUti ... arki ahames is-sar-ru two great shooting stars flashed one after the other Thompson Rep. 202 r. 4; 2-si-nu MUL.MES i-sar-r[u-ru] ACh Supp. 2 Istar 64 i 20, cf. DIS MUL.ME same sa-ra-ra [... ] ibid. 90:1; DIS MUL SUR-ma si-ri-ir-si (for sirihsu, see sirhu B) kima seti namir ina sa-ra-ri-su kima nammasti zuqaqipi zibbata Sakin if a shooting star flashes and its flashing is as bright as daylight, and it has a tail like the scorpion (i.e.) the animal (not the constellation) while it is falling Thompson Rep. 200:1 and 2; [...] dLU.BAD is-ru-ur-ma dUTU ilmi Thompson Rep. 89 r. 6, see also ZA 52 238:8 cited sarahu C mng. la; lu-u [. .. ] misih kakkabi dur.dur.a = si-[ri-it], ga.dur.fddrl = [lu-uslri-it, h6.dur.dur = (blank) OBGT IX 146ff.; gu.du dur.dur.ru KA.gi KA.diri.ga ba.ab. tufm : [qin-na]-tum sc-ru-tam pu-u ba-ba-nu-tam ub-lam the anus emitted much flatus, the mouth gossip(?) Lambert BWL 251 K.5688:2, for the Sum. version gu.du dur.ddr.e KA.gi KA.diri. ge am.ta.ab.tum see E. I. Gordon, JAOS 77 78 No. 4.61. 1. to break wind, emit flatus: [summa] immeru ina tehika is-ri-it if the (sacrificial) lu-u sa-ra-dr MUL (the evil portended by) either the (ominous) glow of a star or a lamb breaks wind when you approach TuL p. 41:1, cf. [summa immeru] istu naksu 2-Su shooting star K.8091+10628:14' (namburbu). 2. to flit (said of demons): see bil. passages in lex. section; [...] §d ina an-na-at lem-nis is-sa-na-ra-ra(said of Nergal) BiOr 6 166:11. For a doublet, see sarahu C. Schott, ZA 44 291, 293; n. 133a. ur KU = sa-ra-tum ibid. 150:10, also Idu II 309; du-urK =- sa-ra-tum (in group with alatu, tezd, sanahu) Erimhu sIII 65; du-ur KU = sa-ratu(var. -du), tu-ma KU = MIN Ea I 146f.; bi-'el[KU] = [x]-u-hu, [...] = [s]a-ra-tum Antagal C 114f.; [KAXBAD ... ] = im-du za-ra-d[u] to pass venom (see imtu lex. section) Kagal D Fragm. 10:12 (from Bogh.). Weidner, AfO 14 313 3-su [isrit] if the sheep breaks wind two or three times after it has been slaughtered ibid. r. ru-ut if the and r. 1, also summa immeru iStu naksu isCT 41 12:17; summa immeru is-sa-ri-it sheep breaks wind once TuL p. 43:13 1 (all behavior of sacrificial lamb); sa ultu *sararu C v.; (mng. unkn.); SB*; only stative attested. summa muhhau sa-ri-ir if the top of his um pa[ni] la ibasss2 ardatum sihirt[um] ina sif[n] muti[Sa] is-r[u-ut] what had never happened since olden days, a young woman broke wind in her husband's lap (Sum. head is .... broken) Lambert BWL 260:10, Kraus Texte 2a:15, with var. cf. the unilin- sa-hi-i[r(?)] (followed by habis, rapaS wide, mithar symmetrical) ibid. 4a:5. To be considered the stative of a transitive verb (*isrur-*isarrar-sarir)of unknown mng., or to be connected with the adj. sarriru (or sdriru), cf. sarraru. gual version: nig.u 4 .bi.ta la.ba.gal.la ki.sikil.tur ur.dam.na(var. adds .a).ka d6ur nu.ub.ddr.re Gordon Sumerian Proverbs sararu D v.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* piqam i-par-ru-ud // i-sar-ru-ud he may or gis.sag.gil.gan.tir = GI§ sa-ra-r[i] Hh. V 184. may not shiver, variant: .... CT 23 13:18 (med.); v a-a-ra sa-ra-ti : x [...] Kocher Pflanzenkunde 22 iii 7 (Uruanna III). 47 No. 1.12, see ibid. p. 495f.; am-me-ni ta-asru-ti-ma ta-ba-s[i] Lambert, JSS 4 10 K.6082 Col. B 11; obscure: ta-as/s/z-ru-ti UET 4 188:26, and lis-ru-tu ibid. 172:15; piqam la T Name for a part of the harrow. saratu (or saradu) v.; 1. to break wind, emit flatus, 2. surrutu to break wind repeatedly; SB; I isrut (isrit TuL p. 41:1, OBGT IX 147, imp. sirit OBGT IX 146) -isars rut, 1/2 (issarit TuL p. 43:13 and r. 1), II; 2. surrutu to break wind repeatedly: see Lambert BWL 251, in lex. section; summa immeru ina niqe -sa-ra-at TuL p. 43:14, dupl. CT 41 12:10 (behavior of sacrificial lamb). cf. sdritu. Landsberger, ZA 41 222; von Soden, ZA 43 253; Gordon Sumerian Proverbs 495f. se-e KU = zu-u excrement, si-it-tum urine, sa-raturn to emit flatus MSL 2 151:24ff. (Proto-Ea); du- sarbabu see zarbabu. 107 oi.uchicago.edu sarbatu sarbatu sarbatu (serbatu, serbetu) s.; Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica); from OB on; 14 Ep. 7 c 5; A.GAR se-er-ba-tim ("Flurname") BE 6/2 9:2 (OB), cf. A.GAR ASAL ibid. 37:5; inima aSrdnum u§[baku] GIS sa-ar-ba-ti [...] sa 3 NINDA.AM ana esa[r] dmu[r] when I stayed there (in Mari), I saw poplars measuring three serbatu BE 6/2 9:2 (OB), serbetu in OB Elam and Nuzi, pl. sarbatu; wr. syll. and GIS.ASAL (A.TU.GAB+LIS); cf. sarbu, sarbu. akalu (in thickness) for ten (cubits length) a-sal GI9.A.T[U.GAB+LI9] = sar-ba-td Diri II241; a-sa-ar [GI]S.[A.TU1.GAB+LIS = sa-ar-ba-[tum]Proto- ARM 1 98:6; Diri 161; gis.asal = sar-ba-td, gis.asal.kur.ra = MIN KUR-i (var. sd-di-i) Hh. III 411f.; gis.asal = sar-ba-t Practical Vocabulary Assur 682; a.sal = sar-pa-tum = (Hitt.) ha-ra-a-ui Izi Bogh. A 84; gis.tir.gis.asal = MIN (= qis-tu) .ar-ba-ti Hh. III 184; gi.gu.za gis.asal = (kussi,) sa-ar-ba-ti Hh. IV 109c. gis.asal dili peSx(KI.A) du.a.ginx(GlM) : kima sar-ba-ti e-di ina kibriusemanni like a solitary poplar on the river bank (Akk. adds: you made me) SBH p. 10:129f.; gis.asal HI ga.ras.SAR.ginx(GIM) sab.sab.ba : sa sa-ar-ba-tam kima ka[rasim] iharra[su] (the donkey, the elephant) who cut down the poplar as if (it were) a leek Lambert BWL 272:9 (OB proverbs). U.BABBAR = hi-[l]isar-ba-te Practical Vocabulary Assur 109; a-ri-hu, U.BABBAR, u pe-su-u : U A.KAL sar-be-te (var. GI§.ASAL) Uruanna I 225ff. 'a sd-mu a) the tree: ina silli se-er-be-tim ulid seru the serpent gave birth in the shade of the (in a plantation in Harran) 150 GIS sar-bu-ti GIS hi(text u)-lu-pu 150 poplars (and) willows Johns Doomsday Book 3 i 9; 1 qablu GIS sar-bi-[ti] one poplar grove ibid. 2 iii 12, cf. 1 GIS qablu ASAL ibid. 5 viii 19, also ibid. 20:10, [x sar]-ba-te 15 hilepu (GI.BU. MES) (inventory of an orchard) ADD 959:8. b) as timber: 11 su-li GIS.A. (TU>.GAB+LIS sa ana Sa ru-gu-bi ireddia eleven (times) sixty poplars which are suitable for roofing VAS 16 52:8 (OB let., coll. Kocher), cf. summa guS~re sa GIS.ASAL [... ] usallil if he roofs (his house) with poplar beams CT 40 7:57 (SB Alu); 6 hirsi Ja sa[a]-a[r]-ba-tumsix planks of poplar wood BE 6/2 137:13 (OB); [GI s]a-ar-ba-tim Sa ibassema u 1 GIs urnam isbilam send me the poplars which are available and one pine tree (log) ARM 6 63 r. 5'; if they find him poplar Bab. 12 pl. 13:6 (OB Etana, from Elam), cf. ina e§di sar-be-te AfO 14 pl. 9 i 9, and for guilty of having fished unlawfully in the pond of DN hilepu GIs sar-ba-ti qandti u other refs. to the shade of the poplar, see sillu husabi anasigilti ... mng. lb; gis.taskarin.ginx(GiM) men an. having taken away willow, poplar wood, reeds or twigs (from DN's fields, forests and marshes, he will repay it thirty-fold) YOS 6 da.guir.ru gis.asal.ginx an.da tal.tal. z al.1a (the temple of Kes) carries its crown to the sky like a boxtree, spreads (its branches) to the sky like a poplar 122:6, also ibid. 148:6 (NB), (logs of) poplar (as well as willow and sumdtu wood) BIN 1 165:14 (NB); GIS sar-ba-tum u ina silli parakki sau asat sa[r-ba-tu] in the shade of that chapel a poplar was growing CT 13 31 K.8572:4 (SB lit.); if a man GIS.ASAL KI.MIN (= izqup) plants a poplar (in a field within the city) CT 39 3:25, cf. summa ina muspaliali GIS.ASAL innamir if a poplar is found in the low-lying part of a city CT 39 11:48, cf. also ibid. 34 (both SB Alu); e'ru ... GIS.ASAL [itapla] the laurel answered the poplar (disputation between e'ru and sarbatu) Lambert BWL 165:14, referred to as ES.GAR GIS.ASAL in the catalogs cited ibid. 164; api parati u GIS sar-ba-ti ina qirbisu magal i-sirma usarrilapapallureed-marshes and poplars grew profusely therein (at the site of Babylon) and threw out many offshoots Borger Esarh. cf. 40 GIS.ASAL qattanitu PN mahir PN received forty small RA 26 13, cf. BE 31 23 ii 16, and Langdon BL 197 ii 35f.; issu (and of) unlawfully GIS masti aksitma te-me-en(text -e) Eulmas lu epusma I cleared away the poplars and the brush of dogwood and laid the foundations of Eulmas CT 34 31 ii 42 (Nbk.). c) as a material for manufactured objects: gis.na gis.asal ITT 2 694 r. 1, also ITT 3 6418:3ff., and passim in Ur III texts; 4 GIS.NA 4 GIS.GU.ZA sa GIS.ASAL four beds, four chairs of poplar TCL 11 174:5, cf. ibid. 20, 34 and r. 11, cf. also 2 GIS.ASAL x x ana GIS na-ds-ka-x-x TCL 10 16:7 (both OB), cf. also KI.MIN (= GIS. GU.ZA) GIS.ASAL BE 14 163 ii 15 (MB); 1 GIS. ASAL ana 2 tu-li-'-i (part of chariot) TCL 9 50:3 (MB); purstu Sa GIS zi-ir-be-ti a bowl made of poplar wood HSS 14 520:19 (Nuzi), 108 oi.uchicago.edu sarbatu sarbu GIS sussulku a [GIS d]ulbi sa GIS zi-ir-be-ti ibid. 562:6. d) as fuel - 1' in gen.: GIS.HI.A Sa ina sapli kiri tasarrapuGIS.ASAL kabbarta qaliptu ... ina ITI Abi naksu the wood that you burn connected under the smelting oven (should be) a thick, barked poplar cut in the month of Abu ZA 36 (see Guest Notes on Trees 16), but in Akk. hilepu and sarbatu are carefully distinguished. 182:10, cf. ibid. 186:8 (NA glass text). The facts that the fruit of the sarbatu-tree does not appear in economic contexts, that 2' in rituals: 4 libndti Saha tanaddi lute GIS.ASAL tesen you arrange four bricks at an angle, you heap (them) with cuttings of poplar 4R 55 No. 2:16, also STC 2 84:108, cf. lute GIS [sar]-ba-ti AfO 18 296:4; GIs hupe sar-ba-te ina muhhi [abril tesen you heap poplar cuttings on the burning pile AMT 84,4 r. iii 11; 1 SiLA DE GIS.ASAL 1 SILA DE i amhara tuballal you mix one sila of poplar ashes, one sila of amhara-plant ashes KAR 194 r. iv 9, cf. DE sar-ba-te ina me kas$ talds you knead poplar ashes with a liquid made with mustard CT 23 32:1 and 6, KAR 194 r. iv 21. also DE GIS.AS[AL] tasdk e) leaves, seeds, and other parts (used in medicine): PA GIS.ASAL tapds you bray poplar leaves Kuchler Beitr. pl. 12 iv 31, cf. AMT 43,1 ii 8, 63,7:6, 91,5:1, KAR 208:11; sullu kima zer sar-bat the mole is as (big as) a poplar seed TCL 6 6 i 24, cf. summa NUMUN GIS.ASAL zkul Dream-book 318:11', inib GIS. ASAL ibid. 6', GIS.ASAL ibid. 12'. f) sap (hil sarbati): see lex. section; Tj A.KAL GIS.ASAL (var. sar-ba-ti) : U su-a-lim poplar sap is a drug for cough KAR 203 iv-vi 32, var. from RA 17 179 Sm. 22:15 (pharm.); A.KAL sar-ba-te (in a list of drugs) AMT 59,1 i 35; u BABBAR Sa A GIS.ASAL sums "white plant" which is called "poplar juice" AMT 40,5 iv 3; for refs. wr. see sammu U.BABBAR peso. g) other occs.: GIS.ASAL dKI.SAR assum d50.DU the poplar is DN, because .... LKU 45 r. 6 (cultic comm.); for dLUGAL.GIS. ASAL see sarbu usage a. Apart from the willow (hilpu, q.v.), the poplar native to the region (Populus euphratica) is the most common tree of lower Mesopotamia. Its Arabic name garab (Heb. 'arabJ, Syr. 'arbetd) should probably be with sarbatu in view of the alternation g/s as attested by the pair semeru and emeru A, q.v. A certain confusion between willow and poplar is shown by the regional use of the term garrabfor the willow its wood is cheap and is used for inexpensive furniture and often as fuel, invalidate the identification as mulberry tree. In Hh. III 412ff., the "mountain sarbatu" and a "sweet fruit bearing" variety, g i . asal. 1 1(.1a), are listed as species of the sarbatu; the latter is explained as tijalu and girgissu in Hh. III 413-417 for reasons which remain unknown. The sap of the tree is called sammu pesdi, "white drug," as well as hil sarbati (me sarbati in AMT 40,5 iv 3) and its seeds or fruit (NUMUN and SID) zanzalikku, q.v.; see also kullaru and kaptaru. The DE of sarbatu, probably short for DE.DAL = tikmenu, denotes either poplar ashes or embers. The writing of the sign group A.TU. GAB+LIS as A.TU.NIR in early texts (cf., e.g., BRM 3 3:17, RA 15 138f. i 2,8, etc., Nikolski 5/2 200:3, 201:1) as well as A.SIG 4 .GAB.LIS (ITT 4 7012:1, see Eames Coll. p. 55) should be pointed out here. Thompson DAB 292ff.; Lambert BWL 164 (for previous literature). For the Populus euphratica see Low Flora 3 323 ff., and Guest Notes on Trees 15. sarbu s.; Euphrates poplar (only in the divine names Bel-sarbi and Belat-sarbi); MA, SB, NB; cf. sarbatu, sarbu. a) in Bel-sarbi: dSar-bu-u : dEN sar-be CT 25 36 r. 26, and dupl. ibid. 35 r. 20, also [dSa]r-bu-u EN sar-bu dU+GUR ibid. 37:16 (list of gods); dBe-el-GIS.ASAL SLT 122 iv 21 (list of gods); E.TUS.GI.NA Sa URU Ba-az ana dEN- sar-bi belija essis puS I rebuilt the temple Etusgina of the city Baz for my lord Belsarbi VAB 4 92 ii 48 (Nbk.), replaced, in similar context, by dLUGAL.GIS.ASAL ibid. 74 ii 29, 108 ii 60 and 182 iii 7; PN mar <(Sangi> Sa dEN.LUGAL-.ar-A.TU.GAB.GIL VAS 5 95:1, see Ungnad NRV Glossar 143; miR-dEN-ar-bi Dar. 244:7 and 10. 109 oi.uchicago.edu sarip du§e sarbfi b) in Belat-sarbi: dNIN-Sar-be 3R 66 ix 22 (takultu), MVAG 41/3 p. 16 iii 37 (MA rit.). sarhu Probably the name of this god of the Nergal circle was read as Sum. Lugal.asal except for the cited occurrences of syllabic spellings; note the occurrence dLugal. gi asal after dLugal.gi6inig in the OB god list gi TCL 15 10:445 sarhu C adj.; glittering; SB; cf. sarahu C. ina libbi kakkabani samela maniti namru(!)-[ti sar-h]u-ti sar-ru-ti among the uncounted shining, sparkling, glittering stars of and between dLugal. inig and dLugal.gigisimmar in the god the sky list AfK 2 72:13ff. For other refs., wr. dLUGAL.GIS.ASAL, see Weidner, AfK 2 72 n. 6, Surpu VIII 29 (SB), JNES 15 144:16 (SB), LIH 98 iii 53 and 99 iii 52 (Sum.), LIH 97 ii 51 (Akk., Samsuiluna). STT 73:97, see Reiner, JNES 19 34. sarihu s.; singer of lamentations; lex.*; cf. sardhu B. u1i.BALAG.di = sa-r[i-hum], mun[abbi] OB Lu A 252f.; KA.ra.ah, i.lu.BALAG.di, i.lu.dUKA, i.lu. di, i.lu.KA.KA, i.lu.di.di = sa-ri-hu Nabnitu X 22ff. Frankena Takultu 106. sarbf adj.; pertaining to the poplar; SB*; cf. sarbatu, sarbu. [dSa]r-bu-u EN sar-bu dU+GUR B adj.; plaintive; SB; cf. sarahuB. ad.SAR.a = ri-ig-mu sar-[hu] 5R 16 i 23, dupl. Rm. 2,585 (group voc.); ad.SAR.ra.na : ri-gim-suun sar-h[u] their plaintive sound RA 17 121 ii 21. See also epis DUB.(DI) cited sub epi balaggi,and sirhu A in sa sirhi; for a possible variant, see sariru B. the god pertaining to the poplar (is) the Lord-of-the- Zimmern, ZA 31 121. Poplar (is) Nergal CT 25 37:16, cf. dSar-bu-u: dEN sar-be ibid. 36 r. 26, and dupl. ibid. 35 r. 20. sarinnu see zarinnu A and B. sarhu A adj.; 1. fiery, hot, 2. (a hot dish); Bogh., SB, NA; cf. sarahu A. sarip agurri s.; sarapuA. a.izi.[x] = sa-ar-hu-tum, a.izi.zal = la ha-ahha-ju-tum Kagal E Part 2 N. 6200:2 (unpub., courtesy Kramer). im-mu, ju-uh-nu = sa-ar-hu An IX 10f. and LTBA 2 2:102f.; [sa]-ar-hu = mu-i-rum Malku LU sa-rip a-gur-ru for three brickburners brickburner; NB; cf. From the food rations of the year five sa 3 AnOr 9 9 iv 8. V 38. scrip duce s.; tanner who produces colored leather; NA, NB; cf. sarapu B. 1. fiery, hot - a) fiery (said of animals): sise pitdn birki pare sar-hu-ti fast horses, fiery mules TCL 3 50 (Sar.), see (referring to Lt sa-rip KU9.DU8 .I.A (after LU.ASGAB) Bab. 7 pl. 6 (after p. 96) v 17 (NA list of professions). horses) Malku V 38, in lex. section. b) hot (said of water, etc., of body temperature): ana muhhi A.MES sa-ar-[hu-te] upon hot water KAR 220 ii 6, see Ebeling Parfiimrez. p. 29, see Kagal E, in lex. section; ina KI sarhi in a hot place AMT 5,1:17 and 4,1:2; sarhu (referring to fever) ABL 740 r. 10 (NA); ,umma amelu musarsu u res libbisu izi sar-ha ukal if a man's penis and the top of his belly are hot with fever Labat TDP 178:14, also ibid. 134 ii 34, cf. umma sa-ar-ha li'ba danna u zu'tam ma'dam irtanasi ZA 45 208 v 17 (Bogh.), IzI sar-ha li'ba TUK KAR 159 r. 12. a) in NA: 25 UDU MAS.GAL LT sa-rip dus-si-e ADD 1036 v 2, cf. PN LU sa-ripdu8si-e (as a witness) ADD 75 r. 9, wr. [Lr sa-r]ip KUS dug-si-e ADD 216 r. 7, see ARU 517, also LU sa-ripx(RAB) d[ug-si-e] ADD 806 (= 626) r. 4 (delete zarabbu CAD 21 (Z) p. 65); PN LT GAL.50 sd LU sa-rip du8-[ii-e] Ebeling Parfimrez. pl. 30:32, see Ebeling Stiftungen p. 5. b) in NB: ina MAS.GAL sa ina pan LO sa-rip KUS.DUg.SI.A 160 make sa MAS.GAL rabbitu isamma ... lusakilu bring here 160 large kid hides from the kids that are at the disposal of the tanner so that they can tan 2. (a hot dish): 10,000 DUK lu-um-mu §a sar-hi ten thousand small pots with s. Iraq 14 35:117 (Asn.). 110 them BIN 1 26:19 (let.); x sallu PN L 8a-rip DUg.SI.A mahir PN, the tanner, has received x (pieces of) sallu-leather GCCI 1 215:2, cf. oi.uchicago.edu saripu sariru A (in connection with leather objects, see iLhu) LU sa-ri-pi du-Su]-[u1] BIN 1 172:5. The fact that goatskins were given to the sdrip duse tanner indicates that he produced some kind of cordovan leather. See also dusl A and sarapu B. they put gold earrings, of s.-gold, on its (the image's) ears KAR 98 r. 17 (SB lit.). KUB 19 5:9f. (let. of b) alone - 1' in lit.: [aqr]asa-ri-ri ihita ana dMami did he (the rich man) dedicate precious s.-gold to the goddess Mami? Lam- Manapa-Datta), also LIT.MES zi-ri-pu-ti ibid. 14, zi-ri-pu-te ibid. 12. Forrer Forschungen 1 90f., Sommer Ahhijava 348. bert BWL 74:53 (Theodicy); massar buqli sa-ri- saripu s.; dye-marked sheep; Nuzi; cf. sarapu B. 11 kalumu 5 kalimu sa-ri-pu eleven lambs, five dye-marked lambs HSS 16 315:6; x fullgrown sheep ina libbisunu 1 UDU.GAL sa-ri-pu among them one full-grown sheep, dyemarked HSS 13 418:10; 1. (a poetic term for a fine quality of gold) -a) mentioned beside gold: kililsu sa-ri-ri KU.GI Sa liqti its (Ezida's) battlements are s.-gold, (of) gold from nuggets ZA 53 237:8 (NB lit.); ansabta KU.GI sa-ri-riiskunu uznesa saripu (siripu) adj.; (a class of persons); Bogh.*; only masc. pl. attested. [LU].MES za-ri-pu-ti sa-ri-ru = hu-ra-su Malku V 171, cf. sa-ri-ri = [hu-ra-su] An VII 11, also LTBA 2 2:282 and 4 iv 13. 1 immeru sa 1-en si-me sa-ri-pu one sheep dye-marked once(?) HSS 9 101:10, also ibid. 11, cf. Sa 3.TA.AM Sime sa-ri-pu ibid. 12, sa 4-su si-me sa-ri-pu ibid. 13; 6 UDU.MES annitu sa-ri-pu ibid. 14; 2 kalumu SAL [sa]-ri-pu HSS 16 312:4, beside kalimu NITA sa-ri-pu ibid. 5, cf. ibid. 311:15, 315:6, Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 p. 66 No. 915:2, UDU. SAL sa-ri-pu HSS 13 189:3, 311:4ff., and passim; kalumu SAL sa-ri-ip HSS 13 268:5, and note, with Hurrian pl.: naphar 4 UDU.MES sa-ribe-na ibid. 12; 5 kalfmu sa dise ana sa-ri-pu u-x-sar-x they have .... -ed five spring lambs to be dye-marked RA 23 p. 161 No. 77:6. (Oppenheim, JA 1938 654f.) sariru A (or zdriru) s.; 1. (a poetic term for a fine quality of gold), 2. (a star, con- stellation); SB, NB; wr. syll. and (in mng. 2) AN.TA.SUR.RA; cf. sararu B. [an.ta.sur.ra] = sa-ri-ru (between iron and anzahhu-frit) Hh. XI 291; mul.an.ta.sur.ra = sa-ri-ru Hh. XXII 42. Su.si an.ta.sur.ra sa.bi u.me.ni.sub : unqi sa-ri-ri(text -hu) ana libbi idZma place in it (the holy water) a ring of ..- gold 4R 26 No. 7:38f., cf. [... an.ta.sur].ra.kex(KID) : sa-ri-ri (after gold and silver and before precious stones) CT 17 .39:48ff. 111 ra i-[...] he who only keeps watch over the (drying) malt [... ]-s s.-gold (while one who is used to measuring the red (gold) in bushels has to carry [...]) ibid. 80:183. 2' in hist.: katre sa-ri-ri russe sarpi ebbi ... usamhirsunuti he presented them (the gods) with gifts (made) of reddish s.-gold (and of) bright silver Winckler Sar. pl. 39 iii 127, and passim in same context in Sar.; ina [5]0(?). bilat sa-ri-ru russ nabnit Aralli epir sadisu a ana Sipri la patqu (I decorated the divine images) with fifty (or thirty) talents of reddish s.-gold, the product of the nether world, (from) mined ore, not melted down AM (from scraps) for this work Borger Esarh. 88 r. 14, cf. ina sa-ri-ri russ nabnit Aralli epir sadisu ibid. 84 r. 36, also (in similar use) dLahme dKurib sa sa-ri-ri russi ibid. 87:24; sa-ri-ru russu esmaru ebbu nisiqti abni the reddish s.-gold, the shining esmard-silver, the precious stones, (jewels, and royal paraphernalia with which the former kings of Babylonia and even Samas-sum-ukin had bought the Elamite's help) Streck Asb. 50 vi 11, cf. chariots, etc. sa ihziiina sa-ri-ru(var. -ri) zahal whose mountings were of s.-gold (and) zahali-silver ibid. 52 vi 23, also (in broken context) sa-ri-ri Craig ABRT 1 55 i 14; [... ]. MES URU.BAL.TILki eb-ba sa-a-ma K[U.BABBAR ... ] ... [iu-pa-a]h-hir sukuttu sa-ri-r[i ... ] [he filled the temples] of Assur with pure red (gold and) silver, he gathered a treasure of s.-gold [...] AfO 18 44:23 (Tn.-Epic); unuti ... hurbdsa rusas uza'in GIS.MA.TUS.A sa-ri-riu abne I decorated the furnishings (of oi.uchicago.edu sarpi§ sariru B adj.; flatulent (said of a person); lex.*; cf. sardtu. Esagila) with red gold, the processional bark with s.-gold and (precious) stones VAB 4 126 iii 10, itatuSu ... saritu cf. (referring to such a boat) undtusu ... sa-ri-ri uSalbis I drdu-ur-du-urddr = sa-ri-tu Lu IV 250. sarpanitu adj. fem.; Sarpan; from OB on. coated its sides and its appurtenances with s.-gold ibid. 156A v 24, also zardt sa-ri-ri sa-ri-ri ibid. 160 A vii 37; KA.HI.LI.St ... uza'inma ibid. 152 A iii 44, cf. rimu daldti ... sa-ri-ri um-ma (corrupt) [i]s-ruq-si uRu Sar-pa-an [... a-n]a dSar- pa-ni-tum he (Marduk) gave her as a present the town Sarpan, .. .] to the Lady-of- Sarpan K.6794: 3f. ibid. 128 iii 50 (all Nbk.). For the name of the spouse of Marduk, and note the spelling n iniT in the Aramaic Sujin inscrip- 2. (a star, constellation) - a) (a star): see Hh. XXII 42, AN.TA.SUR.RA red in lex. DIS see Deimel Pantheon No. 1326, MUL madi sm if the s.-star is very ACh Istar 25:16, cf. ibid. 13; SUR.RA dUTU [...] b) section; tion line 8, see Donner, AfO 18 390. MUL.AN.TA. Besides the etymology which derives the name of the goddess from the name of an otherwise unattested town Sarpan, there is also the theological explanation dSarpdintum CT 26 41 K.11283:6. (a constellation): [DIS AN.T]A.SUR.RA kakkabanisu [...] adir Thompson Rep. 227:1, cf. ibid. 4; Sa IGI [...] DIS MUL AN.TA.[SUR.RA ... ibid. 246A r. 1. (the goddess) from ] MUL sa kma sumisama banat zeri DN, who, according to her very name, creates progeny The synonym lists and the passages in the historical texts (only from Sar. to Nbk.) indicate that sariru denoted a reddish gold which was used with silver (kaspu, sarpu) or silver alloys (esmardi, zahalu), or combined with precious stones, to decorate images and precious objects. It was used also for the personal jewelry of images, as we know from descriptions of them. Whether the star called sariru derived its name from a specific color cannot be established. K.3371 (joining K.232:22 in Craig ABRT 2 16 and JRAS 1929 10f.). For similar passages Ad mng. 1: Thompson DAC xxxviii and 59; ad mng. 2: Gossmann, SL IV/2 No. 36. a) with baki, "to cry": nangulakuma abakki sar-pis I am dejected and cry bitterly sariru B s.; (mng. uncert.); see zeru s. mng. 4a-1'. sarpi§ adv.; bitterly, grievously, loudly; OB, SB; cf. sarapu A. gu.sir.ra sub.ba.a.zu : rig-me sar-pis ad-diki I called to you (my Lady) loudly ASKT p. 122:12f., dupl. OECT 6 pl. 19:17f., cf. gu.se.ra sub.ba.mu : rig-me sar-pis ad-di-ka OECT 6 pl. 4 K.4926:13f.; s.z6.eb.ba lu.lu: ina'u-a sar-pis dul-lu-hu he is grievously disturbed, (uttering cries of) woe! SBH p. 151 add. to No. 24 r. line 26f. STC 2 pl. 80:65, cf. PBS 1/1 14:13; SB.* BALAG.di = sa-ri-ru (between nas balamgi and munambi wailer) Lu IV 175. Gilgdmes ana Enkidu ibrisu sar-pis ibakkima Gilgames cried bitterly for his friend Enkidu Gilg. IX i 2, cf. ibakki sar-pis Thompson Gilg. pl. 59 me.e u 4 . u s .mi nam.ga.mu.un.lu nam. u s .babbar bi.gub dNannar - ' ga.mu.un.lu me.e sir.raa'rirum bi.gub he (Dumuzi) has multiplied the black ewe(s), K.3200:5 (SB lit.), also Lambert BWL 194 r. 12 (fable); old men and women mounted upon moonlight, he has multiplied I (Istar) .... BE 31 46 i 5f. the white ewe(s), I .... wall of his city 'i-a a-a sar-piS ibakkima petd upndiu usalla bielti bitterly crying woe and oh, praying to me with extended palms the roofs of the houses sar-pis ibakku crying bitterly In both refs. sariruis probably a phonetic variant of sdrihu s., "singer of lamentations," TCL 3 344 (Sar.); kneeling on the Borger Esarh. 103:6. b) with nabt, "to howl": I am crying for my friend Enkidu kima lallariti [a-n]am-ba [sarl-piS howling bitterly like a (hired) female q.v. sariru see sarraru. 112 oi.uchicago.edu sarpu A sarpu A mourner Gilg. VIII ii 3, dupl. STT 15 r. 4, see Gurney, JCS 8 93. 589:7 and 11; exceptionally: 3 MA.NA Ki.GI 7 MA.NA sar-pu Ki.[BABBAR1 Scheil Tn. II r. 8, imis sar-pis cf. sar-pu KI.[... ] ibid. r. 23, beside 10 MA.NA c) with sasu, "to cry out": (var. sar-pis imis) alsa kima Adad asgum KUI.BABBAR (against all their soldiers) I cried out like evil spirits, loudly, and roared like Adad tainers: b) fired (said of earthenware) - OIP 2 44 v 75 (Senn.). d) other occs.: sa-ar-pi-is ma-ah-r[i . .. ] CT 15 5 iii 2 (OB lit.); sar-pis 4-zi-zu (in broken context) Gilg. II iv 4. The Sum. (Emesal) correspondence sa. z .eb.ba connects sarpiS with surup libbi, see surpu, and with sarapuA. sarpu A (fem. sariptu)adj.; 1. refined (said of silver), fired (said of earthenware), 2. silver; from OB on; wr. syll. and (Nu) AL.SE 6.GA (in mng. Ib); cf. sarapu A. gis.gu.za gar.ba Ki.BABBAR gar.ra= MIN (= kussi) sd kar-sc kas-pa (var. sar-pa)uh-hu-zu chair whose knob is mounted with silver Hh. IV 105, var. from a Nineveh text; UD = par-zi-lu, sar-[pu] CT 18 29 i 52f. (group voc.); KU.BABBAR = sa-ar-pu LTBA 2 2:283 and 4 iv 14; [...] = sar-pu (after uqni) An VII 22ff., see also mng. 2a. xK.GI ku.babbar sa 6 .ga.bi za.e.me.en: sd sar-pi hu-ra-si mu-dam-mi-iq-sid-nu at-ta you (fire) are the one that refines gold and silver ASKT p. 79-80:18f.; ku.babbar sig 5 .ginx(GiM) mu.sir.bi hu.um.ta.had : ki-ma sar-pi surru-pi ru-us-su-si lit-tan-bit may his (the sick person's) impurity become as shining as refined silver CT 17 23:182f. 1. refined (said of silver), fired (said of earthenware) - a) refined (said of silver): 10 GIN kaspam sa-ar-pa-am damqam ina kunukkika kunukma ... scbil seal ten shekels of fine, refined silver with your seal and send (it here) CT 29 32:25 (OB let.); x KT. BABBAR sa-ar-pu JCS 13 106 No. 6:1 (OB Harmal); KU.BABBAR sa-ar-[pa-am] TCL 10 125:1, cf. Scheil Sippar 103:1, and BE 6/1 27:1, VAS 9 183:1 (all OB); x Ki.BABBAR sa-ar-pu-um ARM 8 23:2, also ibid. 22:2, 26:2, 31:2, 32:1, 35:2, also, wr. sa-ar-pu ibid. 33:1; KU.BABBAR sar-pa Syria 37 206:14 (Hana); kaspa sa-ar-pa s bila send me refined silver! EA 37:18 (let. from Cyprus); x KU.BABBAR sar-pu HSS 9 115:8, and passim in Nuzi referring to silver as a means of payment; 9 kasatu sa KU.BABBAR sa-ar- bi nine goblets of refined silver ibid. r. 24. HSS 14 113 1' con- ina kasi la sa-rip-tu4 m sati to drink water from an unfired clay cup Surpu III 21, cf. 3 BUR.ZI.GAL.MES sa-ar-pa-te 3 BUR.ZI.GAL.MES la sar-pa-te KAR 178 r. vi 44f. (hemer.); DUG.BUR.ZI (var. GU.ZI, i.e. kasu) la sa-rip-ti Or. NS 24 264 r. 25 (rit.), cf. BUR. ZI.GAL NU.AL.SEg.GA DUG.NiG.DUTR.BUR (= KAR 184 obv.(!) 9. KAR 26 r. 21, also namzitu) NU.AL.SE 6 .GA 2' bricks: 80,000 agurru sa-rip-t[4] GCCI ef. 10,000 agurru sar-ri-ip-ti YOS 6 34:6 (NB). 2 385:1 (NB), 3' other objects: musare IM (var. ti-id-di) sar-pu-ti(vars. -tic, -te) inscriptions on fired clay Borger Esarh. 28:10; kI pi IM.GID sar-pa copied from a fired one-column tablet CT 15 31 r. 18, of. [ki pi im-g]i-id-di sa-ar-pa LIH 97 subscript, also GABA.RI IM.GiD.DA 8a ana pi satdr sar-pa labirim CT 17 50 subscript (all NB colophons). 2. silver - a) in lit.: see ASKT, CT 17, in she must not give to any lex. section; palace official lu hurdsa lu sar-pa u lu abna either gold or silver or a (precious) stone AfO 17 273:34 (MA harem edicts); 1 MA.NA.TA. AM sar-pa LU.MES sa sarra issiuni i[la]qqiu the men who have carried the king take one mina of silver each KAR 135 ii 17, see Muller, MVAG 41/3 12 ii 40 (MA royal rit.). b) in MA econ.: whoever among them breaks the contract 5 MA.NA sar-paihiat pays five minas of silver KAJ 1:26, also ibid. 7:15, but note: KU.BABBAR sar-pa KAJ 4:23, cf. x [MA].NA sar-paiddan AfO 12 pl. 5 No. 2 r. ii 5' (= p. 46), also ibid. line 4'; ammar izbiluni AN. what he has brought NA sar-pa KU.GI (whether it is) tin, silver (or) gold KAV 1 iv 37 (Ass. Code § 30); kisitte qarniunu sa sar-pi the bases of their horns are of silver (parallel Sa hurdsi line 21) AfO 18 302 i 20 (MA inventory), cf. []a hurdsi u sar-pi ibid. 304 ii 4, also Sa sar-pi ibid. 302 i 35, and sar-paqarim ibid. 308 iv 19, 20 and 27; narkabtaattartaszse sar-pa oi.uchicago.edu sarrupuitu sarpu B sarratu see serretu A. u ude a chariot, an attartu-chariot,horses, silver and utensils (which I gave to the *sarrihu (fem. sarrihtu) adj.; sparkling; SB*; cf. sarahu C. i-ma-a[s-ra]-ha-at Es-dar sa-ar-ri-ih-tim upon the luminous sign (given by) the starlike sparkling Istar RA 16 163:32 (lit.), see physician) KBo 1 10 r. 39 (let.); note the exceptional occ. in EA: u hurasa u sar-pa sa sarru belija iddinannigabba PN iliqqi PN has taken all the gold and the silver which the king, my lord, has given me EA 161:44 (let. of Aziri). c) in hist.: kadre sariri russe sar-pi(var. -pu) ebbi gifts of reddish sariru-gold (and) Poebel, AS 14 24. sarriru see sarraru. shining silver Winckler Sar. pl. 39 iii 127, also ibid. pl. 24 No. 51:8. sarritu adj.; spreading, proliferating, of rank growth; MB*; cf. surrusu. In MA sarpu was used to designate silver, which, however, does not allow us to read KU.BABBAR simply sarpu, as von Soden, Or. may Lady Gula cause a proliferating disease dGula beltum sar-ri-sd simma liseldsuma to appear on him BBSt. No. 11 iii 10, cf. [dGula NS 26 131 n. 2, suggests, because a syllabic spelling of kaspu is attested in KAJ 6:23, and belet] ii on account of the passage KAJ 4:23 cited sub kala beleti sa-ar-ri-sa simma lazza la te-e-ba ina zumrisu liskunma MDP 2 pl. 23 vii 18 (all mng. 2b. sarpu B adj.; 1. tanned and dyed (leather), 2. colored, red; SB, NB; cf. sarapu B. 1. tanned and dyed (leather): 9 KUS UDU.NITA.MES S~kulftu [ina] libbi 5 sar-pu-ui- kudurrus). In spite of the unusual position, preceding the substantive which is followed by another adjective, sarrisu must be taken as an adjective referring to simmu. tu nine steeped sheepskins, among them five tanned and dyed ones YOS 3 195:5 (NB), cf. sarru A adj.; flowing, leaking; SB*; cf. sararu A. KUS.TAB.BA sar-pu ibid. 7. 2. colored, red: summa p[in]du sa-ar-pu- [su-u]r suB = .a-ar-rum leaking A 111/6:91. ti kal pagrisu mald if he is covered with red carbuncles over his entire body BRM 4 23:11 (physiogn.), cf. Kraus Texte 38a r. 15. **sarrapu duse. sa-ar-ri-a simma lazza liseldsuma MDP 4 pl. 16 ii 2, also dGula biltu surbutu etellet a.sur.ra dEn.ki.kex(KID) sag.bi in. g .g . [x] : sa ana me sar-ru-ti sa dEa i'irru who walks against the flowing waters of Ea CT 17 34:23f. (Bezold Glossar 240a) see sdrip sarru B adj.; flashing; SB*; cf. sararuB. ina libbi kakkabdni same la maniti namru[ti sarraru (sarriruor sariru) adj.; frightening(?); OB, SB. samhat nabnissu sa-ri-ir (var. [sa-a]r-ra-ra) nisi inisu his (Marduk's) stature is exuberant, his eyes, when they look, are frightening(?) mushu si-na-ti sa-ri-ru-um rua-at [...] - muShussu-dragon (armed) with JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. teeth, frightening(?) .... 8 v 11 (OB lit.). sar-h]u-ti sar-ru-ti ... MUL ... [lil]sumamma may one star from among the innumerable, brilliant, twinkling, flashing stars of heaven shoot down STT 73:97, see JNES 19 34; sarru-ti sd bi-ir-su sak-nu ad-su MUL.ME ni-bu-ti En. el. I 87; x [x] flashing (means) which have a birsulight [said] with respect to shining stars CT The OB ref. may possibly be interpreted 41 45 Rm. 855:9 (astrol. comm.). sarru see serru A. as sarirum(for sriram)ru'at [...], "dribbling [. . .]-venom," and connected with sardru A. sarru (false) see sarru. The En. el. reference may be linked to sardru B in the sense of "flashing." sarrupu see surrupu. sarragtu see zarragtu. cf. sarapuA. 114 sarrupitu s.; refining (procedure); OA*; oi.uchicago.edu sarfi sarsartu asSumi 1 MA.NA 6 GIN KU.BABBAR sa-rupu-tdm sa ilqiuni as to the x silver (subject to later) refining which they have received CCT 3 41a:5, cf. (first take the oath, both of you) u sa-ru-pu-tdm liqia and (only) then take the (silver subject to) refining ibid. 16; muta kaspi [...] sa sa-ru-pu-tim the loss of silver [... due] to refining CCT 4 50a:30, cf. sa-ru-pu-tim (in broken context) ibid. line 24. sarsartu syn. list.* s.; (a synonym for "forest"); mdmit ina sar-sa-rime satI the oath (sworn by) drinking water from a s.-jar Surpu III 62; me sar-sa-ri tasseqisunu DUG massitu sa 10 SILA me sar-sa-ri tumtalli tattannasunu you have given them water to drink from a s.-jar, you have filled a drinking cup of one seah capacity with water from the s.-jar, and given it to them (saying, "If you drink of this water, you will be mindful of this oath that I made you take to Esarhaddon") Craig ABRT 1 24 r. i 2 and 4 (oracles to Esarh.). sar-sar-tum = qi-is-tum CT 18 4 r. iv 17. sarsaru C See also sarsaru D. mus.sag.kala, mus.eme.si.il.la.= sar-sa-ru Hh. XIV 29 f. sarsaru A (sdsiru) s.; cricket; SB, NB. = sar-sa.ka).na buru5 .balag.ga(var. ru(var. -ri) Hh. XIV 244; buru s .za.pa.ag(var. bur u.zum. g) = sa-si-ru (var. sar-sa-ru), bur u. za.pa.ag.tir.ra = MIN qis-te (var. qil-te) Hh. XIV 236ab. u-ri-inDAG.KISIM 5 xI.GfR = sa-si-ru (same sign with the readings kisim = sihu, zibin = nappillu, Sarin = isid bukannu) Hh. XIV 247; su-ru-un s.; (a snake); lex.* The Sum. terms can be translated "important, noble snake" and "snake with forked tongue." See discussion sub sarsaruA. Landsberger Fauna p. 63. sarsaru D syn. list.* s.; (a synonym for "forest"); sar-sa-ru(var. -ri) = qi-is-tum Malku II 162. DAG.KISIM 5X NE = sa-si-ru (between DAG.KISIM5 with See also sarsartu. inscribed GfR, KAD, and BALAG, with the equivalents jshu, nappillu, isid bukannu) Ea IV 63, for forerunners see Landsberger, MSL 2 111. sa-si-ru = sar-sa-ru Landsberger Fauna 42:73 (= Uruanna). sarsaru see zarzaru. sarsa'tu s.; (mng.unkn.); lex.* za-al NI = sa-ar-sa-'-t[um] A II/1 iii 6'. a) in gen.: summa sa-si-ruina URU x [... ] (afflicted with intestinal sargu adj.; trouble); OB lex.*; cf. surrusu. if crickets [...] in a city K.6429+ in Bezold Cat. p. 786 (SB Alu); summa sa-si-raIGI if he sees a cricket (in the street) K.2244:10, see AfO 18 75 n. 35. 16.ze.a.ri.ri = sa-ar-s[um] man .... gall bladder = s. OB Lu A 354. in (his) Dar. 531:18, VAS 6 88:13; uncertain: Sa-ansu-ru ADD 22:4 (NA). The entries preceding sarsu all refer to diseased persons: 'a libbasu emru, a libbasu marsu, sa irrisu sabulu. The identification is based on the interpretation of bur u. z a.p a. ag as "noise (making) sar'u s.; snake; syn. list*; foreign word; cf. seru B. b) as a personal name (NB only): Sa-si-ru locust" (for za.pa.g = rig-mu see Nabnitu sa-ar-t = se-[ru] Malku V 53. B 205) and of buru,.balag.ga.na as "harp of the field(?)," and is confirmed by the Akk. loan word in Syriac sesrd Brockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 p. 636a (gryllus) and sarsora ibid. 639b (genus locustarum). The god name dSar-sa-ru-um MVAG 21 33 r. 16 (excerpt of a list of gods) may Sar'u seems to be an existing or reconstructed WSem. form for Akk. sru, as is suggested by the citation of WSem. forms in refer to this word or possibly to sarsaru C. Landsberger Fauna 54. sarf s.; (a part of the date palm); lex.* [gii.x].x.gisimmar = sa-ru-4 Nabnitu XXII 211. Landsberger Fauna 124, MSL 2 113. Reading with s established from the context, since in this section of Nabnitu are sarsaru B s.; (a container for water storage); SB, NA.* 8* this tablet, e.g., sa'nu= senu Malku V 35. 115 oi.uchicago.edu sard satu listed words with s, see, e.g., seru A, "back." Not to be connected with the adj. zar. sarfi 2' wr. sasuntu: u sa-su-un-ti (used as a salve) KAR 202 r. iii 38, cf. KAR 193:6, 202 ii 49, 207:9, U sa-su-[un(?)]-tum AMT 22,2:14, cf. also BE 31 56:33, AMT 55,2:8, TCL 6 34 r. i 2, sa(text sd)-su-un-ti KAR 157:41; note (as a fumigant, among 7 T.MES qutdru) AMT 78,10:2. see zaru. sassaru see zarzaru. sassu see saltu. 3' *sasaru v.; (mng.unkn.); SB.* [seg,9 eg 9 .ba]r mi.ni.in.lu.ug : atudu sappari is-sa-as-ru-su the wild boars ... .-ed him CT 13 37:6 (SB lit.). him repeatedly with (a salve containing) musu-stone, s.-plant (and) pig bones KAR b) parts of the plant: NuMUN (text: Mu) sa-<<sa>-su-um-tu esmet ameluti ina samni tapassassu you anoint him with s.-seed (and) sasumtu (sasuntu,sasu'tu) s.; (a medicinal plant); SB; cf. asusimtu. d -mi is-pi-zir : v sa-su-un-td, t sa-su-un-td : bi-bir-ru Kocher Pflanzenkunde 11 ii 62f., also (followed by asusitu ANSE) CT 14 24 r.(!) ii 6'; d-pi-zir : sa-su-un-td Kocher Pflanzenkunde 11 i 12, cf. (preceding the upi(n)zir section) [F a-su-si-tl, i sasu-um-tui, r sa-su-'-td (left col. broken) CT 14 28 K.4345+: 1'ff.; u sa-su-um-tu : AS qaqqadaribi salnmi Uruanna III 98; cGI sa-su-un-td : AS sarat Ug la petiti K6cher Pflanzenkunde 12 ii 20, parallel CT 14 10 ii 5', and dupl. RA 17 181 Sm. 1701 ii 3'; [ Admi] sa-ma-ni : u sa-su-un-td Kocher Pflanzenkunde 11 i 3. 1' wr. sasumtu: sa-su-um- "human bones" in oil KAR 205:12; igid U sa-s[u-un-ti] (worn in a phylactery) AMT 29,1:2; f sa-su-un-ti arqissu fresh s. AMT 88,2:7. The form r sz(!)-si(!)-im-ti lel occurrences with asusimtu and its variant asustu suggest that these plant names are related. For med. use, see Thompson DAB 277. sasuntu see sasumtu. sasu'tu see sasumtu. herbs) to drink in beer, you apply (it) as a sateru see zateru. salve in oil, and he will get well AMT 88,2 r. 9, cf. KAR 208:22, AMT 2,1:20, also u sa-suum-tu KAR 201:21; u sa-su-um-ti : sammi himit seti : ina sikari resti saqi ina amni pasasu medication against himit seti to give to drink in first draught beer, to apply as a salve in oil KAR 203 i-iii 49, cf. u sa-su-um: T.NIM.NIM : SU.BI.AS.AM samni pasdsu) (= SCku ina ibid. iv-vi 19, also u sa-su- um-tu (var. sa-su-un-tu) : sammi ast medication against the asg-disease ibid. iv-vi 3, var. from CT 14 29 K.4566:25; note, in magical use: iu sa-su-um-ti (one of 51 vr usburruda herbs against sorcery) KMI 50 iii 6, (in sa.zi.ga-rituals) AMT 73,2:4, (as one of 7 qutri sa SV.[GIDIM.MA] seven fumigants against "hand-of-a-ghost") AMT 99,3:14, cf. also AMT 97,6:12ff., Labat, Sem. 3 17 ii 8, ADD 1042:5. 116 Kichler Beitr. pl. 19 iv 31 (coll.) and the variants and paral- ti ... ina sikari tasaqqsu ina samni tapasl Sassuma iballut you give him s. (and other ti NA 4 mu-su uT sa-su-tiz 196 r. i 43. sasiru see sarsaruA. a) in gen. - wr. sasu(')tu: esmet sahi ina samni taptanassassu you salve satu (sidtu) s. pl. tantum; 1. distant time, far-off days, 2. explanatory word list (commentary based on traditional interpretations, lit. excerpted words); from OB on; wr. syll. and vL (U4 .UL.DU.A in mng. 2); cf. ads, sidtias. ba-ar BAR = si-a-t[i]-as,si-a-[tum(?)] A 1/6:190f.; ba-ar BAR = ar-ka-[td], ah-ru-t[4],ah-ra-td, uh-hu-ru, ri-qa-a-td,sa-a-td A I/6: 194ff.; ul. dui. a = si-a-tum OBGT XI v 14; [u 41.u[l.du.a] = sa-a-tu (between [...] = labiru original (tablet), and [nam].dub. s[ar] = tupsarritu scribal art) Igituh I 46; [nig.z]i.gal.edin.na, [x al].dug 4 .ga = sa-[ala-tz commentary Igituh I 50f., restored from NfG.ZI.GAL.EDIN.NA INIM.BAL.E.Di] U EMESAL.MES to interpret the (voices? of) wild animals and (to know) various languages KAR 44 r. 14, cf. nig.zi. gal.edin.na, UD.ul.dd.a, ul = MIN (i.e., a-si-ta from the previous line, error for sa-a-tu) Nabnitu M 262ff.; ki.in.gi = u-me-ru, sa-a-t[um], ma-a-tum Lanu App. 2ff. oi.uchicago.edu satu satu alan.bi u4.ul.li.a.as (var. u4.ul.du.a.se) u.me.ni.ib.dim.[ma] : salamsu a-na UD-me sa-ati ibann[u] (the king who) builds a statue of himself (so as) to (be remembered) in the future Lugale XI 14; me.zu u 4 .ul.du.a. se u.ha.ra. an.du .du 7 : parikaana UD-mu [sa]-a-tilistaklilu may your rites be fully performed forever CT 13 38 r. 12 (SB lit.); suhus gis.gu.za.bi hur.sag. ginx(GIM) u 4 .ul.dui.a.se h.ri.ib.gi 4 : irdi kusS sisu kima likin ana uD-me sa-a-td may the base of his throne be as firm as a mountain forever PBS 12/1 7:20f., cf. OECT 6 pl. 17 Rm. 97 r. 2f., also u 4 .ul.li(var. di).a. s : ana u 4 -um sa-a-ti Angim IV 42, from KAR 18 r. 7, var. from MVAG 8/5 pl. 8 K.4829 r. 11; dInnin ul.li a.zu un.ra me.en : d ltar sd sa-te asdt kissat nise anaku I, Istar, am from days of old, the lady-physician for all mankind KAR 100 ii 12; nig u 4 .ul.li.a.ta sig 4 fI.babbar.ra ba.dim.ma.ta ... lugal. na.me ... nu.mu.na.ta.an.dui.m : sa is-tu u 4 -um si-a-tim istu 5G14 E.BABBAR ibbaniu ... sarrum mamman ... la zpususumma what no king had built for him (Samas) since the days of old, since Ebabbar was built YOS 9 37 ii 49 (Sum.) = CT 37 3 ii 54 (Akk., Samsuiluna), and dupls., see RA 39 8, cf. u 4 .ul.li.a.ta lugal lugal.e.ne.er ba.ra.an.dim.ma dUtu lugal.ga gal.bi hu. mu.na.du : sa is-tu UD-um si-a-tim jarrum in sarri la ibniu ana Samas belija rabis lu epussum I built in the grand manner for Samas, my lord, that which no king among (former) kings had ever constructed LIH No. 58 ii 36 (Sum.) = ibid. No. 57 ii 40 (Akk., Hammurapi). hu-ur-ri = ana si-a-tim forever An VIII 56; istu ulldnu = is-tu sa-a-ti from days of old Malku III 157. shall establish your nature forever! KAR 1 r. 19 (Descent of Istar); ahratas nisi labaris ume lisesma (var. lissima) la uktalli liriq ana sa-a-ta(var. -ti) may she (Tiamat) depart and not be held back until the time of future people, until time grows old, may she go far off forever sadi GUR SE.NUMUN ... ana PN kima libnat until distant days VAB 4 64 iii 46 (Nabopolassar), cf. a-na sa-a-tim ibid. 190 No. 23 ii 17 (Nbk.), and passim, but aoLa0 AfO 5 pl. 8 No. 2:5 and see ibid. p. 13; sa ultu ddriti [...] ana epgsi LT.KUR ina ber[isunu a-n]a sa-a-di u adu kul (an agreement) which from days of old [... not] to have enmity between them forever and ever KBo 1 7:13 (treaty), cf. a-di sa-[a-tu] (in broken context) KUB 3 84 r. 11, a-di sa-a-ti MRS 9 52 RS 17.369A:19', cf. a-di sa-ti (in broken context) AOB 1 54:28 (Arikden-ili). 2' qualifying a preceding noun: abuka u andku ... [an]a ahhe ... [8a] UD.1.KAM ul niti r ul ahhita u atteruta Sa sa-a-ti nipus your father and I did not become allies for (just) a day, did we not (rather) form an alliance and friendship which (should last) 1. distant time, far-off days - a) with ref. to the future - 1' with ana and adi: 20 En. el. VII 134; Etemenanki kunna as-si-a-tim iSid kussija sursid ana um reqiitim even as the bricks of Etemenanki are established forever, so may you make the fundament of my throne firm ardisu imsuhma a-na sa-ti i-ri-en-su he measured out to his subject, PN, (a field requiring) twenty gur of barley seed (for sowing) and forever? KBo 1 10:8 (let. from Hattusa); tems mennu dard du-ru-us sa-a-ti (Nineveh) the enduring foundation, a basis (which will last) forever OIP 2 94:64 and 103:27 (Senn.); zeru Sa tamirti GN bani u me-e sa-a-tim the field in the GN commons is fine and (there is a) perennial water (supply) BIN 1 76:11 (NB let.). granted it to him in perpetuity BBSt. No. 8 i 13 (NB), cf. matima ana sa-a-ti ana 7mi riqgiti MDP 2 pl. 22 iii 55 (MB); sa Assur 3' in ana sdt(i) jum and adi sadt umi: ili rabitu mala ina nari anni sumsunu zakru u Samas qurdizsnu usapa ana sa-a-te I made the mighty deeds of Assur and Samas famous for all time 3R 7 i 49 (Shalm. III); Ekur lumessil Ehulhul lumbi zikirsu ana sa-a-ti I shall make a replica of (the temple) Ekur, I shall call its name, (which will last) forever, ... simat la natdli sakak uzni u sibit pi a-na sa-a-at UD-mi lisimuSu may all the great gods whose names are mentioned on this stela appoint him the fate of not (being able) to see, deafness, and dumbness, forever MDP 2 BHT pi. 6 ii 7 (Nbn. Verse Account); pl. 23 vii 39 (MB), cf. also ana sa-at uime BBSt. No. 34:6 (NB); ina bit hamri Sa dAdad s'mti la mae luszmka luszmkama slmti la mae ana sa-a-ti I shall establish your nature (lit. an unforgettable fate) forever, (yes) I blija a-na sa-at UD.MES akun I deposited (precious stones) in the sacred precinct of Adad, my lord, (to remain there) forever Ehulhul 117 oi.uchicago.edu satu satu AKA 101:16 (Tigl. I), and passim in Tigl. I and Esarh.; pald sa sarri mar sarri a-na sa-a-ti Assur-ban-apli andku Nabu a-di sa-at UD-me I, Nabui, have appointed you, Assurbanipal, UD-me 4-ka-a-nu (the gods) will establish the reign of the king (and) of the crown prince forever Craig ABRT 1 5:7 (= Streck Asb. 344). forever ABL 1370 r. 9, cf. also ana sa-at uime ABL 65 r. 21 and 371:17 (all NA), cf. ana sa-at ume RA 18 31 r. 10 (SB from Assur); note with see YOS 9, LIH, Malku, in lex. section. nisi: ana si-a-at ni-si na-PI-tam usziz I set up a .... for (the benefit of) future generations RA 11 92 i 22 (OB royal). 4' in ana (adi) mi sdti (sidti): GAN su 4-a-tu ana UD(?) sa-a-ti lu uter I returned that field for all time CT 32 2 iv 25 (OB Cruc. Mon. Manistusu); s mat sulum Jangltija ... nig pal ja ina pisu kabti a-na UD-um sa-a-a-ti (var. sa-ti) rabis littasqar may (Assur) solemnly decree for all future time, by his potent command, success for me as high priest (and) happiness for my reign KAH 1 13 r. iv 34 (Shalm. I), and passim in this formulation in Tn., Assur-res-isi I, Tigl. I, Samsi-Adad V, Adn. III, Sar., Esarh., and Nbn.; andku annanna rubi aradkunu ina mahar ilctika rabiti ana uv-me sa-a-ti suma tabis li nabdku may I, so-and-so, the ruler (who am) your devotee, be mentioned by name favorably in your great divine presence for all time Craig ABRT 2 13:14 (SB rel.); matima a-na UD-um sa-a-ti ana labar im whenever, until far into the future, (and) to the end of time MDP 6 pl. 9 iii 25 (NB), and passim in kudurrus and in NB leg., esp. in the Seleucid period; note, wr. ana u 4 -mu UL TuM 2-3 211:24 and 28; ana matZma ana labar iumi a-na UD-um si-a-tim ana cmi sa uhhuru kimah: ham anniam limurma la usassak if ever, till the end of time, till far into the future, in days to come, anyone finds this grave, let him not treat (it) irreverently YOS 9 83:3 (NB tomb b) with ref. to the past - 1' with istu: 2' qualifying a preceding noun: u 4 dEn. lil.le ... Zimbirki uru.ul ki.pes 6 .a.ni bad.bi du.u.de... bi.in.dull.ga.a : inu Enlil ... Sippar unu si-a-tim mdhazu dirsa epesam ... iqbiu when Enlil commanded the building of the wall of Sippar, the eternal city, the (religious) center YOS 9 37 i8 (Sum.) = CT 37 i 9 (Akk., Samsuiluna), see RA 39 6, cf. Sa Sippar URU sa-a-ti Gossmann Era IV 50, also KAR 109:9, also dli sa-a-ti RA 29 98:4; piri' Assur suquru zer sarruti ki-sit-ti sa-[al-[ti] precious scion of Assur, of royal descent, of ancient stock Borger Esarh. 32:17, cf. ki-sit-ti sa-a-ti sa durugsu BAL.TILki of ancient stock, whose very extraction is of the city of Assur ibid. 81:49, also u 4 . ul.du.a u 4 .ul.du.a. kex(KID) : ki-si-it-ti sa-a-ti ancient stock (in broken context) JRAS 1932 35:20 (SB). 3' in istu (ultu) umi sidti (sdti or sat): Ja is-tu uD-um sa-at alam Mari ilum ibnu sarrum mamman uasib Mari ti'amtam la iksudu as to the fact that no king residing at Mari had (ever) reached the sea ever since the days of yore when the god (i.e., Dagan) built Mari Syria 32 5 i 34, sarrum cf. sa is-tu u 4 -um si-a-tim Jumsu alam la ipusu where no king had ever founded a city RA 33 50 ii 12 (both Jahdunlim); Sa is-tu UD.MES sa-a-ti LUGAL ina LUGAL la ibnu ... Ebabbara ... epus I (re)constructed Ebabbara, which none of the kings had built up since the days of yore VAB 4 264 i 34 (Nbn.), for the similar formulation in OB mat Sarausmat Ammauj inscr.), see OLZ 1938 427 n. 2; a-na UD-me S.a- royal, see lex. section; a-ti ana dAsur zaku (the field) is free forever (from duty except for the obligation due) to Assur (see zaki mng. 2c-4') ADD 809 r. 5; isdi kuss sarritika kima sipik sadi lisarsidu a-na uD-me sa-a-ti may (the gods) establish the foundations of your royal throne like a sa is-tu vu-um sa-a-te kandsa la idd klma til abibe ashup I overcame the lands of GN and GN 2 , which had never known before (what it means) to submit, (making them) like ruin- mountain massif forever ABL 1285:10 (NA), and passim in benedictions in NA and NB letters; mdti u sadi for bil. refs., see lex. section; with adi: adi v-umrn sa-a-ti 1R 70 iv 25, a[p-taq-dak]-ka of the gods, to whom Marduk, the foremost of the gods, has given from olden times the 118 hills left by the flood AKA 56 iii 74 (Tigl. I); Asjur abu ill ... sa ul-tu uD-um sa-a-ti ill ... Ja kibrdt arba'i ana sutuqquriu isruku illil ill Mardulk Assur, the father oi.uchicago.edu satu sebu gods of (low)land and highland from the four quarters (of the world) that they might ever is a big one" (i.e., on Izbu X) Izbu Comm W. 365; U 4.UL.DV.A sa umma lah[ru nsa] ulidma word list on "If a ewe gives birth to a honor him TCL 3 315 (Sar.), cf. ultu UD-mu sa-a-ti VAB 4 218 i 9 (Nbn.); ul ibsi ... mamma sa ul-tu UD-um s8a-at ad-la (for lion" (i.e., on Izbu V) Izbu Comm. 230, and passim in this text; sa-a-tueaaumma amelu ina GIs.GiR(text GAN).GUB tamli a[sib] MU.MES sadilta) ibbiru tdmta there is nobody who since olden times might have crossed the vast sea Gilg. X ii 22. 2. explanatory word list (commentary based on traditional interpretations, lit. in gen.: annd excerpted words) - a) U 4 .UL.DU.A u [Ut pi ... ] this is an explanatory word list and comments STC 2 pl. 58:12 (subscript to NB comm. to En. el.), cf. sa-a-td (subscript of a comm.) RA 13 137 r. 4; sa-a-ti himmdt summ u misarZ word lists, collections of laws, and statutes BBR No. 3:15; summa ina sa-a-ti sumsu ana panika BAL end BAL nabalkutu if you have at your disposal (a reference to) its (i.e., the omen's) line in a glossary, (you will see there the equations) BAL = end, BAL = nabalkutu CT 31 40 r. iii 12, cf. ibid. 12 ii 21, also sum-<ma> ina sa-a-tum sumsu ana panika GI salamu GI lapdtu TCL 6 5 r. 32; ITI.NE ITI Sutu NE sudtu ina sa-a-ti qabi-ITI.NE (usually the month of Ab means) "this month," in the word list it is said that NE equals sudtu ACh Sin 3:50, cf. illurgisdild ad-du ina sa-a-ti MU.NI qabi CT 28 48:4, and dupl. ibid. 46:16 (SB ext.); sarru liqbi sitta ligindte sa sa-a-te li-is-sur-ru sitta sa bdrdte liskun may the king order excerpts of the two small tablets containing commentaries to be prepared (and) may he (also) make available the two (tablets) on divination MES-tim ina libbi ul als[i] summa amelu ina Subtiu igdanallu[t] sa-a-tum TA libbu NU zI[ha] (this is) an explanatory list on "If a man sits on an inlaid(?) stool," of which I was unable to read many lines-(as for) "If a man always gives a start in his dwelling," no explanatory list has been excerpted from it CT 41 33 r. 21ff. (Alu Comm.); UD AN EN.LIL ES.KAR DINGIR.MES a-di sa-a-ti-sc "When Anu, Enlil," the series of the gods, together with an explanatory word list on it RA 28 136 Rm. 150:11' (catalog); iqqur zpus adi BAR. the series MES sa-a-tu mukallimtu [...] iqqur pus, together with the non-canonical (omens), the explanatory word list and the running commentary ibid. 14', cf. sa-a-ti u Sut pi sa summa manzazu arik explanatory word list and traditional (interpretations) for the (tablet beginning with) "if the 'station' is long" TCL 6 6 r. i 8, sa-a-tu u [sul-ut pi sa Summa marsu rit- <ta-,Su> GCCI 2 406:11, see Labat TDP 88:1; [sa]-[al-tcu sit pi mas-a-aal-tu LU ummdnu Sa a-S[is ... ] Lambert BWL p. 88 colophon of Theodicy Comm.; note: UL u sit ITI.BARA UD.10.KAM UD.DA.KAM pi SA.BAL.BAL BRM 4 20:78, see Ungnad, AfO 14 260; for additional refs., see Falkenstein, LKU p. 3 to No. 4 line 19. G. Meier, AfO 12 237; von Soden, ZA 44 303. ABL 722 r. 3 (NA). b) with titles of particular series or tablets of series: s.amna ina me natdlu piristi dAnim dEnlil u dE[a] dsKI s-a--ti UD AN dEN.LIL u A.RA-a sutdbulu to observe oil on water, the occult lore of Anu, Enlil and Ea, together with the traditional explanations, to make computations based on (the series), "When Anu, Enlil," and the ephemerids BBR No. 24:18, and dupl. K.3357, cf. NU DAM KUR bdrati sd KI sa-a-ti ibid. No. 1:9; sa-a-tum sa summa izbu [IG-S 11-ma rabiat word list on "If the fetus has (only) one eye and (this) 119 Ungnad, AfO 14 273; **si'u (Bezold Glossar 232a) see nesd. sa'upu see suppu. sebu (sabd) v.; to wish, desire, need; SB, NB, LB; I isabbi, I/2 is-si-(e-)bi, II (lex. only); sab Lambert BWL 82:218 (SB); cf. sabidtu, sibitu A, sibitu A in awZl sibuti, sibitu A in bil sibiti, tasbitu. du-ub DUB = se-bu-4 A 111/5:5, also Idu II 42; duubnuB - se-bu-, biNE- [su]-ub-bu-, [sa].dub = se= [MIN d l]ib-bi Antagal I i 18'-20'; s.dub bu-u Nabnitu I 327; [si] = [se-bu-1 = (Hitt.) [mulga-a-u-[wa-ar] to pray( ?) Izi Bogh. A 197. oi.uchicago.edu sebf seheru a) in lit.: sa kasap eqli la se-bu-u eqil mihir eqli agar panuunu aknu addinsunuti I gave to those who did not want (to take) silver for the(ir) fields, a field corresponding (in size) to the(ir) field in locations of their choosing Lyon Sar. 8:52; resi na-as-su basi sa-bu-u-su (var. sa-bu-si) he is honored, there is need for him(?) (Theodicy). Lambert BWL 82:218 cf. also BRM 2 56:18, ina umu ... sa PN se-bu-l BRM 2 33:14 and 16, VAS 15 35:9, ZA 3 150f. No. 13:10; note [ina imu sa] PN i-se-bu-l VAS 4 76:9; situ asar se-ba-tu-ni inna' give the lease (on the field) to whomever (lit. wherever) you (pl.) wish TCL 13 182:9. d) in NB letters - 1' with stative: ki sarru beldIkal sa PN ina GN se-bu-u if the king, my lord, wishes the arrest of PN in b) in LB royal: DN li-bi-i-su is-si-e-bi it was the pleasure of Ahuramazda Herzfeld API pl. XIII No. 15:22 (Xerxes Pf), cf. [... is(?)s]e-bi MDP 21 p. 77 No. 22:5'; sa andku Nineveh ABL 792 r. 16, cf. ki Jarrubeld hardsu Sa dibbi ag se-bu-u ABL 266 r. 10; mimma Sa a-qab-ba-ds-si-na-a-ti ip-pu-us-sd-' libb sa anaku se-ba-a-ka what I command them they carry out just as I desire VAB 3 91 § se-bu-u CT 22 208:19, cf. ki uttata belu se-bu-u ibid. 200:22; Elamtu nadanu sa Nabi-bel- 4:24 (Dar. Na). extradite PN to Assyria ABL 792:14; ki rubbusu ina mati se-ba-tu-nu ... su-pur-ra- Sarru se-bu-u whatever the king wishes ABL 928 r. 12, ki PN se-bu-u ABL 571 r. 14, ki belu sumdte ana Assur se-bu-u c) in NB legal - 1' in hendiadys: ul i-sab-bi-ma PN ana kaspi ul inandin u ana ardi ul i-hir-ri PN (declares that he) does not intend to sell (the slave girl dedicated to the Lady of Uruk) nor to marry her to a slave YOS 7 66:18; PN ul is-si-bi-e-ma nish ... ul inassahi PN (declares that he) does not intend to deduct anything (from the promised Elam wishes to su-ma if you wish to raise him (to kingship) in the land, send him (to the king of Assyria) ABL 576:18, cf. mimma mala se(!)-ba-a-ta ABL 815 r. 21; ki kabsu s'a hitisu Sarru ... la se-bu-ul if the king does not wish to pardon his sins ABL 791 r. 9, cf. ibid. r. 7; PN ... subsistence) Nbn. 113:8. 2' other occs.: mulle ki sa qzipni a Eanna se-bu-u undalli they will pay any compensation the officials of Eanna demand TCL 13 ul se-bu-u ibid. r. 7. 221:19; king's service ABL 283:14 and 793:16. ana ilani sa se-bu- fPN u fPN 2 [uzak]ku he may dedicate fPN and (her daughter) fPN2 to any god he wishes TuM 2-3 20:9; zera ... mussira' asar se-ba-ka anandin release the field to me, I will dispose of it as I wish PBS 2/1 137:5; pt ahames ana eteri nasu asar PN se-bu-i innettir they are mutually responsible for payment, PN will be paid where he wishes ul- mu-ic Ja mati anapa-an sarribelija ul se-bi PN does not want to swing(?) the land to the II king, my lord ABL 774 r. 3, cf. sabdti Sa vu 2' other occs.: enna arditiSa Sarri as-si-bi I hereby request (permission to enter) the sebu s.; (a profession); OB Elam.* IGI PN si-bi-i MDP 24 383:19. UET 4 49:23, also 48:21; asarse-ba-a-tu tallak she (the divorced wife) may go wherever she wishes Strassmaier Liverpool 8:13; imu mala PN se-bu-i isqeti suati ina li'i Sa isqeti a ina bit ilani ina sumisu uSallim whenever PN (the buyer) wishes, he may enter(?) these prebends (duly) under his name in the list of prebends which is (deposited) in the temple Moore Michigan Coll. 91:18, also VAS 15 26:17, also imu mala fPN se-ba-at (in same context) VAS 15 11:21, seheru (saharu) v.; 1. to become small (in size or quantity), to become few, to be young, to be a minor, to count as a credit, to appear as a credit, to be pressed, at a loss, 2. suhhuru to make smaller, to reduce (in size or number), to break up small, to reduce a credit by entering a debit against it, to debit; from OA, OB on; I ishir-isehhir, 1/2, 1/3, II, 11/2, note i-sa-he-ir RA 35 58 No. 12a:3 (Mari), ji-sa-hi-ra-am EA 136:25, i-sa-ah-hir ABL 629:18 (NA), i-sa-hir CT 38 3:55 (SB), 4-si-hi-ir YOS 10 23:8, 25 r. 55 (OB); wr. syll. and TUR (note AL.TUR CT 40 10 i 20, KAR 212 r. iv 32, 403:12), also TUR.TUR for 1/3 BRM 4 22:4 and 120 oi.uchicago.edu seheru seheru 6, Kraus Texte 9a:15, for pl. subject CT 27 49 K.4031:4; cf. mesheris, mesheriitu, sahartus., sahharuA, sehheru,sihhirtu,sihhiru,sihhirutu, sihru adj., sihru A and B, suhartu, suharu, suhhuru, suhirtu, suhretu, suhru, suhurtu. u 4 .tur.ra.zu.ta nam.sul.la.[zu.s] e.dub. ba.a i.ti.li. [en] : ultu um se-he-ri-ka adi metliu [tika] ina bit tuppi you have been sitting in the college from your childhood to your manhood KAR 111 i and ii 5. a.ki~s. a.sa.ga ... sa KA.KES.da .a bi.ib.tur.re : mdnah eqli ... ina libbi kisir biti U-sa-ha-ar he will deduct the (value of his) investment (in labor and materials) in the field from the rent of the house Ai. IV iv 21; ib.ta.an.tur. re : u-sa-[ha-ar] Ai. I iv 64; kin.se na.an.ag.a. en tur.tur.bi til.la.ab : a-na dip-ri i te-en-nepu-us ina su-uh-hu-ri nagmir may you (stone) not be usable for working, be used up by being reduced (to dust)! Lugale XI 23; gur 4 .ra.zu tur.ra.bi (var. TUR.TUR.la.bi) he.gig : rabutka eli su-hu-ri (var. su-uh-hu-ri) li-im-ra-as it will indeed be difficult to break into pieces your (the elallustone's) solidity ibid. 30; un.dur.ddr.ru.na.se har.har.ra // hul.hul.a.zu : ni-si ds-ba-a-ti tusa-hi-ir // tu-sal-pi-it you have reduced in number, variant: afflicted, the settled peoples SBH p. 77:16f.; nam.lu.ux(GiSGAL).1u x.x.e.de : nisi ana su-uh-hu-ru ibid. p. 74 r. 6f. ai-[bat] (SB ext.); awilum se-he-er bitisu u unetisu indsu immara the man's own eyes will see the decline of his household and his chattels YOS 10 56 ii 33 (OB Izbu), cf. bit belisu TUR-ir CT 38 48 ii 56 (SB Alu), and passim; [i]litti bilim i-se-hi-ir births among cattle will decrease cf. bilum i-se-hi-ir ibid. i 38, and, wr. i-se-eh-hi-ir ibid. 43, also bul TUR-ir ABL 405:14, [b]ulu amelitu TUR. TUR CT 27 49 K.4031:4 (SB Izbu), and similarly passim in SB; TUR-er TiR // TUR-er AMAS YOS 10 56 ii 30 (OB Izbu), reduction in the cattle fold // reduction in the sheep fold cf. tarbasu CT 27 37:12 (SB Izbu); nies TUR.MES the population will decrease CT 39 16:45 (SB Alu), also KAR 212 r. iii 23, also TUR ERIN-ni CT 38 49:24 (SB Alu), TUR dli CT 40 43 K.2259+ r. 11 (SB Alu); mahiru si CT 39 26:25 (SB Alu), irappis tarbas nakri TUR-ir i-se-eh-hi-ir-ma the exchange rate will get smaller KUB 4 63 iii 26 (astrol.), cf. GAN.BA TUR-ir Thompson Rep. 88:5, mahir ali TUR CT 39 3:16 (SB Alu), and passim, cf. ana see-h er ma-hi-ri as to the diminishing of the exchange rate Thompson Rep. 277T r. 3, also TUR GAN.BA Bab. 3 284:19 (SB astrol.); kurru ina TUR the kur measure will become small in the town KAR 384 r. 19; EGIR LU TUR the man's estate will diminish CT 27 50 K.3669 r. 10 (SB Izbu); makkiir awelim i-se- dli ina ma-ru-ti-u // ina se-he-ri-ds during his childhood // when he was young ROM 991:13 (unpub. fragm. of Izbu Comm., courtesy W. G. Lambert); [tu]-sah-.ahar 5R 45 vii 12. 1. to become small (in size or in quantity), to become few, to be young, to be a minor, to count as a credit, to appear as a credit, to be pressed, at a loss-a) to become small hi-ir the property of the man will become (in size or in quantity), to become few - with TUR.TUR (= issenehhir) BRM 4 22:6 (SB reduced YOS 10 42 i 21 (OB ext.); mimmi ekalli TUR.MES KAR 212 r. iii 60 (iqqur-pus); NIG.BI AL.TUR 1' in CT 40 10:20 (iqqur-pu), also, apodoses of omen texts: summa Amurrum i-sa-he-ir [ki']am ilsakkan when GN becomes physiogn.); segund TUR-ir r. 11 (= ABL 895). smaller, (the liver) looks like this RA 35 58 No. 12a:3 (Mari liver model); matum Fil-se-eh-hi-ir the country will decrease (in size) YOS 10 42 i 13 (OB ext.), KUR i-si(text -su)-ih-hi-ir KUB 4 63 iii 19, also CT 27 48:9 (SB Izbu), and passim in SB, note sar Amurri imat massu i-sa-ah-hir ABL 629:18, cf. Thompson Rep. 103:5, note KUR AL.TUR-ir KAR 403:12; sehe-er KUR-ti KUB 4 67 iii 3 (Izbu), wr. se-ehhe-er [mdti] ibid. 59:4'; mtu ... mu-wA-ir- 2' in protases of omen texts: Jumma kalit imitti eli kalit Jsumli TUR-ir if the right kidney has become smaller than the left ta-a TUR-ir umel marti pitrum ana lspi is-hi-ir if the gash on the left of the gall bladder has grown the sphere of influence of the country will decrease KAR 403 r. 17 (SB Izbu), cf. mut-ta-lik-ti mat nakri TUR-[ir] KAR 426:10 121 Thompson Rep. 274 kidney KAR 152:16 (SB ext.); also Jumma martu kima A.GAR.GAR TUR-ir-ma ressa tarik if the gall bladder has grown as small as (gazelle) dung and its upper part is dark CT 31 26:12 (SB ext.), cf. ibid. 10 and 11, also Boissier Choix 94:4; [Iumma ... eli] mindtia TUR-ir CT 31 25 Sm. 1365:5f.; summa ina smaller towards the "foot" KAR 150:6 (SB); oi.uchicago.edu seheru seheru summa has sa imitti TUR-ma irabbi if the right lung now is small, (and) now expands zikirsu (RN) the legitimate shepherd, the darling of the great gods, whose name Assur, Samas (and other gods) mentioned from his childhood (as destined) for dominion over KAR 151:40, cf. TCL 6 1 r. 12; DIS SA.MAH TUR.TUR if the .... becomes smaller and smaller (preceded by DIS SA.MAH GAL.GAL) BRM 4 22:4 (SB physiogn.), and dupl. Kraus Texte 9a:15. Assyria 3' other occs.: [ku-r]u-[uml-ma-ti is-se[hil-ir my food rations have grown small CT 29 19:8 (OB let.), cf. dispu u himetu a- kan(text i)-na jdnu dispi u himetu is-hir there is no honey or ghee here, (supplies of) honey and ghee have run low YOS 3 89:9 (NB let.); ana hirztim me abtuqma ina birit x [...] is-se-[e]h-ru I have diverted water into the ditch and so (the water) has diminished in between [...] TCL 18 77:18 (OB let.), cf. ana re[di] ... se-eh-hi-ra entrust the oxen and the flocks to the soldiers so that they may guard (them), these oxen and flocks must not diminish (in LIH 74:18 (OB let.); ultu se-he-ri-ia adi ra-bi-ia igr[cninni] Streck Asb. 210:14; ultu se-he-ri-ia adi libbi [...] [t]akldku ana sarrati dSarpa[nitu] since my childhood, until [... ] I have relied on Queen summa RN ... ina sa-ha-re mdresu ana szmti ittalak if Esarhaddon goes to his demise during the piqidma lissuru AB.GUD.HI.A U senu sina la i- number) gods') (statues) stand Thompson Esarh. pl. 16 iv 4 (Asb.), cf. DN u DN 2 sa ultu se-he-ri-ia urabbd'inni ibid. pl. 18 vi 7, eli nakrutija sa DN ABL 926:11 (let. of Asb.); assum sipatim sa i-se-hi-r[a] YOS 2 100:5 (OB let.); AB.GUD.HI.A u 8eni ... Borger Esarh. 39:5, cf. ibid. 74:10, also [sarruSa ultu] se-he-ri-si adi rabisu belissunu puqquma (for a var. see sihru B) ibid. 80:32; nanzassun ultu se-he-ri-ia adi ra-bi-ia aste'a from my childhood until I grew up, I have had a regard for the place(s) where their (the sa siknat minority of his sons Wiseman Treaties 83 and 237. 2' in letters and leg.: PN rab re[si bel tdbti abi bdnija ... sa ina s]e-he-ri-ia massartu assipili I have become as lowly as servants, sar[ritija issuruma] PN, the general (and) friend of my own father, who did royal service for me during my childhood ADD 649:9, cf. [sa] ina TUR-ia massarti [sarritija as humble as those of low status issuruma] ibid. 650:11; PN ... napisti nabnissina is-hi-ir-ma the progeny of human beings diminished Gossmann Era I 137; a-sa-hir ana si-hir-u-ti [ana s]apluti STT 65:15 b) to be young, to be a minor (inf. only) 1' in lit.: anna rabd sa ultu se-he-ri-ia5 i-pu-s4 suppihma adi 7-u putur do away with and absolve seven times the great sin which I have committed from my childhood up! BMS 11:36, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 74, cf. OECT 6 pl. 13 r. 8, also [sa e-pu]-sd [i]s-ti se-he-ri-ia [adi] ra-bi-ia KAR 55:18, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 54; [isd]tu Sa i-qa-du-ni dMarduk s' sa ina TUR-i-si x [...] the fire that they hood [...] CT 15 44:4, cf. [sa dN]inlil ina TUR-i-s4 iL-ma unassaqusu ibid. 7 (cultic comm.); summa NA ina TUR-s4 qaqqassu sebztu if a man's hair (lit. head) is full of gray in his youth AMT 5,1:5; re'dm kenu migir ill rabziti sa ultu se-he-ri-si dAsssur d Samag ... ana sarruti KUR Assur ibbi ultu childhood Moldenke Part 1 No. 21:4 (NB), cf. DINGIR.MES sa sarri beli[ja] sa TA libbi se-he- ru-x(text: DIs) x-[x x] ana sarribelija s-[ . . ] (obscure) ABL 1110:14 (NA). c) to become young: sumsa sbu is-sa-hir amelu its (the plant's) name is The-Old-Manis-Rejuvenated Gilg. XI 281. d) to count as a credit, to appear as a credit (OA only): naphar 1 MA.NA 31 GIN Sa tanappal 21 GIN KIT.BABBAR inappulunikkuni is-hi-ir-ma 1 MA.NA 1 GIN 15 SE KI.BABBAR ana PN apul you have to KU.BABBAR light (represents) Marduk, who, in his child- mali sa PN2 se-he-ri urabbuu PN, whom PN2 reared from (NA prayer), see Lambert, RA 53 130. pay a total of one mina and three and a third shekels of silver, (but) since the two and a quarter shekels of silver which they will have to pay you has been credited (against this) (lit. the sum has diminished by two and a quarter shekels of silver), pay PN (only) one 122 oi.uchicago.edu seheru seheru mina and one shekel (and) 15 grains of silver Dv-ak (= usallak) the gods will reduce the TCL 19 24:39; summa batiq i-sa-hi-ir summa palace to nothing KAR 212 iv 26 (iqqur-pus); u-sa-ah-hi-ir (var. u-sa-hi-ri)nisi mati AnSt 8 58:22 (Nbn.), cf. Marduk ... li-sa-hi-ranis su YOS 9 80:27 (NB); adi la bas, usdliksuma wattur umalla if (the amount realized by cashing the debtor's assets) is less (than the debt due), it will appear as a credit, (but) if it is more, (the creditor) will pay (the excess balance) in full AnOr 6 22:40, cf. TCL 14 11:10; summa lama umisu harranam i-ta-ra-is ina kurummitisu kaspum i-sa-hi-ir if he (the debtor) completes the commercial trip before the day (set) for him (to return), (the amount of) his (unused) food allowance will be credited on the silver (which he has to repay) (lit. the silver will diminish) Golenischeff 6:18, cf. kaspum ina tahsistika li-is-hi-ir TCL 19 59:10 and 13, x kaspum iqqdtatikunu i-sa-hi-ir KT Blanckertz 3:8, of. also TuM 1 22a:31, TCL 20 90:40, CCT 1 24a:18, KT Hahn 19:20; 2 GIN sa-ah-ra-ti you have been credited two shekels GIN TCL 4 29:18; note ina - MA.NA 4 KU.BABBAR ... tdtam nishdtim u mut' bil(text: E)-tim is-hi-ru-ma usahhiruma is expected) u-sa-hir (var. u-sa-ah-hi-ir) massu I brought him to nought and reduced his country OIP 2 28 ii 22 (Senn.), of. ibid. 33 iii 34, 70:30; summa [re'u] sa AB.GUD.[HI.A] lu s[num] ana re'[im] innadnsum idisu gamratim mahir ... AB.GUD.HI.A [us]-sa-ah-hi-irsinam us-saah-hi-ir talittam umtatti if a shepherd to whom cattle and also sheep and goats have been given for him to tend, after receiving his full wages, lets the cattle diminish in number, (or) the sheep and goats diminish in number, (or) lets the number of newborn animals decrease CH § 264:53ff.; bul mat nakri tu-sa-har-ma you will reduce (the number of) the cattle of the enemy's country CT 27 37:4 (SB Izbu); (anomalous, TCL 14 69:9. e) to be pressed, at a loss (EA only): sanitu u in-du-um ji-sa-hi-ra-am ana jdsi u im-lu-uk istu libbija also, when I was pressed (lit. it became too tight for me), I deliberated (and decided to make peace with RN) ibid. 183; nakirka u-se-hi-ir-ka piam mati'am tasakkansu your enemy will make you small, and you will .... him YOS 10 23:8 (OB ext.), cf. ibid. 25 r. 55; [ug]-gat ill rabuti Sa hepe mdti su su-uh-hur nisi elisu ibsima the anger of the great gods was vented upon him by devastating his country and reducing the popu- (corresponding to Heb. qdsgr) EA 136:25 (let. of Rib-Addi). 2. suhhuru to make smaller, to reduce (in size or number), to break up small, to reduce a credit by entering a debit against it, to debit - a) to make smaller, to reduce (in size or number): see Lugale XI, in lex. section; dEnlil mata ina husahhi u-sa-har DN will make the land smaller through famine CT lation Winckler Sar. pl. 45 F 2:5; siqsu meteq girrisarriusandilma ... girrisarri ana la su- uh-hu-ri nare ulspisma I broadened its (Nineveh's) streets for the passage of the King's Way, and I had stelas made (as markers) so that one should not reduce the King's Way 28 24 K.3817:18 (SB Izbu), cf. 3 sandti ilu mdta TUR.MES CT 27 48:18 (SB Izbu), nakru ... mata TTR uldlutam usallak CT 27 3 obv.(!) 25, quoted with TUR-dr Izbu Comm. 50; erbd mu-sa-hi-ir mdti ammaki taskunu abuba nesu litbdmma nise li-sa-ah-hi-ir instead of your bringing on a flood, would that lions had risen to diminish mankind Gilg. XI 182, cf. locusts that diminish the land Wiseman Treaties 443; ildni mesre mti // ekalli i-.sah(text -sah)-ha-ru KAR 212 iv 22 (iqqur-ipu);nakru mata u-sa-har KAR 403 r. 27; garru bell massu 4-sa-ah-har the king, my lord, will reduce his (the enemy's) country ABL 629 r. 9 (NA); ildni ekalla adi ulla TUR // 123 (in width) OIP 2 153:20 (Senn.). b) to break up small: harrdtu ina libbi iharra batqa isabbat aqqullatu me harputu [i]aqqa he (the gardener) will dig ditches in (the orchard), he will make all repairs, he will break up the clods(?), he will irrigate (the orchard) at the proper time u-sa-ah-har VAS 5 26:8 (NB). c) to reduce a credit by entering a debit against it, to debit (a person for an amount) (OA only): x KU.BABBAR iSti PN sA.BA oi.uchicago.edu sehheru selu saddudtam u nishatim i-sa-hu-ru PN has x silver, from it they will reduce (the debt for) the transportation taxes and the expenses selanf adj.; with protruding ribs (said of a bull); lex.*; cf. selu. gu 4 .ti.ti = si-la-nu-t (after gu 4 .sa.sL(var. .ga) = karsanu with protruding belly) Hh. XIII 306. CCT 3 19b: 15; 10 GIN KU.BABBAR sa taddinans ni mimma ula alqi s m emarim ti-sa-hi-ir ammakam tahsistaka amur I certainly did not take the ten shekels of silver which you gave me, (but) you debited the price of the donkey (against it-just) check your memo- **selitu (Bezold Glossar 236b) see *selu adj. sellu see selu. seltu see saltu. randum there! TCL 4 27:39; ina 2 MA.NA 1 GIN kaspika sa bit kdrim 1 MA.NA 6 GIN selu A v.; to burn (fumigants); SB*; I, III. ma-aSAR = se-lu-u sd qut-rin-ni Nabnitu B 139, cf. [ma-a] [SAR] ni-si-gu (sign name) = se-lu-u [sd qutrinni] Recip. Ea E 12'; du GAB = se-lu-u sd qut-rin-nu A VIII/1: 145. a-su-mi PN i-sa-hi-ru-ni-a-ti from your two minas (and) 31 silver shekels' (credit with) the administration of the kdrum, they have debited one mina (and) six shekels se-li qutrinnu eresza'i ttbi the burning of incense, a fragrance of sweet resin Borger against us on account of PN KTS 29a: 14; mala tuppim sa PN sa ... KU.BABBAR Sa dudittim habbulu 8 GIN KU.BABBAR sa-hi-ir- Esarh. 5 vii 4; qutrinni tabti maharsunu4-sd- as-li I burned before them (the gods) sweet- ma sittam ina umim sa errabannisasqilsuma in accordance with PN's document, whereby he is in debt for the money for the pectoral, debit (him for) eight shekels of silver and get him to weigh out the balance the day he gets in CCT 3 48a:9; nishat subat sa-hu-ur the expenses for the garments have been debited smelling incense 59:165 (royal prayer). selu B v.; to cheat; MB, SB*; I, II. lul.se, ss, dU-UKA = se-lu-u Nabnitu B 136ff. da-a-su <//> se-lu-u se-lu-f[i sar-ra-a-ti CT 31 9 K.2086+ :16. CCT 4 13c:21, cf. BIN 6 157:13; SA.BA 16 GiN ... nu-sa-ha-ar against it we will debit 16 shekels CCT 1 20a:13. eli ana narkabti 4-se-li gu-u[n-ni-u] he (Kastilias) mounted his chariot (and) told lies to his troops AfO 18 46:13 (Tn.-Epic). sehheru s.; finely ground flour; MB; wr. syll. and ZID.TUR.TUR; cf. seheru. summa ZID.TUR.TUR u ZID sib-ri la te4-i-in sib-ra i su-te-'-na if the s. and the groats are not ground, crush (it) and have it ground cf. 2 (PI) 3 (BAN) ZID PBS 1/2 31:15 (let.), sib-ri 1 (GUR) ZID.TUR.TUR ibid. 12; ZID si-hi-rum (followed by ZID ar-sa-ni, ZiD mi-irqu, ZID pi-hi-du, [ZiD] ri-du) PBS 2/2 71:3, cf. ibid. 97:2, BE 14 117a:1, cf. ZID.DA si-hi-rum (followed by ZID.DA KI.MIN x) BE 14 47:1. Torczyner Tempelrechnungen 127a; MAOG 10/1 16. Lambert BWL 60:92 (Ludlul IV); li-sd-as-li-ka za'i ereni may he (the future king) burn cedar resin for you AfO 19 Waschow, The cited references represent the only unequivocal occurrences of a verb selu, "to cheat," with initial s. Wherever the other occurrences allow us to establish clearly the nature of the sibilant it is s. Therefore they are cited sub selu, q.v. selu (sellu) s.; 1. rib, side (part of the human and the animal body), side (of an object), 2. side (as a direction), 3. side (as a structural part of a manufactured object); OB, MB, SB, NB; pl. selc (sselanu referring to the ribcage); wr. syll. (abbr. si YOS 10 45:64ff.) and TI (also UZU.TI in mng. 1); cf. selanis, seldnd, selu in sehtu see sihtu. sa bzti seli, seld. sl~ini4 adv.; sideways; SB*; cf. selu. zuik sep si-la-ni etiquma the infantry had to advance sideways (along the narrow path) TCL 3 330 (Sar.). 124 ti-i TI = si-lu Sb II 104; uzu.ti, uzu.ti.ti = sii-lu (var. si-li) Hh. XV 80f.; uzu.kak.ti = sik-kdt si-li (note: uzu.ti.ti = ba-ma-a-[tu], [ba]-an-tu ibid. 82-82a) ibid. 83; [uzu].ti.ti = ba-ma-td = sik-kdt si-li (var. sil-li) Hg. D 51 and B IV 48; oi.uchicago.edu selu selu uzu.kak.ti = sik-kat si-li Practical Vocabulary Assur 919; ti-ib-nu TI-tend (i.e., TI wr. obliquely) = ti-ib-nu sd a-na si-li-si na-du-u straw (i.e., probably dry stalks) which is lying on its side Ea II 100, also A 11/3 Part 4 ii 13. ribs CT 27 25:23, and cf. (in similar context) 2 TI.MES-Su -nu ibid. 12:15; DIS si-lum Sa imittim damam lupput if the right rib(cage) is ti.ti gis.ma.sumun.ginx(GIM) in.dag.dag. [.. .] : si-la-ni kima elippi labirti inaqqar he (the demon) wrecks the ribs (of the patient) as if they were those of an old ship CT 17 25:32f., dupl. KAR 368:3f.; ab.ti.ta : ina apti si-li CT 17 35:69f., see mng. 2b, cf. ui ti.mu : s a-na se-l[i-ia] Lambert BWL 244:12. ba-ma-a-tum = mes-lu, si-la-a-nu, se-e-rum, kutal-lum Izbu Comm. 193ff. u TI-i sumelam (if there is) a mole on the side at the RA 27 149:6 (all OB ext.); YOS 10 52 iv 33, and, rebi ibid. 37, and dupl. ibid. 51 iv 34ff. (all OB behavior of sacrificial lamb); AS ... TI ana sumelim ittul if the rib faces left YOS 10 40 r. 17, cf. kakkum ... ser TI ittul the "weapon" mark faces the rib RA 27 142:15 (OB ext.); Summa YOS 10 51 iv 23, var. from dupl. ibid. 52 iv 23, cf. summa tup-pi si-li-im sa imittim (var. A.zI) left Kraus Texte 62 r. If. (OB physiogn.); sums ma sinnistu tu'dme ulidma ina TI-sU-nu DIB. DIB-ma (var. ti-is-bu-tu) if a woman gives birth to twins and they are joined at their side CT 27 1:1, var. from ibid. 3:23 (SB Izbu); in difficult context: NA.BI TI.TI GiD-tcu U this man's ribs will .... and the man's backside will .... CT 39 44:14 (SB Alu); isdtdtu sa si-li-sa uhhura the abscesses on her side persist BE 17 31:28 (MB let.); ittirannisi-la-ni-idultebbir he beat me up, he broke my ribs BIN 1 94:26 (NB let.); may the murus i-li-MU ana si-li-ka MIN soreness of my side ditto (= be transferred) to your side (between tuld breast and sinu hip) LKU 37:9 (SB lit.). b) referring to animals - 1' in gen.: summa izbum imittasu si-lu-su u pemsu sa sumelim la ibassi if the newborn animal has no shoulder, no ribs and no thigh on the left cf. if there are two 2 TI.ME -Su-nu (but) they have two sets of 47:84f., dupl. ibid. 48:21f., and, wr. si(!) ibid. 45:64f., DI s si(!) sa imittim turruk if the right rib(cage) is bruised YOS 10 45:66ff., DIS ina res si-lim alim (var. elim) simum nadi if a red spot is on the "head" of the upper rib ina si-li fr.GiR newborn animals, one placed on the shoulder of the other and grown together (with it) DIS si-lum sa imittim referring to si-lim salsim ibid. 35, si-lim if ditto (referent lost) and his right side is dark (i.e., bruised) ibid. 236:42, and (referring YOS 10 56 ii 43 (OB Izbu), YOS 10 48:25; palis if the right rib(cage) is pierced YOS 10 the second left rib Labat TDP 114:39', cf. summa ina SAG.KIs4 res libbisu u TI-i mahis ibid. 36:44; summa KI.MIN-ma TI-sica imitti MI (tarik) arkdt NA na-di(text -ki)-a-as-su both rib(cages) are spattered with summa ina si-lim (var. si-li-im) sanim Sa sumelim simum nadi if there is a red spot on in his epigastrium, his forehead and his side ibid. 43; blood as thin as a rib mahis if he has the attack to the left side) putu amftum kima sz-li-im iqtin if the liver ends 1. rib, side (part of the human and the animal body), side (of an object) - a) referring to human beings: summa ina res libbisu SAG.KI-i spattered with blood YOS 10 47:86f., and dupl. ibid. 48:23f., note si-lu kilallun dama lups simam itaddd if the tuppu of the right rib is dotted with red spots ibid. 51 iv 19, var. from 52 iv 20; for sikkat seli, see sikkatu; summa ina si-li MUSEN ... simum nadi if there is a red spot on the rib of the "bird" (see issfru mng. 4) YOS 10 51 iv 30 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb). 2' a cut of meat: uzu.ti udu rib-cut of mutton VAS 9 174:9, and, wr. ti.udu ibid. 51 (OB); 2 Uzu ni-si-ih TI.HI.A (between nisih imittim and nisih uR.HI.A) two fine ribcuts A 3207 r. 1 (unpub., OB); ti.Sah rib-cut of pork VAS 9 174:13 (OB); 1120 UZU.TI VAS 6216:3, cf. TI.LUGUD.DA short-rib VAS 6 268:3 and 7 (NB); UZU ga-an-ni si-li [...] Nbk. 247:4, Peiser Vertrage 107:6, see gannu s.; 10 imittu rapastu u UZU.TI kurummat sarri ten shoulder-cuts, loin-cuts and ribs, food portion of the king OECT 1 pi. 20 W.-B. 10:2 (NB list of sacrificial shares), and passim in this text; ana ispari TI for the weaver, (a piece of) rib RAcc. 132:198; salsu UZU.TI 1-te the third of one rib-cut ADD 1077 viii 31, cf. 125 oi.uchicago.edu selu semeru ADD 1056:8; UZU.TI (as a sacrifice) BBR No. 52:21, ZA 45 44:34, also UZU.TI.MES BBR No. 66 r. 10 (NA rit.); KAK.TI TI UDU turrar kat MIN line 85, and see Salonen Landfahrzeuge you char a rib from a sheep's ribcage AMT (var. si-la-[ni])MIN line 370, see CT 17 25:32f., 8,2:3. in lex. section, also Salonen Wasserfahrzeuge 84; c) referring to the side of an object: summa 2 naplasatu se-el-lu-si-na nenm[udu] if there are two flaps (and) their sides are in midrib of a dagger: GIM se-el patri zaqip (wr. beside a drawn lozenge representing the contact 94 ii 11. Holma Korperteile 49. Ad mng. lb: Nougayrol, RA 44 21f. YOS 10 11 iv 22 (OB ext.); 96; gis.ti.ma = si-il MIN (= e-lip-pi) Hh. IV 369, followed by: g i.ti.ti. cross section of a dagger) Lenormant Choix No. DIS si-li paddnim imit[tam] palis if the side of the "path" is perforated at the right YOS 10 18:76ff.; ruku MAS 6 talli ina si-li-su-<nu> pur selu in cf. selu. if six crosspieces are placed across beside each other YOS 10 42 ii 62 (all OB ext.); 2. side (as a direction) - a) in gen.: iptema abullati ina si-li kilalldn he opened gates on both sides (of heaven) En. el. V 9, see Landsberger and Kinnier Wilson, JNES 20 156; ina rese u arkdte ina se-li kilallan mihrit 8 sAri 8 abullati aptema in front and in back, on both sides, facing the eight winds, I opened eight gates (in the wall) Lyon Sar. p. usapta OIP 2 111 vii 71 b) wing (lateral building of a house complex): [ina a]p-ti si-li la terrabsu do not enter to him through a window in the wing AfO 12 pl. 14:3, see Meier, ibid. 241, and cf. ina ap-ti si-li a-hi-e through a window in the ibid. line 5; Translation suggested by sa biti sane. [x x] si.sa ti bal sal.la gui.sum til.la.[bi i.zu.1u] : [x x] isarta inita si-li-ta raqqat[ax x x tidi-e] do you know the normal, the dissimulated(?), the oblique and the fine [writing, all types of cuneiform writing(?)]? ZA 4 434:4f. (bil. e.dub.ba text). (Zimmern, ZA 30 227 n. 5; Landsberger, AfO Beiheft 1 177.) selu see salu. cf. also ana erbetti s'ri 15 abullati panu u arka other wing ab.ti.ta igi.mu. un.<si>.in.bar.ri.e.de : sa ina apti si-li ippallasa who looks through the window of (salltu) s.; quarrel, dispute; SB; cf. salu. irsma ulsa libbasunu ippusa sa-lu-t-ta they (the horse and the ox) became high spirited and they had an argument Lambert selutu BWL 177:23; sa itti RN ... ikpudi lemuttu ippusa se-e-lu-u(var. -u)-ti (var. se-lu-t4) (I shall allot death) to all those who plot against Assurbanipal (or) act in a hostile way Streck Asb. 32 iii 123, also ibid. 214 iii 9. Kraus, AfO 11 229. the wing CT 17 35:69 f., see also selu in sa biti seli. c) biti seli s.; servant; OB lex.*; *self (fem. selitu) adj.; oblique, lying on its side; SB*; cf. selu. CT 38 8:34 (SB Alu). ina si-li kilalldn ... (Senn.). 9a ld.6.ti = sa bi-ti si-li OB Lu A 266. if potsherds (on a street) ana si-li-si-na ittanazzaza stand (upright) on their sides 10:66, and passim in the same phrase in Sar., ma = i-ga-ra-a-te semertu s.; distension(?); SB*; cf. semeru. in IM seli draft: IM.TI.BA = MIN (= sda-ru) si-il-li (var. IM si-li), MIN i-da-a-tum Malku III 191f.; sa-a-ar si-il-li la tezenni sa.mah = e-sil-tu, s.ta.ha.ar.gig tu CT 19 3 ii 6f. (list of diseases). (pleasant) draft (lit. wind coming from the side) do not be angry with me! (incipit of a si-mir-[tu] CT 4 3:11 (Sum.), Akk. in K.12919 sa(!).mah sa.ta.ha.ar.ge4 : [e-sil]-tu (unpub.), see Falkenstein Haupttypen 94. song) KAR 158 r. iii 16. 3. side (as a structural part of a manufactured object): gis.ti mar.gid.da = see-lu rail (or stanchion) of a wagon Hh. V 84, followed by: gis.kak.ti mar.gid.da = sik- = se-me-er- For discussion, see semeru. semeru v.; to become distended(?); SB*; I (stative samru, semru, fem. semret), II (only stative summuru); cf. semertu, simru B. 126 oi.uchicago.edu sendu senu A zi(var. ze).pa.ag = pa-a-x-mu, sa.ti.fdi1.il = se-me-ru (var. [si]-mi-ri) Erimhus VI 236f. summa amelu samma istma la i'arru seme-er if the man, after having drunk the medicine, does not vomit (and) is distended Kiichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 42; Summa sinnistu ulidma se-em-rat u Sara uddupat if a woman, after having given birth, is distended and inflated with wind KAR 195 r. 25, cf. parallel em(text e')-re-et ibid. 27; Summa panusu se-em-ru (var. adds // ma-lu-4) if his Summa ina bit ameli Sa se-ne-et-ta mald ibassi if there is somebody covered with s. in a man's house (in an enumeration of people afflicted with skin diseases and dropsy) face is swollen Labat TDP 74:32; LS.MESsum-mu-ru (among symptoms) STT 89:129; summa martu mesa se-em-ret-ma ina libbia sihhu nadi if the gall bladder is distended by its fluid and there is a pustule in it CT 30 15:23 (ext.); V.HAR.ME Sa a4Sha sa-am-ru drug for lungs that are distended(?) with wind CT 40 1:11, and dupl. CT 38 30:25 (SB Alu), ni-tam mali is covered with s. CT 28 1 K.6790:8 girgissu si-ni-tum zimu matqum ekktum (in an enumeration of diseases) (SB Izbu); also ibid. 10 A:25 (OB inc.), ekktu risitu si-i[n-ni-tu] AMT 26,1:17, see Goetze, JCS 9 11, also se-en-ni-tum siriptu epqenna CT 23 3:10, se-en-ni-it-ti siriptu AMT 31,2:2 and 13 (all parallel SB texts), (sennittu, sirnittu) s.; disease); OB, SB. (a skin also miqtu sikkatu se-en-nit-tum isdtu K.6335:18', and dupl., wr. se-en-ni-it-[tu] KAR 233:24, also Sikkatu se-en-ni-tz Rm. 595:11'. Holma Kl. Beitr. 17ff.; Goetze, JCS 9 12. sennu see senu A. senu A (sennu) adj.; wicked; from OB on; se-en-ni BMS 21:44, si-in-nu Streck Asb. 186 r. 18; cf. sinnarbu, sinu B in Sa sini. 80 urdaini ina ndri Sa GIS.APIN.MES si-in- sennitu girgissa si-ir-ni-tam zima matqa ekketam (etc.) sendu adj.; harnessed; NB*; cf. samadu. sennittu see senntu. cf. let the daughters of Anu JCS 9 8 A:5, extinguish Semeru is a variant form of emeru and etymologically connected with Syr. semara, "stranguria" (Brockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 632b). This connection is borne out by the Sum. .ti.di.il.il, in lex. section, correspondence and [u1.a.ta.dili] = em-ru, lu.sa.ta.ha. ar = a libbasu emru, and [lu.sa.ta].ha.la = emru, cited emru adj. lex. section, but note sa.ta.ha.ar.gig = se-me-er-tu cited semertu lex. section. Both emeru and semeru refer primarily to the intestines. Only the Labat TDP ref. and the KAR pharm. text refer to parts of the body other than libbi. The var. in Labat TDP (semru // malu), cited above, may indicate an interpretation of the text's semru as zE (= marta) emru. The passage should not be used to read zi (= marta) emrat instead of semrat in KAR 195. for the harnessed plows BIN 1 35:6 (let.), cf. (in broken context) si-en-du ABL 866 r. 5. cf. if a woman gives birth and the child si-in- KAR 203 iv-vi 26, dupl. CT 14 31 D. T. 136:6 (pharm.). du-tu eighty of our workmen are at the river as = si-ir-ni-[tum] OBGT XI iv 3; as = se-ni-ittum Proto-Izi Akk. f 20; as = se-en-ni-tu Izi E 166A; [as].mi = se-en-ni-tu Izi E 192A; [...].dib, [... ] x = si-ni-it-tum (var. si-ir-ni-it-tum) (between epqu and mangu) PBS 12/1 13 ii 17f. (list of diseases), var. from BM 13128 i 11' (OB). summa amelu MU.GAR GIG : si-ni-i-td if a man Kocher suffers from MUS.GAR (translation) : s. da.gig.ga kir 4 .a.bi Pflanzenkunde 22:28; nu.sig .ga : se-en-ni-tum sa ina appi as[is]u la damqu-s., whose eruption on the nose is not good (preceded by bubu'tu carbuncle) Lugale V 33. ha-ab TIL = si-i-nu A I/2: 181; NfG.NEni-ig-ni-ruRU = rag-gu, NEe-rimRU = a-a-bi, nig.a.zu (var. Aa. zi) = se-e-nu Erimhus V 61ff.; nig.erim= rag-gu, erim = a-a-bu, nig.a.zi= se-e-nu Lu Excerpt II 182ff.; [i-uh] [AH] = se-e-nu A V/2:134. gal-lu-u, si-in-nu, za-ma-nu, a-a-bu = bel ra-'-i-bi LTBA 1 2:136ff. a) in royal inscrs.: raggam u se-nam ana hulluqim to destroy the wicked man and the evildoer CH i 35, cf. ina matisu raggam u may he (a future ruler) se-nam lissuh extirpate the wicked man and evildoer from his land ibid. xli 92; ragga u sge-e-nim ina nilzm usessi I removed the wicked man and 127 oi.uchicago.edu senu A senu the evildoer from among the people VAB 4 senu 112 i 27, cf. ibid. 124 ii 28 (both Nbk.); sa narka [gi.ma.sa.ab].sasa.a = rak-su tied(?) basket, se-e-nu laden basket Hh. IX 133f. bti tahazija sapinat raggi u se-ni damu u pirsu ritmuku magarrus the wheels of my battle chariot, which roll over the wicked man and the evildoer, were bathed in blood and filth OIP 2 46 vi 8 (Senn.); kima patri salbabe urassapa se-en-ni I slay the wicked like a fierce dagger KAH 2 84:19 (Adn. II), cf. hitmut raggi u se-ni andku I am aflame against the wicked man and the evildoer ibid. 17; dSama ... ha'itsalptajdbi musebru se-ni Samar, who sees the treachery of the enemy, who sees the wicked everywhere (see bari v.) AKA 29 i 8 (Tigl. I.), also VAS 1 71:8 (Sar.); se-nu Elam ta'tusimhurma the wicked Elamite accepted the bribe from him Lie Sar. 368, cf. (in broken context) si-in-nu Elami Streck Asb. 186 r. 18. b) in lit.: miqtum si-nu JCS 9 9A:3 (OB inc.), evil epilepsy cf. miqta si-na ibid. 23, the parallel text omits snu after miqtu ibid. 10 B: 2 and 21, but has [ni]dum si-nu-um ibid. 10:6, and nidam si-na-am ibid. 24; raggu u se-e-nu terub atlak evildoer and wicked man, do not enter! go away! Maqlu IV 2; [sa s]e-e- ni u zamdne tusapi dinsu[n] you (Samar) proclaim judgment on the criminal and lawbreaker Lambert BWL 128:58; ragga u se-na tabarri asmis you (Samar) see the evildoer and wicked man, as befits (you) KAR 32:25, cf. (in broken context) LU se-enu JTVI 29 87 Sp. 158+ :33 (Kedorlaomer text); mu[hal]liq se-en-ni (said of Adad, parallel: muballil rag[gi]) BMS 21:44; si-in-nu erebu muhalliq asnan lemnu zirzirru mubbil sippdti the evil (plague) of locusts which destroys the crops, the evil zirzirru-locustwhich makes the orchard (look) dry Craig ABRT 1 54 iv 24 (= BA 5 629), see Landsberger Fauna 122, and see sennarbu. B adj.; laden; lex.*; cf. sgnu. senu (sanu, si'anu) s. fem.; 1. flock (of sheep and goats), 2. sheep and goats, 3. sheep; from OAkk. on; sanu in OAkk., si'anu in NA (Practical Vocabulary Assur 319), sing. in OAkk., OA and LB (se-e-nu BABBAR-ti u sal-in-du BE 9 24:2, 10 106:7, PBS 2/1 118:6), pl. se: na[tum] (only in BE 6/2 79:9, OB); wr. syll. (sometimes with det. UDu) and Ug.UDU.HI.A (with gloss us-du-ha-a Thompson Rep. 103 r. 1), note Ug.UDU (Riftin 112:7, OB), Ug.UDU. NITA.(HI.A) PBS 1/2 3:24f. (OB), U 8 .HI.A Unger Bel-Harran-beli-ussur 21; cf. sa'nu, sinu. [...] u s (= LAGABXSUM.ZIB) = si-[nul, [im-me]rum A 1/2:307 f., [lah-ru] u s = [la]h-rum, [im-mertum] ibid. 309f., [ga-nam] U8 = [im]-mer-[tum] ibid. 311; u-du-ul PA+UDUL 3 = d-tu-ul a si-e-ni Proto-Diri 279; Ug.UDU.HI.A = si-a-ni Practical Vocabulary Assur 319. e.zd.ginx(GIM) amas.ginx lu.lu.a.mu : kima si-e-ni ina supiru dussi (a temple) as flourishing as sheep and goats in the fold SBH p. 60:9f., cf. ibid. p. 15:18-21, p. 108:19f.; e.ze.ta e.ze sag. tug nam.ma.ra.ab.e : a-na si-e-ni si-e-ni sarhati la tusessa do not cause healthy sheep and goats to leave the flocks ZA 31 114:15 (SB), cf. BA 5 710 (= BA 10/1 120) K.5117:6f., 4R 11 r. 43f., SBH p. 73:15f. [sa]-a'-nu = si-e-nu Malku V 35; se-e-nu, ad-ma-a-[tu]m = ni-s[i] CT 18 10 iii 20f. 1. flock (of sheep and goats) - a) in econ.: sa-nam ligzuzu they should shear the flock Cop. 10055 r., cited MAD 3 241 (OAkk.); istu a- bu-ul si-n[i]-im adi abul nisJm qaqqere ana Assur belija ezib I reserved the ground (extending) from the Gate of the Flocks as far as the People's Gate for my lord Assur Belleten 14 224:9 (Irisum), for further refs., see ibid. p. 235f.; summa istu U 8 .UDV U . JI.A ina ugdrim iteli'anim if, after the flocks have come up (to the city) from the commons CH § 58:65; Uvg.UDU.HI.A isma-ri-Si-nas riam Since senu rarely qualifies a substantive, except in the unusual preposed position, it is uncertain whether in the OB inc. senu is an adjective or the name of another disease. In favor of the adjectival use note zlmu send me the flocks with their young TCL 17 matqu JCS 9 9:6 and 26, lemnum ibid. 10:8 and 26. ibassi izuzzimma US.UDU.~TI.A Sinati sullumim and suruppm 23:15 (OB let.); asar Sammu ibassu si-e-nu sa PN likula let PN's flocks graze where there is grass BIN 7 54:8 (OB let.); aslum Us.UDU. ina sadim ema rztum II.A la qdtika ... uwa'ersuniti I sent them off with orders to 128 oi.uchicago.edu senu senu came from the shearing in the month of Ajaru station the flock under your care on high ground where there is pasturage, and that (they) should safely deliver this flock TCL 1 TCL 12 43:16 (NB); 1 U8 1 X z 2 si-e-nu one ewe, one she-goat, (total of) two sheep and 4:6 and 10 (OB let.); ana KA.PAR U 8 .UDU.HI.A OECT 3 40:9; Us.UDU.NITA-ia a uh-hu(text -ri)-ra-a ana to the shepherd of the flocks U8 .UDU.NITIA.I.A-ka tuhhima piqissinati join my flock, which is behind in delivery, to goats TCL 13 132:1, similar GCCI 2 32:6; 14 UDU pu-hal 164 Us.ME 31 ka-lum 60 par-rat PAP 269 BABBAR-tum 5 [MASl.GAL 35 [fZ].ME 8 MAS.TUR 10 SAL.AS+GAR PAP 58 GE 6 -tum PAP-ma 327 si-e-nu fourteen rams, 164 ewes, go with PN and wash and 31 lambs, 60 young ewes, total of 269 white (animals), five full-grown he-goats, 35 shegoats, eight male kids, ten female kids, total of 58 black (animals), (grand) total of 327 shear my flock TCL 9 84:7 (NB let.); Ug.UDU. HI.A §a bit iii u Sa URU GN ina URU GN 2 sheep and goats YOS 7 48:12 (all NB); sittiti ana mahazi ... pihatija rabitija gimir kards ikkalu the flocks belonging to the temple and the village of GN are grazing in (the pastures around) the village of GN 2 ABL sija kima si-e-ni uza'iz your flock and check it PBS 1/2 3:24f. (OB let.), cf. UDU.HI.A-ni-ka Laessoe Shemshara p. 70 n. 57 SH.813:5; itti PN alikma si-e-nu-ia [mil-si u guzuz 268:8 (NB); PN rab bul Sa si-e-nu Sa DN the cattle overseer of the flocks of the Lady-ofUruk YOS 7 123:1, cf. re' sa si-e-nu sa DN ibid. 189:13, ndqidu sa si-e-nu sa DN ibid. 55:1, also uRU A-si-e-ni VAS 4 74:13 (all NB). b) in lit.: siB-' ki LU.SiB a si-na-su habta edanuSsu ipparsidma PN fled alone like a shepherd whose sheep and goats have been stolen Winckler Sar. pl. 2 No. 3:3, see Borger, JNES 19 49ff.; re' ana(!) se-ni-su x x mu-sd ul isallal the shepherd does not sleep all night on account of his flock Gossmann Era I 86; ki ag-ri si-e-ni (var. UDU si-ni) immer pant useld ina pitqi like a person who was only hired (to tend) the flock, I took the bellwether out of the fold Gossmann Era V 8; among the cities, my lieutenants, my captains (and) all my camp Strack Asb. 60 vii 8, cf. Borger Esarh. 106 iii 22, OIP 2 61:60 (Senn.); 1-en 7 libuku (for libuka) kima si-e-ni one (man) shall lead away seven (as prisoners), like sheep and goats Gossmann Era V 28; kima si-e-ni Abuka nisesun samhati their well-fed people I led away like sheep and goats Borger Esarh. 58 v 9; minussunu kima sa marsit si-ni-ma (var. UDU si-ni.MES) lu amnu I counted up their (the captured wild animals') number as if (it were) of flocks of sheep AKA 90 vii 12 (Tigl. I), cf. kima and goats marsit UDU si-e-ni.MES ibid. 141:22; ma-an- za-az si-ni ersiti dSumuqan a "station" of sheep and goats (meaning) a request by DN (the god of flocks and herds, for offerings) CT 5 6:56 (OB oil omens). kima se-e-ni lir'a ili gimrasun may he (Marduk) shepherd all the gods like a flock En. el. VII 131, with comm. RI = se-e-nu 60 K.2053 r. ii 2'. I divided up the remaining (prisoners), like sheep and goats, b) as distinct from cattle: ana matija imqutama ... STC 2 pl. su-nu ilteqe 2. sheep and goats - a) in gen.: 90 u s . HI.A 17 UDU.NITA.HI.A 107 UV.UDU.HI.A 34 UZ.HI.A 2 MAS.GUB 36 UZ.HI.A SU.NIGIN 143 U8 .UDU.HI.A ninety ewes, 17 rams, (total of) 107 sheep, 34 she-goats, two mature he-goats, (total of) 36 goats, (grand) total of 143 sheep Taisamajum al-pi-su-nu z si-ni- the Taisamean invaded my country and carried off their cattle and also their sheep and goats Balkan Letter 22, cf. alpam ulu se-na-am ibid. 33 (OA); red'dm sa In Us.UDU.HI.A ana re'im in: nadnisum a shepherd to whom have been handed over cattle or sheep and goats to AB.GUD.HI.A U pasture and goats YOS 8 163:7, and passim in OB; 600 Uv.UDU.HI.A JCS 8 27 No. 354:2 (MB Alalakh); 300 si-e-ni adi iz u puhalu sa ITI.GUD ultu gizzi usdni 300 sheep and goats, including she-goats and young rams, which CH § 265:63, etc., and YOS 2 83:12, TCL 18 120:15, BIN 7 8:4, 17, and passim in OB, note, however: ana al-pi-im u us .UDU. HI.A (beside alpum u immerum line 7) AJSL 33 227:2 (OB), GUD.HI.A Ug.UDU.HI.A U ANSE. HI.A MDP 23 177:5, 24 345:8, for writings 129 oi.uchicago.edu senu senu see sikari talds you knead the dung of sheep and immeru mng. 2b; alad ameluti GUD.rHI.A.MESi U Ug.UDU.HI.A.MES lisasissu may (Ninmah) goats (and mix it) with beer CT 23 50:11 (med.); talitti Ug.UDU.HI.A [ul issir] (var. UDU.NITA.(HI.A) in similar contexts, put a stop to birth among his slaves, cattle, U8 .UDU.HI.A dIM [...]) and sheep and goats BBSt. No. 9 ii 28; sibit GUD.MES U si-e-ni sa sarriu sakin mati GN la sheep and goats will not thrive sabati that nobody is to take a levy of cattle or sheep and goats for the king or the U g .UDU.HI.Aus-du "-a governor of GN BBSt. No. 6 i 55, cf. si-bat al-pi si-bat si-en-ni ibid. No. 8:21f. (= p. 51), cf. also si-bat AB.GUD.HI.A U8 .UDU.I.A MDP 10 pl. 11 i 20 and iii 33, also si-bit GUD.MES U U8 .HI.A Unger Bel-Harran-beli-ussur 21; [si]bit GUD.MES-spi-nU U8.UDU.HI.A-sZ-nU la isab: si-ni-ka lu ritpus may your cattle pen be wide, your fold for sheep and goats large bat nobody shall raise a levy from their oxen 12 UDU.NITA.HI.A or their sheep and goats ADD 646:30 and 647:30 (Asb.); rehi sa AB.GUD.HI.A U si-e-nu ewes, three female lambs, total of twenty the balance of the cattle and of the sheep and sheep goats YOS 7 43:7, 10 and 13, cf. UCP 9 99 No. 36:4, also YOS 7 7:1, 198:11, TCL 13 137:8 and 14, Ner. 25:3f., and passim in NB, note also 94 GUD.MES U 8 .UDU.HI.A (SB cf. talitti GUD.MES-ka lu kajdnat [tali]tti si-ni-ka lu sadrat ibid. 21 (SB JRAS 1920 566:19, lit.). GUD.MES 800,100 U8 SILA 4 .UR ana a) in gen.: 5 Us.HI.A 3 SAL.SILA4.HI.A twelve rams, five Szlechter Tablettes 99 MAH 16224:4; 22 4 SAL.SILA 4 .UR 4 29 51 SAL.SILA 4 .GUB 258 Ug.UDU.HI.A 1 MAS.GAL UDU.NITA 28 34 SILA 4 .GUB 94 ewes, 22 female lambs ready to be shorn, 51 rams, 34 male lambs ready to be shorn, 29 female lambs, 28 male lambs, (total of) 258 sheep, and one goat YOS 8 123:7; um unnedukki tammara attunu u PN la tabitta alkama Us . UDU.HI.A their oxen to the city of Assur BRM 4 49:3 (Arik-den-ili), of. AKA 43 ii 52 (Tigl. I), KAH 2 84:88 (Adn. II), OIP 2 28 ii 21 (Senn.); itti 80,050 sheep (as a collective) - 3. SU.NIGiN 20 U 8 .UDU.HI.A URU dAsur ubla I brought [x] hundred of their sheep and goats and one hundred of ... Thompson Rep. ul is-ir tarbas GUD.MES-ka lu sumdul supr 103 r. 1; [...] ME [...] CT 39 17:70 4 cf. talitti AB.GUD.HI.A ab-ba-gu -ha-a Alu), h a Winckler Sar. pl. 7 No. UDU.MES in similar 13:11, for writings contexts, see immeru mng. 2d; si-ni-su-nu 1 ME GUD.MES-'U-n the offspring of the U8 .UDU.HI.A sal-mes atiraana qirib KUR Assurk §a PN 2 buqma ana ipatim la teggia when you see (this) letter of mine, you and PN should not spend (another) night (there, but) come (immediately) and pluck (the wool of) PN2 's sheep, don't be negligent regarding I safely returned all the way back to Assyria with x the wool TCL 18 116:11 (OB let.); [...] 10 UDU si-nu ina 10 UDU si-na-[tim] sa .ibassia cattle and x sheep and goats OIP 2 55:60 (Senn.), cf. YOS 1 45 ii 14 (Nbn.); sassur AB. GUD.HI.A u U8 .UDU.HI.A ina mati ibassi there dSin dAmurru 1 UDU.NITA ikkalu d Samas u dAdad 1 UDU.NITA ikkalu ten sheep, of the ten sheep which there are (all together), DN (and) DN 2 will eat one ram (and) DN 3 and DN 4 will eat one ram BE 6/2 will be warble flies in the country (which affect) cattle and also sheep and goats CT 39 15:28 (Alu); 79:8f. (OB econ.); anumma awile ebbutim ana Ug.UDU.HI.A ... subqumim uwa'eramma at: mihirti GUD.U8.UDU.HI.A ame: luti amdru u mahdru (the "curse" incurred by) seeing (that) income from cattle, sheep and goats, and slaves (is dishonest), but nevertheless accepting it (note the unusual writing GUD for (AB).GUD.HI.A, tardamma I have given instructions to some trustworthy men, and I am now sending the sign- complex is therefore perhaps to be read otherwise than alpu (u) sgnu) Surpu VIII 57; sizib U8.UDU.UI.A ina sikari tuballal you 13 si-e-nu one ram, eight ewes, four young ewes, total of 13 sheep UCP 9 66 No. 43:4 (NB); 143-ta Ug .HI.A 4 UDU ka-lu-mu 60 UDU mix sheep's or goat's milk with beer AMT 59,1:25 (SB), cf. qabit U 8 .UDU.HII.A (them) to get the sheep plucked OECT 3 8:5 libbaqma A (OB let.), cf. U8 .UDU.HI.A ... 3521:25f. (let.), cf, also LIH 25:10, and passim in OB; 1 pu-hal 8 Ug.HI.A 4 par-rat PAP ina 130 oi.uchicago.edu senu senu par-rat PAP 207 U8.UDU.II.A musseretu sa ahulld' sa Idiglat 143 ewes, four lambs, sixty young ewes, total of 207 sheep left (to graze) on the other side of the Tigris YOS 7 145:2; SIG.HI.A ultu gizzi sa si-e-nu wool from the sheep-shearing Nbn. 952:12, also ibid. 754:2. Note, qualified as "white" (as opposed to goats which are qualified as "black," e.g., as in si-e-nu salindu BE 9 24:2, etc., see salmu adj.): 85 UDU pu-hal 36 UDU.NITA MU.2-U 229-ta U8 GAL-tu a-lit-ti 58 UDU.NITA DUM[U] MU.AN.NA 58-ta UDU parrat DUMU.SAL MU.AN.NA PAP 469-[tal si-en BABBAR.MES 85 rams, 36 two-year-old rams, 229 full-grown ewes that have lambed, 58 rams less than one year old, 58 ewes less than one year old, total of 466 (text: 469) white alpum, except in alpam ulu sinam Balkan Letter 33 and ana alpim u Uvs.DU.HI.A AJSL 33 227:2. Hence, all writings ending in HI.A as well as (i.e., the normal Ug.UDU.HI.A and even UV.HI.A) are U8 .UDU.NITA.HI.A considered to be read senu, while for UDU. MES, etc., see immeru, and for uv or Us.MES, see lahru. Note also the spellings UDU.MAS. HI.A MDP 10 No. 1:2 and 7, and UDU.vU MDP 23 184:8, 186:6, and 197:10. senu v.; to load a boat, to load cargo (on a boat), to heap food on a table or fuel on a brazier; OAkk., OB, SB, NA; I isen (OAkk. isdn) - isen (NA i-si-an); cf. senu B adj., sijlnu. ba.e.mar.ra. [gis.ma.gal.gal.TUR.TUR. i] ta [...] kar.ra us.sa.ta : [ul-tu e-lip-pe-ti rabba-ti] si-ih-hi-re-e-ti i-se-nu [ultu ... .] ina (kari) ik-lu-u after (Enlil) had loaded the big and small ships, after he [...] moored them in the harbor KAR 375 iv 33f. s. BE 10 132:5, cf. (with BABBAR.MES omitted) ibid. 13, cf. also BE 9 1:4 and 18 (all NB); [su-b]a-at si-e-ni = MIN (= [si-pa-a-tum]) Malku VI 6, cf. na-al-ba-dssi-e-ni (in difficult context) OIP 2 109 vi 87, also ibid. 122:19 (Senn.); note that in TCL 11 162:6 a group of various kinds of sheep, termed Ug.UDU.HI.A in the sub-total, is added to a group of various kinds of goats, termed UZ.MAS.HI.A (line 11) in the sub-total, and that both categories together are termed u8s.tz.UI.A in the grand total (line 12). The transliteration u 8 here renders the sign-complex LAGABxSUM.ZIB, the exact reading of which is uncert. since the Sumerian reading in A 1/2 307f. is broken. In Ea I 109f. the readings u, 6-a, are given for this sign, but there the Akk. equivalents are broken. A reading commencing in u is indicated by the gloss us-du-ha-a for U8 .UDU.I.A in Thompson Rep. 103:11, cited sub mng. 2b. In OAkk. and OA (exceptionally also in LB), senum is a collective used in the singular, while from OB on it is a fem. pl. tantum. Beside the normal pl. senu, the gen. pl. senatim has to be restored in BE 6/2 79, cited mng. 3a, unless we assume a scribal mistake for si-ni. This plural snu is used parallel to alpi lidtum (AB.GUD.II.A), while it is immerum that corresponds to the singular (GUD.II.A) or na.izi bi.in.si.si : se-e-ni qutrinna incense is heaped up 4R 20 No. 1:26f. a) to load a boat (with cargo): summa awilum maldham u elippam igurma se'am sipatim samnam suluppi u mimma sumu sa se-nim i-se-en-si if a man hires a skipper with his boat, and he loads it with barley, wool, oil, dates, or any other cargo CH § 237:43f.; [mimma isd e]-se-en-si mimma isu e(var. i)-seen-si kaspa mimma i[si e]-se-en-Si hurdsa mimma iszd [e-se-en]-si zir napsati kalama I loaded it (the ark) with all my possessions, I loaded it with all the silver there was, I loaded it with all the gold there was, I [loaded] it with all the living creatures there were Gilg. XI 80-83; see also lex. section. b) to load cargo (on a boat): in MA.MA isa-na-ma he loaded (the stones) on boats (and moored the boats in the harbor of Agade) UET 1 274 v 15 (Manistusu); 1 GUR erbi ... ina elippim se-na-am-ma u atta alkam load one gur of locusts (and fish) in the boat and come yourself UET 5 32:13 (OB let.), cf. x AE.GUR inamakurrim se-nam-ma Fish Letters 15:25, and samassamm §a ina makurrimse-nu ibid. 31; se'am ... limhuruma ina MA.i.DUB reqim se-nam-ma ana Bdbilim sibilam they 131 oi.uchicago.edu senu seperu should accept the barley, then load it on an empty cargo boat and send it here to Babylon LIH 37:12; GI.II.A se-e-nim-ma (for senamma) liblam load the reeds (on boats), and let him bring (them) here VAS 16 141:14, cf. a-wilam GI.HI.A i-se-en-na-am 1 SUv.S GI.HI.A isbilam as to the man, he will load the reeds for me - send me sixty (loads) of reeds Euphrates poplar (for the burning of the figurines) AfO 18 296:4; 4 libnati sahd tanaddi lute sarbati te-se-en you set up four bricks at an angle (and) heap cuttings of Euphrates poplar (on them) (followed by abra tuStahhaz you set fire to the pyre) 4R 55 No. 2:16, also STC 2 pl. 84:108, see Ebeling Handerhebung 136, cf. 2 libnati ... tasakkan lute te-se-en KAR 26 TCL 17 68:13; ulldnum requssu la iturram DUHi.UD.DU sunuti li-se-nam muhur kima r. 20, also lute e'ri ina muhhi garakku te-se-en BRM 4 6:15, riqq kalisunu GIS hu-pe-e sarbate se'im usur he must not return from there empty-handed, he should load that dry bran for me, accept (it), and look after (it) as if ina muhhi te-se-en AMT 84,4 r. iii 11, flour, dates, salt S[IM.(MES)] kaliunu 7 lahanni dispa ... tumalldma ina muhhi ab-ri te-se-en KAR 25 iii 19; note brazier, etc., as direct object: ab-r[u t]e-se-en ibid. 14, KI.NE i-si-an K.3455 r. 3 (NA rit.); masmau lam it were barley A 3598:30 (OB let.), MA.U 5 sa 40 GUR ... ana PN ... cf. GIs. idimma suluppi u tittam (wr. GIS.PE.HI.A) ana Sippar li-se-e-en give a passenger boat of forty gur capacity to PN and he should load dates and figs (for transportation) to Sippar A 3533:12, fab-ril sarri niknakke kalisunu DE eddeti i-se-en the conjuration priest heaps all the censers with embers(?) of boxthorn wood before the king also suluppi u samassammi ... li-se-nu-nimma ... liblinim LIH 22 r. 6; anumma PN (comes) qadum elippim ana eperZ se-e-nim ittalkuni kunsim ina libbi cmi isten [l]u se-nu PN has just left to come to you with a boat to load "earth," it (the "earth") should be loaded in i 27. BBR No. 26 iv 38; obscure: summa amelu res libbisu um-ma-am se-[el-en AMT 39,1 For i-si-en-bu-ma in Gossmann Era I 38, see zdnu usage a-1'a'. Thureau-Dangin, RA 22 174 n. 5. one day YOS 2 95:10 and 14, cf. TCL 18 145:5 and 10, 146:4 and 7, TCL 17 1:10, cited elippu usage e-2'. seperu v.; 1. to strand (hair and linen), to dress (hair), to trim, decorate (with stones), to trim away, to pinch(?), 2. suppuru to pare (vegetables and nails), to keep a ditch trim(?), to trim a branding iron; Nuzi, SB, NA; I iseppir (isappir)-stativesapir, II; festival platter Gilg. P. iv 17, after photograph cf. musappirtu, sepru, sipirtu A and B, sipru, PBS 10/3 pl. 70; LU kimru ina muhhi passri suppuru. c) to heap food on a table: ana pass r sakki e-se-en ukldt bit emi sajahdtim I shall heap the fancy dishes for the wedding on the te-se-en you heap .... artificially ripened dates on the table (you offer the light collation simultaneously) BBR No. 60:27 (NA rit.), cf. passura tasakkan ... miris diSpi himeti te-se-en ibid. No. 1-20:62 and 139 (SB). d) to heap fuel on a brazier: nappata LA-as GI.MES te-se-en you arrange a brazier (and) heap reeds (on it) JCS 1 331 r. 19', cf. nappatu ina panisu LA-as GI.MES kartiti lute hashuri ina muhhi te-se-en you arrange a brazier before him (the patient), you heap cut reeds (and) cuttings of apple wood on it KAR 90 r. 1; huluppaqqaana mahar Samas tasakkan lute sarbatu te-se-en you set up a brazier in front of Samas (and) heap (on it) cuttings of AG(?) = se-pe-ru s IGI BRM 4 33 i 1 (group voc.); a.sa.dib.dib.ba, e.kal.kala.ga = su-up-pu-ru sd i-ki Nabnitu X 86f.; an.ta.sur.ra, sa.dib. ba, ~ .I~H.HIbi-ir, a.k6e.da= su-up-pu-ru d lib-bi ibid. 89ff., sa.sur.ra, isa.u.dib.dib.ba = MIN sd ir-ri ibid. 93f., 1.SIG4 .HUL = MIN sd MIN (to be emended to i-ga-ri?) ibid. 95, for the group: an.ta.sur.ra, sa.sur.ra, sa.HI.HIbi-ir see sar baru A lex. section. sa.mah sa.sig.ginx(GIM) (var. sa.nigin.ga) su.mu.un.dib.dib.[bi] : amahu kima irri qatni i-sap-pir (the disease) pinches the colon as if it were the small intestine CT 17 25:34f., var. from dupl. KAR 368:7f. tu-sap-par 5R 45 K.253 iii 60 (gramm.). 132 1. to strand (hair and linen), to dress (hair), to trim, decorate (with stones), to oi.uchicago.edu seperu sepru trim away, to pinch(?) - a) to strand (hair and linen): musdtisa teleqqi kunistam ta-sapir you take combings from her hair, strand it into a roll of hair (to be put into the hair of a woman who loses hair) AMT 3,2:7, also, wr. ta-sap-pir KAR 202 ii 24; ana bullutisu GA[DA] ta-sap-pirsaman surmeni tasallah ana libbi uznesu tasakkan to heal him you strand (or roll) linen, sprinkle it with cypress oil, put b) to keep a ditch trim(?): see su-up-puru sd i-ki Nabnitu X 86f., in lex. section. c) to trim a branding iron: x sendu parzilli ... ana su-up-pu-ru ina pan PN SIMUG.AN.BAR x branding irons are with the blacksmith PN for trimming GCCI 1 194:3. The middle radical p, the thematic vowel i, attested in the present isappir and iseppir (the tampon) into his ears AMT 37,2:6, cf. and in the inf. seperu, suggest uniting under TUG.GADA ta-sap-[pir ... ] ana nahrrisu this verb a number of sometimes disparate meanings. They are concerned on the one taSakkan AMT 25,6 ii 10, also AMT 28,3:7, hand with arranging, decorating, etc., and 90,2:18 (coll. Thompson, PRSM 19 66 n. 6) and r. 5; note: TUG.GADA te-se-pir ... ana libbi on the other with paring off superfluous parts, cutting down, etc. In the first group of mursi tasakkan AMT 16,5:6. meanings seperu refers to human hair (see b) to dress (hair): madattu sa KUR Si-par- musappirtu), to fibers (wool and linen), to me-na sa kima MUNUS.MES(var. adds -te) the decorating of manufactured objects with sap-ru-ni amhur I received the tribute from beads, tassels, etc.; the second group usu(the men of) Mount GN who dress (their ally is expressed by suppuru, and only exhair) like women AKA 322:76 (Asn.); see also ceptionally (see the ref. cited mng. Id) by Kraus Texte 25 r. 6 cited sepru usage a. seperu. This shows that suppuru in the c) to trim, decorate (with stones): hattum refs. sub mng. 2 cannot be considered a uqniam la sa-ap-ra-at (when) the scepter was denominative of supru, "nail." The etynot (yet) trimmed with lapis lazuli Bab. 12 mology proposed by Thompson in PRSM 17 pl. 12 i 8 (OB Etana); p. 11 n. 1 see also Gilg. Y. 169 cited sipru mng. 4. d) to trim away: whoever damages or hides my inscription on stone lu amelita sikin napisti uma'aruma us~hazu ipalsitu i-sa-ap-pi-ru or orders anybody else and instigates him (so) that he erases or trims away (words, or changes its contents into the opposite) AKA 250 v 71 (Asn.). e) to pinch(?): see CT 17, in lex. section, and see sepru. 2. suppuru to pare (vegetables and nails), to keep a ditch trim(?), to trim a branding iron - a) to pare (vegetables and nails): kima azupirani li-sap-pi-ru-si kispisa may her spells "trim" her as (one trims the vegetable) azupiranu (play on the words suppuru and azupiranu) Maqlu V 31; kima naqimtu ssi 4-sap-pi-ra su-pur-a-a he (Marduk) trimmed my nails as if (attending to his task of) expelling a tabooed woman (from the city) (mng. obscure) Lambert BWL 54 line f (Ludlul III). of Arab. dafara, "to braid a woman's hair, a rope," should be mentioned here; the semantic and etymological background of the verb or verbs listed here is much too difficult and complex to admit of simple explanations. von Soden, Or. NS 20 158f. sepru (sapru) adj.; pinched; OB, Bogh., SB; cf. seperu. a) in physiogn. (as an abnormal feature): akin [Summa Sapti K]U 6 .LT.Ux(GISGAL).LU ... imitta u sumela arkama sap-ra if his lips are like those of a "fish-man," (commentary:) they are long at the right and the left and pinched Kraus Texte 12c iii 2; summa appa sa-pir if (a man) has a pinched nose Kraus Texte 13:34 and 25:10; summa SAL appi tulisa sa-pi-ir if a woman has pinched nipple(s) ibid. lib vii 18', also KAR 472 ii 12'; Jumma suqti sep-rat if her chin is pinched KAR 206 i 2', see Kraus, MVAG 40/2 54, rat Kraus Texte lic viii 13', also suqtu gep- SAL . . . SAG.KI- s sa-pir LBAT 1593:6'; summa &littuappaa 133 oi.uchicago.edu **se'pu serretu A SAL abbuttu sap-rat (possibly tressed, for which mng. see seperu mng. lb) Kraus Texte seritu s.; open place, open country; Nuzi; wr. syll. and EDIN.MES; cf. seru A. ki-i-du (explained as) se-e-ru ge-ri-i-tum CT 31 39 25 r. 6. i 31 (gloss in ext.). in diagn. (as symptom of a disease): summa ... appasu sa-pir Labat TDP 82:25, dupl. appasu sa-pi-ir KUB 4 14:4; summa pan su sep-ru talammasu purrur if his face A.sA paihu ina URn GN i-na si-ri-ti JEN 19:5; qaqqaru halahwe i-na zi-ri-e-ti ina JRU sa-pir // za-qir Labat TDP 200:15; summa b) GN JEN 101:9; (with bad prognosis) is pinched, his .... Labat TDP 78:71, also, wr. sap-ru ibid. 72. Nuzi line 5) JEN 266:7, cf. bitati ina zi-ri-ti i-na TJRU GN-ma (in contrast to bitati ina c) other occs.: Ninkarrak cursed ir-ra-am sa-ap-ra-am the pinched intestines Bohl libbi Leiden Coll. 2 p. 5:36 (OB inc., translit. only), 189:7, cf. suppuru sa irri in seperu lex. section; obscure: Sa anaKAB(?)-su qarnu sap-ru STC 1 217 r. 7 (astrol. comm.), see sapdru B. **e'pu, sihpu (Bezold Glossar 233a) see ze'pu. serbetu see sarbatu. towards, against; OB, SB; [x x] x.si = sir-ri-is Nabnitu XXII 208. alkamma se-ri-is(var. -rig) DN i ni-i[l-lik] illikuma qudmis DN usibu "(O Mummu) 9 110:7, etc.; bitati ina EDIN-ri-ti ina pat PN JEN 131:8; houses ina zi-ri-ti ina lit kuppati sa PN HSS 5 72:31, also (similar) JEN 213:14; 1 bitu ina zi-ri-ti ina sutdn KA [. .. ] JEN 600:8; [ina] si-ri-ti.MES JENu 414:4. the ground) before Tiamat mng. 3c. The word is here considered a derivative of seru as kiditu is of kidu. It now seems likely that ziritu (mng. uncert.) CAD 21 (Z) p. 134b, occurring only twice in Elam, should be connected with seritu. Oppenheim, Or. NS 7 378f. **serku come and let us go to Tiamat," (so) they (Apsu and Mummu) went and sat down (on En. el. I 32, cf. se-ri-is Tiamat a ikmil itiira arkis he (Marduk) turned back to Tiamat, whom he had bound ibid. IV 128; itti LU1quradija la gameliti se-ris RN ana Kiski astakan panja accompanied by my merciless warriors, I directed myself toward Kish against RN OIP 2 51:25 (Senn.); ina liti u kisitti qdti se-ris ndkirl liszizanni may they (the gods) set me up over (my) enemies in triumph and victory Borger Esarh. 27 ix 12; URU GN line 5) JEN 20:7, also JEN 194:6, 234:11, 565:6, HSS 5 68:6, HSS For EDIN.MES possibly to be read sertu in HSS 5 52:7 and JENu 240:6, see seru A serbatu see sarbatu. serit prep.; cf. seru A. ina exchange of houses zi-ri-ti ina URU Nuzi in a suburb belonging to Nuzi (in contrast to: houses ina libbi URU serrani adv.; past the cap of the doorpivot; SB; cf. serru A. apanis irrubu si-ra-niS ihallup (Lamastu) enters through the window, slips in past the cap of the door-pivot RA 18 163 r. 17, cf. ihallup si(var. sir)-ra-ni§ LKU 33:30, var. from KAR 239 i 19; kima sikke la tahallupi sir(var. si)-ra-nis do not slip in past the cap of the door-pivot like a mongoose 4R 58 i 19, also ZA 16 168:19, var. from PBS 1/2 113:54. von Soden, Or. NS 23 341f. aban nade hargulls se- ris Tdmtim the stone for placing locks upon Tiamat (mng. obscure) ibid. 85:52; se-ris ittabsi imtd tanihu losses and sorrows fell upon him ZA 4 252 i 14 and 16 (SB rel.); si-riij d[... li]-it-ra-a-ki-im (in broken context, VAS 10 215 r. 13 (OB possibly sZris, not sri) lit.), see von Soden, ZA 44 34:41. von Soden, ZA 41 145. (Bezold Glossar 239b) see muskd. serratu see serretu A. serretu A (serratu,sarratu)s.; 1. nose-rope, lead-rope, halter, 2. rope used as an oarlock, 3. nose ring (as a piece of jewelry), 4. leadrope (in transferred mngs.); from OAkk., 134 OB on; sar-rat ADD 1053 ii 4, si-rat OECT 6 pi. 2 K.8664 2, wr. zir-ri-t4 ADD 941 ii 4. oi.uchicago.edu serretu A serretu A es-gi-ri SIBIR (i.e., U+ENXGAN-ten?) Proto-Ea 418, in MSL 2 64, for reading cf. SIBIR with gloss es-ki-ri VAS 10 101:11; stu-e-galSIBIR = eb-lu sir-ri-ti Hh. XXII (unpub. fragm. Ur X 138:8); gis.SIBIR, gis.es.kiri 4 , gis.mar.kas = sir-ri-tu (vars. si-ri-tum, sir-rit) Hh. VII B 197-197b; gis. SIBIR = sir-ri-tum = [x]-x-ta-nu Hg. II 157, in MSL 6 141; gis. IBIR.gi.muS = sir-rit pa-ri-su loop to hold the oar in place Hh. IV 409; gis.ti. ba.kdr.ra = sir-rit i-me-ri, ka-a-a-u halter for a donkey Hh. VII B 189f., also, adding the explanation: = MIN ([x]-x-ta-nu) Sd AN§E Hg. II 158, in MSL 6 141; [gis.(x)].bar, gis.bar.gal, gis.x.x. x, gis.uru, gis.u.ru, gis.a.ri, [gis].kab, [gis. PA], [gis.PA].PA, [gis ... ].nig.ur, [gis.x.(x)]. gar = sir-ri-tu Hh. VII B 198ff.; [gis.KA].gud = MIN GUD ibid. 207, 2. rope used as an oarlock: for sir-rit pdrisu Hh. IV 409, see lex. section; summa sulmu kima sir-rit pa-ri-su if there is a pustule like a rope used as an oarlock TCL 6 3:41, and cf. summa s~ipusu NA kima sir-rit pa-ri-s[u] Boissier DA p. 15 iv 3, see Boissier Choix p. 206 (SB ext.), also CT 31 23 K.3490:7, also K.3746 (unpub. text, courtesy W. G. Lambert). 3. nose ring (as a piece of jewelry for women): [gis.LUM.LUM].anse (restored after Forerunner 234, in MSL 6 157) = MIN ANSE ibid. 208; giS.'riURI.KI = ap-pa-tan, gi.gi-i'-M1NuRI.KI = sir-ra-tan, giS .'-riURI.KI = siin-ni-tan Hh. VI 55ff., also Diri III 6ff.; [za-ag] [ZAG] = sir-ri-t[um] A VIII/4:34, zag = sir-ri-ti A-Tablet 466, and cf. [x-X]ZAG = si-r[i-tum] Sa Voc. AE 21'; hu-um LUM = sir-ri-ti A V/1: 11. KUzi-ir.KA an.ki.a as.a.ni a.ba.ni.in.tab: litmuh edissisa sir-rit ame u ersetim let her take the reins of heaven and earth by herself RA 11 144:12 1 (= TCL 6 No. 51:23f.); kalam gis.IBIRT bi.in.dib.ba : sir-rit nisz likil 4R 18 No. 2 r. 13; [...] = sir-ri-tum An VIII 41. 1. nose-rope, lead-rope, halter (to direct an animal, or a prisoner) - a) referring to animals: for sir-rit imeri, see lex. section, Hh. VII B 189f. and 208, for sir-rit alpi, see ibid. 207; si-ri-it ale the nose-rope of the alibull KUB 4 12 r.(!) 17, also ibid. line 22 (Gilg.). b) referring to prisoners: Mummu ittamah ukdl sir-rit-su (var. [si]r-ri-is-su) he seized Mummu, holding him by a nose-rope En. el. I 72, cf. ittadi ser-re-e-ti idisunu ukassi he put nose-ropes (on the monsters), he tied their arms ibid. IV 117; he broke the weapon ana si-ir-ri-tim u HAR kaspim asrdnum supis convert (the balance of this silver, amounting to seven minas and fifty shekels of silver) there into a nose ring of silver and a silver ring ARM 1 46:30 (let. of Samsi-Adad to his son); 2 HAR.GiR KU.GI AS.AS 1 si-ir-ri-tumr K.GI two ankle rings of gold, double, one nose ring of gold RA 43 174:12 (Qatna inv.); 1 huppi hurdsi 2 zir-ri-tc MIN 2 qaputu kaspi ADD 941 ii 4. 4. lead-rope (in transferred mngs.) a) referring to a cosmological feature of heaven: is-tu si-ri-it []a-me-e urdini (the diseases) have come down from the "leadrope" of heaven JCS 9 10:10 (OB), cf. is-tu sir-ritAN-e urdu AMT 26,1:7; note the variants istu ziqqurrat same JCS 9 9:10 (OB), and istu MUL same ibid. 11 C 5; his (Agum's) rule shall be steeped in prosperity sir-ri-it AN-e rapscti li-ip-pe-ta-si the "lead-rope" of vast heaven shall be opened for him (and the clouds [.. .] rain) 5R 33 vii 16 (Agum-kakrime); [mu§a]znin nalsi ina sir-rit samdmi he (Marduk) lets dew fall down the "lead-rope" of the heavens AfO 19 61:9 (SB rel.), cf. Lambert BWL 126:17; 1 sar-ratAN-e one (tablet titled), "The 'lead-rope' of heaven" ADD 1053 ii 4 (list of literary texts, followed by iqqur ipus, coll. A. of his enemy sir-rit nakrisu qdtussu itmuh seized the nose-rope of his enemy with his Sachs). hand Hinke Kudurru ii 5; sa ... hammami sa rulership: tamhdkuma PA.AN.MES sir-rit same arba'i iddu sir-re-e-tu he who put nose-ropes on the usurpers from everywhere (see ina qdteja sab[tdku] I (IStar) am in possession of the (symbols of the) divine offices, in my hands I hold the "lead-rope" of heaven KAR hammamu) Lyon Sar. 2:9, and passim in Sar.; mukil sir-ritmaliki who holds kings by noseropes Borger Esarh. 96:24; UZU.ME.Z1-8U aplus ina lahsisu attadi sir-ri-tu I pierced him under his chin (see isu) and put a rope on his jawbone Streck Asb. 80 ix 107. 135 b) in descriptions of gods, referring to their 306:30, cf. i-na se-re-et a-bu-bi (in broken context) ibid. r. 25; uktinma itmuhma djMar duk rittulu si-ir-rit [dI]gigi Anunnaki (wr. 600) markas Ja[me u erseti] Marduk made firm and took into his hand the "halter" of oi.uchicago.edu serretu A serretu A the Igigi (and) Anunnaki, the connecting link between heaven and earth Craig ABRT 1 31 r. 8; [qur]ddu Idrra si-rit (var. sir-rat) correspondence e .kiri 4 , "nose-rope." The use of the word to denote reins represents a transfer to draft animals; it is attested same tamhata only in Hh. VI 56 and Diri III 7, which use you, heroic Irra, hold the "lead-rope" of heaven Gossmann Era p. 25 r. ii 2, var. from JNES 19 149, cf. tamih sir-ri-[ti same] (referring to Ninurta-Kaksisa) JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 2:9, tameh si-rat AN-e (said of Assur) OECT 6 pl. 2 K.8664:2 (coll.), cf. also mukil sir-rit same u erseti ibid. line 12. serretan in parallelism with appatdn and sinnitdn. Only appatdn, however, should be translated "reins," because it alone refers to the equipment of animals pulling a vehicle and directed by a driver. The late passage c) referring to the rulership over mankind, in a figurative sense - 1' said of gods: Istar rittuSsa si-ri-it nisi u-ki-a-al Istar holds in her hand the "halter" of mankind VAS comparison to an animal pulling a chariot, which suggests a translation "reins," rather than "halter," is unique. VAB 4 146 ii 32, sub mng. 4c-2', with the Complications arise from two sources, first 10 214 ii 10 (OB Agusaja), cf. sdbitat sir-rit sar= the use of the determinative GIs in the rani STC 2 77:32. vocabulary passages cited, and second, the unpub. Hh. passage (Ur X 138, in lex. section), which speaks of the "rope of the serretu" nisi qdtissu iddinu when Enlil gave him suggesting that the serretu was an object (cf. into his hand the "halter" (guiding) mankind mng. 3, "nose ring") to which a rope was PBS 5 36 r. iii 15 (Naram-Sin); when Enlil gave him the land and the people to rule si-ir-ra- attached. The Sumerian gis.sibir as well si-na ana qdtisu umalliu and placed their as eskiri (wr. GIS.SIBIR, see Diri III 39) refer "halter" in his hand LIH 94:28, cf. sir-ri-is- clearly to staffs or the like (see sibirru and sa ana qdtija umalli LIH 95:17, with the pu'du), and gis.ti.ba.kfir.ra is equated not Sum. correspondence e .kiri4 .bi su.ni.se only with serret imeri (Hh. VII B 189 and Hg. 2' said of kings: inn dEnlil ... si-ra-at bi.in.si.a LIH 62:28 and 61:31 (all Hammurapi); tamih sir-ri-ti (said of Agum-kakrime) 5R 33 i 21; sir-rit (var. si-ri-ti) kala nisi qtua II usmallu (Sagarakti- urias as reported by Nbn.) CT 34 35:47, var. from VAB 4 248 iii 26; which in [t]dmeh sir-r[i-it.. .] Borger Esarh. 118 § 95:7, also Streck Asb. 278:7; sarrdni sade nesiti ... sa dMarduk ... ana saddd sirdi u si-ra- at-si-na umallu qdtua the kings of distant mountain regions, whose reins Marduk placed in my hand so that they now pull his (Marduk's) ropes VAB 4 146 ii 32 (Nbk.); [rubd] sir-rit mdti u[kdl] Izbu Comm. 322; note the exceptional mat rube sir-rit irassi the land of the prince will have "reins" (imposed on it) TCL 6 5 r. 49 (SB ext.). The mng. "halter, lead-rope" fits all refs. from literary texts and denotes in nearly every instance the rope passed through the nose or around the muzzle of an animal (bull, donkey) in order to guide it. It was also used on human beings, actually or figuratively. This mng. is fully supported by the Sum. 136 158, in lex. section) but also with kaju, "donkey goad," and makkaru a imeri ibid. On the other hand, the "Akkadian wood" Hh. VI 55ff. and Diri III 6ff. is rendered by appatdn, serretan, and sinnitdn may refer to an originally wooden device through which the reins of the team passed from the driver standing on the chariot. If this be acceptable, serretu as a lead-rope or halter attached to the nose or muzzle of an animal would represent an early stage, and serretan in the mng. "guiding device for reins," would represent a later stage. Though serretu does not refer to any kind of metal ring passed through the nose of an animal, the term was used as the designation of such a ring worn by women as an ornament. The refs. to serret imeri and the relation of the terms for "staff," "goad," etc., remain obscure. All later refs., in which the word occurs only in figurative mng., are based on the original connotation of serretu or eskiri. oi.uchicago.edu serretu B serru B The cosmological term seems to denote some kind of rope which keeps the rain tied up in heaven and on which (or by means of which) the diseases are said to descend to earth. (for: nam.mu.un.da.tu.tu.de) gis.za.ra ki.ta nam : ina ser-ri eli la terrubsu ina ser-ri sapli MIN do not enter to him past the upper Ad mng. 1: Poebel, AS 14 37; Salonen Hippologica 126ff.; Gordon Sumerian Proverbs p. 121. Ad mng. 2: Salonen Wasserfahrzeuge 106. Ad mng. 4a: Goetze, JCS 9 14. serretu B (surritu) s.; whiskers(?); SB.* [summa] izbu sur-ri-it // si-ri-it nesi sakin if an izbu has the whiskers(?) of a lion pivot, do not enter to him past the lower pivot ASKT p. 94-95:56f., dupl. RA 17 125 iii 10f., also, with comm. sd [...] sikkuri 4aknu, [... b]irit dalati AfO 12 241:17ff., of. also gis.za.ra nam.ba.kas 4 .[kas 4 .e.de] : ina ser-ri l[a ... ] CT 16 22:258; ma.mu.ginx(GIM) za.ra nu.mu. [... ] : kima sutti ina ser-ri like a dream, past the pivot (referring to Nergal) 4R 24 No. 1:48f. summa izbu 1. door-pivot - a) in gen.: summa sinuntu ina ser-ri x x if a swallow [builds a nest] in the pivot (of the door) of a house (followed by "in the lock," and other parts if an izbu has whiskers(?) of the door) CT 41 2 K.6765+ r. 2' (SB Alu); CT 27 40:28, and dupl. LKU 121:4, for comm. to this passage see sirtu A lex. section; summa izbu NA4 kasurril aqarasa saddisu ruqu ramma ina sapal ser-ri dalati babdni ekallija ukin I brought back with me costly "stone from Gasur" (quarried) in faraway mountains and set it up under the pivots of the door leaves BM 99078:15, and BM 66967:7; si-ri-ta sakin sir-ri-ta sakinma x-[... ana] sumeli rakis if an izbu has whiskers(?) and .... is bound on the left CT 27 40:30, and dupl. LKU 121:6, E cf. also succeeding lines (all SB Izbu). In the BM passage, serretu occurs in a section dealing with teeth. In the other refs. it is between a passage dealing with nostrils and another dealing with the mouth. Therefore, serretu is probably a feature near the mouth, perhaps the whiskers. serretu C s.; sheen; SB*; cf. sardru B. summa MTL.LU.BAD ina ITI MN ippuhma // Du-ma se-re-es-su <sa>-al-mat (var. sal-mat) if a planet rises with the sun (var. becomes of my palace's gates OIP 2 127 I 13:5 (Senn., wr. on a black stone); ina bdbi kami u ser-ri dalti tetemmir you bury (the magical preparation) at the outer door by the doorpivot KAR 298 r. 44, see Gurney, AAA 22 74. b) as a means of entry for demons: see bil. refs. in lex. section; bab biti irrubam ihallup se-ra-a[m] ihlup se-ra-am she enters through the door of the house, she slips in past the door-pivot, she has slipped in past the door-pivot stationary) in MN, and its sheen is dark TCL 6 16:10, see Largement, ZA 52 238. 2. pivot cap (made of copper): see (with U+SAG, describing exactly the metal cap on serretu see serru B. the pivot) Hh. XI, in lex. section. Salonen Tiren 66f. (with prev. lit.). serru A (sarru)s.; 1. door-pivot, 2. pivot cap; BIN 2 72:7f. (OB lit.), see von see also serrdnis. Soden, Or. NS 23 338; from OB on; sarru CT 17 35:57; cf. serranis. gis.U+SAG.ig, gis.kul.ig, gis.za.ra.ig = saar-ru Hh. V 261ff., vars. [gis.x.ig], [gis.s]ui.ig, [gis.u+s]AG.ig and gii.suH.ig, gis.kul.gilim. in Sum. column, see MSL 6 p. 27 note; i[g] [urud.kul].gis.ig, [urud.za.ra].gis.ig,[urud. U+SAG.gis].ig = ser-ru Hh. XI 418ff. mu.un.za.la.ah.e.ne : i.lu gis.za.ra.ta ga ina askuppati u sir(var. sar)-ri iziqqu (the demons) who drift in through the (openings between) the threshold and the pivots (of doors) CT 17 35:56f., cf. gis.za.ra im.ginx(GiM) : [ina] ser-ri kma dari CT 16 12 i 34f., and, wr. ina ser (var. ser-ri) ibid. 9 ii 22f.; gis.za.ra an.ta nam serru B (fem. serretu) s.; enemy, second wife, rival; OB, MB, SB; wr. syll. (DAM. TAB.BA in usage b); cf. serru B in bel serri. dam.tab.ba = tap-pu-~, tap-pat-turn,ser-re-tum Hh. I 93aff.; dam.tab.ba = [ser]-re-tum = ki-nidu tum Hg. I 10, in MSL 5 44; me.im.KA - ser-reti, me.a.ri (var. me.im.ri) = e-me-tu, a.ri-ibrib = mar-ti e-me Erimhus II 229ff. 137 a) serru enemy: ila ana ser-ri-su sarra ana ze'irisu litirrusu may they (the gods) turn (his personal) god into his enemy, the king into his adversary MDP 6 pl. 11 iv 14 (MB kudurru); ana ser-ri-ka [kaba]ttaka limmirsu oi.uchicago.edu serru B seru A be friendly to your enemy (preceded by ana raggikato your ill-wisher) Lambert BWL 100:44. b) serretu second wife, rival: see lex. section; if there are two kidneys in the right renal region NIN-tu DAM.TAB.BA TUK-<i? the lady (of the house) will have a rival KAR I/2:204ff.; si'[ug]sUG = se-e-rum Nabnitu XXII 198; su-ugSUG = se-e(var. -i)-ru (in group with kidu and bamdtu) Erimhus VI 7; sug.zag.gagi.a 152:12 (SB ext.). se-er ba-ma-tum ma-lu-u Lu Excerpt II 58. za-ag ZAG = se-e-[ru] Idu I 159a, also (preceded by ba-ma-a-tum) A VIII/4:11; zag = se-e-ru ATablet 458; [z]ag, x, [x] = se-e-rum Nabnitu XXII 200-201b. ba-ar BAR = [me-ril-su, me-ris-tum, se-e-ru, ki-idi, ti-rik-tum A I/6:231-235; bar = se-ru ATablet 603a; ba-a[r]bar = se-e-rum Nabnitu XXII The OB mng. of serretu is to be separated from the SB, where DAM.TAB.BA se-e-rum Nabnitu XXII 195-197a; su-ug SUG = ap-par-um, si-su-u4, se-e-rum MSL 2 128 ii 19-21 (Proto-Ea); su-ug suG = s-sc-u, lah-tu, s[e-e-ru], ba-ma-tu Ea I 61-61c; su-ug SUG = ap-pa-[ru], [la-a]h-tum, e-li-[tuml, se-e-r[u], ap-su-[ul A means "rival" rather than "second wife" as a legal status. Ad usage b: Landsbcrger, AfO 10 145 n. 28; Ungnad, AfO 14 273. serru B in bel serri (belet serri) s.; adversary; SB; cf. serru B. salam EN sir-ri-iau NIN sir-ri-ia (these are) the figurines of my adversaries, male and 202; [ XHUR] = [s]e-e-rum Izi H 198; ul-[ul1KIB - se-e-rum Nabnitu XXII 199. mur-gu SIG4 = pu-d-du sd [ameli] man's shoulder, e-se-rum (for se-e-rum) back, [...], e-se-en-s[e-ru] backbone, ar-ka-[tum] rear A V/1: 84ff.; x.E.sIG4 . si = se-ru-um sa su.sI Nabnitu XXII 202a; [uzu][nll]u-url-g[u][sIG 4] = se-e-ru = e-se-en-se-rum Hg. B IV 35. [di-ri] [SI.A] = as-ser Diri I 47; diri = as-ser female AfO 18 289:5, also KAR 80:28, Maqlu I 80, cf. EN sir-ri-MU u NIN Sir-ri-MU Maqlu II 43, zikurud sa awliitim sa bel ikkija sa <EN> si-ri-iasa bel dinija PBS 1/2 121:7; [bel serrija lu bel se]r-ri-ki Iraq 22 222:8. Nabnitu XXII 206; u-gu U+KA = mLu-uh-hu, e-li, as-ser Diri III 143-145; Nabnitu XXII 204f.; All occurrences are in enumerations of ugu, [x].ki = as-ser ga-lil-la MALX KID.LAL = E adversaries such as bel (and belet) ikki, bel (and belet) ridi, dini, etc. se-ri AIV/4: 195, see also mng. 3j-2'; giS.ta. = asi-tu sd se-e-ri, gi .ta nu.e = la MTN ad MIN Nabnitu M 256f.; [mas].ane = MIN (= bu-lum) EDIN Antagal D 59; AKKIL, ad.KID = rig-mu sd serru see seru B. EDIN // UR.[MAH] **serru (Bezold Glossar 240a) see sirhu B. seru see siru A s. seru A s.; 1. back, 2. (as prep., adv., and conj.) over, upon, above, on top of, in addition to, towards, to, against, 3. hinterland, back country, open country, fields, plain, steppeland; mngs. 1 and 3 from OB on, mng. 2 OA, OB, SB, Akkadogram in Hitt.; note the writing si-i-ru Erimhus VI 7; wr. syll. and EDIN(.NA); cf. lik seri, pan seri, seris, seritu, seru A in bit seri, seru A in rabi seri, seru A in a sesri, su'ru. e-di-in EDIN = e-di-nu, se-e-ru Sb I 90f.; e-din ED[IN] (followed by two other forms of the EDIN sign described by the sign name as composed of GA+PAP+U-gunf+DI and GA+HAR+BUR respectively) = se-re-rul Ea IV 46ff.; edin = se-e-ru Igituh I 221; DUG.siLA.BUR.na (for: edin.na) = se-e-[ru] KUB 3 94 ii 4; nig.ir.limmu.ba edin.na = Hh. nam-mas-ju-u se-ri (var. se-e-ri), MIN dGiR XIV 395f.; edin, an.edin, [(x)J.BAD, [X].x.HA = Nabnitu B 206f. edin.na a. sa.ga gun gur.ru gun he.en.na. an.ggr.ru : se-e-ru eqlu nas bilti biltu liss ka (Sum.) may the tributary (serfs) in desert and field bring him (their) tribute : (Akk.) may the open field and the (cultivated) field which bring produce, bring you produce 4R 18* No. 5:5f., cf. ibid. Add. p. 4; mia.anse nig.zi.gil edin.na ba.du : bil dSumuqan ikin napisti ina se-e-ri ibtani he created the beasts of DN, the living creatures in the open country CT 13 36:22; sag.gig an.na. edin.na i.du 7 .du7 : murus qaqqadi ina se-e-ri ittakkip the headache has struck (lit. butted) in the open country (it blows around like the wind) CT 17 19:1f., cf., wr. an.edin.na ibid. 14 K.8386:lf.; edin.na DU.ba edin sa.su.ga : sera-am ina alakisu hurbumma when he walks over the open country, (it becomes) wasteland SBH p. 27:20f., cf. edin.na ki.gub.bu gi sal.sal.la : se-ra-am asar tallaktisu ar-da-ti us-[... ] ibid. 22f.; nig.ur.lim.ma edin.na im.ra : bil se-ri imhas= ma (the demon) smote the animals of the open country CT 17 26:44f.; am.gul edin.na.kex(KID) g6.bi ki.bi.in.gam : ri-ma sa se-rid-gak-nis(!) 5R 50 ii 50. kur.ra sug.e(var. .ga) ba.ni.ib.ki.a (late t version: kur.ra sug.zag.g[a] mi.ni.in.hi'r 138 oi.uchicago.edu seru A lb seru A la e -§u) : sa ina sadi se-r[a u ba-ma]-a-ti -mal-lu(the waters) which had covered the plateau Lugale and the foothills in the mountain me.e e.ne.em ku.mu sa.par.gal VIII 28; x x [...] : ia-u a-wa-tim el-le-tum sug.lil.l.ta sa-pa-ru ra-bu- sa ana se-er z[i-qi-qi ... ] SBH p. 106:68f.; u.sim.ginx(lGM) edin.na ba.ra. bi.in.e : kzma urqzti ina se-ri asima (the demon) sprouted like the green (herbage) in the open country 5R 50 ii 30f. (= Schollmeyer No. 1); suhur edin.na pa nu.sig 7 .ga.mu : qimmassu ina se-e-ri arta la ibnu its (the tamarisk's) top did not grow leaves in the open country 4R 27 No. 1: 6 f.; [...] x.ni.es.am sug.ginx ba.an.da.de : na: par dsibusu se-r imtalu all its inhabitants filled the open country BRM 4 9:24f.; edin A.HAki.kex : [se]-er Su-'i-a-ra BA 5 675 No. 30:25f., cf. SBH 126 No. 80:8f.; obscure: edin.na ninda.dingir : se-ru a-ka-[al DINGIR] Lambert BWL 254:8; for edin.na.as corresponding to Akk. LIL, see dulluhis lex. section; for other bil. passages, see 3 mng. a-1' and 3', 3e-4', 3g, 3j-2'. se-e-ru = e-s[e-en-se-ru] Malku V 17. [nal-mu-u, [na-mas-su-u, [qirl-ba-tu, [pa-d]r-ganu, [....]-su-u, [...]-[sul-u = se-e-ru LTBA 2 2:8-13; [tu-sa]-ru, [x x] x-u, x x-ru-u, b[a-m]a-[t]d, ki-d[u] = se-e-ru Malku II 23-27; tu-sd-ru = se-e-ru, ki-di = se-[e-ru] la-ban ap-pi Malku V 62f.; Practical Vocabulary Assur 777; mu-ut-ti-is = ana s[e-ri-ju] Malku III 67. na-mu-u = se-[e-ru] Izbu Comm. 83; ki-du = see-rum ibid. 88, cf. ki-i-du se-e-ru se-ri-i-tum CT 31 39:31 (SB ext.); ba-ma-a-tum = se-e-rum Izbu Comm. 195; ba-a-ru = se-ru RA 17 175 ii 25 (unidentified astrol. comm.). [ki.lu].ne.se = a-na se-e-ir an-ni-i-<im> towards this one, [ki.lu].ne.mes.se = a-na se-e-ir an-nu-tim, etc., [ugu lu.ne.se] = a-na se-e-ir an-ni-i-im in addition to this one, [ugu lu.ne.se ... ] = [a-n]a se-e-ir an-ni-i-im [ru]-ud-di add it in addition to this one OBGT I 336ff.; ki.me.e = ana se-e-ri-ni towards us, ugu.me. e = a-na se-e-rini in addition to us, ki.ne.ne.se = a-na se-e-r[is]u-nu, [ugu.ne.nel.se = a-na se-e-ri-[su]-nu in addition to them OBGT I 557-560. 1. back - a) of human beings and animals: unassis qimmassu e-lu(var. -li) seri-su he tossed his hair over his back Gilg. VI 2; (formerly) your heart was wholly given to fighting (but now) [ina nid]i [al-hi nadata e-lu(var. -li) se-ri-ka you are lying idly on your back Gilg. XI 6; ANSE.A.AB.BA. MES sad u-na-a-a se-ri-si-na camels with doubled backs (i.e., two humps) Layard 98 i 2 and iii 1 (Shalm. III); ultu se-er sist qaqqa ris imqut he fell off the back of (his) horse onto the ground OIP 2 156:16 (Senn.); KUR Simirrija sa ... kima EDIN nu-u-ni idi ana idi meteqa la isat Mount GN, which, like the back of a fish, has no pass from one side to the other TCL 3 20 (Sar.); ana 2 epi sarri belija ... lu amqutma kabattu u se-ru-ma I have fallen at the feet of the king, my lord, (on my) belly and (on my) back EA 299:11; lu istahahhin kabattuma u se-ru-ma I have prostrated myself on (my) belly and on (my) back ibid. 298:14, and passim, UZU kabattuma ibid. 303:12, and passim, seru-ma u kabattuma ibid. 314:9, and passim, se-ru-ma u ka-ib-du-ma ibid. 316:9, cf. also ana sepe Sarri belija ... useshin ina pa-anse-ru-ma // su-uh-ru-ma te-e // ba-at-nu-ma U UZU se-ru-ma ibid. 232:11, and see su'ru. b) in ext.: Summa se-ra-an sa hasim A.zI u A.GUB ittasbatu if the right and left backs of the lungs hold each other (OB ext.), also ina LUM sa A.ZI HAR ha-si-im Hussey, YOS 10 36 i 50 note, wr. LUM.HAR ibid. i 34-48, ibid. iii 12, cf. se-er HSM 7494:30 and 87 (OB ext.), cited JCS 2 25, also JCS 11 98 No. 6:9; se- er hasi the back of the lung YOS 10 40:1, 4:4 (model), RA 38 85:11; Summa se-er mat ubanim ana [final iptur if the back of the region of the "finger" is parted into two YOS 10 33 v 11 (OB), and passim in this text, cf. se-er ubdnim ibid. 18ff., cf. se-er ubdn hasim qablitim the back of the middle "finger" of the lung YOS 10 39:5, cf. EDIN U HAR MURU TCL 6 5:52; i-na se-er SU.SI MURU Bab. 2 257 r. 22 (OB); se-er sumel ubanim the back of the left side of the "finger" YOS 10 44 r. 41, also PRT 9 r. 14, [se]-er imitti ubanim the back of the right side of the "finger" YOS 10 34 r. 34, se-er biritim §a ubanim the back of the partition of the "finger" YOS 10 33 r. iv 14, also ii 28ff., etc., ina se-ri-im qablU sa ubanim imittim sume[lim] on the middle ridge of "finger," right and left RA 38 86 r. 15 (OB ext. prayer), MAS i-na se-[er n]iri srum ... sakin if there is flesh on the back of the "yoke" YOS 10 42 iv 39 (ext.), also passim, wr. EDIN, in SB ext.; note res EDIN CT 31 20 r. 13, beside isid EDIN ibid. 14, ina qabal [EDIN] ibid. 18 K.4061 r. 7, mehret EDIN CT 20 50:8, ana i EDIN PRT 129:15, and passim 139 oi.uchicago.edu seru A 2a seru A 2a for ustemidu) if the ridges of the "finger" come together, all three of them, at their people UET 5 246:6, ana se-er PN u PN2 ana ID GN alikma go to PN and PN2 , to the GN Canal BIN 7 7:9, and passim in OB, ana se-ri PN JRAS 1926 437:16; ana se-er niziqtija u tops CT 28 50 K.2714+ r. 19 (SB), cf. [summa] niziqtaka esmema in addition to my (own) ubdnu KAR 3 EDIN.MES-4d ana MIRU [...] 423 iii 43 (SB), cf. EDIN marti the back of the gall bladder CT 31 14 K.2090 i 3 (SB), se-er selim the back of the rib RA 27 142:15 worries I heard of your worries Fish Letters No. 2:12; [a]na se-e-er TCL 1 29:8 (let.), YOS 2 88:10; ana se-er annim epesim on account of this act YOS 2 40:23, and passim, also in (OB); A'umma manzdzu samitma EDIN ul iSi if the "station" has been torn away and has no back (explained by su-lul-ta-s4 is-sam- Mari in letters (ARM 1 5:29) and lit. (RA 35 47 No. 22:5, RA 35 3 r. iv 11), also in OB lit., note (in SB lit.) ana EDIN bulisu Gilg. I iv 23, etc.; mat-ma) TCL 6 6 r. i 3 (SB). rarely asser: in SB ext.; summa EDIN.MES sa ubani ina SAG-s-nu 3-s-nu us-te-mi-tu (exceptional 2. (as prep., adv., and conj.) over, upon, above, on top of, in addition to, towards, to, sir 10:16, (let.). as prep. - 1' (SB only, rarely NB royal): EDIN taml su'ati ussesu against - a) Streck Asb. 86 x 81, cf. si-ir mesihti ... lu uraddima OIP 2 105 vi 4 (Senn.); EDIN RN also as-rsel-er epinnisunu TCL 17 3:13 3' ina s r (in OA, OB, EA) upon, on top of, to the debit of - a' in OA: i-na se-er emdrim id'asunu put them on the donkey ustesera harrdnu I took the direct road Streck Asb. 32 vi against Samas-sum-ukin dldni sa EDIN KUR GN cities on Mount me sa si-ir GN water OIP 2 79:10 courses upstream from GN (Senn.); zikir Sum sa DN ... se-e-ri kalbi 129; in c' in EA: EA 88:15 and 17, 92:24, 127:32 (all letters of Rib-Addi). addi I laid its foundations upon that terrace Nisir as-se-er teniq MU 3.KAM addition to the compensation for giving suck (to the baby) for three years VAS 7 KTS 36c:11, and passim; AKA 307 ii 39; subdte i-na se-er tamklrim kenim ana meg id'a charge the garments on long-range credit to a reliable satirma the name of (the goddess) DN was trader BIN 4 53:25, cf. awilum i-na se-er bit abini la isalla KTS 21b:9, etc.; x gold written upon a dog (figurine) VAB 4 144 i 19 (Nbk.); note in the locative before pron. i-na suffix (only SB): se-ri-ka PN isu (see isd mng. 2b-2') CCT 2 46b:7; gimillam i-na se-ri-a sukna tebini se-ru-u-a coming bestow a favor on me! (see gimillu mng. lb) OIP 2 43 v 57 (Senn.), and passim; CCT 2 46a:26, and passim; narkabe sa 1 GTN.TA gusurge ... ukin se-e-ru-us-sin I laid beams upon them Winckler Sar. pl. 40:22, and passim Borger in Sar., Esarh., also uma'ir se-ru-us-s [u]sazziz I placed upon them i-na "riders" (weighing) one talent each Belleten Thompson Esarh. e-ni-ki i-na se-ri-Ju lillik look at him TCL against me Esarh. 47:53, also EDIN-Us-S se-ri-su-nu 14 224:15 (OA royal); the man is here in Nahur pl. 14 i 30 (Asb.). 2' ana ser (OA, OB, EA) - a' often in OA: a-na se-er annak qdtim in addition to the tin kept on hand TCL 19 24:31, and passim, also ana se-er PN aturamma KT Hahn 3:22, and passim, ana se-ri-ka lillikam BIN 6 95:10, and passim; also asser: a-se-er PN supurma TCL 19 74:27, a-se-ri-iasebilam CCT 3 39a: 18, and passim, a-se-ertisubu panitim in addition to the earlier interest BIN 6 39:5, and passim 20 105:17, cf. i-na se-ri-su lemuru let them look at him ibid. 93:8; also isser: i-se-er Japtam 1 MA.NA.TA panim subdtim ... raddima TCL 19 17:15, also i-se-er aweltim enka lillik OIP 27 26 r. 8, and passim; we have heard kima pirittam i-se-ri-kd ekallum iskunu that the palace has threatened you TCL 19 71:5; awatam i-se-ri-a e tezibma e tattalkam do not leave the matter to me and walk off in OA. TCL 19 15:18; i-se-er PN ilqe he charged PN (with the interest) (see lequ) TCL 21 177:10. a-na se-er kabtitim b' often in OB: illikamma he went (for help) to important b' in OB: eri ittalad i-na se-ri-Ju the eagle brought forth young on top of it (the 140 oi.uchicago.edu seru A2b seru A 3a note the king's highway to the steppeland KAV summa i-na se-er-ia summa i-na se-er-ka 186:3 (= KAR 149), puru sa ina mu[hhi ... ] ana KASKAL sarri Sa EDI[N] ibid. r. 3'; masmdsu u tabihu ana EDIN uSSi mala sa poplar tree) BIN 7 220:9f.; see Bab. 12 pl. 13:7 (Etana); for ina seri used for eli seri, von Soden, ZA 41 143 n. 2 and ZA 49 178. c' in EA: mare PN i-na zi-ri i (obscure) UGU EA 104:48 (let. of Rib-Addi). 4' eli seri (SB only): dadusu ihbubu UGU d Gilg. I iv 20, also ibid. 15; kima kisru EDIN- sa dAnim imtanaqqut e-li EDIN-ia ibid. v 28, also (in same context) e-lu (var. UGU) EDIN-ka ibid. 42, also (in obscure context) e-lu EDINsu ibid. iii 15, UGU EDIN-u2 ibid. vi 12. back into the city STT 38:159 (Poor Man of Nippur); ERIN.MES Nippurd Bdbil lu sab Sarri ... ina ali u EDIN sabat ameli la sakdna the Nippurian and Babylonian troops, or (any b) as adv. (anaserumma on top of that): the lady has terribly exaggerated the affair a-na se-ru-ma umisam ... dNabi ina Babili ana Babili ul irrubu the exorciser and the butcher go out of town, as long as NabU stays in Babylon they must not come back to Babylon RAcc. 141:361, and ibid. 360 and 363; [etezib]Suma ittasi EDIN [hazann]u pasalatti eterub ana ali (the poor man) left him and went out to the open country, (while) the mayor came crawling ina ruteim qaqqadni medis iqallil on top of that, we are denigrated by (her) constant gossiping TCL other) soldier of the king, must not organize a press-gang in the city or in the country 18 135:12 (OB let.); a-nase-ru-ma adannam ... BBSt. No. tuJtetiqaninni on top of that, you have made DINGIR.MES me miss the term YOS 2 19:15 (OB let.). rural and the urban gods turn against her (the sorceress) Maqlu V 42; qereb URU u EDIN ina la meni astakkana dabddsu I defeated him c) as conj.: a-se-er libbi lamnu kaspam amsima since I felt uneasy, I had the silver refined (and, indeed, out of five minas only three and a third minas of fine silver came out) TuM 1 3b:3 (OA). 6 ii 5 (Nbk. I); Sd EDIN U URU libbalkitusima may both the (Samas-sum-ukin) in (both) town and country uncounted times Streck Asb. 32:133; ina URU U EDIN ki askunamma bik[itu] hubtu sa A8suraja ana EDIN.MES a-sad-da-[x] when 3. hinterland, back country, open country, fields, plain, steppeland -a) in gen. - 1' in contrast to the city: uru s&.ba uru bar.ra edin edin.na sig.sig bi.in.si a.ri.a I have caused weeping in the city and in the country, I will haul(?) overland the loot (taken mu.un.gin.gin : libbi ali ahdt ali si-i-ru will he carry away booty from his open bamdti saqummatu usamlima usllik na-mu-is he filled the center of the city, the outskirts of the city, the open country, (and) the hill country with silence and made (them desolate) country and his villages? like the surrounding plain from) the Assyrians CT 22 248:7f. (NB let.); hubut EDIN.MESu dldnisu sihruti ihabbatu Craig ABRT 1 82 r. 9 (query for an oracle), cf. PRT 1:18, 7:12, also ABL 1237:20; hubut (wr. SAR-ut) dli u EDIN SAR BHT pl. 17 r. 27 and ibid. 40; ina mimma dli u [EDIN] saPN isi PN uPN2 ahhu PN and PN 2 are joint owners of whatever PN owns in (both) city and country MDP 24 365:14 (OB Elam), cf. ina dli n se-ri-su sa isu u irassi sikkatu Sa PN mahsat MDP 23 202:18, and 4R 20 No. 1:3f.; suharrur se-e-ru parka dalati the open country is silent, the doors are barred OECT 6 pl. 12:8, see TuL p. 163 (SB prayer to the gods of the night); a' lu lu ina libbi Ali lu ina se-e-ri lu ina muse ina ribete lu ina bit qarete lu ina isinni ali a'llu ki da'ani batulta isbatma u-ma-an-zi-e-'-si (if) a man seizes a young girl by force and rapes her in the City, or in the fields, or by night in the square, or in a barn, or during a city festival KAV 1 viii 16 ina muhhi (Ass. Code § 55); riiru Sa ... KASKAL arri Sa EDIN du-[x] the lot along passim; dla u [se]-ra lupunsunu u masrasunu zlzu they have divided (their property situated in) the city and the country, whatever there was (lit. their poverty and their riches) MDP 23 172:20, cf. aslum makkr ali u EDIN eqli biti (wr. IE.DT.A) u kir MDP 23 321:1, NiG.GA-Ju alilu U se-ir-Ju ibid. 285:5, also Sa lia U EDIN-&a MDP 24 381:5, 141 oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3a seru A 3b and similar passim in OB Elam; eqldtika ina EDIN-ri u bitate ina ali your fields out in the country and your houses in the city RA 23 148 No. 29:17 (Nuzi); ina EDIN.NA PN irpi sanni PN has beaten me up in the open country AASOR 16 72:6 (Nuzi); ana EDIN ali bit iii u bit beli gulmu greetings to the (adjoining) countryside, the city, the temple, and (my) lord's household PBS 1/2 43:3, cf. ana ali u EDIN Sa belija Sulmu ibid. 16:2, BE tap-qi-da-in-ni you have handed me over to (meet my fate in) the hinterland, the outlying country, and the surrounding lands Maqlu IV 23. 3' other occs.: lu edin.na sug.ta ud.de.ra.a : a ina se-rim u sise imitu sa ina se-rim dAdad irhisusu he who died in the plain and canebrakes, whom Adad flooded away in the ugx(BAD).ga lu edin.na plain ASKT p. 88-89:28f.; EDIN palk ulid 17 9:3, also ana URU.KI se-ri u bit belija BE 17 26:2 (all MB letters), for the term pan idrana the wide plain brought forth alkali seri referring to a suburb of a city see s.v.; mimmusu Sa ali u EDIN mala basd maskanu sa PN his possessions, both in the city and in the country, are, one and all, surety held by PN Nbk. 91:6, cf. NiG.SID-U a ali u EDIN asamsitu ina EDIN la usamhar he must not face a storm in the open country (on that day, otherwise the hallulaja-demonwill "espouse" BRM 1 47:6, also NIG.SID.MES-8~uZ Sal li EDIN VAS 5 57:8, and passim in NB econ.; mim; muSu sa ali u EDIN mala basd iknukma kum 7 MA.NA KU.BABBAR nudunnu Ja fPN pani kiln-fired bricks (brought in) ultu EDIN from fPN assatisu usadgil he made out a seal(ed document transferring the title) to whatever he owns in or out of town and handed it over to fPN, his wife, in lieu of seven minas of silver, the dowry of fPN Nbk. 265:13, and passim in NB; mimma mala ina ali u EDIN ina muhhi ippus ina utur ahu whatever (profit the debtor) may make on (the capital loaned), be it in or out of town, he (the creditor) will (count) as an equal (with the debtor) in (the division of) the profit Moldenke 1 15:4 (NB econ.), also TCL 13 184:7, and passim in NB. 2' beside sadi, bamtu, namdi: summa malku a-sa-ad a-se-er wasi if a prince has set out for the mountains or the steppe RA 35 61 pl. 9 No. 18 ii 2 (Mari liver model); misil um: CT 15 49 iii 58, cf. ibid. iii 48 (SB Atrahasis); him) KAR 177 r. iii 9 (SB hemer.), also KAR 178 r. iv 34, and (with dNisaba) KAR 147 r. 20; x the open country UCP 9 66 No. 44:3 (NB). b) used for agriculture: A.SA mala masd ugar GN SA hilbi u se-ri as many field(s) as there are in the irrigation district of GN, (whether) in the brushland or in the steppeland BE 6/1 112:3 (OB); naspaki ajjdaim ul ipqidam ina se-ri-im ma-ga-al useli he did not hand over to me the heaps (of barley due to) me, (even though) he brought up (barley) from the fields .... VAS 16 8:11 (OB let.); alpa bilamma ina se-ri liris bring me an ox so that I may cultivate (my land) in the open country BE 14 41:6 (MB leg.); eqlu ... ina sa dimti PN a field in the steppeland in the district of PN HSS 5 89:4 (Nuzi); [x] LU.MES ina EDIN.NA ana eqli ana madadi EDIN.NA istaparsu[niti] he dispatched x men to the open country to survey the field JEN 662:73; eqla ina EDIN.NA sa IURU Nuzi ina supal URU bamdti umalldma half of the mighty army of Akkad will fill the open country and the hills in the wadis(?) of Tuplias KAR Nuzi a field in the countryside (under the jurisdiction) of the city of Nuzi, south of (lit. beneath) the city of Nuzi JENu 924:5, cf. A.SA.GA ina muhhi EDIN URU Assur 421 side 1 ii 17 (SB prophecy); ADD 58:6, see ARU 150; mani KUR Akkadiki DUGUD-tu ina harrisa GN EDIN U istu qereb EDIN u bamdti istenis upahhir I rounded up (the enemy's runaway horses) from both the open country and the highlands OIP 2 52:35 (Senn.); se-e-ri kidi bamdte asruba illuri I dyed the plains, the lands outside (the towns), and the highlands (as red) as the illuru-plant TCL 3 135 (Sar.); ana EDIN kidi u name 142 a field with well SUHUR nahal SUHUR PN SUHUR se-e-ri ... eqlu sa PN-ma adjacent: the wadi, adjacent: (the property of) PN, adjacent: the open country, adjacent: the field of the SUHUR same PN ADD 621:7; ina EDIN country SE.NUMUN mereSu sa an arable grain field in the open TCL 12 43:23 (NB); 5 GUR 59 siLA oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3d seru A 3b in the country (incipit of Izbu XXIV) SE.NUMUN A.SA se-e-ri kiru gisimmari zaqpu A.SA mere u u kisubbu a field in the open country, (requiring) five gur (and) 59 silas of seed, an orchard planted with date palms, a field (containing both) arable land and c) used for stock raising: [sar]raq EDIN the thief of the open country, the fox, the prowler [of ... ] Lambert BWL 204 G col. B 8; mdr dSamas belu buli ina EDIN usabd ri-'-i-ti the son of Samas, selibu muttahl[il ... ] fallow land Nbn. 116:1, of. Dar. 194:1, and passim in NB econ., cf. A.SA EDIN PBS 8/1 93:27, 29 and 31 (OB econ.); sim biti u kirl qaq-[qar] EDIN Izbu Comm. 563. the price of the house and garden the lord of cattle, created pasturage in the plain RAcc. 64 r. 10; alpu ina EDIN.NA situated in the steppeland TCL 12 12:26, cf. ibid. 31 (NB econ.); uttatu ... ina bit PN sa ina EDIN inandin suluppu ... ina bit PN sa ina EDIN inandin he will pay the barley at PN's tappusu usebbir another (ox) in the steppeland broke the bone of the ox JEN 341:6, cf. barn which is in the fields, he will pay the dates at PN's barn which is in the fields PN seized the cattle and the donkeys in the kime ina EDIN.NA tappusu usebbiru ibid. 10; PN GUD.MES ANSE.MES ina EDIN(!).MES issabat steppeland (possibly to seritu) HSS 5 52:7; alpe sa EDIN ki abuku panisunu idaggalu man-di-di-i-tu ina E.im.bi.dA.num ... u ina EDIN LU mandi-di-u-tu ... lu-4-ul-a-di-gi-li so that I may Nbn. 678:7f.; isqd LU since I brought the oxen (which were grazing on) the steppe, they have been waiting for them (the herdsmen) BIN 1 91:16 (NB let.); 1 AB.GAL ... sa PN ultu EDIN ibukamma a fullgrown cow which PN brought from the open hand over (to you) my surveyors' income (receivable) from (the temple) E-imbi-Anum and from the fields belonging to the sur- YOS 7 125:2; immere ina Uruk sa veyors' (prebend) VAS 5 21:10 (NB econ.); ikkarsu ina EDIN aj il-sa-a alala urqit EDIN TV la immar may his farmer lu la ussad UTU country raise no jubilant cry in the field(s), may no plant of the field(s) spring forth and see the are numerous YOS 3 87:26 (let.); mind immeru sa EDIN ... tunakkasu why are you light of the sun AfO 8 25 iv 19f. (Assur-nirari V, treaty); se-im suluppi sa qirib kirdtesunu ebrs'unu sa EDIN ummani usakil I had my slaughtering a desert sheep (for the king's ritual)? BIN 1 25:25 (let.), cf. 1 immeru sa EDIN (contrasted with sa ure of the fold) UCP 9 107 No. 50:5; ana EDIN ki illiku GUD. alla sa ina EDIN ma-a-du-' the sheep in Uruk, which are in addition to those on the plain, troops eat the barley, the dates of their (the enemy's) groves, (and) their harvest (standing MES kumu GUD.MES ul iddin when he went to in) the open country OIP 2 54:51 (Senn.), cf. ibid. 53; butuqtu ultu qereb ID Puratte ibtuqa usardd se-ru-us-su (var. tamirtus) he constructed a cut from the Euphrates, (so) leading (it) to the fields (var. to the commons) Winckler Sar. pl. 11 No. 24:3, var. from ibid. 21 No. 44:6; kima zer upunti anni ... mar ikkari ina EDIN la irr[isu] just as no plowman will plant this upuntu grain (again) in the field Surpu V-VI 131; te'inu ... MUL.APIN ina EDIN epin ziri ismidu naqbit iqabbi the grinder says the blessing, "0 plow-star, they have yoked (oxen) to the seeder-plow in the fields" RAcc. 63:44; A.SA sa EDIN dAdad irahhis Adad will flood the field(s) out in the country TCL 6 8 r. 16 (SB Alu); Jumma sabituina A.SA EDIN na-di-i 1 ulid if a gazelle has given birth to (just) one (fawn) in an uncultivated field out the pasture land he (the person who carried off the cattle) did not give compensation for the cattle TCL 9 120:25 (let.); senu mussureti ultu EDIN ina qdt mar bant bukuma they took from the freemen the sheep and goats that had been left (to graze) away from the plain (but did not deliver them to the exchequer of Eanna) YOS 7 146:5 (all NB). d) as the habitat of various plants: sammi sa se-e-ri sa ana ahdmis maslu sa sinni lilputu u lisrupuma lilqdni let them fashion out of ivory (ornaments in the form of) wild-growing (lit. from the steppe) plants, which should be all alike, and let them color (them) and (then) bring (them from Egypt) EA 11 r. 11 (MB let.); gammi EDIN ina eqli libbi ali innamru (if) wild-growing plants are seen in a field inside the town 143 CT 39 3:19 (SB Alu); mSmt sammi oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3e seru A 3e the steppe, safely within paddocks ina EDIN nasahu the oath (taken) by tearing up grass in the plain Surpu III 25, of. JRAS 1936 586:20 (SB); for sammi EDIN, see CT 14 3' with nammaS(t)i: amminim itti nam: maste tatta[nal]lakse-ra-am (0 Enkidu) why do you go to and fro over the steppeland with 18 K.4354 i 11, and ibid. 40 82-5-22,576 ii 2, see also samuseru; Summa kamin (uzU.DIR) EDIN ina bit ameli innamir if wild-growing cumin is seen in a man's house Streck Asb. 58 vi 105, cf. bil KUR Akkadk i parganis ina EDIN irabbisu ABL 1391:12 (astrol. omens). the wild creatures? Gilg. P. ii 13 (OB), cf. Gilg. I iv 35, VIII i 17; bilu (text: MAS.IR.KU, read: MiA.ANSE) nammassu sa EDIN kalis CT 40 19 K.10390:1, cf. UZU.DIR Sa EDIN ibid. 10, of. also ibid. Sm. 1408:4, CT 40 14 K.7030+ r. 7; X KUT.BABBAR dNinurta u dPalil ... bu'ur EDIN usatlimusu ma DN and DN 2 gave him (Tiglathpileser I) pahranik[ka] the cattle and the wild animals of the open country gather all together unto you (Sin) RA 12 190:6 (SB rel.); nam: mastu EDIN CT 38 44 Sm. 472+ r. 8. 4' with bulu: edin.ba (var. edin.na) hunting in the steppeland (instead of the MAS.A[NSE.b]i u.gug mi.ni.ib.dull usual bcl seri) AKA 138 iv 1, cf. ibid. 142 iv 32, mi.ni.in.dl) : i[na ED]IN bulsu uk-ku-ukma(var. omits) the wild animals in the open country are starving (uk-ku-uk renders Sum. S.gug) (they are becoming parched like ... anaurql EDIN x silver for vegetables from the country UCP 9 104 No. 43:2 (NB econ.). e) as habitat of wild animals - 1' in gen.: cf. also mugammeru bu(text mu)-'-ur se-ri the accomplished wild-life hunter ibid. 84 vi 57 (Tigl. I); ul inandinanniana e-pe-[s]i EDIN he does not permit me to hunt Gilg. I iii 39, cf. ibid. 12, also epeS EDIN (apod.) Boissier DA locusts with the heat) 2' with umamu: umam EDIN Bade kalasunu lu aksur in my city (Calah) I put (into cages) every (kind of) beast of the open country and the mountain(s) AKA 203:46 (Asn.); kima umam se-ri se-ra lirpud may he roam the plain like the beasts of the plain and the wild animals of the plain Thompson Rep. 94:6, cf. miqitti MAS.ANSE EDIN CT 39 se-ri ina riti 8 K.8406:7 (SB Alu), also [...] ustamqit (Sum. line destroyed) 4R 23 No. 4:2; igdanalludu umam EDIN bul EDIN kajdn usamqatu MDP 2 pl. 23 vii If. (MB kudurru), cf. AfO 8 20 r. iv 6 (Assur-nirari V, treaty), and passim in curse formulas; summa ummu EDIN ah4i aqru ana libbi ali erubma if a strange and rare wild animal enters a city (quoted from SB Alu) RAcc. 8:4, cf. [Summa] umamu EDIN aqru ina mdti innamir TCL 6 10:13 (SB Alu); summa umam «<ina) EDIN ina pan abulli innamir if a the wild beasts are becoming restless, they (the lions) bring down the grazing cattle of the plain Streck Asb. 214 r. 7; bul EDIN [umdm] EDIN U ... enima il nammasSe [... ibnd] when the gods created the wild cattle, the wild beasts and the (other) wild creatures of [.. .] CT 13 34 D. T. 41:4; inakkirsu bulsu Sa irb4 ina EDIN-U his animals, which grew up on his (Enkidu's) steppe, will act differently beast of the open country is seen in front of the city gate Lugale III 5; miqitti buli nammasse sa EDIN losses among the cattle 212 r. 26 (SB ext.). ina dlija ... (var. CT 39 50 K.957 r. 17 (SB Alu), cf. CT 40 41 K.4038:9f. and 12 (SB Alu), umdm se-rim issuir Same Hilprecht Deluge Story pl. 2 r. 11; bzrzt GN u GN 2 ina madbar asru ruqu asar umam EDIN la ibba~Si u issuir ame la isaks kanu qinnu between GN and GN 2 , in the towards him Gilg. I iv 14, of. ibid. iii 24, iii 45, iv 25; ma'da asi EDIN Lambert BWL 78:162 (Theodicy), and see asu as a synonym for bilu; dNinurtau dPalil ... bil EDIN usatlimuni epeS ba'ari iqbIni AKA 205 iv 66 (Asn.), cf. Scheil Tn. II r. 52, KAH 2 84:122 (Adn.II), WO 1 472:41 (Shalm. III). Ex- desert, a distant place where even wild beasts cannot live and (where) no wild bird builds (its) nest Streck Asb. 72 viii 109, also ibid. 204 vi 31; sirrime sabati umam EDIN mala ceptionally qualifying domestic animals: bul EDIN umam EDIN mare ummdni kalisunu uel4i I made all the animals, the wild beasts, and the craftsmen embark (on the ark) Gilg. XI 85. 5' with specific animals: Summa awzlum alpam imeram igurma ina se-ri-im nsium basi pargani usarbisaqerebsun there I put wild asses and gazelles, all kinds of beasts of 144 oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3f seru A 3g iddtksu if a man hires an ox or an ass and a lion kills (it) in the open country (it is the Lambert BWL 134:144 (Samar hymn); owner's loss only) CH § 244:3; dSamas ... dAdad ... anassikun2ui ... uzala ella mar sabiti ulissuma ummau ina EDIN EDIN tabu sillasu elisu iskun urabbiKuma EDIN ki abisu qirbetu ki ummisu 0 DN and DN 2 , I hold up PN roams about the steppe Gilg. IX i 2, cf. ibid. IX i 5; sa kima kdti ina se-ri iwwalidma before you a pure gazelle kid, born of a gazelle, its mother gave birth to it in the steppeland, the kindly steppeland placed its protection over it, the steppeland reared it as if it were its father, (and) the fields as if they were its mother BBR No. 100:14f. (= Craig ABRT 1 60), cf. sabdti sa EDIN AfO 14 pl. 9 i 20 (SB Etana); [ibri kud]dni ta-frid] (var. tardu) akkannu a sadi nimru sa EDIN (0 Enkidu) (0 Gilgame) g) as the haunt of demons: [udug ] hul a.la [hul] [edin.na.t]a e.tur.ra ba.an. dib : utukku lemnu ali lemnu ina se-ri tar: basa ib-ta-'-u the evil utukku-demon (and) the evil alii-demon from the steppe have passed through the fold 4R 18* No. 6:4f., cf. udug.edin.na udug.hur.sag.ga : utuksee-ri utuk sadi ASKT p. 82-83:2; udug hul. gal gidim dalla (MAS.GU.GAR) edin.na : tasdk you char and bray a lizard (found in) utukku lemnu etemmu sa ina se-e-ri sup the evil utukku-demon, the ghost which is domi- AJSL 36 83:114 (SB med.); house CT 38 31:12 (SB Alu). f) as the home of nomads, lawless persons, etc.: summa awilum lu wardam lu amtam halqam ina se-ri-im isbatma if a man catches a runaway slave or slave girl in the open nant in the steppeland CT 16 32: 156ff., cf. [udug.hu]l an.edin.na gin.a: [ut]ukku lemnu sa ina se-e-ri illaku the evil utukkudemon which goes about the plain ibid. 37:14f.; udug.hul edin.na lu.ti.la ba. an.gaz : utukku lemnu sa ina se-ri (var. se-eri) amela baltu inarru the evil utukku-demon which murders the healthy man in the steppeland CT 16 1:28f., cf. 1i.edin.na tag.ga.zu : sa ina se(var. adds -e)-ri amela talputu ibid. 33:173f., also CT 17 31:1f. and 5f.; etemmu mur(copy MA)-tap-pi-du ina EDIN isbassu a ghost that roams about in the country CH § 17:52, cf. ana EDIN ihalliq he (the messenger) will run away into the open Gilg. P. i 18, cf. Gilg. I v 3, II iv 7. VIII ii 8, see JCS 8 93; suriritasa EDIN turrar pizallurtarabitasa EDIN tasdk ina sikari iSatti you bray a full-grown lizard from the steppe and he (the sick man) drinks it in beer Kichler Beitr. pl. 19 iv 27, of. AMT 105,1:15, humbabittu = pizallurusd EDIN Izbu Comm. 43; summa ina f[bt1 [amelil [issur] EDIN.NA imqut if a bird from the open country falls into a man's someone who is just like you has been born on the steppe my friend, fleet wild ass, wild ass of the mountains, leopard of the steppeland Gilg. the steppeland etlu sag- gas sa qabalti EDIN (Enkidu) the murderous fellow from the heart of the steppeland Gilg. I iv 7, cf. attanaggis kima habilim qabaltu siri Gilg. M. ii 11; dGilgdmes ... irappud EDIN sab EDIN ittija usbalkitma he incited all the Suteans, the people of the steppeland, to steppeland has seized him KAR 182 r. 20 (SB med.), cf. etemmu murtappidu ina EDIN isbassu Labat TDP 76:62, also etemmu ~irubat EDIN isbassu ibid. 70:15, cf. also ina EDIN revolt against me Winckler Sar. pl. 34:123, and lapit (the sick man) was afflicted while in the passim said of the Suteans, cf. SI.SI ERIN.MES EDIN ... saknu the defeat of the peoples of steppeland country CT 22 43:22 (NB let.); gimir LU Sute the steppeland was effected KAH 2 84:33 (Adn. II); gudidanu lus ma sabesunu sa EDIN lusabbituma lis'alu let detachments make sorties, capture their nomadic (auxiliary) troops, and interrogate (them) ABL 1237 r. 16 (NB); ina su-li-i EDIN muttaggiu imahharu (var. imahharka) (0 Samas) the marauder on the trails of the steppe complains to you 10 ibid. 30:104, 106-109; a.16.hul edin.na.zu.b gidim.hul edin.na.zu.se gal 5 .la.hul edin.na.zu.se : ald lemnu ana se-ri-ka etemmu lemnu ana se-ri-ka gall lemnu ana se-ri-[ka] evil ald-demon, (be off) to your steppe, evil ghost, (be off) to your steppe, evil gallid-demon, (be off) to your steppe CT 17 8 vii 15-22 (SB rel.), and passim; lil.la edin.na i.b.b .e .am : lild a ina cse-rim ittanarabbitu the lild-demon which roams 145 oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3h over seru A 3i the steppe CT 16 1:36f.; nam.tar NUMUN.MES ina EDIN tusesa ibid. No. 68 r. 3; an.edin.na lil.ginx(GIM) i.bu.bu : sa ina see bit akit seri, akit seri, bit kisir sa seri, and se-ri kima zaqiqi ittanasrabbitu the namtaru- note ekal seri (E.GAL.EDIN) BRM 2 12:2ff. demon which roams through the steppeland i) as a place of battle - 1' in gen.: gurun like a wind CT 17 29:5f.; nam.erim edin. salmat ummdndtisu ina se-ri-im littaddi may na ki.ku.ga.se ha.ba.ni.ib.e.de : mdmit she (Istar) cast up a (burial) mound (made) ana se-e-ri asri elli littasi may the oath go of the bodies of his soldiers on the battlefield out into the open country, the pure place CH xliv 15; imtahas dabdd umalli se-ra he ASKT p. 78 No. 9 r. If., cf. nam.erim gu.bi defeated (them) and covered the battlefield edin.na ki.ku.ga.se ha.ba.ni.ib.e11.d : mdmt qdSa ana se-ri asri elli lisesi Surpu V-VI 164f., liszma mamit ina EDIN lihliq (with their bodies) JCS 11 84 iii 3 (OB Cuthean Legend); salmdt qurdd sunu se-ra (var. EDIN) BRM 4 18:22 (SB rel.); the corpses of his warriors KAxBAD.hul sahar nu.dul.la im.nu.gi 4 edin.na.kex : ru'tu lemuttu sa eperi la katmu sd-ar se-ri la edpu spittle (spat for) evil (purposes) which has not been covered with earth, spirit (lit. wind) of the steppeland which has not left the body (lit. is not blown away, Sum.: has not been sent off) ASKT p. 86-87:70; dumu.lugal edin.na.kex e.gal edin.na.kex sub.ba : mar sarri [sa ina] se-e-ri u name nadi (the ghost of) the prince who(se body) has been cast out into the steppe and the lands surrounding (the city) ASKT p. 86-87:12, cf. sa salamtasu ina EDIN naddt Gilg. XII 150, cf. also A.R[I].e-di-naEDIN.NA KAR 44:23; li1 rapsa lu umelli I covered the wide plain with AOB 1 120 iii 23 (Shalm. I), cf. 3R 7 i 39 and WO 2 414 No. III 2 (Shalm. III); with your dead limalli EDIN Wiseman Treaties 426; salmdt qurddiAunu ina EDIN (var. se-ri) bamdt sadi u iddt aldniunu kima sud-ma-se lu-mi-si I scattered the corpses of their warriors in the plain, on the foothills of the mountains, and around their cities like.... AKA 67 iv 92 (Tigl. I); damr qurddisu EDIN lu asrup I dyed the open country with the blood of his warriors KAH 2 84:43 (Adn. II), and similar passim in NA hist.; munekkir sitrija u sumija sa-[al-mi(?)] DINGIR.MES KUR.MAR. TU mihis se-ri imahhasus the images(?) of the gods of Amurru will smite with defeat on the edin.na sub.ba he.me.en : [lu sa ina] battlefield whoever removes my inscription se-e-ri nadd atta whether you are (the ghost containing my name AKA 153:7 (Assur-belof) one who lies (unburied) in the open coun- kala); sdbe sa GN ina mithusi ina EDIN adik try CT 16 10:47f., for restoration see pl. 50. I slew the troops of GN in an engagement on h) as a locality where rituals are per- the battlefield AKA 293:112 (Asn.), and passim; formed: ina seri ina EDIN lu ina kisad ndri imes EDIN ana SUM x ZI.MES-flz-<nu> the asar sepu parkat qaqqara tasallah in the plain was too little for .... of them 3R 8 ii 100 (Shalm. III); ina dabde se-e-ri ummdnsunu morning you sprinkle the ground in the open country or on the bank of a river, in a place mattu usamqit I defeated their numerous troops in a pitched battle TCL 3 421 (Sar.), to which access is barred RAcc. 8:8; lu ina uri lu ina EDIN qaqqara tasabbit you sweep a cf. ibid. 56, cf. ina tahdz EDIN SI.si-8u askun surface either on the roof or in the open OIP 2 39 iv 49 (Senn.), and passim in Senn., Asb., country AfO 18 296:1; ana EDIN tusessima Wiseman Chron. p. 70 BM 21946 r. 7, etc.; nakra ana pan dSamas tutahha you take (the freshly baked cake) out to the fields and ina tahaz EDIN addk I will slay the enemy in a pitched battle CT 30 23:8 (K.1802+8178, SB present it to the sun CT 39 24:31 (SB rit.); [ina] ereb dSamsi fina EDIN bura tepettema ext.), and passim in omens. you dig a well in the fields at sunrise KAR 184 r.(!) 5; masmdu ana EDIN ussamma bit rimki ippus the masmasu-priest goes out to the steppe and builds a hut (there) for the dannatim sarrum ussi the king will (safely) (ritual) cleansing of the plain) IBoT 1 36 ii 56, cf. UGULA LI-IM BBR No. 26 iii 22, cf. SE. 2' battle, warfare: ina se-ri-im ina get out of danger on a campaign YOS 10 31 iv 15 (OB ext.); 2 LU.MES LI-IM SE-RI two soldiers from a field battalion (lit. thousand 146 oi.uchicago.edu seru A 3j seru A SE-RI field battalion commander ibid. 58; sa- king of the wilderness KBo 1 12 r.(!) 3, see Ebeling, Or. NS 23 213; [dNin edin].na sug. am-tum, lu-lu-un-tum= MIN (= nahlaptu) se-ri zag.ga.bi.kex nam.erim.a.ni su(!).u. me.ni.sum : [ana d]Be-lit EDIN u bamdti mbmissu piqidma entrust his "oath" [to] the battle cloak (followed by MIN tdhazi) An VII 204f.; ina muhhi til-li-e EDIN-ni satd qe ettitu cobwebs are woven over our armor (lit. campaign outfit) Gossmann Era I 88; lusima ana EDIN let me go out to battle Lady of the plain and fields Surpu VII 67 f., see Maqlu IV 25, cf. Surpu VIII 22; dLugal.edin. na (beside dLatarak) Surpu II 177, Maqlu VI 7 and VII 165 and 167, of. SU dLUGAL.EDIN.NA CT 38 31 r. 12 (SB Alu); dGu-la dBe-let EDIN ibid. 9, see alik seri; nagiru ina dli ana muhhiu lilsi u sabe ana EDIN ana muhhisunu belu lispur let the herald make a proclamation concerning it in the city, and let the lord send some troops to the campaign (to add) to those ABL 977 r. 9; (already there) BIN 1 49:24 (NB let.). j) other occs. - dIGI.DU LUGAL EDIN ABL 1105 r. 20 (NB); dSumugan mu.lu edin.na : dSumuqan bel se-rim SBH p. 139:135f., cf. dGi.bar.ra gasan gu.edin.na: Asratu 1' referring to overland journeys: ana erbettisu (wr. er-rI-ti-su) harrdn se-ri-im gimram u ba-[ab-t]a-am inad din he will pay the group of his four (partners for) the cross-country transportation, the expenses, and the babtu-payments Jean Tell Sifr 70:7 (OB); narkabta sindamma ana EDIN lunsur hitch up the chariot so that I may drive to the open country Lambert BWL 144:18, cf. ana EDIN-ma ul a[massar] ibid. 23, cf. EDIN.NA DIB.BI.DA (ritual for) travel overland KAR 44:24, CT 22 1:22, AfO 12 p. 142f. i 20 and ii 31; 2-ta simettu narkabtusa EDIN.NA two yokes for overland chariots HSS 13 283:9 (= RA 36 171), of. narkabtasu sa EDIN.[NA] HSS 15 59:7; narkabdti u [...] istu URU GN ina EDIN uktes[sid] HSS 13 383:13; 2 TIG.HI.A sa SIG Sa s[e]-e-ri adi ma- belit se-e-[ri] ibid. 143f.; dNin.gestin(!).na dub.sar.mah.[...] : dBlet se-ri DUB.SAR [...] CT 16 9 ii 4f.; ana DINGIR EDIN dES 4 +DAR EDIN 2 patiri tarakkas you arrange two reed altars, (one) for the god of the wilderness and (one for) the goddess of the wilderness RAcc. 8 r. 11; see also Frankena Takultu p. 81 No. 29, and the Hittite passages: d[LAMA].[LIL1 KBo 1 1 r. 44, dupl. [dL]AMA EDIN ibid. 2 r. 21, cf. also dLAMA SE-RI KUB 20 48 vi 7, dLAMA LIL-RI KUB 19 50 r. iv 8, dES 4+DAR LIL ibid. 11, also KUB 27 1:13, see Laroche, RHA 7 95 and 101. Ad mng. 2: Landsberger, AfO 3 164 n. 2. Ad mng. 3: Landsberger, JNES 8 274 and 276 n. 91; Oppenheim, Or. NS 7 378. For the Sum. edin as a geographical name, see Deimel, Or. 15 45ff., Jacobsen, ZA 52 98, and Archeology 7 54. ak-li-fli-su-nu two woolen country garments, together with their accessories seru A in bit seri s.; pavilion, tent; SB*; KAV 99:15 cf. seru A. (MA let.); wr. E.EDIN; YOS 7 179:13 (NB), kultar sarrutisu GIS.NA usmdnisu kimsu I took away from him his 100 chariots, his 200 riding horses, the pavilion-his royal tent- x barley ana massartu u kurum mdti ina EDIN u ina muhhi nari as an advance withdrawal and as rations for (journeys) across the steppe and by river cf. 200 GUR 100 SE.BAR Gubil[an]ni YOS 3 kurummati sa EDIN ... 103:13 (NB let.); PN ana arhi 2 GiN kaspi itti PN, ... ana EDIN illak for a payment of two shekels of silver per month PN will travel (and) aqmuma 10* 1R 31 iv 44 (Samsi- kultari musabisunu ina girri I set on fire the pavilion(s), the OIP 2 27 i 78, cf. kultarl tukultisunu ina girri aqmuma I set on fire the pavilions, the tents on which (they placed) their reliance (for shelter) ibid. E.EDIN referring to deities residing in the dLatarak LUGAL se-ri E.EDIN Adad V); E.EDIN ibid. 8. 2' his camp bed pithallusu tents in which they live overland with PN2 Nbn. 839:5, cf. also PN sa la PN2 ... anaEDIN ul illak Evetts Ev.-M. 13:3, and ki sa la PN, ana EDIN ittalka wilderness: narkabdtisu 200 DN, the 147 58:23, also ibid. 67:11 (all Senn., referring to Aramean tribes). Meissner, MAOG 1/2 29. oi.uchicago.edu seru A seru B seru A in rabi seri s.; (an official); OA; Jasqila (please be careful) have the silver zuqaqipu mng. la; asbat pi ser-[ri] (var. se-ri) kalima u kursiddam ser(var. se)-ri la sipti(m) I seized the mouth of all (kinds of) snakes, also the viper, the snake that cannot be paid to me, either that (due from) the princess, conjured cf. seru A. kaspam lu <sa> rubatim lu sa GAL zi-ri-im or that (due from) the .... Sumer 13 93:1 and 3 (OB inc.), vars. from ibid. 95: f., cf. ibid. 6f. and 13; the eagle BIN 4 93:6. Provisional listing, see discussion sub siru B. Possibly to be corrected to GAL zi-ga-tiim, see sikkatu. seru A in ,a seri s.; country dweller; OB*; cf. seru A. [sa 1]ibbi dlim sa se-[ril-im idds the city dweller will dupe the country dweller YOS 10 40:8 (ext.), cf. [sa se-r]i-im sa libbi alim idds ibid. 6; Sa se-ri-im irrubammaSa li-ib-ba- li-im usessi the country dweller will enter (the city) and force out the city dweller poplar ina esdi sarbete MUS ittalda ... seru B (serru) s.; 1. snake, 2. (a jug); from OB on; wr. syll. and MuS; cf. sar'u, sirtu B. [mu-us] MU[ = [se]-ru Sb I 122; [mu-us] [Mus] = se-e-ru Recip. Ea F 13'; MUg = se-er-ru Practical Vocabulary Assur 396; mus = se-ri (followed by names of various types of snakes in lines 2-47, see mng. le) Hh. XIV 1; mus.BULUGbu-lu-ug.da = see-ri ibid. 409; m[u-u]s [MUSXMU§] = se-[e-ru] kit-p[u-lu-ti] entwined snakes CT 19 34 Rm. 597 ii last line+CT 11 35 K.12851:6'f., also Recip. Ea F 15'f., see Landsberger, WO 1 368; mus.gi.gilim = qa-na-nu d s[e-ri] (var. MUg) Antagal D 75, var. from ibid. F 232, also = kananu sd Mu[§] Antagal VIII 197; mus.gi.gilim.dug 4 .ga, mus.di.hus = MIN (= [ka-na-nu]) sd MUg Nabnitu XXII 6f. ni.bi.a mu.ginx(oIM) mu.un.sur.sur.re. e.[d ] : ina ramanisunu kima se-er(var. -ri) ittanaslau they (the demons), like snakes, slither around effortlessly CT 16 34:213f., cf. ibid. 9 ii 20f. and 12 i 32f.; [sa].tir nam.lu.Ux(GISGAL).lu mus.gu.gilim.dug 4 .ga : ina gassur nisz Mug ukanninu they have coiled (that man like) a snake in the womb of men (corrupt) CT 16 23:333f. sa-ar-u = se-[ru] Malku V 53. a) in gen.: qaqqarbasi puqutti u NA 4 Sinni sabiti asar MuS u zuqaqlpu kima eri Mvs-ma irtu'uni ittu'ini ul-ta-ti-pu-ni the snake brought forth young at the base of the poplar, the eagle and the snake swore mutual friendship, (and) entered a partnership AfO 14 300 i 9ff. (MA Etana), cf. Bab. 12 pl. 13:6ff., and passim in this text, also qinni MUS damamis iwi Bab. 12 pl. 14:16 (Susa version); MU itesin nipi sammu a snake smelled the fragrance of the herb (of youth) Gilg. XI 287; kima MU s a itu RA 38 84 r. 24 (ext.). 1. snake - brought forth young in the crown of the hurri ussamma issurz ina muhhisu ihabbubu just as when a snake slips out of a hole and the birds chirp over it ZA 32 174:51 (SB rit.); pi'dzu lapan sikke ina hurri MUS eruba a mouse, escaping from a mongoose, entered a snake's hole Lambert BWL 216:19, cf. k s a MUS U sikk ina libbi istet hu-re-te la errabuni la irabbisini ina muhhi nakls napsati sa a-hi-is idabbabuni just as a snake and a mongoose do not share one and the same lair (but) plot to kill each other Wiseman Treaties 555; ,umma amelu MUS isikSu if a snake bites a man AMT 92,7:6; i imhur-lim : niik MUS the imhur-limuplant is an herb for snakebite Kocher Pflanzenkunde 1 v 26, and passim in this text, cf. CT 14 23 K.9283:5-10, V nisik MUS u kalbi ibid. 11, cf. also KA.MUS TI.LA KAR 44:19; MUS mut(text hu)-tab-bi-ik martu the snake, spattering poison JTVI 29 85 Sp. II 987:12 (Kedorlaomer text); UD.20.KAM MUS lidik on the 20th he may kill a snake Sumer 8 20 ii 20 (MB hemer.), also 5R 48 ii 23 (in RA 38 25), (with apod. asaridutamillak) ABL 1140 r. 9 and Thompson Rep. 146A r. 4, and passim in hemer. for the month ofAjaru; md TA muhhi GIS [nir]anti ants Borger Esarh. 56 iv 56, cf. qaqqar MVS U zuqaqlpi ibid. 57 B iii 29; for other refs. attalka ma M S sa ina libbisa assadda abtataq u md GIS nirantu ahtepi u ma Elamtu ahappi he said, "I have come from the mace, I have pulled off and cut off the serpent which is on it, and (as) I have broken the mace, (so) mentioning shall I destroy Elam" kulbabi mali ugaru a region of sand, thistles and "gazelle tooth" stones, where the terrain teems with snakes and scorpions as if with snakes beside scorpions, see 148 ABL 1280:6 (oracle); oi.uchicago.edu seru B seru B ina qdti sumelisu MUS Sa ereni na[si] (the first figurine) holds in its left hand a snake (made) of cedarwood RAcc. 133:205 (New Year's rit.). b) in Alu (the "snake tablet"): summa ina bit ameli MUS.MES iktappilu if snakes become entwined in a man's house KAR 384:4, cf. CT 38 10:27, and passim, see also itguru s. usage a, ubdnum qaqqad erbim ibtani YOS 10 31 xii 46 (OB ext.); qaqqadu qaqqad Mus the head (of the monster) is a snake's head Kocher, MIO 1 72:52'; ittanappas kima nuni ittanakbir kima MUS he (the patient) .... -s like a fish, distends himself like a snake Kichler Beitr. pl. 2 ii 24 (SB med.); si kima MuS ina asurriki (0 fire) go out from your (hole in the) wall egeru mng. Ib, gardruA mng. 3b, zaqdpu A mngs. If, 3b-2', and 5a; summa MUS ina bit amrli iqnun if a snake nests in a man's house KAR 386:56; [Summa M]US KI.MIN (= istu gusuri) ana bdbi usqallila if a snake hangs down from the beams over the door KAR 389b (p. 350) 13, cf. CT 40 25 K.5642 r. 11, and passim; like a snake JRAS 1927 536 D. T. 57:9; kima MUS literrubama [littasani] (var. erbama (wr. Tu-ba-ma) isani) come and leave (again) like a snake (addressing the sorceresses) Maqlu II 155; quliptu kima MUS atat she (Nintu) is .... with scales like a snake Kocher, MIO 1 72 iii 49'. snake e) varieties (descriptive names): mu. sag.min.bi = se-er si-na qaq-qa-da-su snake becomes enraged at a man and "roars" and with two heads Hh. XIV 16, cf. MUS 2 SAG. CT 38 35:55, cf. (with DU.MES-U CT 40 24 K.6294:3, MUS 7 SAG.DU. MESibid. 4, and dupl. ibid. 23:32f. (SB Alu), also MUS 2 SAG.DU.MES Borger Esarh. 112 r. 5, [summa MUS] ana pan ameli innadirma irammum u lisansu E.MES-a its tongue protrudes if a umesam istanassi cries every day) KAR 386:54, cf. also (with amela -hab-ba-ab) ibid. 8, (ikassasunappah bares its fangs and hisses) CT 38 35:53, and passim with napahu, 4 cf. [MUL MU]S.MIN.SAG.GA (as a name of the planet Venus) LBAT 1564:12 (= PSBA 1909 24), ina tuppi see SL 4/2 No. 109, and Weidner Handbuch p. 119; sa MUS ubta'i I found (this omen) in the "snake tablet" CT 28 37 K.798 r. 4 (report), and the apotropaic rituals namburbi IUL mus.eme.imin.bi = MIN (= se-er) si-ba lisd-na-s snake with seven tongues Hh. XIV also with nazaqu, labu, q. v.; note: MUS §d NA isluhu (wr. SUD-[hu]) apotropaic CT 40 23:34, and 17, cf. MUS 7 EME.MES-4i dupl. 24 K.6294:5; mus.si.gur.ru, mus.si. gar= se-er qarni horned snake Hh. XIV 18f., ritual against the evil portended by a snake that has spattered a man (with its venom) Sm. 1573:1 (unpub.), and passim in namburb rits. Ad cf. MUS.SI CT 40 22 K.3674:1f., and passim in 4 SI. Alu, cf. MUS Id SI.NU.TUK ibid. 14, MES-U ibid. 16; mus.kur.ra = se-er sadi c) in apodoses of omens: MUS ina harrd: mountain snake Hh. XIV 26, cf. Summa MUS nim awilam inassak a snake will bite a man KUR Sa mamman la iddcu CT 40 23:5; muS. on the campaign (or: road) YOS 10 18:64 gi . I r = se-er gusiri snake of the roof beams (OB ext.); ana harranisihit n si lu ihit MUs with reference to a journey, attack of a lion or attack of a snake Boissier Choix 63:9, cf. Sihit MUS CT 30 11 i 12, MUS harranai ahhit CT 20 31:38 (all SB ext.). d) in comparisons: summa izbum kima se-ri-im if the newborn animal is like a snake Hh. XIV 27; mus.gis.geetin= se-er kardni wine snake Hh. XIV 28, cf. MUS GIS.GESTIN. NA MU.NI CT 40 25 K.11668:5; mus.izi= seer isdtu fire snake Hh. XIV 33; m u. mi.a = se-er mu-si night snake Hh. XIV 34, also (with explanation MUS sal-[mu]) Hg. A II, in YOS 10 56 i 38 (OB Izbu), cf. Summa izbu kima MUS CT 28 7:31 (SB); if on the forehead of a man IB kima MuS there is a mole in the form of a snake Kraus Texte 43:3, cf. ibid. 6:46; Summa ubanu kima qaqqad Muv if the "finger" is like a snake's head Boissier Choix 47:20 (SB ext.), cf. Summa martum qaqqad se-ri-im 149 Landsberger Fauna 36:46; [MUs] MI CT 40 24 K.8038:15 (Alu); mus.ki.in.dar = se-er nigi-is-si crevice snake Hh. XIV 36, mu .ki.u"fis = MIN = MIN baliltu ibid. 37, mu.i.durE rutibtu snake of wet ground ibid. 38, cf. [muk.ki].duru5 = se-er rutibtu Hg. B III iv 4'; mu§.KI.KAL= se-er a-tar-ti Hh. XIV 39, mu . .KI.KAL = MIN sa-as-sa-ti grass snake oi.uchicago.edu seru B setu 3' in proper names: ku-ni-ga-ra ibid. 40; also imduhallatu = kallat MUS lizard = bride of the snake Landsberger Fauna p. 42:59b and 53 (Uruanna); MUS.MAS.DA Tablet Funck 2:11, in Landsberger Fauna 51; MUS kidi outdoor snake CT 40 23:37, and passim; MUS. IGI.DILI one-eyed snake CT 40 23:6; GIs ka-zal-la : A EME MUS.GUN.A tongue of a multicolored snake CT 14 10 i 11, dupl. RA 17 181 Sm. 1701 (Uruanna); see also sir isbabti, ser qinnu, ser me, abni, ser kassibdne Hh. XIV 41-45; [MUS] SA5 red snake CT 40 24K.8038:16 (SB Alu); MUS ur-nu // se-ru dr-qa yellow sir ID.dMUS, iD. dMUS XMU = ID se-ri Diri III 188f.; [id. m]us = na-a-ri se-e-ri Sultantepe 51/50+106 ii 17' (Hh. XXII), cf. iD MUS MIN (= lipsur) iD MUS.MES JNES 15 134:58; for dMUS, read dNirah, for MUL.MUS, MUL.dMUS, see SL IV/2 No. 284. 2. (a jug): dug.mus= DUG se-ri Hh. X 244; dug.mu = kar-pat se-er-ri = kar-pat ta-ba-a-ti jug for "second" wine Hg. 71 in MSL 7 110. Landsberger Fauna 45ff. and WO 1 366ff. snake Tablet Funck 2:7, in Landsberger Fauna seri s.; (a profession); NB; wr. LU.EDIN-4. p. 51; obscure: g n.gid.da= Mvs ki-ki-it-ti Antagal F 157; MUS.KID (referring to one of the "snake tablets" of Alu) CT 39 50 K.957:16; lu6.'s.da.gil.ti = mu-ha-'-i-du (see dagiltu in sa dagilti), u6.su.kin.KAS.KA.gilim.ma(text .gis) = se-ru-u, ld.en.nun.ge 6 .a, lu.zi.zi = deku-u CT 37 25 iv 29 (Lu App., coll. A. Sachs). for the scute of the snake, see irtu mng. 3c, for snake's venom, see imtu mng. lb-2', also qilip seri (wr. BAR MUS) CT 40 13:40, AMT 99,3 r. 2, KAR 205:16, lashi MUS fang of a snake (beside ziqit zuqaqgpi sting of a scorpion) AMT 20,1:32, note also lip, MUS.GE 6 AMT 17,4:8, damMUS.GE 6 KAR 56:3 and AMT 16,5:1. f) ibid. 17. 1' stones - a' aban seri: na 4 .mus = NA4 se-ri snake stone Hh. XVI D iii 10; abnu sikinsu kima maski MUS NA 4. MUS [MU.NI] the name of the stone which looks like snakeskin is "snake stone" 108:32; NA 4 .MUS It is uncertain whether the term in the lex. passage and that in the NB passages refer to the same profession. ssuima s. pl.; salt marsh; RS; WSem. word. STT (beside iron, U.BABBAR, black frit, etc., worn in a phylactery) 186:31, Dussaud pl. II (after p. 926) 12, cf. PN LTU EDINu ['a1 KUR la-man-na ibid. 16, PN LUJ EDIN-U sa KUR Par-su-mas PN, the s., from Persia in the names of stones and plants, in proper names - PN LU.EDIN-i sa KUR Ia-man-na-a-a PN, the s., from the country of the Greeks Mel. KAR ... [sanitam bitdti] u A.SA MUN.MES // si-su-ma PN [ilteqi] secondly, PN has acquired houses and fields of salt // salt marshes MRS cf. NA4 .MUS (among twelve stone beads tied on the hand to ward off paralysis 6 124 RS 15.167+ :12; of the hand) pilka jdnu in[a] // si-si-ma annutum there will never be pilku-duty for PN on these salt BE 31 60 ii 12, also ibid. r. i 6, and passim in magic texts; note also (with det. if): U.MUS (beside iron and other sub- stances to be worn in a phylactery) 70:17, also NA4 .MUS.SA 5 KAR red snake stone AMT 102:33, AMT 7,1 r. 6, KAR 213 ii 28, also marshes ibid. 125 RS 15.147:4'; [ki]ri kardni serdi ... u A.SA.MES sa MUN.MES // si-e-si-ma gardens, vineyards, olive groves, and fields of salt // salt marshes MRS 9 108 RS 18.144:9. (determinative NA 4 omitted throughout in this text) KAR 213 ii 28. MUS.BABBAR [ana] PN [adi]ddriti [u] Moran, Bib. 39 69ff. b' aban ini seri: see inu mng. le-2', also KAR 213 iv 19. 2' plants: i.m[us]= [...] Hh. XVII 208, cf. u.[mul] (followed by i.gir.tab) Wise- setu s. fem.; 1. light, shining appearance of the sun, moon and stars, weather, sultry weather, air, open air, open sun, 2. (a sickness caused by exposure to sun or heat), 3. (a worm); from OB on; pi. sitdte (ZA 24 man Alalakh 447 vii 30 (Forerunner to Hh. XVII); UT.MUS, EME.MUS : iT liJdn kalbi Uruanna I 469f., see also KAR 70:17, sub mng. If-l'a'. 169:13, NA); wr. syll. and UD.DA. UD = um-me-du-um, dSama, dAdad, se-e-tum MSL 2 p. 133 vii 59ff. (Proto-Ea); i UD = UD-mu, 150 oi.uchicago.edu setu setu em-mi, se-e-tum A III/3:1 ff.; se-e-tum UD = se-etum A III/3:117, cf. Proto-Izi i 2; i UD = dSamas, dAdad, UD-mu, se-e-tu Idu II 190ff.; i-id UD dSES.KI = si-i[t a]r-hi appearing of the new moon Diri I 145; [id] [UD dES].KI = si-it dr-hi Recip. Ea A vi 31; [UD (x)].x = si-it wa-ar-hi-<im) Kagal G 28; 114. da = [se-e]-td Igituh short version 125, [u 4 ].da = se-e-td Igituh I 406; gis.gisim mar.u 1.hi.in u4.da = bu-sul si-ti artificially ripened dates, (i.e., dates picked when still unripe and then) ripened by exposure to the open air (i.e., sunlight) Hh. III 330; ud.diu.a = ha-ma-tu sa UD.DA Antagal VIII 111; UD.DA.tab.tab = [hama-tu sd UD.DA] Nabnitu O 50; [UD.D]A.tab.ba = hi-mit UD.DA Antagal E a 16; ba-ar BAR = nUA I/6:250ff.; li-rum, zi-//se-e-tum, na-mir-tum [ma]r.sur = ur-ba-tum = se-e-tum Hg. A II 295, Hg. B III iv 32, [mar] = ur-ba-tum = se-e-tum [...] in Landsberger Fauna p. 37:55 and 38:32; AN. [AS.AN] ti-il-la (pronunciation) = si-tum, se-e-x Kagal H 19f. ud dNanna ba.an.da.su : si-it ar-hi it-ta-adddr(text -IG) // ir-ta-bi the appearance of the moon has become darkened, variant: (the moon) has set SBH p. 54:20f.; ud.da.tab su.bar.ra tab. tdb.e.da : [himit se]-e-ti kibbu hin[tu] CT 4 3:15 (Sum. only), and RA 28 138 i 25f., see Falkenstein if the sun becomes visible at noon but its sheen is dimmed, when it sets the east wind will blow GAL ina rabisu IM.KUR zI-am ACh Adad 35:42. 2' referring to daylight: summa katarru panu 2u kima UD.DA namru if the appearance of lichen is as bright as daylight CT 40 18:88 (SB Alu); ilu rabutu sa same erseti ... GIS.MI U UD.DA liktassidukunu may the great gods of heaven and earth ever pursue you (both) in the shadow (of the night) and in full daylight Wiseman Treaties 477; summa UD ... UD.DA-su ukkulat if the daylight is overcast ACh Supp. 2 Adad 105b ii 5; summa UD UD.DA- istu seri adi lildti birbirriul ukallam if (during) the day there is no daylight, (this means Samas) does not make any brightness visible from dawn till night su NU GAL ... ACh Adad 33:8; obscure: summa UD UD.DAsu gal-ta-at ... UD.DA hu-su-i LU ga-la-tu4 KI.MIN UD.DA- da-'-mat ACh Adad 33:25, see husi A. Haupttypen 95; UD.DA.TAB IM.RI.A ZU.GIG.GA : hi- mit se-e-t[i ... ] KAR 24 r. 22. s.-disease, flatulence, toothache su-x-HUM-mu = se-e-tz, su-x-UM-mu = ha-ma-tu Malku III 198f. 1. light, shining appearance of the sun, moon and stars, weather, sultry weather, air, open air, open sun - a) said of the sun - 1' referring to the sun itself: Jarru mihirsu lassu aki si-it dSd-mas namir there is no king equal to him, he is as brilliant as sunlight Craig ABRT I 22 ii 7; kima se-e-ta d Samsi mdtate gabbi ina se-e-ti-ka namru all the countries are lit up with your (the king's) light as if it were sunlight ABL 916:14 (NA); ina namirti UD.DA-ka kibissina in-na-[mar] by the brightness of your (Samas') light their path becomes visible Lambert BWL 126 i 10, KAR 105 r. 2; of. ina namirti UD.DA-ka [summa dUTU UD.DA-8U ma]'di namrat if the appearance of the sun is very bright ACh Supp. 2 Adad 104:11, cf. (with samatred, salmat black, arqat yellow) ibid. 12-14; Summa UD. DA-SU dannat (mng. uncert.) ACh Samas 13:24, cf. si-tum dannat KUB 4 63 ii 12 (= RA 50 14), and KUB 37 152-53:8'; b) said of the moon: [summa ]amu kima s[i-i]t wa-ar-hi-im panusunu namru if the surface of the sky is as bright as the light of the moon ZA 43 309:3 (OB astrol.); summa UD UD.DA-su kima UD.DA ITI kast ... ar-hu Sin if the daylight is as cold as the appearance of the moon, (comm.:) month = moon (i.e., if it is as cold during the day as it is on the night of the new moon) ACh Adad 33:19; URU Harrdn ana pat gimrisu kima si-it ar-hi unammir gaririisu I made the splendor of the entire city of Harran as brilliant as the appearance of the moon VAB 4 222 ii 25 (Nbn.); for a bil. ref., see lex. section; namrat UD.DA-ka ina same [ellitti] brilliant is your shining forth in the clear sky BMS 1:5, see Ebeling Handerhebung 6; sgturat UD.DA-ka kima Samas bukri[ka] your appearance is excellent, like (that of) Samar, your firstborn ibid. 10; summa UD.DA Sin magal eklet if the moon's appearance is very dark ACh Supp. Sin 8:20; summa UD.DA Sin magal du'ummat if the moon's appearance is very dark ibid. 21, Summa ina UD masil Sama innamirma UD.DA-SU da'ummes 151 cf. ibid. 23 and ACh Supp. 2 Sin 2 r. 8; Sumz ma [UD.DA] Sin SlG; if the moon's appearance is green ACh Supp. Sin 8:24; Summa UD.DA oi.uchicago.edu setu setu Sin magal KUR.KUR if the moon's appearance is very changing(?) ACh Supp. Sin 8:19; s~um: ma Sin ina tdmartisu UD.DA-s8 ME naddt (mng. uncert.) ACh Sin 3:6. kima Girri hamtat if the sun rises high in the month of Addaru so that the air glows like fire ACh Samas 11:55, cf. ibid. 53; [ultu UD.1. K]AM Sa ITI SE adi UD.30.KAM Sa ITI S[I.SA d]UTU ina arran 2t dAnim Du-ma zi-qu u c) said of the sun and moon: summa Sin UD.D[A] ina IGI.LA-s qarnu qarna idir ... sa UD.14. KAM itti Sama IGI ... UD.14.KAM UD.DA-8Unu ahdmis IGI-ma if, when the moon is first seen, one horn meets the other, (that means) on the 14th day it appears together with the sun, on the 14th day their appearance(s) are seen together ACh Sin 3:36, cf. Thompson Rep. 142:8; summa Sin u Sama UD.DA-SU-nu ACh Sin 3:39, also Thompson Rep. 82:7. d) a time characterized by) wind and (bad) weather RA 17 119 r. 2, Bab. 7 pl. 1:2 and 6 (after p. 18); natld ana muhhi si-tim me ruddu is it proper to add water to weather ? (proverb du'ummat if the appearance of the moon and the sun is dark from the first day of the month of Addaru until the thirtieth day of the month of Ajaru, the sun travels along the ecliptic (lit. the way of the (stars) of Anu), (it is said of stars: qiribsu kima libbi same ubenni igdrdtesu kima sarur si-it MUL.MES ussim usarrih I made its (the temple's) interior as bright as the innermost heavens (and) I adorned its walls with a beautiful brilliance like the splendor of the stars AKA 98 vii 100 (Tigl. I); DIS dDil-bat UD.DA-8& [.. .] ACh Supp. Istar 39:19f., cf. sirirsu kima UD.DA namir (see sirhu B usage a) Thompson Rep. 200:1; note if the light of Venus [...] (in personal names) Si-sc-na-wA-ra-at, Si-suna-am-ra-at Its-(the Star's)-Luster-Is-Bright Stamm Namengebung 184; for dNam-ra-si-it, see Tallqvist Gotterepitheta 387, von Soden, JNES 19 166. e) weather, sultry weather, air: ammeni akla litdka quddudu panlka ... Barbau UD.DA qummi paniuka (0 Gilgames) why are your cheeks emaciated and your looks cast down, (why do) your features (look) burned (from exposure to) rain and weather? Gilg. X 37; etanattiq sade hursdni itanabbirndrdti kalisina etanakkalanni jdFi si-ta-a-te sarabdte I pass to and fro through the hills and mountains, I am ever crossing all the rivers, the weather and the rains constantly cut me ZA 24 169:13 (NA); summa UD ha-dir-ma UD.DA-U kasdt if the day is gloomy and its weather is cold ACh Adad 35:10; summa UD ha-dir-ma vD.DA IZI hamtat if the day is gloomy and its weather is as hot (as) fire ACh Adad 35:11; summa ina ITI SE SamaS iSqamma UD.DA quoted in an OB let.) CT 29 23:12. f) open air, open sun: [m]dresipri ina si-ti ammini ultanazzazuma ina si-ti imattu summa ina si-ti izuzzu ana sarri nemelu i[b]assi u lizzizma ina s[i]-t[i-m]alimit ana sarrima[l]u nemelu why are (my) envoys kept standing out in the open sun, they will die out in the open sun-if standing out in the open sun is profitable for the king, then let him stand out in the open sun himself and let him die himself, let there be profit for the king himself! EA 16:43ff. (let. of Asur-uballit); PA Sa ina [la saril inanzuzu teleqqi ina UD.DA tubbal you take a (thin and young) GIS.GISIMMAR branch of a date palm that sways even when there is no wind (and) you dry it in the open air CT 23 40:22 (med.); note busul ssti (dates) ripened by exposure to the open air (or: sun) Hh. III, in lex. section, also the formula: LT(?) sabi ina si-ti dUTU i-mit immidusu the team (of tax experts) will establish his tax when (the dates) are dry (or: in broad daylight) VAS 5 11:12 (NB), also [LTJ.ER]iN.MES ina si-x (text: UD ?)-tU4 dUTU [imit]ta immidusu ibid. 26:28 (NB); lipi kaliti tumalli ina UD.DA tanaddi you fill up (the concoction with) tallow from the kidney (and then) you put it out in the open air AMT 8,1:5, cf. ibid. 101,3 ii 8; IM.GI (= qaduta) UD.DA kasdat (DI.DI) tapds you crush yeast which has been exposed to the open air AMT 78,7:7, also CT 23 31:62, cf. Kiichler Beitr. pi. 12:1; qadita Sa UTD.DA di-kdt tapds you crush yeast which has been killed by (exposure to) the open air Kiichler Beitr. pi. 14:11, cf. [IM.G]U Sa ina UD.DA di-kat AMT 72,2:13, IM.GT Sa UD.[DA . . .] AMT 152 oi.uchicago.edu setu setu 31,7:10; ina kalli Suhar[ri] ina se-e-ti tasakkan tubbal 2-ta am-ra-ta NA4 amnakka te-es-si si-ta tumahharma taSakkan you place (the glass mixture) in a porous bowl (out) in the open ii 17; air (and) you dry (it), you .... with s. two full measures(?) of immannakku-stone (and) expose it (the mixture) to the open air and set it down ZA 36 198:30 and 32 (chem.). Note the nuance "fresh" air: apti nappasamma UD.DA imtaqut eli dir appija I opened a hatch (of the boat) and the fresh air fell upon the sides of my nose Gilg. XI 135. 2. (a sickness caused by exposure to sun or heat) - a) with hiamatu: you are a cedar ina sillika se-[tum] a-a ihmutanni in your [summa amelu ... ] uH-4 NU SUB.SUBa kisirte libbi maris UD.DA kasid (wr. DI.DI) if a man cannot spit out (and) is sick with an internal constriction, he has been afflicted Kuiichler Beitr. pl. 12 iv 11; Summa amelu akala ikkal sikara isattima A-Si in= nemmeru KAS-SiU DIB.DIB-at UD.DA DI.DI if a man's intestines are taken with colic (and) he cannot urinate when he eats bread (and) drinks beer, he is afflicted with s. AMT 48,1:10+78,3:7, cf. AMT 39,1:30, Kuchler Beitr. pl. 6 i 21, Ebeling, AGM 13 33 Sm. 937:7, and passim as a diagnosis. c) other occs.: amelu s UD.DA ina e-te-qi- su Jum-ma sikara tasaqqluma if you give that man beer to drink when he has got shade let the s. not burn me BIN 7 41:19 (OB let.); summa amelu sirihtilibbi ir~ima libbasu over(?) the s. Labat, Syria 33 122:14 (SB med.); [... n]ik-mat sari (wr. IM) u UD.DA [if his ... ] isita u[kal ... ] irassu ikassassu amelu si UD.DA ha-mit ifa man has a burning sensation inside and his stomach is feverish (and if) his chest gives him a gnawing (pain), this man is are full of pent up (lit. a heaping up of) wind and s. LKU 61 r. 7, cf. amelu si nikimti SJri u UD.DA maris KAR 157:2, AMT 52,4:3, cf. GIG feverish with s. AMT 39,1:41, cf. Labat TDP 136:40 and 150:45'; Jumma amelu indsu UD.DA hanta if a man's eyes burn from s. AMT 16,1:9, UD.DA GIG AMT 4,7:10, UD.DA GIG-su Labat TDP 164:74f., GIG UD.DA ibid. 172 r. 6, LIL-ti (= sili'ti) UD.DA ibid. 156:9, LA-ti (= ha'atti) cf. summa amelu indsu la inattala amelu s i UD.DA hamit (wr. TAB.BA) AMT 17,4:6, sums UD.DA ibid. 154:16, lipti UD.DA ibid. 168:102; ki-is-sa-at se-e-ti KBo 9 49:13; note mit [se]- ma amelu muhhasu UD.DA TAB-ma e-ti imdt he will die of the s. Dream-book KAR 202 i 20, cf. also KAR 199:1; [summa SAG.DU]-8U UD.DA TAB-ma u SU-si ikkalu qaqqassu nuppuh if his head is feverish with s. and then his skin(?) hurts (or: itches) (and) his head (feels all) blown up CT 23 33:17; for himit seti, see lex. section, and himtu mng. 2b, also sammam sa hi-mi-i[t] se-e-tim sa asim sa bit tertim bell iltuksu u sammam Sa hi-mi-it se-e-tim sa asim Mardamanai andku altuks suma damiq my lord has tried out the herb for s. inflammation (given) by the official physician, and I have tried out the herb for s. inflammation (given) by the physician from 328:83f. 3. (a worm): see Hg., in lex. section. The two words situ and situ have to be kept apart, since the latter is wr. si-e-tu(m), even in OB, when the vowel is indicated, except si-i-tum JCS 9 10 B 6 and 24; while situ from (w)asi, when the vowel is indicated, is wr. si-i-tu(m), except the writings si-e-tum for ZI.GA Hh. II 158, and si-e-it corresponding to E OBGT I 821. Moreover, the log. for setu is UD.DA, but not E or ZI.GA, which are GN, and it is effective Finet, Annuaire de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales et Slaves 14 135 A 2216:15ff. (Mari let.), also ibid. 4; (various drugs for) hi-mit UD.DA BE 8 133:4 (pharm.). b) with kaadu: summa amlu UD.DA restricted to situ. The refs. cited sub mng. la-1' may refer to the sunrise, in spite of the spelling and the use of the log. UD.DA, since the scribe may have mistaken one word for the other. No verb etymologically connected with setu is attested in Akk.; for an etymology, see kasid (wr. KUR-id) if a man has been over- Landsberger, ZA 42 161 f. come with s. Kiichler Beitr. pi. 20 iv 47, cf. KAR 159:4, cf. also Kichler Beitr. pl. 14 i 9, KAR 155 Landsberger, ZA 42 161f., JNES 8 252 n. 30. Ad mng. 2: Labat TDP 150 n. 258 with lit. 153 oi.uchicago.edu si gam§i sibaru si gamgi s.; sunrise, east; MB*; cf. asdl, situ. (them) to me CCT 4 28b:22, cf. sa 1 GIN kaspim si-ba-ra-tim KT Hahn 6:5, also (same amount) BIN 4 227:12; <sa> sitti kaspim UD.TU = si-i sam-si, e-rab MIN CT 18 30 iv 21f. (group voc.). si-ba-ra-tim u murram sJmamma buy me s. and myrrh for the balance of the silver TuM ina tdmti sapliti sa si-i dUTU- i misir matija askun I established the border of my country on the Lower Sea (which is) in the east 1 3c:13; si-ba-ra-tim sa 5 GIN kaspim (mentioned beside sandals) BIN 4 71:5; si-bara-tim sa kaspim 2 GiN sebilam unpub., cited Weidner Tn. 12 No. 5:68; sa bilat mdtati si-i dUTU-si u alam samsi imdahharu (the king) J. Lewy, JAOS 78 94 n. 33. who has often received the tribute of the countries of the east and the west ibid. 26 d) other occs.: sa 10 GIN kaspim sahirt[am] lu si-ba-ra-tum lu dudinatum (send) merchandise worth ten shekels of silver, be it either No. 16:23. s. or (small) pectorals KTS 12:26, cf. sa-mala-tim it-q4-ra-tim u si-ba-<ra>-tim CCT 3 20:13. siahu see sdhu. si'anu see senu s. siatias adv.; forever; lex.*; cf. asd, sdtu. ba-Ar BAR = si-a-t[i]-as, si-a-[tum( ?)] A 1/6: 190f. siatu see satu. sibaratu s. pl. tantum; (mng. uncert.); OA. a) counted: Sa 5 GIN kaspim si-ba-ra-timn x me'at munussina [kunuk]kini PN [n]as'ak kum for five shekels of silver PN is bringing you under our seal s. in the amount of x (any number from three to eight is possible) hundred BIN 6 121:7. It seems that about one hundred of the objects called sibdratuweighed twenty shekels and were worth one shekel of silver. They are mentioned together with perfumes (qan, murru), spices (KT Hahn 6), small objects (combs, kibunanu, marsi-straps TCL 21 159 and OIP 27 55), and passim beside metals. In sibardtu and pectorals (see dudittu) make up the type of merchandise called sahirtu (miscellaneous items). There is no evidence that the sibdratuwere made of metal KTS 12 (the ref. to the nappdhuin CCT 1 21a:2ff. may be accidental). All this suggests that sibaratu are to be considered small, cheap, but indispensable household items, hardly a foodstuff or a perfume. It should also be noted sibtim kunukkika five minas of (aromatic) that the sibdratu were bought (but not sold) reeds(?) (and) 45 minas of s. in(?) one .... in Anatolia and were not traded overland. package under your seals OIP 27 55:16, and The word should not be connected with dupl. BIN 4 162:26; 3 MA.NA si-ba-ra-tum sipru or other similar words because it is illibbi PN one-third mina of s. is with PN consistently wr. sibaratu. Possibly zibardtu TCL 21 156:6; ina 1 MA.NA si-ba-ra-tim 3 MA. or sibaratu. NA 6 GiN alqi sittum illibbi nappahimma I (J. Lewy, JAOS 78 94 n. 33.) took 26 shekels from the amount of one mina and forty shekels of s., the remainder is with sibaru (siburu)s.; 1. (a pointed garden tool), the smith CCT 1 21a:2; 1 MA.NA kaspam u 2. (a fleshy excrescence), 3. (a plant); SB. b) weighed: - MA.NA 4 GIN si-ba-ra-tim OIP 27 55:27, and dupl. TCL 21 159:6; 5 MA.NA hursi'anum sa qd-nu-e 45 MA.NA 8s-ba-ra-tim 2 GIN si-ba-ra-tim ana PN [u] PN2 apqi[d] I entrusted one mina of silver and two shekels of s. to PN and PN2 TCL 14 54:16'; 10 GIN kaspam 1 MA.NA si-ba-ra-tum(!) (beside one mina of zigasarru) TCL 4 81:1. c) evaluated in silver: si-ba-ra-tim sa 2 GIN kaspim Sdmamma luaksidanim buy me s. for two shekels of silver and let them send gis.gag.sar.ra, gi s.gag.du 8 = si-ba-ri(followed by gis.gag.du 8 , gis.GAG.KUD = mupattitu opener) Hh. VI 129f.; ku-uk-su KUD = sa ku-uk-si KUD si-ba-rum A 111/5:120, cited MSL 6 62 n. to line 132. si-ba-ru = uzu a[t-ru] excessive flesh Izbu Comm. 179, cf. si-ba-ru uzu at-ru kzma ubani [asi] Izbu excessive flesh protruding like a finger Comm. Z 7'. 154 oi.uchicago.edu sibittu sibaru 1. (a pointed garden tool): see Hh. VI, A III/5, in lex. section. 2. (a fleshy excrescence, perhaps in the shape of the s.-tool): summa izbu si-ba-ra lakin (preceded by matu bump) CT 27 42 obv.(!) 3, cf. ibid. 20:7, for comm., see lex. section; summa sapat si-ba-ri sakin if he has a s.-lip (preceded by sapat masti, with explanation: 1-et sd MURu-tim GiD.DA-ma one is long(er) in(?) the middle line 9) Kraus Texte 12c iii 8; Jumma sdrat qaqqadisu kima si-ba-ri zaqpat if the hair of his head stands on end like a s. Kraus Texte 3b r. iii 6, also 2b r. 14. 3. (a plant): suggest the translation "sparrow," which is confirmed by the Arabic 'usfur, to which is related the general term for bird in Heb., sippor, and Aram. sippar. Neither of these words is etymologically related to Akk. issru, whose cognate is to be found in Ugar. 'sr. sibatanutu s.; tenure, holding(?); MB*; cf. sabatu. URU GN sa sarru ra-in-gau bell ana si-bata-an-nu-ti iddina the town GN which the king, who loves you and my master, has given me as a holding(?) 6 si-bu-ru : U marti : sku sibatu s.; (a harp); SB.* mdmit samme u si-ba-a-te (var. si-bat-ti) the ina sikari Sati--s. is an herb against (ex- cessive) bile, to crush (and) drink in beer RA 13 37:18 (pharm.), also KAR 203 i-iii 30, also u si-ba-ru v marti sdku ina me ati Kuchler Beitr. pi. 14 i 26; UJ si-bu-ru tasdk ina sizbi matqi isatti [...] you bray s., he drinks it in sweet milk Kiichler Beitr. pl. 14 i 35, cf. (among other herbs) AMT 22,5:7 and 59,1:36; si-bu-ru v mar-tu, U AD KUN, [... ] : Uruanna II 373ff.; U [vR-ni]-be : 6 MIN ina Sd-ba-ri, [U vR-n]i-be : U MIN ina Kat-mu-hi ibid. 376f.; U si-bu-ru : [i n]i-sik GIS.IG ibid. 378; T (var. GIs) si-bu-ru : AS ni-sik GIS.IG Uruanna III 127; [u] ha-za[l-l]u-nu : J si-ba-r[u] Kocher Pflanzenkunde 1 iv 9. The different meanings of this word are connected on the assumption of a characteristic shape common to the tool, the ex- crescence on the body, and the plant. It is possible, however, that the cited refs. include two or-more different words. sibaru s.; lex.* (a bird, probably the sparrow); SILAur-sag-sim MUSEN = si-ba-ru-um Proto-Diri 476 (delete this ref. sub hdsibaru lex. section CAD 6 p. 133). buru 5 ab.sa[r.r]a u.BuxBU.da ba.ab.[zi. z]i : issuratiukasad si-ba-ra idekki he (the tenant of the field) will chase away the birds, scare the sparrow(s) away Ai. IV i 50, cf. burui.a.ab.zi. zi : griba idekki he will scare away the crows ibid. i 32. The Sumerian designation "bird of the street" with the gloss (nickname?) "heroic swallow" and the noun formation of sibaru BE 17 24:19 (let.). oath (sworn) by lyre and s.-harp Surpu III 91. The word sibatu cannot be connected with sinnitu, as it is in MSL 6 120 sub D, because there are two variants confirming the reading sibatu. sibbu s.; color, paint; lex.*; Sum. 1w. zi-ib [ZIB] = si-[ibl-b[u] Sa Voc. T 17'. For Sum. zib, "paint," see eberu B v. sibittu s.; 1. prison, imprisonment, 2. hold, grasp, 3. pond, reservoir, 4. in qdt sibitti stolen property (found in the thief's possession), 5. correct behavior; OB, MB, SB, NB, LB; wr. syll. and EN.NUN, EN.NU.UN; cf. sabdtu. [en]-nu .LIUxGAN-teni.A = si-bi-it-tum Diri V 305; en.nu.un = si-bit-tu Ai. III iii 9, and (in phrases with nadanu, kalei, suiubu) ibid. 10-18, note en.nu.un.ga.ta = is-tu si-bit-ti ibid. 19f.; en.nu.un ki.en.nu.un= ma-sar si-bit-ti Lu II i 15. 16 is.gar.ta en.nu.un.ta ug 5 .ga lu KAXUD. : a ina bubuti u si-bit-ti ta en.nu.un.ta u g.ga imiitu sa ina sume u si-bit-ti imutu who died of hunger in (lit. and) imprisonment, who died of thirst in imprisonment ASKT p. 88-9:22 f., and dupl. RA 17 125 ii Iff.; dMa.nun.gal nin.e.kur.ra.kex (KID) : MIN be-li-it si-bit-ti BA 10/1 p. 93 No. 15 si-bitr. 5f., cf. dNUN+L[AGAR(?) : dM]A.NU.GAL te CT 24 43 xi 138 (list of gods). s 1. prison, imprisonment - a) in OB letters: PN Ja ebbibim Sa ana si-bi-tim sfi rubsu tanpuram the flute player PN, whom you ordered me in writing to put into prison 155 oi.uchicago.edu sibittu sibittu VAS 16 144:6; Babylon and Borsippa sa ... 3 ni-[pa]-ti-ka ana si-bi-tim ina qirbisu usterib arhis alkamma 3 ni-pa-ti-ka ina sibi-tim isi he has put your three pledges in prison, come quickly and get your three kamd si-bit-ta-si-nu abutma ukallimsuniti ncru who have been kept imprisoned in it (the conquered city), I destroyed their prison pledges out of prison Genouillac Kich 2 D 39:15 and 19, see Kupper, RA 53 178; ana [...] and set them free si-bi-tim usterib he has put (your wife, your sons and your slave girls) into prison 2. hold, grasp: eli ill kamutu si-bit-ta-su udanninma he (Marduk) strengthened his TCL 17 74:13, cf. come here quickly and throw yourself at the feet of PN assatka mdrika u amatika ina si-bi-tim susi'am and get your wife, your sons and your slave girls out of prison ibid. 22, cf. also ana si-bi-tim iiribassunuti CT 29 2c:11; concerning the slave who uttered a blasphemy (see miqit pi) against his master's son and sa ... ina si-bi- atta ana si-bi-tim ta[nad]dziu ... ina si-bi-ti-sa VAS 16 105:15; SAG.GEME imtut hold over the fettered gods En. el. IV 127. 3. pond, reservoir (LB): SE.NUMUN.MES ina misarisina itti si-bit-ti A.MEs-si-na fields in their (full) extent together with their ponds (to store) water ina si-bit-tic sa sarri arhissu iddinusuncti and granted them the A.MES MU.MES (requested) water from the pond belonging to the king, every month (from the 12th to the 15th) the slave girl died while she was BE 10 43:14, and ibid. line 9; he accepted (lit. listened to) their application ... ti-im ka-lu-[4] who is being held in prison PBS 7 60:11; Winckler Sar. pl. 35 No. 74:135, also ibid. pl. 22 No. 47:8'. BE 9 7:14, and ibid. line 6; ndr GN SE. usbarra sa sarri sa ina muhhisu sarri sa ina libbisu (rent) si-bit-ti 122, let.). from the GN canal, the royal usbarra-fields b) in Mari, Shemshara: mahis qaqqadisunu along it, and the water from the king's annikem ina si-bi-tim inassaru here they keep reservoir which belongs to it TuM 2-3 147:12, their accuser well guarded in prison Symbolae si-bit-ti sa ina libbi SE.NUMUN. NUMUN.MES imprisoned RA 15 140:18 (= Boyer Contribution u A.MES and cf. A.MES MES usbarrasa sarri ibid. 5, cf. sarri PBS 2/1 158:5. Koschaker 113:16; LU.MES na-as-[ru-tim in]a si-bi-it-tim [...] ARM 2 46:11; PN... sa ina si-bi-it-tim nadi (for) PN who is put in prison (appoint guardians so that they can bring him) Laessoe Shemshara p. 40:46. c) in OB omens: awelum ina a-l[i]-ka ana si-bi-it-tim innaddi somebody in your city will be thrown into prison YOS 10 33 iv 21; si-bi-it-tum ibbalakkat the prison will revolt YOS 10 47:57, also YOS 10 11 ii 30 (all ext.); wa-ga-ab si-bi-[it-tim] ibid. 54:30 (physiogn.); 4. in qdt sibitti stolen property (found in the thief's possession, NB): satt sa alpi ki ipus Su sI -bit-ti ina qdtisu ki asbataki dbuku he stole my ox, and I caught him red-handed and brought (him here) YOS 6 183:15; the object which PN took from the house of PN2 and which PN3 took out of his (PN's) hand deposited in Eanna as corpus delicti (against) him (PN) AnOr 8 27:18; (whatever barley in (physiogn.), and dupl. ibid. 49:13. d) in SB: NUN ina si-bit-tim BE the prince will die in prison LBAT 1526 r. 11 (astrol.), cf. ina EN.NU.UN imdt BRM 4 23 r. 23 (SB physiogn.); DIB-tU si-bit-ta ibbalakkit CT 31 20 r. 23 (SB ext.), cf. EN.NUN ili ibbalakkit CT 39 47:22 (SB Alu); sipddtu GAL.MES KI.MIN si-bittu4 NU.E there will be mourning, or an imprisonment (from which there is) no escape citizens of Sippar, Nippur, si-bit-ti sUI I si-bit-ti-si ina E.AN.NA iskunu has been ta-az-zi-im-ti si-bi-ti ana garrim complaint from the prison(?) to the king YOS 10 48:41 ACh Samas 10:4; A.MES excess of a certain quantity) mukinnu uktin nussu u uTII si-bit-tu4 ina qdtisu sabtatu witnesses have established with respect to him or has been seized as stolen property in his possession YOS 7 196:5; (PN has declared) "I have not taken more than 110 sheep or goats" imu u'1 si-bit-ti lu bdtiqu lu mukinnu arkisu eldt senu a' 110.TA ittaksadu 300 senu PN ana PN2 inandin should he, at any time hereafter, (through actual) possession of the stolen property (or through) an informer (or 156 oi.uchicago.edu sibittu sibittu through) witnesses, be found to have more than the 110 sheep or goats in his possession, then PN will give to PN2 300 sheep or goats BE 9 24:6; SU I I si-bi-it-<ti> ina qdtika la issa-bat no stolen property must be found in your hands YOS 3 57:18 (let.); SU II si-bit-tu sibittu in bit sibitti s.; prison; SB, NA, NB, Sumerogram (E.EN.NU.UN) in Hitt.; pl. bit sibtate (NA); wr. syll. and E.EN.NUN-ti; cf. sabbtu. a) in concrete sense: mar Nippuri Sippar Babili ... ibassi ina qdtesu is-sab-ta-ahas any stolen property been found in his hands? UET 4 191:16 (let.); [x-x]-es su I I si-bit-ti [sa] ikkaratilapan re'i ibukunu [list(?)] of the stolen property (here: cattle) which the farmers have taken away from the shepherd VAS 6 274: 1; ameluti sabit abija u I I si-bit-tiki usabbitaiddanniafter he had seized the slaves of my estate as stolen property he gave (them) to me ABL 716 r. 16; lu qdt sa(for sa)-bit-ti ina qdtisu it-ta-as-ba-tu or if any stolen property is found in his possession TCL 13 142:12; exceptional in NA: naphar 3 LU urki sa sinnista TA IGI sarte suII sib- <bit>-ti habulli all together, three persons who guarantee for the (sold) woman against her being claimed as a criminal, as stolen property (or) as a pledge ADD 307 r. 13. ana E si-bit-tim sirubu to put a citizen of Nippur, Sippar (or) Babylon in prison Lambert BWL 112:20, cf. ana bit si-bittim Sirubu ibid. 22 (Fiirstenspiegel); Sa ina E si-bit-ti nad tukallam nir you (Marduk) liberate him who has been thrown into prison AfO 19 66:8, cf. abka sa ina E si-b[it-ti ... ] Lambert BWL 130:74 (hymn to Samas); [ana] E sib-ta-te-su tusebala[su ... ] she (the goddess Tasmetu) brings him (Marduk) into his prison [...] von Soden, ZA 52 226:24 (cultic comm.); ahu u sepe siparra iltakansu ina E.EN.NITN-ti it-ta-x(read -sar?)-su he put him in chains, hand and foot, and kept him in prison ABL 460 r. 7 (NB); mubbirsunu ina kir E.EN.NUN (read bit massarti) KI.MIN ina kar E si-b[it-ti ... ] their accuser [will beheld] in prison, variant: in the bit sibitti CT 13 L.EN. 50:12 (SB prophecies); see, for the Hitt. NU.UN-ia Giiterbock, ZA 44 p. 58 C iii 8 and 10. 5. correct behavior: anaSuhuz si-bit-ti(var. -te) palah iii u sarri akli sapiri uma'irsuniti b) as a design made for ritual purposes: I sent overseers and supervisors to teach E si-bit-te sa qemi ina libbi tessir you draw them (the natives to be Assyrianized) correct a "prison" therein with flour KAR 90:19, cf. behavior (and) to serve the gods and the king qdt marsi tasabbatmaTA E si-bit-ti tusessiluma Lyon Sar. 12:74, also ibid. 18:96 and passim in this you lead the sick man by the hand out of the phrase in Sar.; obscure: adi si-bit-ti-su YOS 7 "prison" ibid. r. 12, cf. also LUGAL ina E 14:9 (NB), si-bi-it-ti dullu Unger Babylon 284 si-bit-ti ina muhhi GI bure GI.KID.M[AI tusYeab] No. 26 iii 33 (Nbk.). Sm. 2132 r. 9'. Note the use of sibittu in lieu of sibtu (see sibittu in sibtu C):si-bit-ti UDU.[NITA.MES ... ] X iabbatu cf. sabatu. should he (the unjust king) seize s.-tax on demon on the man CT 38 21:85 (SB Alu), for similar refs., see sibtu B mng. lc-2'. Note that EN.NUN is used in the meaning "prison" (see also sibittu in bit sibitti, sibittu in sa sibitti), and hence the unique occurrence of sibittu for the more usual massartu (see dandnu v. mng. 2b-2') sub mng. 2 may indicate that the two terms are interchangeable. bit sibitti s.; prisoner; SB; LU.MES.SAL.MES-4d [their] sheep Lambert BWL 114:41 (Fiirstenspie- gel), also (standing for sibit rabisi): si-bi-it-ti rabisi ina muhhi ameli attack of the rabisu- 9a Edsi-bit-te ina libbi la essir he must not keep its male and female prisoners there (in the palace) AKA 247 v 37 (Asn.); Lamastu kima sa E si-bit-ti teppus you treat the Lamastu like a prisoner 4R 56 i 22 (SB Lamastu); sd E si-bit-ti niirulimur may the prisoner become free Surpu IV 75; Sa E si-bit-ti la ukallimu niru released a prisoner (who) has not ibid. II 30; sa E si-bit-ti ssiid nira kullumu to let a prisoner go, to set (him) free ibid. IV 31. See sibittu in sa sibitti for the OB form. Ad mng. 4: Ebeling Neubab. Briefe 180. 157 oi.uchicago.edu sibittu sibtu A 9a sibittu in sibitti s.; prisoner; OB, SB; wr. syll. and Sa EN.NUN; cf. sabatu. lu.en.nu.un = sa si-bi-tim (followed by li.ki. en.nu.un = sa ma-sa-ar-tim) OB Lu A 272. KAL LUGAL ippalla Sa si-bi-tim nasri (for nasrum) ana nakrim u-si the stronghold(?) of the king will be breached, the well guarded prisoner will escape to the enemy CT 6 2 No. 22, after Nougayrol, RA 38 77 (OB liver model); Sa EN.NUN limassir he should free a prisoner (sa EN.NUN replacing kald or sabta, see Landsberger Kult. Kalender 116) r. 4 (SB hemer.). Thompson Rep. 215 See sibittu in sa bit sibitti for the SB form which replaces OB sa sibitti except in the isolated hemer. reference. sibtetu s. pl. tantum; fetters, imprisonment; NB; cf. sabatu. a) fetters: 2 ALN.BAR sib-te-e-ti sa ana fna(?)1-di-e sa PN two iron fetters to put on(?) PN AN.BAR GCCI 1 219:1, cf. [x sib]-te-e-ti ibid. 51:1. b) imprisonment: ever since PN and PN 2 have run away from among us gabbi nagi sib-te-e-tu4 bzsetu sab-ta-ni we others have all been held in grievous imprisonment BIN 1 36:29 (let.); x silver thatwas received anakim batdqa sa rittu Ja PN u ... kum sib-te-e-ti §a PN2 in lieu of the (corporal punishment consisting of) cutting off PN's hand, and (x silver) in lieu of the imprisonment of PN 2 ZA 3 224:5, cf. ibid. 8, 13, 17. sibtu A s. fem.; 1. interest, 2. (a part of the liver), 3. (a garment), 4. (a type of bread); from OA, OB on; pl. sibatu; wr. syll. and MA ; cf. asabu. [ma-as] MAS = sib-[tu] Idu I 162, also Sb I 60; ma-as MAS = sib-tum (with comm. ni-is-[hu]) A VIII/3:17; [ma-as] MAS = si-ib-tu A II/6 C 44; [m ]a = sib-tum, [x].x = MIN jd GIG ditto (i.e., seizure) said of a disease Antagal E a 28f.; ma-as MAS = sib-tum, tal-lum A I/6:106f.; Uvz.MAS = siib-ti Practical Vocabulary Assur 913. mas = si-ib-td Ai. I iv 78; [m]as.se.ginx(OIM) = si-ib-tu k[i-ma] se-im interest like that on barley Ai. II i 29; mas.se.da ba.an.da.sa = MIN it-ti se-i[m im-ta]-at-har the interest corresponds to that on barley ibid. 30, ma .KI.LAM.gin.a.ginx = MIN ki-ma KI.LAM i-lak interest at the current rate (on barley) ibid. 31, mas.KI.LAM.gub.ba. ginx = MIN ki-ma KI.LAM iz-[za]-az the interest remains at the present rate ibid. 32, mad.bi.8 gur.ru.dam = a-na si-ib-ti-sd 4-[t]ar he will return as interest on it ibid. 33; mad.uru.ginx = si-ib-tu ki-ma [URU] interest as (customary in) the city ibid. 34, mas ba.ra.bal = MIN it-ta-bal-kit the (rate of) interest has gone down ibid. 35, mas.mu.1.kam = si-bat sa-na-at ibid. 36, mas. iti.l.kam = si-bat a-ra-ah ibid. 37, mas.uru 1 PI se.ta.am = si-bat URU 1 PI.TA.AM ibid. 38, mas.uru 1 (PI) 4 (BAN) se.ta.am = si-bat URU 1 (PI) 40.TA.AM ibid. 39, mas.ku.bi = si-bat kds-pi ibid. 40, mas 1 gin igi.5.gal se.ta.am= MIN 1 GfN IGI.5.GAL.TA.AM ibid. 41, mas 10 gin 2 gin.ta. am = MIN 10 GfN 2 GiN.TA.AM ibid. 42, mas 1.ma. na 12 GfN.ta.am = MIN 1 MA.NA 12 GIN.TA.AM ibid. 43; ma nu.tuk = si-ib-t[a ul i-si] ibid. 77, su.1 mas.nu.tuk = qip-tu [si-ib-ta ul i-si] ibid. 78; mu.mas.ku.ga.a.ni.se = ds-su si-bat kas-pisu on account of the interest on his silver Ai. II iv 27'; se mas.bi an.ni.ib.[Ag.gA] = [se-a u] sibat-su i-ma-da-ad he measures out the barley and the interest on it Ai. III ii 1; mai.se = si-bat se-im (see zibbatu mng. 2a-3') Ai. IV i 40; k u u Ai. VI i 24, cf. m[as.b]i = kds-pa i Mk-sa (in broken context) Ai. App. to Tablet VII iii 5', 11' and 13'; m s = si-ib-tum Hh. I 48, mas.bi = sibat-su ibid. 49, mas.bi. s = a-na sib-ti-sd ibid. 50, mas.bi.se in.gar = a-na MIN is-kun ibid. 51, mas.dUtu = si-bat dSamas ibid. 52, mas.dUtu. gi.na = MIMIN N ki-i-ni ibid. 53, mas.gi.na = sibtum ki-i-ni ibid. 54, mda.nu.gi.na = MIN la MIN ibid. 54a, mas gi.na dah.he.dam = MIN us-sab ibid. 55, mas.ga.gA.dam = MIN i-sak-kan ibid. 56, mds dah.he.dam= MINus-sabibid. 57, md~ sum. mu.dam = MIN i-nam-din ibid. 58, mas gur.ru. dam = MIN u-ta-ri ibid. 59, mia nu.me.am = sa la sib-tum ibid. 60, mas an.tuk = sib-tum i-si ibid. 61, mas nu.an.tuk = MIN ul MIN ibid. 62, mas ba.an.tuk = sib-tum i-si ibid. 63, masnu.ba.an. tuk = MIN ul MIN ibid. 64, cf. also lines 65 and 66 (= Ai. II i 34 and 35), mas.m a = sib-bat sib-tum Hh. I 67, mas.bi mas ib.tuk = sib-bat-susib-tum i-si ibid. 68; kui mas.bi = kds-pa si-bat-su ibid. 286, se mas.bi = se-im MIN ibid. 287; [mas].ki. babbar.bi.se al.gub = ana si-bat kds-pi-su izza-az ibid. 349, [ma] ku.babbar.bi.8 nu.al. gub = [MIN] ul iz-za-az ibid. 350. 1. interest - a) in OA - 1' in gen.: x i si-ba-su kunukma ana PN dinma libilam seal and give the x minas of silver and the interest on it to PN, so that he may bring it here BIN 6 74:24, and passim; 2 MA.NA kaspam sarrupam t si-ba-sui a i~tu 10 KIT.BABBAR Sanat two minas of refined silver and the interest on it for ten years OIP 27 62:27, cf. sa itu 158 MU.5.§:E BIN 4 19:31; kaspum iStu 13 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu A sibtu A Sandtim ana si-ib-tim illakakkum for thirteen years the silver has been accumulating interest with you CCT 4 9b:7; silver u si-basi sa adi umim annim and the interest on it up to this day BIN 4 98:24; kaspam u si-ba-si mala wasmu silver and as much interest on it as is correct KTS 13a:17; note also uttutum si-ba-si barley and the interest on ima'idam BIN 4 218:24 and BIN 6 39:16; any tablet which appears in my house saying ga hubul PN ana si-ib-tim illukusunni sar that the debt of PN accrues interest to his debit is false TCL 21 264A: 17, cf. 1 mandm [iwwars him] TA ana si-ib-tim [il]lak Berytus 3 76:15. also adi MN 61 GiN TA si-ib-tum illik TCL 4 u 21:17 and ibid. 13, for other refs., see alaku; ana si-ib-tim dina lend it out at interest BIN 6 25:21; summa si-ib-tdm eriska if he asks you for interest BIN 4 56:13; summa si-ib-tdm sa Sattim annitim tadanam la imua if he refuses to pay the interest for this year KTS 12:17, it TCL 21 177:4, ana werim u si-ib-ti-su OIP 27 56:42; KI.BABBAR qadum si-ib-ti-[u] AAA 1 pl. 21 No. 3:17, of. OIP 27 62:6, TCL 4 87:33, u 36, 40; a tablet concerning x kaspim si-ba-ti-su x silver and the interest on it BIN 4 79:15, BIN 4 146:14, cf. sitti kaspim s.i-ba-tit-u ana werim annim i si-ba-ti-u TCL 20 110:9, and often in the plural; si-ib-rtdml also ibid. 13; as to x silver the term (for u si-ba-at si-ib-tim nimannuakkum we shall charge you interest and compound interest repayment) of which has elapsed si-ib-tdm la tasammea do not listen to (offers of) interest (but collect it and send it to me) BIN 4 26:35; summa si-ba-tim tusarsia if you have let KT Hahn 8:12f.; interest .summa luqssu ana kaspim u si-ba-tim la ikaisad should his goods not equal in value the silver and the interest on it b) in OB - 1' from Babylonia - a' in the codes: 1 siqlum IGI.6.GAL u 6 SE MAS ussab 1 kurrum 1 (PI) 40 (siLA) SE MAS ussab per KT Blanckertz 4:21. 2' with indication of the rate of interest: 12 GIN.TA ana 1 manim ina ITI.1.KAM si-ibtdm ussab he adds one and a half shekels per month for each mina TCL 21 213:8, and passim, note 1 MA.NA.TA ana 1 biltim iwwarhim si-ib-tdm ussab CCT 1 7b:17, also MVAG 35/3 No. 316:20, cf. 1 GiN.TA ana 1 manm si-ib-tdm ina warhim ussab TCL 21 229:15, as against 1 manum 3 MA.NA si-ib-tdm ussab TCL 20 91:26; note the formulation: 1 GIN.TA KT.BABBAR ana 10 GiN-tim si-ib-tdm BIN 4 57:18; if they do not pay when the term has elapsed kima awat kdrim si-ib-tdm ussubu they will pay interest according to the order accrue (to him) BIN 4 3:19; for other refs., see gamalu v. mng. la-1'. shekel one pays as interest 36 grains, per kur one pays as interest 100 (silas) of barley Goetze LE § 18A:6f. and 19f., cf. se'am z MAS.BI 1 kurrum 1 (PI) 40 (SiLA) ileqqe ibid. § 20:12, KU.BABBAR U MAS.BI 1 siqlum IGI.6.GAL 4 [6 SE] ileqqe ibid. § 21:14; of. also CH § L, see Driver and Miles Babylonian Laws p. 38, after PBS 5 93 i 6 and 10; barley sa kaspisu si-ba-si sa itti tamkarim ilq for the silver-and the interest on it-which he received from the merchant CH § 49:38, but cf. up to the value Sa kaspisu u si-ib-ti-su sa itti tamkdrim ilqd of his silver and the interest on it, which he of the kdrum TuM 1 13b: 16, and passim, note (with kima awat Kdnis) TCL 21 239: 10f., and summa ana sanat la istaqal 1 GIN.TA si-ib-tdm kima awat kdrim ussab BIN 6 51:8; kima received from the merchant awat karim si-ib-tdm uddiama indicate the interest according to the order of the kdrum ippal he pays the silver and the interest on it according to his tablet CH § A:20, see Driver BIN 6 38:27. and Miles Babylonian Laws p. 34; si-ba-a-at kaspim mala ilqi interest on the entire 3' in special phrases: kaspam bit tamkdrim a-si-ib-tim alqe si-ib-tum ima'idma libbZ imar= ras I took the silver at interest from the merchant's house, I shall be angry should too much interest accrue TCL 19 73:28f., and passim, for refs. see leq4 (anasibtim), cf. si-ib-tum la ibid. § 51:62; si-ib-tam sa Sattim su'ati ul inaddin he need not pay interest for that year CH § 48:15; kaspam u MAS-sui sa p1 tuppisu tamkdram (amount of) silver which he has received CH § V, see Driver and Miles Babylonian Laws p. 42, after PBS 5 93 iii 1; si-ba-tim ana qaqqar dim uttehhi (if) he has added the interest to 159 the capital ibid. p. 40, after PBS 5 93 ii 4. oi.uchicago.edu sibtu A sibtu A b' in leg.: hubuttatum si-ib-ta ula i-Su a will (capital and interest) become equal? TCL 1 188:3; TMB 72 No. 146:2, for other math. texts, see MKT 1 351ff. and TMB No. 219ff., MKT 353 and TMB No. 217ff., MKT 516f. and TMB No. 614. hubuttatu-loan without interest andku se'am u si-ba-[sd] uter I returned the barley and the interest on it PBS 8/2 175:11; si-ba-tum eli PN PN2 iSu PN owes (five 2' from Ishchali, Khafajah: usetteqma MAS ussab if he lets (the term) elapse, he pays shekels of silver) to PN2 as interest BIN 2 87:1; MAS 1 MA.NA GIN ussab he pays one- interest UCP 10 162 No. 93:10, and passim concerning hubuttatu-loans, also MAS I.AG.E ibid. third mina(!) for one mina, as interest PBS 8/2 195:2, cf. mas 1 gur 100 (sila) se dah.h6. 101 24:10, MAS.BI ussab ibid. 107 32:9; MAS dUTU ussab ibid. 79 No. 4:2, and passim referring dam BE 6/1 38:2, cf. Gautier Dilbat 58:2; mas. bi 1 gin 60 se.ta sixty grains' (i.e., one- to loans of silver; [GUR].1-um 100 (siLA).TA. third shekel) interest on each shekel PSBA 21 pl. opp. p. 159:2; A.[AN] MAS ussab he pays 100 silas as interest mas 10 gin 2 gin.ta.Am dah.hi.dam PBS 13 54:2; igil.4.gal.ta rdahl.hi.dam [mas on each gur of barley ibid. 120 No. 46:3, also No. 51:3(!) and 68:2(!); for Khafajah, see Rivkah Harris, JCS 9 37f. 1 [gin PBS 8/1 39:2; 3 se gur 1 gin KU.BABBAR mas in.tuk Jean Sumer et Akkad 220:2; mas.ge.na fair (rate of) interest Gautier Dilbat 51:2, TCL 10 138:2, 11 196:2, 211:2, 213:2, 214:2, Scheil Sippar 103:2, mas.ge.na dah.he.dam BIN 2 84:2, MAS.GE.NA ussa[b] BA 5 517 No. 55:2, mas.dUtu.ge.na ibid. 499 No. 25:2, mas. dUtu BE 6/1 27:2, also TCL 11 222:2 and 9; m a . n e. h a equitable (rate of) interest Gautier Dilbat 7:5; see also qZptu, makalu; mas nu.tuk without interest VAS 13 2:2, and passim, mas nu.ub.tuk BE 6/2 15:2, mas nu.[tuk.al PBS 8/2 214:1, mas nu. me.a VAS 7 106:2, PBS 8/2 214:11; [mia in.tukl with interest BE 6/2 13:2; see also 3' from Mari: assurrimaina eblrim e'em u MAS-sU usaddanuneti heaven forbid that they collect from us the barley and the interest on it at harvest time ARM 2 81:23, cf. uli kima si-ib-tam ussabu uluma kima qaqqadammaina ebirim utarru whether they have to return (the barley) with interest at harvest time or the principal only ibid. 17; now the palace is suing him ana 10 A.GAR [Seem] qadum si-ibti-[uu] for the ten A.GAR of grain plus interest on it ARM 1 80:9; kima MAS-ti-u 2 UDU. NITA itabbah he will slaughter two rams in lieu of the interest on it (the silver loaned by Samar) ARM 8 48:10, and see Rivkah Harris, JCS 14 132. Ai., in lex. section. c' in letters: summa se'am u si-ba-as-su la tanaddina in case you do not deliver the barley and the interest on it YOS 2 19:33, cf. kaspam u si-ba-as-si ibid. 27:20, but kaspam u si-ib-ta-[am] susqilma ibid. 15; si-ib-tam i-di-ni-su give (fem.) him the interest! VAS 16 68 r. 11; se'am u MAS.BI PN lisaddinuma let them collect the barley and the interest on it from PN LIH 24:14; si-ba-a-tim ana ummiad nim ussab he will pay interest to the creditor (from the day he gave him the silver) BIN 7 44:24; MAS-su ittanarbi the interest on it has accrued UCP 9 p. 357 No. 26:10; ana si-ba-at kaspim VAS 16 5:14. d' in math.: 1 vUR ana si-ba-at idinma ina kzmasi sanatim limtahar lend out one gur (of barley) at interest--in how many years c) in Elam: se'am u hubullasu kaspam [u MAS] utdr he returns the barley and the interest on it, the silver and the interest on it MDP 23 197:7, also, wr. MAS.NI ibid. 198:11, and cf. ul MAS ul hubullu ibid. 199:9, also [ul si]-ib-tu ul hub[ullu] MDP 22 31:6; should he not pay in the month of MN si-ba-ti inaddin MDP 22 28:14; kaspum ah-wa-a-tu MAS.NU. TUK qaqqadamma utdr the silver is held in common, it bears no interest, he returns (it) in the capital amount MDP 24 345:4; 1 GIN 1 GIN MAS ussab he will add one-third shekel interest per shekel MDP 23 185:7, cf. (in the same formulation but wr. 10 for 1) MDP 22 24:6 and 30:6, (exceptional rate) ibid. 23:7; MAS IGI.4.GAL.TA one-fourth (shekel) interest per (shekel) MDP 28 434:3, also 10 (for 1) MDP 22 22:3. GIN IGI.4.GA[L] MAS ussa[b] 160 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu A sibtu A d) in MB Alalakh: si-ib-ta la i-su Wiseman MAS NU.TUK GIS.APIN MAS GIN PBS 2/1 56:17, see Cardascia Archives des Murais p. 152. sindti igra NU.TUK-ma the silver bears no interest, they (the pledges) do not receive MAS = si-ib-tu (between martu and ubdnu) Alalakh 50:4, of. KIU.BABBAR wages ibid. 47:10, cf. Ki.BABBAR TUK U PN igra NU.TUK 2. (a part of the liver) - a) in lex.: uzu. MAS NU Practical Vocabulary Assur 913; ibid. 49:11; he de- livers 200 doves ana MAS sa kaspi as interest on the silver possibly also ma-s MAS = sib-tum, tal-lum A I/6:106f. b) in OB: si-ba-sd lu wa-as-ba-[at] let its ibid. 48:11. la inandin ana pani MAS-si GIN-ak if he does s. be protuberant RA 38 86 r. 17 (ext. prayer), cf. MAS as-ba-at JCS 11 96 No. 3:8; si-ib-tum salmat the s. is perfect YOS 10 7:16 (ext. report), cf. ibid. 5 and 28, YOS 10 8:16, but note MAS sa-lim YOS 10 19:18 (ext. report); summa GIS.TUKUL rzsi si-ib-tam ittul if the "mark of assistance" faces the s. YOS 10 46 ii 36, and passim; if the right mark mehret si-ib-tim sakimma si-ib-tam ittul is placed opposite the s. and faces the s. ibid. iii 10f., cf. warkat si-ib-tim kakku sakimma si-ib-tam ittul YOS 10 42 iv 16f.; summa ina birit si-ib-tim u ubdnim silum nadi if there is an abrasion between the s. and the "finger" YOS 10 11 iii 13; if a "mark" is on the "gate of the not pay, e) in Nuzi: after the harvest SE.MES itti MAS.MES ana PN utdrma he returns the barley with interest to PN TCL 9 45:6, (the creditor) cf., wr. qadu MAS-ti-J HSS 9 86:7, adu MAS-ti-su RA 23 146 No. 16:9, HSS 9 93:7, itti MAiSHSS 9 75:8, and passim with turru; note: whosoever is present among us SfG.MES itti MAS-ti-su ana PN umalla will pay in full the wool and the interest on it to PN JEN 663:9; ana MAS-ti ilqi (the debtor) received (x tin) at interest HSS 9 95:5, and passim, ana MAS ... ilteqe HSS 9 120:1; hurdsu MAS la isu JEN 489:8, cf. JEN 609:9; summa (additional) palace" si-ba-at nirim ittul and faces the s. interest SMN 2363:13, cf. summa ... la utdrma anaMAS-ti ana panisuillak SMN 2384:14, also hurdsu ana MAS [illak] JEN 489:12, 609:13, of the "yoke" YOS 10 9:11, cf. ibid. 27:10; DIS MAS russukat if the s. is dry YOS 10 35 r. 1; DIS MAS irtaqiq if the s. becomes thin ibid. r. 2; and SE.MES 1 BAN SE ana MAS-Ju illak JEN 625:18. ibid. r. 21, dupl. RA 38 88, and passim in this text, (the loan) accrues 2 MAs irtadia if two s.-s follow each other note 4 MAS-tum YOS 10 35 r. 26, and (referring to the color of the s.) ibid. 30f.; MAS sikitti f) in MA: edanu ettiqma annuku ana MAS GIN if the term elapses, interest accrues on amitim saknat (if) the s. has the texture of the tin KAJ 19:9, and passim; annaka u MAS.MES-Ju ihiat KAJ 19:14, and passim, see hdtu mngs. 4a, 4d and 4c, also passim (with nadanu) KAJ 28:19, 70:17, etc., (with i.LA.E) KAJ 37:8, note, wr. MAS-ti-u KAJ 25:16; kimi MAS.MES AN.NA anne in lieu of (paying) interest on this tin KAJ 50:9, also ibid. 52:10, 77:8; the liver ibid. 33; DIS si-ib-tum [kima] uzun lale if the s. is like a kid's ear RA 38 82:14, cf. (kima usulti sa dami) ibid. 12, (kima iusi) ibid. 16; DIS si-ib-tum ana 6 patrat if the s. is split sixfold RA 38 82:6, cf. (with ana 10 patrat) ibid. 8, (ana 20 patrat) ibid. 10. Note zi as Akkadogram (abbr. of si-ib-tum?) in Hitt. ext., see Laroche, RHA 54 29f. libittu ana MAS illak the bricks will accumulate interest KAJ 86:9. g) exceptionally in NB: kaspi ana sib-tu4 se-im ana IAR.RA silver at interest, barley at hubullu-interest TCL 12 86:18, cf. idi biti jdnu [MAi] kaspi jdnu Nbn. 239:5; Sa la MAS [ina pet]e KA tanandin she pays back (the loan) without interest at the opening of the gate (of the besieged city) TuM 2-3 35:26, cf. sa la MAS [ina pete K]A usallam ibid. 18; obscure: 11 c) in MB, SB: summa MAS ebdt if the s. is thick CT 20 39:14, cf. MAS halqat KAR 434 r. 4, MAS rapsat KAR 423 ii 82, see (for kubbutat, kazzat, ekmet, zirat, salhat) Boissier Choix 1 98; summa MAt mala ubani imtasi if the s. is as big as the "finger" CT 20 39:10; summa ina amuti MAS u GAB sumeli la TUK- i if there is no s. and left fissure on the liver TCL 6 1 -21, cf. ibid. 15; summaina imitti marti 161 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu A sibtu A pitru MAS ittul if there is a fissure on the right of the gall bladder and it faces the s. KAR 150:19, cf. ibid. 4; Summa istu libbi ME. NI usurtu ana MAS esretma libbasa BABBAR- ma TIR if there is a design (extending) from the "gate of the palace" toward the s. and its inside is white and .... Boissier DA 217:1, cf. [Jumma elenu ME.NI kakku sakinma] MAS ittul KAR 442 r. 17, and Boissier DA 219 r. 8, cf. ina sumeli marti sepu suhhurat ina UGU MAS usurtu rahsat JAOS 38 82:11 (MB), also sepu suhhuratma birit MAS u ubani [...] CT 31 11 obv.(!) i 4; Summa ina pidi MAS silu nadi if an abrasion lies on the shoulder of the s. KAR 423 iii 5, cf. [summa ina nf]ri birit MAS u ubani silu nadi if an abrasion lies on the yoke between the s. and the "finger" KAR 151:21; [summa ina] res nri mehret MAS ussurtu (BARtu 4) nadat if a detached section lies on the top of the yoke opposite the s. KAR 151:17; summa MAS ana 2 BAR-ma if the s. is divided in two PRT 131:7; summa kakku MAS ana sumili tebi if the weapon mark on the s. rises towards the left PRT 138:8, cf. summa DI MAS ina muhhi MAS esir PRT 102:6, also KAR 423 iii 2; ina UGU MAS usurtu JAOS 38 82:16 (MB); summa ina qabal niri sepu MAS ikkis if the "foot" mark cuts across the s. in the center of the "yoke" KAR 454 r. 11, cf. [...] MAS sepu mzsaris esret if the "foot" mark is drawn correctly(?) [on the ... ] of the s. ibid. r. 13; padanu dandnu sulmu silu MAS (list of exta) BBR No. 1-20:37 and 114; note the exceptional: 1 uban nmru u MAS the "yoke" and the s. are one finger (long) CT 20 44 i 53, cf. Boissier DA 12 i 27. 3. (a garment, used mainly in clothing sacred images, NB only) - a) used in clothing sacred images - 1' in Sippar: the clothing of Samas, great lord, lord of Sippar, seventh day of Nisannu 2 GADA salhu 4 TUG sib-ti kutinnu 40 MA.NA 36 MA.NA dullu [gamrul KI.LA TUG.HI.A TUG. MAS (for Samas, beside a husannu for Samas and Aja) VAS 6 17:6, cf. (for Bunene) ibid. 8, also (for Samas, beside a kusitu for Aja) VAS 6 28:8; TUG.HI.A MAS dUTU VAS 6 208:2, and (for Bunene) ibid. 3; 20 MA.NA KI.LA 2 si-ba-tu sa dSama VAS 6 71:5, cf. [...] 2 TUG sib-ba-tu4 (for Samas) Camb. 414:4; 20 MA.NAKI.LA 2 MAS (for Sama) Nbn. 726:4, also ibid. 826:4, cf. 2 MA.NA KI.LA TUG.HI.A U TUG.MAS (for Samar) ibid. 1015:8, Cyr. 232:5 and 16, (for Bunene) ibid. 12; [x] MA.NA KI.LA sib-tu4 aa dAdad Camb. 413:19, cf. [...] KI.LA UD.HI.A G sib-tu4 sa dHAR (= Bunene) ibid. 9, cf. (for Bunene) sib-tu4 Nbn. 826:9, and Cyr. 289:10, cf., wr. TUG.MAS.HI.A (for TUG. MAS. <HI>.A) Cyr. 201:5, and (for Bunene) TUG.HI.A U TUG.MAS.HI.A ibid. 11. 2' in Uruk: 20 MA.NA mihsu pesu 2 TUG. MAS (for the Lady-of-Uruk) TCL 12 107:2 and 5, [x+]6 MA.NA KI.LA sib-tu4 Ja dAnnur nitu Camb. 413:14; 20 MA.NA TUG mihsi pes4 2 TUG.MAS.ME twenty minas of white thread for two s.-garments (for the Lady-of-Uruk) YOS 7 183:1, cf. 5 MA.NA TUG mihsi peso 1 TUG.MAS (for Nana) ibid. 9, also (for [Belet sa] res) ibid. 16, (for Usur-amassu) ibid. 22, all given to the weaver, also GCCI 2 121:5; 16 MA. NA KI.LA TUG sib-tu4 Ja Annunitu 16 minas, weight of the s.-garment of DN (beside TUG ursu) Camb. 312:14; three minas of alum ana TUG.MAS.GAL sa dNand for (dyeing) a large s.-garment for Nana BIN 2 128:2. b) in secular use: in all one-half mina of silver in one piece u 1-en TUG sib-tu4 a-ki(!) 5 GIN kaspi u 1-en TUG sib-tu sa a-ki(!)-i pi atar and one s.-garment worth five shekels of silver and one s.-garment as an additional gift AnOr 8 8: 15f.; 38 MA.NA kitinne ana sib- ba-ta 38 minas of kitinnu-fabric for s.- garments (at the disposal of PN) AfO 16 p. 307 No. 2:3 and pl. 15; uncertain: two and a Juqultasunu two linen salhu-garments, four s.-garments of kutinnu-cut, weighing forty minas BBSt. No. 36 p. 127:3 (NB), cf. (for the third of Ulfilu) 2 GADA salhu 3 TUfG sib-ti 1-en GADA hullanu 1-en mezihu GADA, etc. ibid. 12; 2 MA.NA KI.LA TUG.HI(!).A(!) TUG sib-tu Sa Marduk Camb. 312:12, cf. (for emendation) Nbn. 726:9; third minas of wool from the storehouse, one mina and twelve shekels of tabarru-colored (wool) ana sib-tus Ja x [...] Nbn. 785:4, also 100 [guzullu] ana 1 GfN Ki.BABBAR ana si-baa-[ti] Nbn. 753:19. 4. (a type of bread): barley flour and sa ana 243 sib-tu emmer wheat flour 162 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu B sibtu B nuhatimmu ippi which the baker is using to bake 243 (loaves of) bread RAcc. p. 62:26, cf. 30 sib-tu4 nuhatimmu inandin ibid. 27, ina rabi u tardinnu sa seri 8.TA.AM sib-tu4 nuhatimmu inandin for the main and the second courses of the evening (meal) the baker delivers eight (loaves of) bread for each ibid. 28, and passim in this text; note elat si-ba- at rabbil u akal makkas Sa ana siditu ilani apart from the bread for the rabbi and the date jam cake which are for the provisions of the gods ibid. 35; 1 masihi a 1-en sib-tu 4 one measure for one (loaf of) bread (included in barley delivered to the baker) CT 4 41c:13; 1 siLA ina suti sa 10 MA.NA Sa ana sib-tu 4 Camb. 150:6, cf. (for the situ of this capacity) RAcc. 62:22, and ibid. p. 81 n. 3; Sa 3 sib-ba-tu4 guqqdne Cyr. 40:17. For the expression mas. a. s. ~ ga, referring to payments of small amounts of silver, attested mainly in Ur III and earlier texts but which appears also in the early OB text (ig-Kizilyay-Kraus Nippur 18:9, see Kraus, JCS 3 137f., Oppenheim, Eames Coll. p. 57. The words under mngs. 3 and 4 have been listed here solely on account of their plural sibatu. The use of the logogram MAS alone is not a sufficient criterion, since MAS is also used for the word sibtu derived from sabatu; see sibtu B and C. However, no etymological connection between sibtu (a garment) or sibtu (a kind of bread or pastry) with asabu can be suggested. Ad mng. 1: Falkenstein Gerichtsurkunden 2 229 n. 2; Meissner, MAOG 11/1-2 66f. Ad mng. 2: Hussey, JCS 2 29; Nougayrol, RA 40 82f.; Goetze, JCS 11 97. (see mng. 2b); wr. syll. and DIB (MAS in mng. la, i.DAB5 in mng. 2); cf. sabatu. [... ].x = MIN (= sib-tum) sd GIG (after mas = sibturn) Antagal E a 29; uh.KA.dib = si-bit ap-pi sneeze, instant Izi J ii 18; a.HI.A§ = si-bit ap-pi (in group with katamu, rappum) Erimhus V 165, cf. [a].pa.as = si-bit a[p-pi], zamar, surru Izi G 240; GI.BE = si-ib-ta-atre-di Silbenvokabular A 57. si-bit ap-pi = [MIN] (= za-mar) Malku III 75; be-en-nu, u-dingir-ra-ku = si-ib-tu An IX 42f., also LTBA 2 2:320f. DIB KUR // si-bit(!) [...], sa-ba-a-tum [// ... ] RA 17 141:9 (Alu Comm.). 1. seizure, attack (referring to diseases) - a) in gen.: summa sinnistu marsatma DIB-sa ina mii issanabbassi if a woman is sick and her attack always comes at night Labat TDP p. 214:12, cf. ibid. 13; Summa ina aldk girri DIB-tu isbassuma if the attack seizes him on a journey STT 89:174, cf. ibid. 180; elenitu elamdta si-bit-sa mu-i-[tum] the deceitful woman is an Elamite, her attack means death Maqlu III 81, cf. ddni si-bit[sa] ibid. 80, also dan si-bit-su AMT 46,2:6; ana si-ib-ti-ka against your (the demon's) seizure (in broken context) AMT 36,2 r. 5; MAS be (abbr. for bennu) (guarantee against) an attack of epilepsy VAS 1 86:26, also ibid. 89:24; MA-te benni VAS 1 90:30, sib-bit(or -bat) bi ibid. 91:17, si-bit(or -bat) be PEQ 1904 231:3' (all NA); for other refs., see bennu; ana si-bit li'[bi sadi nasdhi] in order to allay an attack of mountain fever KUB 29 58:1, cf. ibid. v 15, see G. Meier, ZA 45 200, cf. li'bu si-bit sad Maqlu II 56; see also Antagal E a 29, in lex. section. b) used alone, denoting epilepsy: sib-ti ina 100 ime sartu ina kal ime (guarantee against) epilepsy for one hundred days (and against the slave's being) stolen property sibtu B s. masc.; 1. seizure, attack (referring to diseases), 2. (agricultural) holding (in feudal tenure), 3. imprisonment, 4. capacity (of a container), 5. illegal seizure, 6. portion, 7. in idiomatic expressions sibit temi action, (oath performed by) decision, sibit tule touching the breast (of the partner), sibit appi sneeze, instant, sibit qdte security, manipulation, manacles, sibit niggalliharvest; from OA, OB on; stat. const. sibit, pi. sibtatu 11* forever AJSL 42 192 No. 1170 r. 3, also ADD 232 r. 4 and VAS 1 93:21; see also the equation bennu = sibtu, in lex. section, and see zibtu A for refs. possibly to be read aban sibte. c) in names of diseases - 1' with names of parts of the body: sibit pi aphasia (or a similar speech impediment): lsmat la natli sakdk uzn un si-bit pi-i ana sat umZ lisimuu may they assign him as a permanent fate blindness, deafness, and loss of speech MDP 163 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu B sibtu B 2 pl. 23 vii 38 (MB), for the corresponding only) - a) in gen.: fields i.DAB5 PN TCL 11 156:4, and passim in this text, also 145:14, Sum. loan word kadibbidd (always wr. KA. DIB.BI.DA) see s. v.; sibit libbi "seizure of the belly" (probably referring to an intestinal disorder): DIB-it A irsi (among symptoms) is-mi DIB- Labat TDP 44 r. 42; [T x-x]-gu : it lib-bi medicine for seizure of the belly (between esilti libbi and miqit libbi) CT 14 36 81-2-4,267 r. 8 and 12 (Uruanna). 2' 11 229:2', also YOS 5 161:7; GIS.SAR si-bi-it PN Haverford Symposium No. 9:2, cf. YOS 12 with names of gods and demons: si-bi-it dUTU CT 5 5:31, si-bi-it dlshara ibid. 4:11, si-bi-it DINGIR.MAI ibid. 10, si-bi-it Ku-bi ibid. 6:64, cf. YOS 10 57:12f. (OB oil omens, in all instances complete apod.); si-bi-it DINGIR.MAH etc., A.SA ... si-bi-it PN YOS 12 360:2, exceptionally from Sippar BE 6/1 119 iii 14 and 11; i.DAB 5 PN SES.NI holding of PN and his brother TCL 11 239:16; A.SA ... li-ib-bu si-bi-it A.sA PN a field within PN's holding TCL 11 154:5, cf. SA i.DAB 5 PN TCL YOS 10 42 i 51 (OB ext., apod.); note in Mari: qdtam sa umsu LU si-bi-is-si-mapanem likil let every man keep his former holding as it was before ARM 1 434:2; 6:36. b) referring to officials: I.DAB 5 UKU.U.E. the reidt-officials' holding TCL 11 156:11, cf. A.SA si-bi-it reditisunu the field that is (their) holding because of their redd-status si-bit dKu-bi Labat TDP 220:34; DIB-it dMAS. TAB.BA ibid. 118:20; DIB dLamasti // mdrat dAni ibid. 224:51f., si-bit marat dAnim ibid. 228:106 (all apod.), but note summa LT.TUR kima DIB-it dLamasti tmisamma issanabbassu NE if the small child has attacks every day like ibid. (the disease) "seizure-by-Lamastu" 224:58; usasbitanni murussu lemnu sa si-bit mmit, she (the witch) has inflicted upon me her terrible disease caused by the attack field of x extent, the holding (due to me as) rid'-official (I have had its usufruct for thirty years, now the elders of the city have taken away half of my field and given it to Su (released) by a curse BRM 4 18:6; ina DIB-it SU.GIDIM through an attack of (the disease called) "hand of a ghost" AMT 33,1:28, cf. KAR 182:14, and passim in med.; DIB etemmi Labat TDP 112 i 18', and passim in Labat TDP, but note: if he loses his senses and constantly runs around in a daze GIM DIB-it etemmi like one seized by a ghost ibid. 22:37, cf. ibid. 24:49; if a man's forehead hurts him ina DIB-it etemmi owing to seizure by a ghost AMT 97,4:25, cf. KAR 202 ii 52; INIM.INIM.MA ina DIB GIDIM kis8ssu ikkal[u] conjuration (for the case when) his neck hurts him because of seizure by a ghost AMT 47,3 r. iii 20; if a man's right and left temples kima DIB-bit UDUG zIma uzndsu isassdma pulsate like (those of one suffering from) a seizure by a ghost, and his ears ring AMT 14,5:6, cf. (in broken context) AMT 19,1:9; DIB UDUG KAR 178 r.ii 43 (hemer.); DIB-it LIL.LA.EN.NA Labat TDP 214:12ff. 3' other occs.: for lycanthropy, see kIma JCS 5 78 MAH 15916:6; x A.SA si-bi-it UKU.US ... alum iddinamma the city has given me a somebody else) CT 6 27b:14 (let.), see also GIS.BE = si-ib-ta-at re-di Silbenvokabular A 57, in lex. section; PN, the overseer of the Amurru, has (illegally) placed guardsmen on duty on A.SA si-bi-it PN2 naggrim ... sa pandnum PN3 PN2 ihbulu the field, the holding of PN2 , the carpenter, which PN3 some time ago took away from PN 2 TCL 7 36:5 (let.); A.SA.HI.A-ni si-bi-it-ni labiram Sa abbini zkulu UKU.US.MES ibtaqruniati the redt-officials claim from us our fields, our old holding, of which our forefathers (already) had the usufruct TCL 7 43:5, and passim in this let., also ibid. 40:12; a field si-bi-it kar Sippar NiG.SU PN UGULA.MAR.TU a holding in GN in the hands of PN, the overseer of the Amurru CT 8 7a:9 (Sippar). c) other occs.: ina A. SA si-bi-it PN uaahhisu (give a field of two bur in GN and four bur in GN 2 ) from the field holding of PN and his brothers (back to PN and his brothers and the balance of the field to the LU.GESTU.LA of GN3 ) TCL 7 28:4 (order of Hammurapi), cf. OECT 3 16:7; A.sA U GIS.SAR si-bi-it PN si-bit UR.BAR.RA AMT 61,1:12. 2. (agricultural) holding (in some kind of feudal tenure, mostly relating to Larsa, OB ana PN, L .NIM.MAki idna give the holding 164 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu B sibtu B of PN, field and garden, to the Elamite PN2 Wagenpferde F r. 11, also mala si-ib-te-ma ibid. H 7, D 4 and S 8 (MA); PN abia ina si-bit TCL 1 6:16, cf. (with these same PN-s identified as NiG.SU PN3 UGULA.MAR.TU) ibid. 5:5 and 16; si-bi-is-si-nu labiram kima me sa PN2 sabtuma lu sabtu they should hold their old to water PBS 1/2 77:10 (MB let.); (various cuts of meat) u si-bit UDU.NITA-4i (obscure) YOS 3 194:24 (NB let.). holding as they do (now) TCL 7 43:16', cf. LIH 76:6, also i.DAB5 SUMUN TCL 11 145:1 and 2; x eqlam ahiam sa eli si-ib-ti-ku-nu watru the special field of x extent, which exceeds 7. in idiomatic expressions sibit temi action, decision, sibittule (oath performed by) touching the breast (of the partner), sibit appi sneeze, instant, sibit qdte security, manipulation, manacles, sibit niggalli harvest a) sibit temi action, decision - 1' with ras : adi asapparakkunusimsi-bi-it te-mi risia be active until I send you word (again) VAS your holding Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 p. 31 No. 943 r. 3 (translit. only); assum tem kiri si-ib-ti- ka as to the report concerning the garden that is your holding TCL 18 87:32; x A.sA GIS.SAR si-bi-is-si sa ina GN sabtu iddima he has ab- andoned the x field (and) garden that he had as a holding in GN TCL 1 5:11; atir my father PN is entered (in the list) of PN2 among those who have a right note the 16 100:9; si-bi-it te-mi risi[ma] ana awdtim unique late occurrence referring to a country: [ultu] ume ruqiti si-bit KUR Assur since the far-off days of the taking over of the land of sa aspurakkum nidi ahim la taraSgi take action, do not be negligent with regard to the Assyria bi-it te-mi-im risma awelam apul take action orders I have sent you (sing.) TCL 17 31:17; si- VAS 1 71 left side 32 (Sar.), and see J. Lewy, HUCA 19 466. and pay the man! TCL 17 24:20, cf. si-bi-it te 4-mi-im risi TCL 1 35:16 (all OB letters); sibi-it te4-me-em risi ARM 2 122:20, but temka d) as a geographical name: vRv Sib-t c sa URU Ma-ak-ka-me-e OIP 2 53:40 (Senn.); ina URU Sib-te ABL 95 r. 5 and 7 (NA); URU Siib-ti 'a LI sakin mati AfO 16 p. 42 and pl. sabat ibid. 12, 6:16 (NB). 3. imprisonment: ina bubutu ina sib-ti-id la amatu may I not die of hunger in my im- 2' with isi: ana panijasi-bi- <it> te4-mi-im lu ti-su you should take action on my prisonment ABL 530 r. 12, cf. inabubdti NINDA. UI.A ina sib-ti-id amdtu ibid. 6; 7 sandte agd account sib-ti lemnu sabtdku for seven years I have been held in this grievous imprisonment 4. capacity (of a container): 6 GUR samnu (var. adds ana) si-bit kilalle six gur of oil is the capacity of both (horns of the bull) Gilg. CT 6 28b:29, cf. (verb broken) CT 29 13:30 3' other occ.: mase seri sitakkuri u la si-bit te4 -e-[me] (through) irresponsibility (lit. self-forgetfulness), drunkenness and inability 5. illegal seizure: elippasu ana si-ib-[tim] la i-sa-ab-ba-tu they must not seize his ship to act ABL 924:6 (NA), and see Schott, OLZ 1937 298. elippam tatarradima elippam isabbatu u idisa tamads dadi si-ib-tum ma-ad if you dispatch the boat they will seize the boat and you will have to pay its hire-(cases of) illegal seizure are (now) pay for the dates (all OB letters). VI 173, cf. sabdtu mng. 6b. PBS 7 122:11 (OB let.); VAS 16 8:16; si-bi-it te4-mi-im lu ti-Sa-a take action! ibid. 118:14; si-b[i-i]t te4-mi-im lu ti-'a-a TCL 17 16:22, si-bi-it te 4-mi-im [l]u ti-su(text -is) ibid. 3 (NB). illegally cf. bell si-bi-it te4-mi-im lirsi ibid. 30:17' and ibid. 7'; adi irSd si-bi-it t[e-m]i until she (Tiamat) has taken action En. el. III 127. b) sibit tule (oath performed by) touching the breast (of the partner): si-bit mdmit u si-bit to-li-ia Sa ru-u-a (var. ru-'u-a) itbdri frequent CT 29 18a:14 (let.). isbatu l qssu isd [lu] ina piZu usd ... libbi ilitika lippalra may your divine heart be 6. portion: samme ma-la si-ib-te turad- appeased (with respect to) the seizure caused dassunu ekkulu you add for them (the horses) by the curse and by (the oath sworn by) the one portion of grass, and they eat it Ebeling touching of my breast, which my good friend 165 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu C sibtu C did, whether he lifted his hand or pronounced the words KAR 228:7, var. from Sm. 1155, cf. ana IjUL si-bit tu-li-ia sa PN ina tu-li-ia5 DIB-an-ni against the evil caused by the touching of my breast when PN touched me on the breast ibid. 14f.; INIM.INIM.SU.IL.LA. KAM si(!)-bit UBUR ibid. r. 12; ade ina pan ilani tasakkanuni ina ... si-bit tule a-he-is tutammdni should you perform an oath by the gods taking the oath mutually by touching the breast Wiseman Treaties 155, cf. mamit si-bit tu-le-e Surpu III 98. c) sibit appi sneeze, instant: see Erimhus V, etc., in lex. section; inasi-bit appi izammur elila one instant man sings a joyous song (a moment later he moans as loudly as a professional mourner) Lambert BWL 40:41 AB.GUD.HI.A U Us.UDU.HI.A i-sa-ab-ba-tu4 who seizes the s.-tax on cattle and sheep and goats in these villages ibid. iii 32; MA GUD. u seni sa sarri u sakin mdti Namar la sa-ba-ti not to collect for the king or MES the governor of Namar the s.-tax on cattle and sheep and goats BBSt. No. 6 i 55; sibat alp si-bat se-en-ni mdkisu ana dlisu ana la erebi not to let the tax collector enter his city for the s.-tax on cattle and the s.-tax on sheep and goats BBSt. No. 8 p. 50:21f. b) in NA: ina muhhi si-ib-ti sa GUD.MES sa dEN dNabi u dNergal ,a LU NAM.MES i-sa-bat-u-ni concerning the s.-tax on cattle and sheep and goats belonging to the gods Bel, Nabf and Nergal, which the UDU.MES (Ludlul II). security, manipulation, d) sibit qdte manacles: ina erb girrisunu 60 UDU.HII.A si-bi-it qa-ti PN isabbat at the beginning of their (the debtors') journey, PN (the creditor) will seize sixty sheep as security MDP 22 124:8; ina hutne ma-'e-ri si-bit qdteja (I pierced his jaw) with the .... javelin which I myself held Streck Asb. 80 ix 105; [PN] Uru= kaja ina si-bit qdte ultu Uruk [...] [they brought PN] the native of Uruk, in manacles from Uruk her (the grantee of the property) from having the mayor enter these villages (to collect) the s.-tax on cattle and on sheep and goats MDP 10 pl. 11 i 20, cf. ,a dadni suniti MAK ABL 1106:6 (NB), cf. ina si-bit qdte ana pan Sar ASsur nisapparsu ABL 576 r. 3 (NB); see also qdtu usage e sub sabdtu mng. 8. e) sibit niggalli harvest (lit. handling of the sickles): ana si-bi4 -it ni-ga-lim x kaspam isaqqulu they will pay back x silver at harvest time BIN 4 208:8 and case 12 (OA), cf. ana sibi4 -it ni-ga-li tasaqqal KT Hahn 20:7 (OA). Ad mng. 1: Ungnad, Tell Halaf p. 59. Ad mng. 2: Thureau-Dangin, RA 21 5. Ad mng. 7c: Ungnad, ZA 31 268ff. Ad mng. 7e: J. Lewy, HUCA 17 p. 51 n. 226. governors are collecting let. referring ABL 464 r. 1 (NA to Babylonian affairs); 13 szse KUR Kusaja 3 KUR.MES si-ib-te KUR Kusaja naphar 16 KUR.MES sa mnri thirteen horses from Kusu (plus) three horses as tax from Kusu, all together 16 horses broken to the yoke (beside saddle horses) ABL 372:8, cf. [x] si-ib-tu sa KUR.MES KUR Kusaja (in identical context) ibid. r. 2, also 7 ANSE.KUR. RA si-ib-te sa KUR Kusaja (in similar context) ABL 601:13, also ABL 623:7; (referringto mules) [x ku-din si]-ib-te Kusaja ABL 376:8; [si]- bit GUD.MES-su-nU Us.UDU.HI.A-,~i-nu la i-sabbat he will not collect s.-tax from their cattle or their sheep and goats ADD 646:30, and see ibid. 647:30, also ARU 20:58 and 21:37; 30 ANSE. KUR.MES sib-ti Johns Doomsday Book 1 vii 2; naphar 104 alpe ana MAS ADD 754:5. c) in NA royal: si-bit alpe u sini la i-sabbat he must not collect the s.-tax on cattle or sheep and goats Unger Bel-Harran-beli- sibtu C s.; (a tax levied on domestic animals); MB, NA, NB; wr. syll. and MAS; stat. const. sibit and sibat; cf. sabatu. ussur 21; si-bit alpesunu senisunu ana dEN ... ukin sattisam I imposed upon them a s.-tax on cattle and sheep and goats (to be paid) annually to B1l (and the son of Bel) Lie Sar. 331, cf. [...] si-bit alpe u se[ni ... ] RA 30 II.A U 8 .UDU.JI.A ... aldni suniti MAS AB.GUD. hazannam ... ana aldni Suniti la er#e[bim] ... uzakksima with regard 54 B 17 (Sar.?); MAS.MES Sa ANSE.KUR.RA.MES to these villages, he (the king) has exempted istu KUR Gilzani amhur I received the s.-tax a) in kudurrus: 166 oi.uchicago.edu sibtu C sibutu A consisting of horses from the country of GAL sib-ti TCL 12 123:52, cf. ibid. 38 and 61 (all NB). GN MAOG 6/2 pl. 16:2' and p. 11f. (Asn. I). d) in NB: x MAS.GAL.MES ina sib-ti ana 35 GIN kaspi GCCI 1 192:1; naphar 9 vGD. MES sib-tu4 a a UD.9.KAM YOS 6 118:19; naphar x UDU.NITA sib-tu4 ina bit ure ina pan PN in all, nine sheep, as s.-tax, are in the pen at the disposal of PN Camb. 100:9, cf. the heading UDU.NITA sib-tu4 sa ... MU.1.KAM For the use of MAS instead of DIB, see dis- cussion sub sibtu B and C. sibtu D (or siptu) s.; (mng. unkn.); OA.* hursianum sa zi-ib/p-tim BIN 4 162:27, and dupl. OIP 27 55:17 (for context, see sibdratu usage b). RN ibid. 1; 3 GUD 3-4 ana sib-ti three threeyear-old bulls as s.-tax YOS 6 130:6; for sibtu see zibtu A. CT 22 80:19 see sibtu C in rab sibti. sibu see s~pu A s. and zipu. The use of the verb sabdtu with sibtu C is taken as a basis for assuming an etymological connection between the two, in spite of the use, in some MB, SB, and NA passages, of the logogram MAS, normally used for sibtu A, and the possibility of reading the stat. const. in BBSt. No. 8 either si-bat, as if of sibtu A, or si-bit. Nevertheless, the fact that all the refs. deal with the taxing of flocks makes a derivation from (w)asdbu possible, since the tax was levied on their increase. siburu see sibaru. sibutatu s. pl.; yield, product; SB*; cf. sabatu. bindt tdmtim nabali si-bu-ta-at KUR-si-nu nisirti sarriti the creatures of sea and land, the yield of their country, royal treasures 2R 67:63 (Tigl. III, coll. A. Sachs). sibutu A (sub'itu, sabutu) s.; 1. need, want, request, 2. purpose, 3. business activity, enterprise, 4. disposal, power of disposition; San Nicol6, Or. NS 18 306. sibtu C in rab sibti s.; official in charge of the sibtu-levy on cattle; NA, NB; wr. syll. and GAL.MAS; cf. sabdtu. annuri PN GAL.MAS sa GN ina pani belija illika now PN, the chief of the cattle levy of the country of Arpad, has gone to my lord (he is a great friend of mine, and my lord can well trust him with regard to the sheep) ABL 221:12 (NA); sipirtu sa LU GAL sib-ti anassa' anaddakka sa sib-ti sa biri ndrdte sa mamma ittika la idabbubu I shall fetch and hand over to you a letter of the official in charge of the levy so that nobody will bother you concerning the levy from the region between the canals CT 22 80:17, cf. LU GAL sib-tu4 ibid. 28 (NB let.); ina 101 (text: 91) UDU.NITA sattukki sa PN LU <GAL> sib-ti ina qdt PN 2 ispura 86 UDU.NITA.ME ina libbi mahir 15 ina pan PN 3 rehiu from the 101 sheep for the regular offering which PN, the official in charge of the cattle levy, has sent through PN2 , 86 of the sheep have been received (and) 15 are (still) outstanding with PN3 GCCI 2 68:2; 363 UDU.NITA [ina qt] LUV from OB on; subitu UET 4 109:6, and passim in LB, sabitu in OB, RS, Mari, NA, pl. sibdtu TCL 1 16:9, and passim in OB, NB, sibidtu UET 5 32:15 (OB), sibetu Sumer 14 74 No. 49:5 (OB Harmal); wr. syll. (si-wu-ti CT 29 8b:15, OB) and A.AS (AS etc.); cf. sebd. BRM 2 56:10, b [a]s As = si-bu-tz S II 339, also Idu II 251; [tiil] TI = ra-ds-u sd si-bu-ti A 11/3 Part 4 ii 11; a. s = si-bu-ti (in group with eristu, hisihtu and = ezeru) Erimhus I 196. hi-sih-tum = si-bu-tu Izbu Comm. 32. as 1. need, want, request - a) in gen. 1' in OB letters: kaspam subilimma ana si-bu-ti-k[i] lus'bilakki send me the silver, and then I will send you (goods) according to your request CT 29 15:24; se'am u'ati fPN lilq~ma ana si-bu-ti-sa liskun f PN may take this barley and use it according to her need TCL 1 52:20, cf. asar si-bu-ti-ni lipus Sumer 14 53 No. 27:11 (Harmal), tuppdtim mala si-bu- ti-ka alaqqiamma allakam CT 2 10a:9; [ana s]a aspurakkum nidi ahi la tarassima si-bu-ti lukskud do not neglect what I have written you to do, so that I may obtain what I want 167 oi.uchicago.edu sibftu A sibfitu A ilum nasir na[pisti] Jdpirija me flour sa si-bu-tim mahrija ibassi there is si-bu-tam aj [irsi] may the god who protects need for it here PBS 7 51:12; su-ha-ra-a-tum the life of my master have no demand (text -tim) arhis lillikanim ina si-ba-ti-si-na (unfulfilled)! A 3522:10 (let.), cf. CT 6 32b:7, amat let the girls come to me quickly, I am ilum ndsirki si-bu-tam aj irsi VAS 16 64:7, dying for need of them TCL 1 16:9; suhdrum ina si-ba-ti-ku(!)-nu i-qd(!)-ti the boy is perishand passim in OB letters. 2' in Mari, RS letters: ana si-bu-ti-ka ing for want of you VAS 16 38:8; send me one mimma ana serija Sitappa[ra]mma si-bu-ut-ka of your men si-bu-ut tasapparamana serika luttaddina[kkum] always send me word about lusabilassu si-bu-tum ina bitija amslma ul your needs, I certainly will give you what you aqblkum with him I will send you what you request ARM 5 6:19 and 21; atta ahija ana write me that you need-there is (also) muhhija ana meriltika u si-bu-ti-ka supra something needed in my house, but I forgot andku lu anaddinakku u andku ahija ana to mention it to you VAS 16 57:18 and 20; muhhika asappar meriltija u si-bu-ti-ia tanad summa ina dlim sa wasbata si-bu-ut kaspim tartasisupramma [k] sa mala hashdta lusdbi: dinmi my brother, send word to me about if you need any silver in the city lakkum your needs and requests, and I will give them are staying, write me, and I will where you to you, and I myself will send word to you, much as you need TCL 18 148:8, you as send my brother, and you will give me my needs PBS 7 115:21; and requests cf. Scheil Sipparp. 105:18, 20and 23, kum si-bu-tam isu CT 33 25a:9; MRS 6 18 RS 15.24+ :15 and 20, cf. mannume si-bu-te-ka ana muhhija [sa t]aSapparaanaddinakku [u a]tta si-bu-ti-ia lu tanaddina MRS 9 132 RS 17.116:25' and 27'. si-bu-ut q mim arassi when I leave, I will need flour YOS 2 14:10, sa-bu-ut huburndt ARM 4 60:14; si-bu-tum sa ana abija aspuram itti abija 1 SILA SE ul ubbal what nim 3' in NB: mind si-bu-ti sa belija belZ lispuru let my lord write me what my lord's needs are CT 22 184:23, cf. mind si-bu-ti u hisiht s a belini belu lispura TCL 9 114:15; I asked from my father will not cost my father even one sila of barley CT 29 20:20; mimma suquram sa si-bu-ti-ka Supramma write me whatever you need even if it be costly! PBS attunu ina si-bu-ut-ti-ku-nu la taqabba' umma and you must not say thus according to your 1/2 4:22; need BIN 1 40:8; gabbi Si-i-tu sa ana si-bu-ti- ka belu lutersu (my) lord, I shall return to si-bu-ut-tu4-ka sa akanna taqba' ila ki usalli when I prayed to the ina qdti altalim god according to your request that you uttered to me here, I quickly(?) got well YOS 3 90:4; mind ... ana si-bu-ti-ku-nu immera sa 1 GIN.AM kaspa ubbalu ... tunak: kasu why do you slaughter for your own needs sheep worth one shekel of silver? BIN 125:28; fPN mamma [ak]i si-ba-a-tu4 ina libbi tuessib fPN may install there (in the house) anybody according to (her) wishes TuM 2-3 3:7. 4' in SB: anndi si-bu-tu a hudu kabatti here he is! a request (whose fulfillment brings) happiness! (incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. ii 4. matima ana si-bu-ti-ia waqartim ul aspurakkum I have never before written to you concerning a need for (such) a precious him all the .... which you need CT 22 87:28, see Ebeling Neubab. Briefe p. 52; ana muhhi b) referring to a specific request, needed supplies - 1' in OB and Mari letters: send kima aqbud ina aldkija thing Sumer 14 73 No. 47:5 (Harmal), cf. si-bu- tam madis i-su-4 la takallam ibid. 20, si-butum ma-di-[ill TCL 1 38:13, also VAS 16 11:11, 53:16, si-bu-tum ma-di-is-si UET 5 24:8; send me two shekels of silver [sil-wu-ti la tu-siti-qd-an-ni I have need (for it), do not cause me to let (the term) expire CT 29 8b:15; umma s'ma eqlam ul eleqqe ina libbisu 2 bur eqlam si-bu-tam kullimannima lu[lqe] he said, "I will not take (this) field, show me in its stead a field of two bur that (satisfies my) needs and I will take (it)" OECT 3 60:13, cf. ibid. 17; u piqat si-bu-tum ibbassma istu ekallim isappariniand if by any chance there will be need (for the barley), they will send word from the palace TCL 18 110:29; 2 GIN kaspam usur ana si-bu-ti-ia keep two shekels of silver for my own use PBS 7 53:23. 168 oi.uchicago.edu sibutu A sibftu A 2' in NB (with sakanu): ki gidil ana si-buut PN la it-tas(!)-rka-nu] x gidil ina pan PN 2 if the strings (of garlic) will not be needed (and used) by PN, x strings are at the disposal of PN2 Nbk. 406:8; I wrote to my lord that my lord should send me five minas of silver ki ana si-bu-ti-ia altaknus ina MN kaspa ana belija lusebbila if I need and use it for my (purpose), let me send (the same amount of) silver (back) to my lord in the month of MN (if not, I will send it under its purpose, the king of Babylon will carry out his intentions Thompson Rep. 201:6 (NB); mini si-bu-us-su ana Elamti ana mini ana Elamti illik (the king should question him as to) what his purpose was (in going) to Elam, what he went to Elam for ABL 998:10 (NB). b) with epesu: anumma mar siprija an[nd] assum epesi sa-bu-ti-ia ... altaparSu now I have sent this messenger of mine to act as my agent MRS 6 13 RS 11.730:8; extispicy cf. ana muhhi mimma sa [ana] si-bu-ti-s sak- performed ana epe si-bu-tim to (determine the advisability of) undertaking an enterprise Bab. 2 258:2 (OB ext. report); ummdni ina harran illaku A.AS ippus my army will attain its objective on the campaign where it will go nu ana si-bu-ut-ti-ia rabiti KAR 426 r. 9 (SB ext.); ana epes AS ana zanan sakin nubatti la tabatu hantis kulda nubatti la tabdtu hantis hantis kuldam I have a very great need of it, do not wait until tomorrow, come quickly, do not wait until tomorrow, Same to carry out an enterprise, to (inquire original seal) CT 22 71:13; ana si-bu-ut-ti-ka slukun x suluppi iszma take and use for you(r purposes) the x dates! CT 22 87:17; GCCI 2 390:13, come here very quickly YOS 3 50:7 (NB let.), cf. kaspu ana si-bu-ut-ti-id Sakin ibid. 184:7, also CT 22 144:21, BIN 1 68:35, 77:13, and passim in NB letters, cf. also ana si-bu-t sa bzti sakin YOS 3 20:27, ana si-bu-t sa sarri saknu ABL 1215 r. 7, also ABL 281 r. 27. 3' in NA: various medicinal plants mal-la si-bu-te-ka [teleqqil you take as much as you need AMT 41,1:4. 2. purpose - a) in gen.: atta kaspam sa ana si-bu-tim la ireddd tusabilam you have sent me silver that is not fit for the purpose (send me "sealed" silver!) VAS 16 31:13, cf. x se'am damqam sa ana si-bu-tim ... ireddd ana PN idin give PN x good barley which is adequate for the purpose TCL 17 32:10, cf. also (referring to sheep) YOS 2 80:9; as this unraveled matting ana sipir si-bu-ti la illaku will not serve for the work intended Surpu V-VI 86, cf. ibid. 106; amelu se lu nesu lu habbatu AS-su usadddsu a lion or a robber will cause this man to drop what he intended to do CT 39 25 K.2898:15, cf. nade A.AA ibid. 41:9 (SB Alu); summa amelu ana A.AS-ss suqa ztiqma if a man is walking along the street on an errand AMT 65,4:21, see AfO 18 75, cf. CT 40 48:1 (SB Alu); idati sa ana si-bu-ti Ja sarri tabdti sar Akkadi Sipiru ikasSad (these are) signs which are favorable for the king's about) rain BBR No. 82:22; si-bu-ut-ka te- ep-pu-us you will carry out your enterprise KAR 413:9, cf. AS teppas Boissier Choix 127:1 ff. (SB ext.), and passim; summa ana epeS A.A teppus <Summa> mimma iddinuu AS-su ikas: sad la iddinusu ul ikassad if you perform (the divination) to (predict the success of) undertaking an enterprise, if they give him something (in his dream) he will succeed in his purpose, if they do not give him anything, he will not succeed STT 73:70; the day ana eps AS la natli is not propitious for carrying out an enterprise KAR 178 iii 41, and passim in hemer., see Landsberger Kult. Kalender 125, also DT sa(text a)-bu-ti KUB 4 44:4; tub libbi had libbi e-pe sa-bu-tu 3R 66 x 7 (takultu rit.); [sum]ma epes A.AS izimtaSu ikalsad if (the ritual is performed to determine the advisability of) undertaking an enterprise, he will attain his wish LKA 139 r. 12; teppusa si-bu- ti tustabarrd kal mii you (stars) perform your duty, you are at your watch all night KAR 58 r. 16; see also epesu mng. 2c (sibitu). c) with kasadu: sabam turdamma si-butam sdti luksudma itti sdbika sabam emuqdtim lutrudakkumma si-bu-ut-ka kusud send me troops so that I can achieve this objective, and then I will send you (back) with your troops (my) full contingent, (so that) you (too) may achieve your objective ARM 2 33:7 and 9, cf. adi si-bu-ti ina sdbi abija la aksudu ibid. 39:53; sa-bu-su-un ikasadd will they (the 169 oi.uchicago.edu sibutu A Assyrian sibutu A troops) reach their ippesu (you said) "Where is there a man who objective? PRT 14:10; ina harrantebaku si-[bu-t]i akah§ can take care of my affairs?"-here is a man Sad should I succeed in this enterprise who can take care of your affairs! Sumer 14 (or: journey) on which I am about to start 35 No. 15:15 (Harmal), cf. andku waradkasi-buSTT 73:74, cf. ibid. 75; rubl aar illaku ut belija kata epeam ele'i CT 2 48:29, si-bu-ut AS-su ikaMadu (so that) this prince attain his sdpirija [lu(?)1-pu-us TCL 17 34:17; anumma goal wherever he goes CT 34 8:7, see RA 21 128, suhadrja ana mimma si-bu-tim astapram x ui cf. NA.BI AS-su ul ikalad lumun libbi immar kaspam anni'am idisunsimma si-bu-ti li[pu]-su I am sending you the men in my employ for whatever business I have, give them this x silver so that they can do cf. the apodoses kalad (or la STT 73:122ff., also Summa ... As- CT 39 30:60, kcadd) AS su ikalladu ibid. 117; ana ka§ad As libbalu la na iu he has no interest in pursuing any activity KAR 26:10; business for me .arru si-bu-us-su ikahs UET 5 43:6 and 10, Sad the king will succeed in his enterprise Speleers Recueil 231:19. ABL 542 r. 15, cf. adi Sarru si-bu-[us-su] ikaSadu ABL 781 r. 13, si-bu-ut-ka kulud ana Urukki ibbi innamma b) in NB: ana si-bu-tu Sa sarri ana aldku note ildni ki usalli si-bu-ta-a aktalad when I prayed to the gods I succeeded in my at the request of the king UCP 9 275:11, cf. ibid. 15, see Ebeling, ZA 50 209, of. suluppi sim enterprise CT 22 194:8, cf. ina su-li-' sa ildni si-bu-ut-a akta§ad YOS 3 162:8. a) siditu lubis [ul unit ina sipri ana si-bu-t Sa Sarri ana alcku ana Uruk nadnusu BE 10 in OB - 1' in gen.: NAM.TAB.BA.S ana sa-butim KI PN PN 2 U PN 3 SU.BA.AN.TI.M[ES] PN 2 62:11, cf. also u su-bu-tica le'um s arri asar Sa arri temu isakkanu ana muhhika the mission of the king, whatever the king orders, is your and PN3 received (ten shekels of silver) from PN to (enter into) a partnership to do business Jean gumer et Akkad 188:3; please give me (military equipment and one mina of silver for provisions) to go to Uruk (to do service) ABL 451 r. 4, and passim in NB letters to the king; 3. business activity, enterprise - cf. PN supramma si-bu-ut-ka Sa taapparu lupus obligation UET 4 109:6 (LB). 4. disposal, power of disposition (NB only) - a) in gen.: x silver irbi ana si-bu-ti ana sa-bu- tim la takalld§u the barley is for (doing) business, do not withhold it (possibly to PN u 4 UGULA.ME coming from (temple) revenues are at the disposal of PN and the mng. 1) YOS 2 8:8 (let.); PN ana Babili illak si-bu-Is-si ina Nippuri qiblma la ikkal<la> four overseers UCP 9 p. 69 No. 54:1; isqeti PN is traveling to Babylon, he has business in suati ... ana kaspi ana rimutitu ana nudunnu Nippur, give orders that he should not be ana e-pes su-bu-4-ti ana mimma gabbi u mam detained PBS 13 58:8; kunukkl(!) ina amarika sanamma ... ul iddin ul inandin he has not la tuhharam si-ba-tu-ka lu hami, ku§danni given and will not give these prebends to anywhen you see my seal(ed letter), do not tarry, body else, neither for money, nor as a gift, nor arrive here even if you have many (lit. five) as dowry, nor to dispose of them, nor for any things to take care of! JCP 9 328 No. 3:16, cf. si-bi-a-tu-4-ka lu mada alkamma UET 5 32:15; eer si-bi-ti-ka idima ... humtam u other purpose BRM 1 98:12, cf. ana epes si-bu-ut ramannusu TCL 13 243:10, also, wr. AS Speleers Recueil 295:15, for other refs. in <ku> danni leave your multifarious (lit. ten) similar formulations, see epesu mng. 2c (sibitu and subutu); in legal context: kunuk mahzri sa ameluttu su'dtu ana si-bu-ti Sa fPN anasumu Sa PN2 [ka]-[nik] the sale document for this slave was sealed under power of disposition given by fPN (the seller) with PN, as fictional buyer (lit. buyer in name, see line 10, which states that PN2 did not pay business and arrive here quickly Sumer 14 76 No. 49:5 (OB Harmal), cf. si-ba-ti-ka idima annita e-pu-ul drop all your business and do this! UET 5 73:22; UDU.HI.A sa-bu-tum ul i-ba-a-i-i PBS obscure: ina Slim 7 127:25 (let.). 2' with epelu: ajiki'am awzlum Sa si-bu-ti ippefu iballi anniki'am awzlum Sa si-bu-ut-ka 170 the purchase price to fPN) Dar. 429:11; oi.uchicago.edu sidanu sibfitu A u'iltu Su'dti ana si-bu-tu4 elet this document should not be detained was drawn up under power of disposition only (it is invalid wherever it may be presented, lit. seen, see line 7, which says let.). that the silver was never given) BRM 1 80:8; u'iltu ana si-bu-ut-tu4 §a PN PN2 i-te-f'-ill PN 2 (the seller of two slaves) has assumed the obligation under power of disposition given by PN (who is not the buyer) VAS 4 43:11, cf. ana si-bu-tu4 ~a PN sataru sat-tar (with PN, elder brother of the seller, as the third person) Dar. 466:6, and similar (same persons) Dar. 467:7, also, wr. i-na AS BRM 2 56:10. b) with nasu - 1' ana nas sibuti: ana na-su-4 si-bu-tu4 sa fPN kunukku sa zeri ... ka-an-nak the document concerning the sale of the field was sealed upon the authorization of fPN (the wife of the buyer) VAS 6 157:9, cf. u'iltu ana <na>-se-e si-bu-tu sa PN e-le-et Dar. 531:7. 2' sibut PN nasul: 2-ta sanati a' 500 GUR 50 GUR SE.BAR si-bu-ti sa belija ki asu andku VAS 16 57:10 (OB sibitu A in bil sibfti s.; needed person; OB; cf. sebu. lu.al.as.a = bi-el si-Mu(error for -bu)-tim OB Lu B ii 52. Fawilum] bel si-bu-[timl dm issanqakkum la takallasu the man is someone I need, when he comes to you, do not detain him TCL 7 51:17 (OB let.). sibftu B s. fem.; 1. dyed fabric, 2. soaked mash (in brewing); lex.*; cf. sabd. tdg.a.gi 4 .a = si-bu-tum, si-ni-tum Hh. XIX 208 f. titab(BAR.MuNu4).a.sa(var. .sh) .a= si-bu-tum Hh. XXIII iii 28; munu 4 .a.sa.a = si-bu-tum ibid. iv 4. 1. dyed fabric: section. see Hh. XIX, in lex. 2. soaked mash: see Hh. XXIII, in lex. section. Ad mng. 1: For tuig.a.sa.a = si-ir-pu, see sirpu A lex. section. murraqiltu bita usallam during these (last) two years, whenever I acted under power of disposition for my lord (whether it was) for five hundred or for (only) fifty gur of barley, it was I who always cleared (my account) SB*; saddnu Practical Vocabulary Assur 1000; wr. syll. and NiG.NIGIN (Labat TDP 22:36); completely with the temple CT 22 154:7, cf. cf. sddu A. si-bu-ta-ni ittasi ni-gin LAGAB = si-[da]-nu A I/2:58; ni-gi-in LAGAB = si-da-nu Ea I 32q; ni-gin NIGIN = si-da-nu A I/2:136; ni-gi-in NIGIN = si-da-nu Ea I 47t; nigi-in U+vJD+KID = si-da-nu A 111/3:214; sa.ad. nigin = si-da-nu (in group with sakbanu and sa.nigin = rapadu) Erimhu I 267; [x.x].a, [(x). nig]in, sa.nigin (and four more broken equivalences) = si-da-nu Nabnitu O 249ff.; [...] = sa-danu (followed by samdnu, sagiqqu) Practical Vocabulary Assur 1000. 8sg.~g an.ki.bi.ta im.dugud.ginx(GIM) sag.nigin gar.ra.[a.mes] : ina same u erseti kima imbari izannunu si-da-nu is[akkanu] they were raining down (disease) everywhere (lit. in heaven and on earth) like a drizzle, causing (people to have) vertigo Surpu VII 15f.; sag.du.ze.ir igi.nigin.na : asustum qaqqadi si-da-nu CT 4 3:19 (Sum. only), for Akk. see Falkenstein Haupttypen 95:19f. he acts under power of disposition for us YOS 3 11:22; kasp sa sala u'ilti ana PN nadnu ... 2 MA.NA ... usebilassimma ina dNabu itmassi ki si-bu-ta-a arkiti ina kaspi isi as to the silver which was given without document to PN, I sent to her (a third person) two minas and he declared under oath to her that "I did not use my power of disposition as collateral(?)" BRM 1 89:6, cf. (obscure) PN anasi-bu-tu Sa fPN pitu nasu Nbn. 619:9, and dupl. Nbn. 375:10; as'sa si-bu-tu attasu ana ajdlija u kitrija lizziz as soon as I request it, let him be ready to be my ally and help ABL 1286 r. 1. sibiftu A in awil sibiti s.; needed person; OB; cf. sebd. awilum sa aspurakkum a-wi-il si-bu-tim la ikkallam the man I am sending to you is someone I need (lit. a needed person), he 171 Oppenheim Beer p. 50 n. 78. sidanu (saddnu) s.; vertigo (as a disease); himitu dimitu simmat seri si-da-nu sassatu miqit timi paralysis, dizziness(?), poisoning of the flesh, vertigo, arthritis, insanity KAR 184 obv.(!) 29, and dupl. Schollmeyer No. 29:8; oi.uchicago.edu siditu **sidare attach to it. For siddu u birtu the Sum. equivalences all point to a mng. "foreigners, worthless persons." UD.30.KAM ana dAdad lisken kardna la isatti ina nari si-da-nu la isabbassu on the 30th day (of the month) let him prostrate himself before Adad, he must not drink any wine, (then) vertigo will not come upon him (Lambert BWL 286f.) siditu (while he is) on the river Bab. 4 106:39 (hemer.), with dupl. (omitting ina nari) 10629 r. i 32 (unpub.); ir.i Ju[mma ha'attu] ihitaksu if he either got vertigo or fainted Labat TDP 22:36. Note as the name of a demon: dSi-i-da-na EA 357:49 NINDA.KASKAL.[LA] = si-di-[tum], a-ka-al har-[ranim] Proto-Diri 374f.; [zid. .... ], [...], [...] = qi-me si-di-tum Hh. XXIII v 4-6. (Nergal and Ereskigal). Landsberger apud Falkenstein Haupttypcn 95 n. 9. a) in OB: aldkam epsam u ina panika sa 1 GiN KU.BABBAR [sil-di-tim liqia make the **sidare (Bezold Glossar 236a) see isu mng. 2a, and ddr mng. 2b. journey here, also take half a shekel's worth of travel provisions with you TCL 1 38:10 (let.), of. ibid. 45:23; aGSum si-di-it UD.15.KAM sdpir la-qi-a-am iqbiam si-di-it UD.15(text: with reference to the 14).KAM algiam fortnight's travel provisions, my commander siddu (sindu) s.; mob, riffraff (only in the phrase siddu u birtu); OB lex., SB. ld.nu.u kdr.bar.bar = si-id-du-um z bi-irturn "no-man," stranger = mob OBGT XII If.; umbin = si-in-du, bir.bir.ri = bi-ir-td, kur = nakru, kur.ra = ahc Erimhus VI 195ff.; bar = si-in-du, bar.bar.ri = bi-ir-td, ur = nakru, ur. Erimhus II 132ff.; bar = zi-du = ur.ri = ah (Hitt.) pa-ra-a-kan pa-a-u-ar to go out (taking siddu as sztu), bar.r[i] = bi-ir-du = (Hitt.) ne-wala-an-ta-as a-s[a ... ] (obscure) Erimhus Bogh. B lu.ab.ta.kur 4 .ra = si-in-du bir-tum, i 6'ff.; umbin.bir.bir.ri = MIN EME.GAL, bar.bar.ri = PAP+E pa-aP.NIRni-ir t ag. g a EME.SUKUD.DA, MIN SMIN EME.SUH.A, NINni-in-dGAB.ma, ordered me to fetch (them), (so) I fetched a fortnight's travel provisions (from the depot) TCL 18 visions (to the enemy) Sumer 14 21 No. 4:38 b) in Mari: si-di-tam isimmdnam istu GN you should provision (your troops) ARM 1 35:20; si-di-tam sa ITI.1.KAM sdbam sumhir let the troops get provisions teleqqi nisi dsib gerbisu anasi-in-di u bir-te(var. -ti) There are no grounds for the previously proposed translation of siddu u birtu as "fetters." The spellings in the OB and Bogh. refs. indicate an original form siddu, of which sindu must be a later dissimilation, which vitiates the supposed connection between siddu and simdu, from samdu, "to harness." Birtu, q. v., is not a variant of biritu, "fetters," and this meaning does not summan alum ana (Harmal let.). na.ri. into slavery Borger Esarh. 15 Ep. 9c 10, cf. mare Babili sa ana resuti siluku ana si-in-di u bir-te zu'uzu ibid. 26:31; ana si-in-di u bir-ti uza'izu mimma'a they divided my possessions among foreign riffraff Lambert BWL 34:99 (Ludlul I). 128:16ff. (let.); sibutisu la na(text nu)-zu-Az si-di-su-ma-an uhtalliq should the city not grant him what he needs, it would cause him to lose his pro- KU = MIN EME.TE.NA ZA 9 163:10ff. (group voc.). zu'uzuilliku res'itu its (Babylon's) inhabitants, distributed among the foreign riffraff, went viaticum, travel provisions, from OB on; pl. siddti YOS 3 19:38, 73:7 and 20, sideti BIN 1 13:16 (allNB), sididti ABL 579:5 (NA); wr. syll. and NINDA. KASKAL; cf. Suddd. summa NIG.NIGIN K. s.; provisions; in GN for one month ARM 1 39 r. 9', cf. si-di-it UD.15.KAM ibid. 43:7; si-di-it UD.10.KAM Sa adi Qat[dnim] ikassadu liddinusuniilim let them give them (the caravan) provisions for ten days, until they can reach GN ARM 1 66 r. 4'; si-di-tam mali irrisika apulsunuti deliver as many provisions to them (the envoys) as they ask you for ibid. 17:44; sdbum ... ana bitdtisu ana si-di-ti-Ju ku-[un]nim wussir the troops have been released to go home to prepare their provisions 8:9, cf. assum si-di-ti-Ju-nu u ARM 2 si-di-it sabim ARM 1 60:11. c) in MB: PN sa apuraklcku akla u sikara ana p1 amzilsu idin u NINDA.KASKAL-8t sa adi leta epug give PN, whom I sent to you, some 172 oi.uchicago.edu siditu siditu bread and beer according to (the number of) his men and make up his travel provisions 7, etc. (NB); si-di-it girrijaul aspuk I did not (sufficient for him) to reach me BE 17 84:17 (let.), cf. ibid. 38:19; si-di-ti-ia bell lispuramma campaign Borger Esarh. 44:65; qarditi ... (even) stock up travel provisions for my sa(!) Nippur si-di-ti qema u Gu(text: GA). GAL.ME s lipuuma it' ahika lullik let my lord send word concerning my travel provisions, and let the people of Nippur make up travel provisions (consisting of) flour and chick-peas so that I can go to your brother PBS 1/2 70:9 and 11 (let.); 2 (BAN) SE.BAR ... kurummat PN ... adi 4 (BAN) si-di-ti-Ju two seahs of barley, the rations of PN, together with four seahs as his travel provisions RA 18 167 r. 24. PBS 2/2 141:7 (econ.), and passim, cf. (flour) sidi-su PN iddin BE 15 168:30 and 33, also si- di-tum GN ibid. 154:45, NINDA.KASKAL PN 2 KASKAL for travel provisions for PN for two trips PBS 2/2 143:13, cf. ibid. 21, and passim, wr. NINDA.KASKAL, in MB. d) in Bogh.: Samsi summa ina mdti sant ... ina qereb elippati usarkibsunutima si-di-tu addin(copy: RU)-[su-nu]-ti se'im u tibna ana mitr nisql us~el ittisun I made the warriors embark in boats and gave them travel provisions, I loaded barley and straw for the steeds with them OIP 2 74:68 (Senn.); muhri Sa tamkari qannaSu u si-di-«si>-su take (addressing Lamastu) from the merchant his horn (filled with oil) and his travel provisions! allak RN 100 simdi sise 1 lim sbe GIR. g) in NA: 6 sab sa ku e si-di-a-te ana halsu usedlni usabbitu they have caught six soldiers who were bringing up .... to the fortress ABL 579:5. provisions h) in NB: kurummatu ina libbi jfnu alla si-di-is-su-nu sa ittisunu inassina there are no rations in (the fortress) but their (the soldiers') travel provisions which (soldiers) usually carry with them ABL 774:8; 7 GUR itlanandin ... NINDA.KASKAL-u-nu sa ileqqi adi ana mahar Samsi ikassadinim qgme ina si-di-tu4 Ja qipi ittasi seven gur NINDA.KASKAL-sU-n Samsi tattanandinsuniiti of flour which the qipu-officials took from the if I, the Sun (i.e., Muwatalli), go against travel provisions BIN 1 95:5; alla 6 sabe another country, Sunassura will regularly la si-di-ti ul taddinu you gave me only six give 100 teams of horses and 1,000 foot men without (even) travel provisions TCL 9 109:8 (let.), cf. YOS 3 156:19, and passim; note soldiers, as for their travel provisions, which they will take (for the time) until they reach the writing si-i-ti-su etir Camb. 13:13; 1 MA. the Sun, you, 0 Sun, will always pay them NA KU.BABBAR 2 GUR SE.BAR idi u [sil-di-tum their travel provisions KBo 1 5 iv 23f. (treaty). [gam]-ri Sa 3 sabe sarri Sa ana [al-[l]a-ku ana nmlak Sa[rri] one mina of silver and two gur e) in Nuzi: 2 ahija si-ti-ta ilteqilma u of barley, three king's soldiers' full pay and ittatlaku ... si-ti-ta usteribu u ittasu 1 ahja travel provisions for going on a royal expeI.A Sa sa si-ti-ta useribu LU.KUR.MES iddiiku two of my brothers took travel provisions and set off, they brought the provisions in(to the prison where another brother was detained) and got away, but the enemy killed one of my brothers who had taken in the provisions AASOR 16 No. 8:7 and 11 (let.); 5 (BAN) SE-tu.MES ana si-ti-ti ... ana amel nadin five seahs of barley, given as travel provisions to the men HSS 13 221:61 (econ.), cf. ibid. 234:21. dition 2-3 PBS 2/1 183:1; 114:1, cf. ibid. 7, also TuM idl si-di-it lubus u unitu ibbi innanndsimma please give us (our) pay, travel provisions, clothing (allowance) and equipment PBS 2/1 54:4, cf. ibid. 194:11, BE 10 62:10; si-di-tum Sa 3-ta sandti Dar. 253:9; sirki Sa ana panlja tasappara si-di-tum ittisunu jdnu the oblates you are sending to me do not have any provisions with them YOS 3 69:7 (let.); U 1 MA.NA KU.BABBAR ana f) in SB: sappl hurdsi sa ana si-di-ti ill golden bowls to (hold) the provisions of the si-di-tum ana sibitu Sa Sarri ana aldku ana Uruk ibbi innamma (see sibiitu A mng. 3b) gods RAcc. 62:20, cf. ibid. 63:36, and note si-di-it ili Oppert-M6nant Doc. jur. p. 301:5, UCP 9 275:11 and 15, see Ebeling, ZA 50 203ff., and passim in LB in ref. to feudal soldiers, see 173 oi.uchicago.edu *sidu sihhiritu note the isamu simdat sarrim TCL 7 56:7 (OB let.). Note late ref. to offerings called sidit ilani: isiq TUR.TUR (referring to staples other than cereals) ARM 9 223 i 3, ii 2 and iii 4, see Birot, ARMT 9 295 § 80d, and Bottero, JESHO 4 135 n. 3. Cardascia Archives des Murais p. 40; erib-bit uti u si-di-it ilani Strassmaier AV p. 873 No. 7204 (Sel.). For the possibility that Zi.KASKAL represents a logogram for siditu, see the discussion sub isimmanu, and note the additional 2. scraps, small items: see Hg., Ea, in lex. section. sa ZI.KASKAL.MES ana GN reference: PN ... Ad mng. 1: q. v. ubliini PN, who carried travel provisions to GN KAV 119:6 (MA). Kraus Edikt 156. *sidu s.; ingot (lit. melted-down object); NB*; pl. sidanu; cf. sadu B. 3 MA.NA [...] elat 8 GIN 2 [...] sihhiru (sahharu) adj.; riksu ina tu-ur-tu-ur TUR.TUR = si-ih-hi-rum, sdi-ha-ru-u4, du-q-qi-um (for var. si-ih-ru-tum, see sihru adj. lex. section) Proto-Diri 71a-c; duk.sika.tur.ra = [is-hi-il]-su = has-bu sa-ah-ha-ru Hg. A II 112 in MSL 7 112. [....SAR] = zi-bu-u, [... SAR] = si-ih-hi-ru Hh. XVII 281f. a mina of [...], in addition to (a former delivery of) eight shekels (and) two [...], (being) a bundle (of scrap metal) for PN, the smith, to (be made into) ingots Strassmaier, Actes du 8e Congres International No. 15:5. For sihhirutu (sahharutu) and [nig.sa.sa.h]a SAR = si-hi-ir-tb[ , [nig.sa.sa. h]a SAR, [tab.t]ab sAR, [tab.ba.h]a SAR = tabru-u RA 17 150 K.5974:8'ff. (= Uruanna II 523), restored from Hh. XVII 265ff., see suhirtu. na 4 .nig.TUR.TUR = MIN (= a-ban) si-ih-hir-ti = [...] stone (for weighing) scraps(?) Hg. B IV 96; ha-lu-ub-ba GAX HA.LU.UB = bu-si si-ih-hi-ir-td property (consisting) of minor valuables Ea IV 290. EBUR GiD.DA = ha-ar-pu, EBUR gd irruba = sihir-tu 2R 47 K.4387 iii 25f. (comm.); qi-um(var. -c) = si-hir-tu [...] STC 2 63:9 (comm. to dAsari ... banl e'am (var. se'im) u qe-e En. el. VII 2). 1. minor crop: [mdk]isu [s]a [bilatl [eqlim se'am sa]massammi u si-ih-hi-ir-tam [S]a nd'i biltim x [x] rabi LU muskenim redim bd'i[rim] u ilkim ahm Sa Bd[bil]i u nawiu immakkusu the crop distributor, to whom is distributed the yield of the field(s), (namely) the barley and sesame and the minor crop of the tenant farmer, of the .... sihhiru (sahharu), plural forms to sihru, see sihhirutu; for the substantive sahharu, see s. v. sihhirtu s.; 1. minor crop, 2. scraps, small items; OB, SB; cf. seheru. ul immakkus small, broken up; lex.*; cf. seheru. pani PN nappdhi ana si-da-nu one-third of ... replaced in LB by sahharu A, , of the citizen, of the soldier, of the fisherman, and of the holder of any special ilku-field in Babylon or its environs-it shall not be (so) distributed (to him) Kraus Edikt 36 iv 36; x silver SU.TI.A PN ana si-ih-hi-ir-timsdmim received by PN in order to buy up the minor crop TCL 10 56:7 (OB econ.), cf. alsum 1 (BUR) GAN A.Si-lim sa PN sa A.GAR si-ih-hi-ir-tim ... sa PN 2 sihhirutu (sahharutu,fem. sihhirdtu, sihhi retu) adj. pl.; 1. small, young, 2. servants, retainers; from OB on; stative sihhiru/a; wr. syll. and TUR.TUR (TUR.TUR.LA MDP 28 438:11); cf. seheru. [tu-ur-tu-ur] TUR.TUR = si-ih-hi-ru-t[um] Diri I ..- ^.^ = si-ih-hi-ru-ti, [da]qqa: 258; za-az-na T TUR.ZA.TUIR.ZA qti, duqquqiti, suharc, suhadrtum Diri I 304ff.; tur.ra= ni-ip-lu si-hi-ru-tum Hh. gis.ITUR.TUR III 272. i.bi.te.en tur.ra musen nu.[e.de] : ina itanisa si-ih-hi-ru-tim [issuru ul ussi] no bird gets SBH away from its (the net's) close meshes p. 106:72f.; un.TUR.TUR.zu un.gal.gal.zu TUR. TUR : ni-su-ka si-hi-ru-tu ni-su-ka ra-bu-ti si-ih-hiru-tu-ka (obscure) SBH p. 110:14ff.; TUR.TUR.bi gis.ma su.su i(var. in).na gal.gal.bi EBUR su.s u (var. su.su) i(var. in).na : si-ih-hi-ru-tu-sG ina elippi tebitim nilu rab-bu-tu-su ina eburi sal-luma nilu its small ones lie in a sunken boat, its large ones .... lie in the crop (obscure) 4R 30 No. 2 r. 10ff., var. from dupl. SBH p. 67:21ff., cf. SBH p. 108:31f.; udug.hul.gal TUR.TUR.1a ku 6 . ginx(IM) a.ba.an.sh : MIN sa si-ih-hi-ru-ti kima niini ina me isahhalu (parallel: gal.gal.e : rab-butim) the evil utuklcu-demon, who pierces the small ones like fish in the water CT 17 36: 15 f. and dupls., see Falkenstein Haupttypen p. 84:29ff.; a. gi 6 .a in.gin a.gi 6 .a gal.gal.la TUR.TUR.1a a.gi.a a.gi 6 .a.bi : ag si-ih-hi-ru-tiag&illak agu rab-bu-ti 174 oi.uchicago.edu sihhiruitu sihhirfitu marte hadima martasu iddan u hadima tirta ana mithar utar if the grandsons are younger than ten years (of age), the girl's father may, if he please, give his daughter (to one of them), or, if he please, he may return an amount corresponding (in value to the gifts) aguu (obscure) CT 17 21 ii 109f., of. TUR.TUR.la. ba : si-ih-hi-ru-tu-Sd LKU 10 i 18f.; amar.TUR. TUR.la.ginx(GIM) : kima watmi i-ih-hi-ru-tim like small chicks ZA 45 14 i 46, PBS 1/2 122 r. 3f., see TUR.TUR.la KI.E.NE.DI sila [x] ra 9A [...] : si-ihhi-ru-tc aSar melul[t]u ina siqi u ina suli [... ] SBH p. 122 r. 14f., cf., with var. si-ih-ru-tu S. A. Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts p. 24:24f. sa-as-ha-ru, ah-ru-i-tum, sa-as-ha-ar-tum, si-issi-ru, da-qa-qi-ta,du-qa-qu-4, si-hi-ru-tum, d-ha-ru-u = .i-ih-hi-ru-tu CT 18 15 r. ii 17ff., and dupl. (= Explicit Malku I 241-248). KAV 1 vi 32 (Ass. Code § 43); summa ina libbi ummatim sulmi ... eli manidtim si-ih-hi-ru if the bubbles in the mass (of oil) are smaller than their (usual) size CT 3 4:52 (OB oil omen); atanatum jattdn ... gattam si-ih-hi-ra my she-donkeys are small in size ARM 1 132:21. 1. small, young - a) in adjectival use (small, young): rumma esmetum §a [s]ingas garetim si-ih-hi-re-tum (var. siggagaritimsi-hire-turn) §a imittim pullula if the small bones c) in substantival use (children): bitam inassaru u si-ih-hi-ru-tim urabbi they (the widow and her second husband) look after the of the .... (for singaguritu see hamurZtu) YOS 10 47:69, var. from dupl. ibid. 48:6 (OB ext.); amutum §a at the right are perforated house and rear the children ARM 1 132:48; tem PN PN2 PN3 u s[i-i]h-hi-re-ti-[i]m sa ina naqdr all sa-ha-ru-ti liver (model showing signs predicting) the destruction of small bitim ezibu supram send me news of PN, PN2 , PN3 and the little girls whom I left at towns RA 35 61 pl. 9 No. 18 a 3 (Mari liver model) ; 46 IGI.ME home TCL 17 19:18 (OB let.), cf. 2 SAL si-ihhi-re-ti VAS 16 56 r. 14 (OB let.); toy boats si- si-hi-ra-tu 46 small "eye stones" AfO 18 304 ii 15 (MA inventory); 100 GADA hi-ru-ti Sa iSaddadu which children pull lubaru sIG si-ih-hi-ru-ti one hundred small, EA 14 ii 18. fine linen garments EA 14 iii 21 (let. from Egypt), cf. [2 m]dkaltu ... [u 2] si-ih-hi-ru- tur k[ ]dflunuma two bowls and two small ones like them ibid. 51, cf. EA 22 iv 2; [...] si-ih-hi-[rul(or -[ral)-ti EA 13:21, also si-ihhi-re-tim (in broken context) ARM 2 15:50; more mur nisqi si-ih-hi-ru-ti ilitti matifu rapa ti §a ana kisir §arrutiu urabbi young foals of steeds native to his (the king's) broad country, which they raise for his royal regiment TCL 3 171 (Sar.); suhdr u pa-§i-ir ahheb u TUR.TUR-ti qdta mithar (the adopted son) PN shares equally with his younger brothers KAJ 1:23 (MA). b) in predicative use (small, young): Summa almattum a mariaa si-ih-hi-ru ana bitim Aanim erebim paniSa i takan if a widow whose children are under age intends to go (to live) in another household (i.e., to remarry) CH § 177:24; itu a) in OB: awild awile sunuti attardakkum ... suhdresunu wussersunusim the gardeners of Sippar have spoken to me about their servants who ran away and have been caught, I am now sending these men to you, release their servants to them VAS 16 32:8 (let.), cf. si-ih- ana philu mar PN si-hi-ru-tim [...] PBS 7 45:9 (OB let.); the eldest son takes twothirds PN itu 2. servants, retainers - nukaribbi mar Sippar assum si-ih-hi-ru-tisu-nu sa ihliqma issabtu iqbinimma ... si-ih-hi-re-nu-ma igteniA nirb from the time when we were small and grew up together YOS 2 15:7 (OB let.); Summa ana qdt 10 MU.ME§ mdrmdre si-ih-i-ruabu Sa hi-ru-tu wardika la i-mu-tum don't let your slaves, the servants, die TCL 17 34:23 (let.); GUD.HI.A. a simti ekallim u si-ih-hi-ru-tim ... amram find me plow oxen which are suitable for palace (service) and personnel Sumer 14 14 No. 1:12 (Harmal), also ibid. line 23; iStu MN assum si-ih-hi-ru-ti-ia itaplusim unahhidka UD.4.KAM adi inannatm sipratimmala ipusu u A.SA samassammz sa ipusu ul taspuran I gave you instructions back in MN about keeping an eye on my personnel, (but from) the fourth day (of that month) until the present you have not sent me any report on what jobs they have done or on the sesame field which they have tilled AJSL 29 187 obv.(!) 2 (let.); ana si-ih-hi-ru-ut bitim nasdrim la 175 oi.uchicago.edu sihhiruitu sihhu teggi don't be negligent about looking after di to TUR.TUR in the comm. the personnel of the house A 3520:16 (let.); cited sihru lex. section, the gloss ti-il to se'um ana kurummat si-ih-hi-ru-tim barley as rations for the personnel (and bran to feed TUR.TUR (Akk. equivalent broken) EA 351 iii 10' (App. to Ea VII 155), and the phonetic spellings in Sum., e.g., di-di-li, etc., Sjoberg Mondgott p. 19. the plow oxen) ibid. r.(!) 7, cf. GUD.HI.A ut si-ih-hi-ru-ti-ia TCL 1 34:24, also CT 2 11:12, PBS 7 61 r. 29, TCL 17 60:24; 10 TUR.TUR. sihhu (or zihhu, also dihu) s.; (a type of scar or ulceration); OB, SB; sihhu in OB, dihu in SB, pl. sihhu. MES ... linnagruma ten persons should be hired VAS 16 179:30 (let.); 7 DIM.MES tatru damma ina libbi 3 DiM si-ih-hi-ru-tum you sent me seven house builders, but among them there are three young house builders UET 5 26:29 (let.); note: LA PN (and) PN2 , two PN PN 2 2 TUR.TUR. young men (added with 7 ERIN.KASKAL to make up 9 ERIN lines 8 and 12) MDP 28 438:11, also Legrain TRU [SAL s]i-ih-hire-tum servant girls (referring to personnel, 378:4, and passim in Ur III; wr. SAL.TUR) ARM 9 24 r. iii 32, and passim in such lists. b) in MB: PN si-ih-hi-ru-ti c zikimanndsi ki nilliku ana PN 2 niqtabi PN2 ana sarri ki U TUR.TUR.MES Sa PN 2 Supurma limissiruni when PN took the servant boys away from us, we, after we had gone, spoke to PN 2, (then) when PN2 had spoken to the king, the king ordered PN3 as follows, "Send a message and send word that they should release PN 2's dealers and servant boys" 4, 18 and 24. gis.tukul.e kur sahar.ta in(var. im).da.ab. sar ze.eh.ha A.sig.e nu.tuku (replacing the older version PES A.sig.ka nu.ub.tuku 4 ) : kakku ina ad? ina epir ubtallilmaasakku si-ih-huul isi the (Sarur) mace has become strewn (lit. mixed) with dust in the mountain (while fighting) the asakkudemon, but it has (received) no scar(?) Lugale V 27. si-ih-hu = ez-zu, uz-zu, mar-tu Malku I 73-73af. a) in extispicy - 1' wr. sihhu (only OB or literal copies from OB tablets) - a' location - 1" with nadil: MAS ina rs ubanim zi-ih-hu na-di if a s. lies on the upper part of the "finger" YOS 10 33 iv 57, also (with ina mat ubanim) ibid. 55, EGIR [ U.SI] ha-<si> MURU(!) zi-hu-um nadi ibid. 39:37, DIS ina muhhi GIS.TUKUL imitti zi-ih-hu-um nadi ibid. 46 iv 38, cf. (referring to padanu "path") YOS 10 18:51, etc., also (to tullmu spleen) YOS 10 41:53; note summa martum si-ih-hu- iqbi sarru PN3 tema iltakan umma supurma LU.DAM.GAR.MES RA 13 137 r. 3 um itaddu if the gall bladder is dotted with s. YOS 10 31 v 26. BE 17 55:5ff. (let.), cf. ibid. 2, 2" with sakanu: Summa ina res naplastim c) in MA: [1] ana sa-ha-ra-te one (sheep zi-ih-hu-um sakin if a s. is placed on the upper part of the "flap" RA 44 31 AO 9066:54, AfO 10 32 r. 32, cf. (referring to the left "doorjamb" of the issued) for the servant girls 33 No. 50:32. bab ekallim) YOS 10 24:14. d) in NA: assahir ana si-hir-u-ti [ana sa]plitiassipili I became as lowly as servants, as humble as the humblest lit.), see Lambert, RA 53 130. STT 65:15 (NA 3" other occs.: DIS ina muhhi danani zi-hu RA 38 81:33, also YOS 10 45:38; [... el]enum zi-ih-hi-im rakib [...] rides on top of the s. YOS 10 25 r. 58. correspond in bil. texts to Sum. TUR.TUR, or are written TUR.TUR; for the simple plural b' features - 1" color: zi-ih-hu nadima u tarik there is a s. and it is dark YOS 10 25:22, (followed by u pesi and it is white) ibid. 23, (u psiiam tukkup and it is spotted with white spots) ibid. 24; zi-ih-hu-um srmum nadi YOS 10 46 iv 41; zi-hu suB-ma t SA5 sihrtu see sihru adj. mng. lc-3'. The reading KAR 454:17 (copy from OB). Sihhiru (in the stative) and sihhirutu (used as adj. and substantive) are used as the plural of sihru, often beside the similarly formed plural rabbutu of rabu, and they of TUR.TUR. I is didila, as is shown by Proto- Diri 73 cited suharu lex. section, the gloss di- 2" texture: summa ... zi-hu nadma me la usesi if there is a s. but it does not exude a 176 oi.uchicago.edu sihhu sihhu side of the libbu) like stars YOS 10 42 i 50; DIS martum kima zi-ih-hi-im puhhurat if the gall bladder is as puckered as a s. YOS 10 28:8; sirum kima nidi zi-hi-im na-x-si the flesh (at the upper part of the "gate of the palace") is liquid RA 27 149:21; zi-hu-um nadima msiu sal[mu] there is a s. and its liquid is black YOS 10 16:2; zi-hu nadima nurrub DI isu there is a s. and it is soft, it has a sulmu Bab. 2 259:17 (MB), also zi-ih-hu nurrubu nadi RA 44 13 VAT 4102:16 (translit. only); .... ina KA. E.GAL zi-hu-um russuk a s. is dry at the "gate 2' wr. dihu (or DI-hu) (SB only) - of the palace" YOS 10 22:18, also 18:52; zi-hu si-ru-us ibid. 22:23. 3" other characteristics: cation a' lo- 1" with nadd: summa ina maskan DI di-hu guB-di if a s. lies in the emplacement of the sulmu TCL 6 3:43, cf. summa ubanu [DIS ina K]A.E. GAL zi-ih-hu ~irubma qaqqarsu akil if a s. is encroaching upon the "gate of the palace" but its (own) location is destroyed (lit. eaten) YOS 10 25:17; DIS ina KA.E.GAL zi-hu sabitma u dan if a s. in the "gate of the palace" is well defined (lit. held) and hard YOS 10 22:21, DIS ina KA.E.GAL zi-hU lu-uh-hu-ma elenum u saplanum si-ra-ra (read si-ra-am(!)?) ikul if a s. in the "gate of the palace" is "dirty" and has eaten up the flesh(?) above and below it ibid. 19, cf. ibid. 24, like a s.-mark YOS 10 24:38. halqatma ina mas-kdn-sa di-hu SuB-di if the "finger" is missing and there is a s. in its place Boissier Choix 60 K.6752:1, etc. 2" with aramu: summa res amuti di-hi(var. -hu) a-rim if the top part of the liver is covered with s.-s TCL 6 1 r. 47, var. from Rm. 153:3, also summa di-hi res ES arim TCL 6 1 r. 47, also (said of the bab ekalli) Boissier DA 217:13f., (of the top of the gall bladder) TCL 6 2:49f., also zi-hu lu-uh-[hu x] u cf. di-hu sIG7 dr-mu CT 20 7 K.3999:22. iSqallal the s. is "dirty" and hangs down 3" with mald: summa amitu di-hi DIR-at zi-ih-hu-um TCL 6 1 r. 4, also, with di-hi BABBAR.MES ibid. r. 7, (with SAg.MES red) ibid. r. 8, (with green) ibid. r. 9. SI G.MES 7 ibid. 25; MAS ina KA.E.GAL [nad]ma mu[h]haSu [s]u-uk-ku-us if a s. lies in the "gate of the palace" and its top is diseased(?) YOS 10 26 iv 24; [DIS ina lib]bi KA.E.GAL zi-hu pa-a-am [... ]-an YOS 10 27:1; [... ] padanim zi-hu-um sutebruma ana EGIR b' features - tirdni di-hu SIG7 nasraptim inat[tal] if a s. has persevered [...] the "path" and faces the back of the "crucible" YOS 10 18:54; summa naplastum zi-ih-hi i-lu-la-at if the flap is "bound" with s.-s YOS 10 16:1, cf. DIS [p]adanumzi-ih-hi-i hu-ul-lu-ul YOS 1018:55, and summa martum mali'atmazi-ih-hi hu-ul-lu-la-at YOS 10 31 x 17; martum ... zi-ih-ha-am raksat the gall bladder is "bound" with a s. YOS 10 8:8; [summa ... ] zi-ih-hu nadima ina libbisu x[...] RA 44 12f. VAT 4102:17 (translit. only). 1" color: ssumma ina ekal if a green s. lies in the "palace of the intestines" Boissier Choix 87 K.8272:1, also (with MI black) ibid. 2, cf. also di-hu SIG7 (referring to the padanu) CT 20 3 K.3671:3, and passim, di-hu nadima sam SUB-di TCL 6 2 r. 6, see also usage a-2'a'-3". 2" texture: summa ME.NI (i.e., bdb ekalli) di-hu a-rim-ma ru-us-suk if the "gate of the palace" is covered with a s. and it is dry Boissier DA 217:14, also TCL 6 2:51, etc.; sum: ma ina imitti marti di-hu vuB-di-ma nu-ur-rubu(var. -ub) if there is a s at the right of the gall bladder and it is soft (and wet) TCL 6 2 zi-hu 2 3 nadi YOS 10 18:53, r. 10, etc., note di-hi nu-ilr-ru-bu-ti TCL 6 1 r. cf. zi-ih-hu gina nadd YOS 10 26 i 38, zi-hu 3 6, also Boissier DA 217:3, etc., KAR 153 r.(!) 10, saknu YOS 10 18:50. cf. di-hu nu-ilr-ru-ub SUB-di 5" atypical: DIS ES imittasa ana zi-ih-hi daqqitim kima nambasi isaddad if the right side of the liver stretches(?) like a .... summa ina bab ekalli di-hu nadima dunnun if there is a s. in the "gate of the palace" towards the small s.-s RA 27 149:24. 3" other characteristics: summa martu ana di-hu(var. -hi) GUR-dr if the (entire) gall bladder turns into a s. TCL 6 2 r. 19; 4" number: and itisvery hard Boissier DA 217:4. c' in comparisons: zi-hu sina kima kakkab naddl two s.-s are placed (on the right 12 CT 20 2 r. 9; 177 oi.uchicago.edu sihhu sihhu summa martu mesa semretma ina libbisa di-hu SUB-di if the bile in the gall bladder is clogged up and a s. lies in it CT 30 15 K.3841:23; Summa martu di-hu ul-lu-lat TCL 6 2:52, also, wr. di-hi.MEs (said of Su.sI HAR MURTU) KAR 153 r.(!) 16; di-hu nadima LA-al (- iJqallal, see usage a-1'b'-3") Boissier DA 217:9; summa ina libbi ME.NI di-hu nadima su-lul if a s. lies in the center of the "gate of the palace" and is covered Boissier DA 217:6, cf. di-hu temir u sullul the s. is buried and covered CT 20 32:67; if on the middle "finger" of the lung di-hu duqququmma mnsu nurrubu ina Seri temer (see duqququ adj.) KAR 153 r.(!) 11, also gumma ina libbi ME.NI di-hu su-uh-hu-ru nadi if a small s. lies within the "gate of the palace" Boissier DA 217:12; Summa ina imitti marti di-hu nadima me marti [ana] di-hi [me di-hi] ana marti ustanad danu (var. ustaddanu) if a s. lies at the right of the gall bladder, and the bile communicates with the liquid of the s. and the liquid of the s. with the bile TCL 6 2 r. 12, restorations and var. from CT 28 44 r. 7, cf. di-hu SUB-ma A.MES(!)-a SUM.MES CT 28 44 r. 15; summa martu ana di-hu siR-ur if the gall bladder is shape of a s. TCL 6 1:43, and ibid. 2 r. 15, cf., wr. di-hi CT 28 44 r. 12. d' in glosses: di-hu // zunnu - s. (means) rainfall CT 20 41 r. 13; di-hu //ri-ih-su - s. (means) devastation by rain CT 20 42:23, and note di-hu MI / rihsu dannu ibid. 24; di-hu nar-bu : hud libbi zanan same a soft s. (means) joy (also) rain CT 20 40:24; obscure: summa di-hu (or DI Hu) NA ittul if the s.(?) faces the manzdzu (with explanation) ri-bu di-hu GAL-4 du-ru A rat-bu ra-bu-u na-pa-su sd ma-'-di-e (du-ru A= rat-bu "wet" cited from Ea I 3) Boissier DA 11:15. b) in OB Izbu: DIS izbum ina muhhisu [zil-ih-hu-um Jakin if on the skull of the newborn animal there is a s. YOS 10 56 i 18. c) in lit.: see Lugale, in lex. section. The correspondence between OB sihhu and SB dihu was pointed out by Nougayrol in RA 44 31 and is confirmed by a number of parallel formulations. The replacement is unique and cannot be explained as a phonetic development. It is also unlikely that di-hu (di-hi) is to be taken as a logogram (but note di-hi.MEs in KAR 153:16) of the type di: linked to a s. ibid. r. 16; summa amitu di-hi biru/dibiri, GU.DU/GU.DI, maldtma i-ru-bu if the liver is full of s.-s and they penetrate(?) TCL 6 1 r. 5; di-hu nadima term be related to the disease di'u. It should furthermore be noted that the nature of the initial sibilant remains uncertain; neither the OB spellings with the sign sI nor the Lugale ref. solves the problem. The etymology for UZU.SA5 panesu armu u innattal there is a s. and it is covered with red flesh but (still) can be seen TCL 6 3:45; di-hu ina libbi di-hu nor should the one s. is within an(other) s. Boissier DA 217:8, also TCL 6 2 r. 17, CT 28 44 r. 14, and cf. di-hu nadimadi-hi UGU di-hisakin ibid. r. 10; summa dihu proposed in AHw. sub dahi II, "stolen, ina imitti marti di-hu nadima ina libbisu BABBAR GIM ajarti SUB.MES if a s. lies on the right side of the gall bladder and in it something white like a shell is drawn CT 28 to be read sa(!)-hu-tu, "dirty," and the pas- 44 r. 13. 4" number: di-hu 2 SUB.MES Boissier DA 217:10. c' in comparisons: summa martu kima di-hu puhhurat TCL 6 2 r. 20, also GIM dihi NIGIN CT 30 20 Rm.273+: 10, also GIM di-hi ip-hur ibid. 49 S. 986+ r. 3; Jumma ina imitti amti Usru kima sikin di-hu nasih if the flesh on the right side of the liver is torn out in the 178 driicken(?)," cannot be accepted because the KAV 108:5 reference cited AHw. sub dahu I is sages cited ibid. sub dahu II refer to tehi, q.v., as do those sub dehd and dehutu. The term denotes a surface scarification on the intestinal tissue, normally depressed (see the use of the verbs nadd, temeru, sullulu), but also separated though loosely connected with it (ullulu, Suqallulu, nasdhu, rakdsu, sabdtu). The mark varies in its coloring (black, red, etc.) and texture (dannu, dunnunu "hard," lu'u "dirty," surrusu "proliferating," nurbu "soft," ratbu "wet") and is very often said to contain a liquid (mil). The characteristic exudation of the sihhu oi.uchicago.edu sihru sihirtu deformation determines by association the nature of the predictions derived from it; the apodoses very frequently contain references to rain (zunnu, samitu), inundation (milu) and devastating floods (rihsu). The passages from outside the extispicy texts are difficult. The Izbu ref. could denote a rare deformation of the head of the animal, but the Lugale, where z6.eh. ha appears as an Akk. loan word in Sumerian (replacing Schott, ZA 47 114; (von Soden, Christian Festschrift 104). earlier PES), remains difficult. The expla- tu'urTUR = sa-ah-rum, gi = MIN EME.SAL Antagal G 275f.; tu-ur TUR = si-ih-[ru], la-'-[u], se-ir-[ru] Sa Voc. V 11'-13', cf. tu-ur TUR = [si-i]h-ru Idu I iv B 8; ld.tur = la-'-u, si-ih-ru Igituh short version 281f.; LU.munus.tur = si-hir-tu ibid. 282a; tu-ur TU = ge-er-rum, la-'-u, si-ih-rum, la-ku-u A VII/4:66ff.; tu-ur-tu-ur TUR.TUR = siProto-Diri ih-ru-tum, da-aq-qi-tum, en-su-tum 71-73; ba-an-da TUR.DA = si-ih-rum Proto-Diri 437; ban.da = si-ih-ru Igituh I 265; ld.bhn.da = si-i[h-ru-um] OB Lu A 369; ses.ban.da = MIN (= a-hu) sa-ah-ruHh. I 110; [ba-an]-da TUR.DA = a ser-ru, si-ih-ru, la-'-u, la-ku-u Diri I 279-282, cf. S = Voc. V 19'-21'; dam.ban.da = se-[e']-i-tum DAM si-hir-tum Hg. I 9 in MSL 5 44; gi-en-na TUR + DIS = la-Hu-um, si-ih-rum Proto-Diri 439f.; gi-na TUR+DIS = gi-nu-c, sir-rum, si-i[h-ru]m,la-['-u], l[aku-i] A VI/1:111-115; TUR+DIS = si-ih-ru (var. sa-ah-ri) Erimhus V 154; [i-bi-la] TUR.DIS = a[p-lu], TUR-[rum] A VI/1:103; i-dim BAD = TUR-rum A II/3 Part 5 iii 21; hi-en-zer SI.DIM = e-er-rum, si-ihrum, la-'-u, la-ku-u Diri II 163-166; hi-[en-z]e-ru AI.DIM = si-ih-ru-um, la-HA-HU-um, s-ha-ru-um Proto-Diri 116-118; [bi]-il GIS.BfL = pi-ir-HUum, si-ih-ru-[um] Proto-Diri 155f.; bu-un-gu US.GA = ser-ri, si-ih-ru, [la]-t'1-[u], [la]-ku-u Diri IV 156-159; mu-us-sa SAL.US.SA = e-mu si-ih-rum Diri IV 163, also Proto-Diri 350, etc., see emu. sihretu see sihru adj. sihru OAkk. on; wr. syll. and TUR, TUR.RA (SAL. TUR in mng. 4); cf. seheru. nation in Malku shows that the meaning of sihhu was forgotten, and it is possible that the term there refers to a different word. Klauber, PRT p. xlv f.; Nougayrol, RA 44 31. sihirtu see sihru adj. sihiru see sihru adj. and sihru A. sihi adv.; laughingly; SB*; cf. sahu. [...].gal SAG.KAL [x x g]i.na tag.tag. ga [x x (x) ha.r]a.ab.bi.na.a: AN ilik marmahuti si-hi-i qit-rad-ma le-'-um-ma liqbIka be .... laughingly for the task of the pasiu-priest,so that they will say of you, "He is a wise man!" Lambert BWL 252 K.7674+ r. ii 17; [...].zui.NE.NE.ra.bi igi.du s gu 4 . ud dAsar.ri.kex(KID) qaq-qa-ri si-hi-is u : [il sa-m]a-me il-[n]a-ta-lu dMarduk qardu the gods of heaven and earth with (happy) laughter look at Marduk, the brave 4R 20 No. 1:34f. (early NB royal). sihittu (sahittu) s.; desire; NA.* sarru beli si-hi-it-tu-su ikassad the king, my lord, will attain his desire ABL 629 r. 3, cf. si-hi-ti (in broken context) ABL 1454:19; tuppu sa-hi-it-ti S a arru [... ] ana sarribelija laspura I will send to the king, my lord, the tablet desired by the king ABL 1173 r. 7. The context in ABL 629 suggests that sihittu is a variant, possibly to be reconstructed as *sihimtu or *sihintu, of sirimtu, q.v. The existence of such a form may be supported by the fragmentary vocabulary passage [si(?)-hi-i]m-tum (Sum. equivalent broken) Nabnitu B 288, which occurs in a group with [x]-ha-mu, most probably to be restored as [sa]-ha-mu. 12* (sihiru, sahru, fem. sihirtu, sahirtu, sahartu, sihretu) adj.; 1. small, young, second in rank, 2. child, 3. servant, 4. sihirtu girl, 5. few (only in EA letters and RS); from gis.na 5 .tur = (pi-it-nu) sa-ah-ru Hh. IV 61, cf. (referring to various implements) ibid. 211 and 237, Hh. XVI E iv 2, and passim in Hh.; [gi .ban. tur.r]a = MIN (= su-i-tu) sa-hir-ti (var. sa-ha[r-tu]) Hh. VIIA 234, cf. (referring to parsiktu) ibid. 222; gis.bansur.tur = (passcru)si-ih-ru Hh. IV 190, gis.ig.tur = (daltu) si-hir-tu cf. Hh. X 152; Hh. V 201, cf. (referring to various implements) Hh. VI 165, Hh. X 41, and passim in Hh.; [gi. bugin].gu.la = ra-bu-u, [gi.bugin].nig.tur = sa-ah-ru Hh. IX 215f.; gi.nig.tur.[tur] = GI KI.LAM.tur.ra = MIN si-ih-ru Hh. VIII 95a; (= ma-hi-ru) sa-ah-ri (var. si-ih-ru) Hh. II 131, var. from Ai. II iii 19'; [i-gi]-es-gal $ = ma-an sa-ah-ru Ea I 358; na 4..gin = MIN (= a-ban) si-ih-ri [MA.NA] = [Iul-lul-ti siq-lim] Hg. B IV 97; [i-gi-es-gal-m]a-na-min j -=si-in ma-an sa-ah-ru(var. -ri) Ea I 362; u .na.me.kam = td-mu si-ihrum ZA 9 160:33 (group voc.); da.ri = na-ju-i id 179 oi.uchicago.edu sihru la sihru LU.TUR, MIN sd al-mat-ti to support the child, the widow Nabnitu K 144f.; kas.a = se-li-bu fox, Antagal C 71f.; [(x)].KAS4 = MIN sd LI.TUR tur.gaba = [su-u] = LU.TUR d UBUR, TUR.SAL. gaba = [su-tum] = TUR.SAL sd UBUR Hg. I 9 in MSL 5 44, restored from tur.gaba = su-u = saah-ru sd UBUR RA 17 191:6 (comm.). su.si(sic!) tur a.gub.bu.a.ni.ta u.me.ni. gar : ina d-ba-ni-s4' si-hir-ti ina u-me-li-sd ju-kunma place (a ring) on the little finger of his left (hand) ASKT pp. 90-91:52; nar.tur sa (var. sir) zu.ba nam.ma.ra.ab.e.en(var. omits): [n]a-a-ra si-ih-ra mu-di-e pit-ni la tu-se-is-sa-a do not drive out the young singer skilled on stringed instruments S. A. Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts 24:28 f., var. from VAS 2 79:23; dEn.lil gurus.tur.bi na.nam dNin.lil ki.sikil tur.bi <na.nam> : dEnlil e-ti-il-su sih-ru-um-ma dNinlil ar-da-as-su si-hi-ir-tum-ma Enlil is its (Nippur's) young master, Ninlil is its young servant girl JRAS 1919 190: 10f.; gasan.mu u 4 .tur.ra.a.ni.ta lul.as hul.a ag. 1A.a.ni : belts ultu um si-ih-re-ku ma'dis sal-pd-ti samdaku 0 my lady, ever since the time when I was little, I have been very much tied down by affliction ASKT p. 116:17f.; TUR.TUR.1a ki.e.n e. di.ta nam.ma.ra.ab.e.de.en : si-ih-ru-tu a-sar mi-lul-ti la tu-se-is-sa-a do not drive out the young people from the place of rejoicing (for var., see sihhirutu) S. A. Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts 24:24f.; dam ur.sag.[ga.kex(KID)1 dumu ban.da.e dumu.ni mu.un.sub : alti qarradu mdrtum sihi-ir-tum marasu iddi the hero's wife lost (from her womb) the little girl, her child SBH p. 131:60f.; dumu ban.da a.a.mu mu.<ni.ib.bi>:mar-tum si-hir-tum a-bi-mi <iqabbi> the little girl says, "My father!" 4R 28* No. 4:54f.; tur.e al.e mah.e.e al.e : si-ih-ru immahhi ra-bu-u immahhi 4R 28* No. 4:58f., also LKU 14 ii 25f.; mu.gi(var. gig). bi al.ba.ba.an(var. omits) fall.ba.ba.[an] : si-ih-ri u ra-ba-a anassah aackkan I (Istar) snatch away (and) install (both) small and great SBH p. 155 add. to No. 56:6f., var. from ibid. p. 109:87f.; uru.kalam.ma.kex im.mi.in.ses.ses.ne il. sig.ga gab.im.ma.[an.ra.(ah).e.ne] : ina ali u o&ati usadmamu si-hir ra-bi d-sd-as-pa-[du] they were raising wails in town and country, making young and old beat their breasts urpu VII 11 f., cf. [sig].kala.ga : si-hi-ir r[a-bi] Lambert BWL 228 ii 44. a-hu-ru-u, a-ga-as-gu-u, li-gi-mu-u, u-bul-ti inb[i], [lal-[ku]-u, [da-aq]-qu, x-a-gu-u = si-ih-ru Malku I 140-146; la-'-u, la-ku-u, daq-qu = si-ih-ru LTBA 2 2:294-296; ma-rum = TUR-[rum] Izbu Comm. V 272a; [s]i-ih-re-tum = si-hi-ir-tum CT 18 15 K.206 r. ii 28 (= Explicit Malku I 252). TURdidiTUR // rab-bu // TUR.TUR // si-ih-ri RA 13 137 r. 3 (SB comm.). s.-d[h-ru], si-[sl-ru], la-a-4, hur-rum = s[i-i]hrum Explicit Malku I 224-227 (from CT 18 7:1ff. and dupl.); [ma]-iu, la-ku-u, a-PA-du, ra-ku-bu, ba-es-su, szd-ha-ru = MIN ibid. 228-233, vars. ma-tu, sul-u, si-4, ba-bu ibid. 228a-231a; ha-ia-ni = MIN su same in Subarian ibid. 234; qa-al-lu, qa-al-mu, di-ir-ku, su-bu-ul-ti in-bi, zi-iz-nu = MIN ibid. 235-239; zi-il-la-nu = MIN MA same in the language of Makan ibid. 240. 1. small, young, second in rank - a) small (said of objects): x kaspam ezib riksim sa-ahri-im Sa ikribisu nisniqma we examined (in fact) x silver, apart from a small batch, being his votive offering TCL 20 171:6 (OA); if the newborn animal has a normal head [i] sandm si-ih-ru-um ina sumelim sakin but there is another, small (head) at the left YOS 10 56 iii 22 (OB Izbu); summa martum isissa [sil-hi-ir if the base of the gall bladder is small YOS 10 31 xii 21, cf. ibid. 42 i 21 (OB ext.); summa samnum sulm sina iddima isten ra-bi isten si-hi-ir if the oil makes two bubbles, and one is big and the other is small CT 5 6:50, cf., wr. si-hi-ir ibid. 4:4 and dupl. YOS 10 57:7 (OB oil omens), cf. qabld TUR-ir the middle one is small (parallel: GAL-bi) CT 20 43 i 38 (SB ext.); kalit sumeli sa TUR-u-ni aktanak ana sarri belija ussebila I am sending to the king, my lord, under seal, the left kidney which was (so) small (in order that the scholars may see it) ABL 975 r. 12 (NA); 4 GIS.IG GU.LA 6 GIS.IG TUR.RA sa GIS.MI.RI.ZA four large doors and six small doors, (made) of slats TCL 11 174:4 (OB); [1 N]A 4 kukkubu nassa sumsu [u] 1 si-ih-rum k[i s]dauma one stone kukkubu-vessel, called a nasa (in Egyptian), and one smaller one like it EA 14 iii 48, and passim in lists from EA; 9 NA 4 .BABBAR. DIL GAL.MES ina libbi 5 TUR.MES PBS 2/2 105:31, and passim in MB; 3 SIG 4 .HI.A sa-hi-ritim ... appalisma I discovered three small bricks VAB 4 76 iii 13 (Nbk.); sdmtu TUR-ti small carnelians (beside samtu kabbarti) BIN 1 124:1 (NB); ina si-hir-ti ittadin ina rabiti imdahar he sold with a small (measure) but purchased with a large (measure) Surpu II 37, cf. mamit ina suti TUR-ti nadanu ina sAti 180 GAL-i leqe ibid. VIII 64, cf. 66, cf. also GIS. BAN GAL GIS.BAN TUR (heading of list) PBS 2/2 12:16, cf. KAJ 107:1 and 226:8, cf. also ina uban asli TuR-ti according to the small finger of the aslu-cubit Boissier DA 12 i 29 (SB ext.); 2 oi.uchicago.edu sihru la sihru 1c kdsate ina kasi TUR-te two cupfuls (measured) 2 439 No. 821a:3, for astronomical texts cf. Neugebauer ACT 2 index p. 494 s. v. tur; summa alittu sepesa TUR.MES if a woman who has with the small cup KAR 220 i 16, see Ebeling Parfumrez. p. 28; mahiru TUR.RA ina mati ibassi there will be a low exchange rate in the country CT 39 16:50 (SB Alu); given birth before has small feet (this means: she is pregnant and will carry the child full bell mar Nippuri [i-qa-al-a babka u ki sulman sa[ah-ri] ubilka enza my lord, a citizen of Nippur is waiting at your door, and he has brought you a goat as a small gift STT 38:29 (Poor Man of Nippur); matu TUR anamdti GAL ana butallut[i illak] (the inhabitants of) a little country will migrate to a big country term) Labat TDP 210:99, and passim in physiogn., Izbu; for tahtmu TUR (as against tahumu GAL) KAV 2 iv 20, see tahumu. Note: 6 UD. 20.KAM GAL.MES ... 6-ma UD.20.KAM TUR. MES six great "twentieth days," similarly six small "twentieth days" to keep themselves alive CT 39 16:48f. (SB Alu), also ibid. 5:56; sahluqti ali sa-ah-ru-ti devastation of small towns RA 35 66 No. 28:2 (Mari liver model), cf. nakar all si-ih-ru-tim YOS 10 47:47 (OB ext.); amelitu sa KUR Lukki satta lattama ina matija UR[U s]i-ih-ra i-li-qi the men of GN capture a small town in my country every year EA 38:11, cf. ina URU GN si-ih-ri SMN 2630:5 (Nuzi); GN rabu GN TUR (var. si-ih-ru) Great Sidon, Little Sidon OIP 2 29 ii 41 (Senn.); 75 alaniSu dannuti bit durni sa Kaldi u 420 URU.MES TUR.ME sa limetisunu alme acksud I conquered, after a siege, 75 of his fortified cities, fortresses of GN, together with 420 small towns in their surroundings OIP 2 25 i 37 (Senn.), and passim in Senn., rarely in Esarh. and Asb.; kuppa luh: timma nadrti sa-har-a-ti (var. TUR.MES) ul ubbala me nuhsi I will obstruct the source so that the small canals will not carry fructifying water Gossmann Era IV 122; summa eqlu maad la inakkis summa si-he-ir la uradda if the field is larger (than specified), he must not cut it down (in size), if it is smaller, he must not add (to it) JEN 212:15, cf. summa eqlu GAL la inakkis summa eqlu TUR la uradda HSS 9 KAR 151 r. 64. b) small, young (said of animals): emdram sa-ah-ra-am ana szmim dina[ma] sell (him) a small donkey JSOR 11 120 No. 15:15 (OA let.); pagutaGAL-tu paguta TUR-tu sebultu Sa GN ... amhur I received (as tribute) a large monkey and a little monkey, brought from GN KAH 2 84:48 (Adn. II), also AKA 373 iii 87 (Asn.); atmu si-ih-ru atar hasisa an exceedingly wise little chick Bab. 12 pl. 1:37, and passim in Etana; kima lillidi sahk si-ih-ru Sa ina muhhi sin= nistisu eii like a young boar which has mounted its mate Sah apim (wr. 195:1 (OB let.); ZA 43 18:70 (SB lit.), cf. VAS 7 SAH.GIS.GI) TUR.RA kalit kalmi TUR a adina sammu la ilemmu the kidney of a little lamb which has not yet eaten grass AMT 85,1 ii 7; PN sa kZma mirdni sa-ah-ri qereb ekallija irbd PN, who had grown up in my palace like a little puppy OIP 2 57:13, 54:54 (Senn.); sen BABBAR.MES U MI.MES GAL-ti U TUR-ti sheep and goats (both) white (= sheep) and black (= goats), cattle large and small BE 9 1:6 sukluluti TUR. (NB), and passim in NB; 2 GUD MES mar satti two young, ungelded bulls, yearlings TUR ... BRM 1 91:22 (NB), cf. GUD.AMAR AB TUR UCP 9 p. 60 No. 11:lf. (NB). sarku ina muhhi c) young, second in rank (said of persons) tal'ite ibassi ammar SAG.DU sU.SI si-hi-ir-te - 1' in gen.: kima x ahuka sa-ah-ru-um there is as much blood on the bandage as (you u-ni-u-ka that your younger brother cheats could get on) the tip of (your) little finger you Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes ABL 392 r. 8 (NA), cf. ubdn dEN.LiL si-hir-ti 27:38, cf. ana ahika sa-ah-ri-imsa kindtimma 97:20 (Nuzi), and passim; CT 38 38:64, and passim referring to the little finger; uban hasi TUR the small "finger" of the lung (parallel: ubdn hasi GAL-ti) 428:9, 11, etc.; sa alla ... KAR aturruma KTS 15:32 (OA); TUR-ir-ma TA ... [LAL] subtract from (a number the amount) which is less than (a number) Neugebauer ACT summa ... ana mariu si-ih-ri-im assatam la huz if he did not provide a wife for his youngest son CH § 166:55, of. ana ahisunu si-ih-ri-im ibid. 65; sarru sa mdti nakirti ina baldtiu maru GAL-a itarradmaTUR ina kussi ussab the king of a 181 oi.uchicago.edu sihru lc sihru 2a foreign country having exiled his eldest son, a younger (son) will sit on the throne during ahija TUR ana sesgalluti ... his (the king's) lifetime TCL 6 4 r. 2, cf. ibid. 32 (SB ext.); uncertain: [Su]mma ummum tardinnu) to be a lesgallu-priest Streck Asb. 250:17; sa ahhija rabuti ahSunu si-ih-ru rabitumi-ta-ri-ik aplum rabum kussam isabbat summa si-hi-ir-tum i-ta-ri-ik aplum si-ih-ruum kussam isabbat if the larger ummu (on andku the gall bladder) is .... the young kings, Asb. and Samassumukin) ABL 870 r. 2; mali sittin a-hi si-ih-ri-im (text , the elder son and heir will ascend the throne, if the smaller (ummu) is .... , (then) the younger son and heir will ascend the throne YOS 10 31 ii 8 and 10 (OB ext.); ina maresu rihdte istu muhhi mare rabe adi muhhi mare si-ih-ri sa 10 MU. MES-su-ni ana sa hadiuni iddan he (the father whose engaged son has died) may give (the betrothed girl) to whichever he pleases of his remaining sons, from the oldest to the youngest son, who is (at least) ten years old KAV 1 vi 25 (Ass. Code § 43); mdru si-ih-ru ussaq the youngest son apportions the lots (and the elder brother chooses one share) KAV 2 ii 10 (Ass. Code B § 1), cf. kime DUMU- su TUR-ri HSS 13298:16; PN mdrsusa-ah-ri ... ina kussi sarritiusimma PN, his younger son, ascended the throne VAB 4 276 iv 38 (Nbn.); PN ... ina hud libbisu fPN2 u fPN 3 DUMU.SAL-U sa-hir-tum mdrtu 3 MU.MES ... ana PN4 ana simi haris iddin PN has, of his own free will, sold fPN 2 and fPN 3, her little daughter aged three, to PN4 for the exact(?) price Nbk. 100:3,cf.Dar. 355:2, cf. also madr sa-har-u-tu YOS 6 154:8 (NB leg.); mdrea sa(!)-har-ru-tulu urabbi I will raise my small children Camb. 273:7; PN u PN2 mrsu sa-hir ana mdritu ... iknuk PN u PN2 madrtu (wr. tardinnuti he gave PN and adoptive parent) OLZ 1904 39:3 (NB, translit. only); Sibi ina takkanni tustamit arddti sahar-a-ti (var. TUR.MES) ina ursisina tustamit BAN.DA Syria 28 175:6 (RS), cf. 2 DUMU.MESia PN GAL U PN, TUR Syria 18 246 RS 8.145:15; I was the youngest of my elder corrupt) MCT p. 99 Q 9, cf. HA.LA SES TUR TMB No. (followed by SES.GAL and SES.Uv) 602:5 and 6, cf., wr. SES BAN.DA Sifr 5:7. Jean Tell 2' referring to rulers who are the second of their name: Kurigalzu si-ih-ru Kurigalzu the Second CT 34 38 i 16 and 18; Kuras sar Anzan arassusa-ah-ri Cyrus, king of Anzan, his (Astyages') subject, the second (of his name) VAB 4 220 i 29 (Nbn.). 3' referring to apprentices, persons of second rank, etc.: LU.SID sa E.LU.MU si-ih-ri RN ugdallibsu RN consecrated the apprentice scribe of the kitchen ABL 43 r. 6 (NA); PN DUB.SAR TUR PN, the apprentice scribe YOR 5/3 pl. 2 viii 443, RA 28 94 viii 4, cf., wr. TUR.RA CT 40 49:2 (colophon); LU.US.KU TUR- ru SBHp. 12 r. 20, also, wr. LU.SU TUR RAcc. p. 9 r. 16, and see RA 16 p. 133 n. 22; PN LU. BAPPIR dNabi sa-ah-ri Labat TDP 16:87 (colophon), and passim in LB, see RA 44 136ff.; LU. SAMAN (text: DUGUD).LA TUR KAR 115 r. 8; note PN TUR ... PN GAL HSS 10 150:8 (OAkk.); the tablet of PN u PN2 sa(!)-ah-ri-im PN and the younger (or: the other) Dada BIN 6 PN (OB Ishchali), his baby son PN2 for adoption, PN and PN 2 (are to be) first and second sons (of the TUR.RA one adolescent slave BE 6/1 116:2 and 4; LU SES-ia TUR.[TU]R my youngest brother EA 298:22; PN SES GAL U PN 2 SES I brothers Borger Esarh. p. 40:8; ina LUGAL. MES TUR.MES (in broken context, referring to 96:18 (OA); DUMU.MES) U LU you have killed the old men in (their) chambers, you have killed the young maidens in their beds Gossmann Era IV 111; 1 SAG. iR ugdallib consecrated my youngest brother (after ahija 6 17:6 (NB); 2-4-ti ina GIS TUR UCP 10 p. 103 No. 27:3 PN son of PN2 sa-har YOS ittiqu dannuti ina kusse LU. x-x-ti LU si-ih-ru-ti ina libbi kudane anaku ina sepeja the mighty go (i.e., are carried) on chairs, the assistants on .... , the rank and file on mules, (but) I (go) on foot ABL 1285 r. 19 (NA); 5 urate sa si-ihru-te five mares belonging to the rank and file ABL 649:7 (NA). 2. child - a) in gen.: Summa awilum si-ihra-amanamdrtim ilqi if a man adopts a child CH § 186:40, summa awilum mar awlim si-ihra-am istariq idddk if a man kidnaps an in182 oi.uchicago.edu sihru 2a sihru 2b fant, he shall be put to death CH § 14:27, and passim; ina ERiN.GI.iL su'ati 1 LU e[nsum] SU.GI 4 u TUR la innammar etlam dannamma dren five spans (tall) ADD 1099:2, and passim in this text, added up as LU.TUR.MES ibid. 7, also ABL 212:10, and passim in this text; un- turdam let there not be found among this basket-carrier crew a single weak or old man or child, send only strong, young men LIH certain in personal names: Si-ih-ri-i-li Childof-the-Gods CCT 1 la:l, cf. Sa-ah-ri-li KTS 27 r. 3 (let.), cf. workmen sa si-b u si-ih-ru la ibassi VAS 13 23:3 (econ.); ana ukulli Stamm Namengebung 261; SES-sa-hr(or -bar) ukulli bitim u [s]i-ih-ru-ti-ka e'um u[l] i[b]assi there is no barley for fodder for the shed of the barley-fed sheep and cattle (or for) the victuals of the household b) used in the stative: istu sa-ah-ra-ku-ni allanukka aham u ibram ula isu since I was a child, I have had no friend or confidant except 44a:6, Sa-hi-ri-DINGIR TuM 17a:15 (all OA), see E HSS 10 206:11 (OAkk.), see MAD 3 242. UD[U].GUD.SE sg [ina q]ablisu nakisma this child (referring you BIN 6 24:3 (OA); mi-su-um sa-ah-ra-kuma why am I (considered) a child? Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes 26:27; PN si- to [D]UMU.GABA in hi-irul sa tertim PN is young, he cannot hold and your children TCL 18 110:6 (let.); LU.TUR line 5) was cut in half (nobody knows whether it was male or fe- office ARM 1 61:34, cf. summa marsu si-hi-ir- male) ARM 6 43:8, cf. [b]el LU.TUR satu ibid. 20; for LU.TUR.MES, see also VAS 16 54:16 (all OB); ma ilik abisu alakam la ile'i if his son is a minor and cannot perform his father's feudal duty CH § 29:42; assum PN kima la si-ih-rui-ma rabi ul tide don't you know about PN, that he is no (longer) a minor but (is) grown 10 HAR.SU KU.GI 10 HAR.GiR KU.GI a 10 LU. TUR.MES ten golden bangles (and) ten golden ankle rings for ten children EA 25 iii 63, cf. ibid. 67 (list of gifts of Tusratta); exceptionally: TUR.RA GABA suckling child YOS 12 275:2; up ? TCL 7 53:6 (OB let.), cf. awiltum ul si-ih-rii[t] ra-bi-a-at TCL 11 246:8 (OB); si-ih-re-et suckling possibly: LU.TUR e-niq GA «<RAS child PBS 2/1 65:5 (NB); Numhd Jamutbal qadum si-ih-ri-im si-hi-ir-tim SAG.iR.MES ul et[l]et ul sartum ina litika are you a child, are you no man, is there not any hair on your pdnam u bdbam ul <i>-su-u GN and GN 2 , inclusive of boy(s), girl(s), slaves, servant girls, oxen, and wu'uram ul ele'i am I a child that I cannot asses in countless numbers ARM 2 99:8, cf. siih-ra-am4(!) [si]-hi-ir-tam VAS 7 156:23 (OB); u muqqtim ana utini nusessibsu he said, "He is a child, we will let him sit by the hearth with the old men and weak women" VAS 16 3:12 GEME.MES GUD.HI.A Slam kalasu adi si-ih-ri-im ukammisma I assembled the whole town, including the children ARM 3 30:12, cf. kaluma adi si-ih-ri-im ligdammir ARM 1 6:17; subbi si-ih-ra-am sabitu qdtika look at the child who is holding your hand cheek? U ANSE.HI.A ARM 1 108:6; andku si-ih-re-ku-i u give orders? ARM 1 108:12, cf. also atta si-ihre-ta ibid. 85:6; umma suma si-hi-iritti sibitim (OB); [sa i]stu si-ih-re-e-ku la amuru [am]ar umma tamar I have certainly seen (something the like of) which I have not seen since I was a child PBS 7 34:5 (OB let.); ultu andku si-ih-re- Gilg. M. iii 12; Sa-ap-ti si-ih-ri-ia ku when I was a minor BBSt. No. 3 iv 27 (MB); anassiqma ina huhdr Samas azakkarakkum I will swear to you by the emblem of Samas, istu ina kussi sa abija T'ibu u si-ih-re-ku when I ascended my father's throne, I was (still) a kissing the lips of my child YOS 12 325:9 (OB); jdsi sa-ah-ri-im sa ina nisi la utti a-libbija minor EA 17:12 (let. of Tusratta); inima TUR my andku EA 296:25; akija TUR istu jti brother (who) is younger than I EA 137:16 (let. of Rib-Addi); ina ime ulldti ahia si-hi-ir in ibrema ina mdti abbandi iskunanni ana reseti (Marduk) found me when I was a child still invisible to human eyes, unborn, and (though) I was born among country people, he placed me in an exalted position VAB 4 66:10 (Nabopolassar); u k Sa Lu.TUR.ME-im-ma iqbini m5 and as children speak, they say ABL 362 r. 5 (NA); note: x TUR.MES 5 riti x chil- 183 those days my brother was still quite young KBo 1 10:17 and 34, cf. ibid. 39; si-ih-ruatta RN (parallel laki atta RN line 7) you were a child, Assurbanipal Craig ABRT 1 6:6 (= Streck Asb. 348), cf. si-hi-ra-kaa-ta-za-ak-ka 4R 61 ii 32 (NA oracles to Esarh.); si-ih-ra-ku-ma ahtati I was oi.uchicago.edu sihru 2c sihru 4a but young when I sinned Schollmeyer No. 18:21 (SB rel.); ultu si-ih-re-ku(text -su) adi old Lie Sar. 383, cf. ibid. 119; 208,000 nis TUR muhhi umu agd sarru beld urtabdnni from my youth until today, the king, my lord, has male and female OIP 2 25 i 50 (Senn.), and passim in Esarh. and Asb.; ismsunutu Sim-mat Sut E. KI sa-hir u ra-[bi] he fixed for them, (both) reared me ABL 499:6 (NB); GAL zikar u sinnis x people, young and old, si-ih-re-ti-ma dGilgames libbaka nascka mimma sa tettenep pusu la tidi you are young, Gilgames, (and) your enthusiasm carries you away, you do not understand what you persist in doing young and old, the fate of the citizens of Gilg. III v 10; rdmanni rdmanni asu si-ih- Babylon JTVI 29 84:5 (Kedorlaomer text), cf. SBH p. 155 add. to No. 56: 6f., in lex. section; note, with istu ... adi: l ina madr PN lu mamma sanumma ... lu qZiit GN TA si-hir <adi> ra-[ku] love me, love me, for I am youthful ra-bi mala basd whether it is (one) of the sons LKA 103:7. of PN or anyone else or whatever lieutenant c) used as a per merismum - 1' in the phrase sihir (u) rabi: kdrum sa-hi-ir rabi the (corporate) colony, (including) the youngest (and) the eldest MVAG 35/3 48 No. 319 VAT of GN there may come to be, from the least to the most important BBSt. No. 6 ii 29 (MB); istu si-ih-ri-im a-di ra-bi-[im] Ml1. Dussaud 2 993:10 (Mari let.). 13515:1, cf. kdrum TUR GAL BIN 4 83:40, kdrum GN sa-hi-ir GAL TCL 21 273:18, and passim in 2' contrasted with sibu: amat sarri ana LU KUR RaSaja LU.AB.BA.MES U sah(NE)-ru-4- OA; kunukke sa sa-hi-ir GAL the seals of the ti message of the king to the Rasaeans, (both) entire assembly BIN 4103:30 (OA), cf. TUR GAL tupsarru ... upahhar the scribe assembles the entire (assembly) JSOR 11 122 No. 19:5, also ibid. 3, 10 and 13; qinni si-hi-ra-bi amur assumisunu remanni nahrarka liksudanni have a regard for my (whole) family, young and old, be kind to me for their sake, may (some token of) your help reach me YOS 2 141:15 (OB let.), cf. kinisti TUR u GAL ... mala old and young ABL 295:2, 1260:3, and passim in ABL, LU.AB.BA.MES U LU.TUR.MES YOS 3 6:3, also LUO szbtu u LU.TUR.MES ABL 210:3, cf. LU i-bu-tu u LO si-ih-ru-tu UCP 9/2 89 No. 24:9, si-bu-tu u si-hi-ru-tu ABL 906:4, 1112:9 (all NB), cf. also LT.AB.[BA.MESI adi LU si-hiru-te Woolley Carchemish 2 136:27 (NA); mimmu mala il-ta sa-hi-ir adi Si-bu-tu Nbk. 125:1. 3. servant: si-ih-ra-amsa sapdrim tisu ... basiz VAS 1 36 iv 5 (NB kudurru); TA GN-a-a ula taspuramma you have a(n errand) boy gabbu TUR GAL mala basi Wiseman Treaties 5; who can be sent (with messages), but you si-ih-ra (var. TUR) u ra-ba-a(var. GAL-a) isteWn not sent (your answer) to me OECT 3 have is tlusmti Gossmann Era IV 28; edu amela la 67:17, cf. matima si-ih-ri ul aspurakkum izibma TUR u GAL-a ki istenis usasbitma he TCL 17 33:9; si-ih-ra riqissu la ttatrrad do man but settled did not leave out a single them, young and old, all together VAS 1 37 iii 27 (NB kudurru), dGIS.BAR nadin makale ana TUR.MES GAL.MES the fire god, who provides dishes for everybody WisemanTreaties 524; issu libbi ahhesu GAL.MES TUR.MES among all his brothers ibid. 56, 69 and 219; mamit GAL.MES u TUR.ME§ the oath of old and young Surpu III 7; anaGAL U TUR istenma this refers equally to old and young Labat TDP 112 i 29'; amelutu GAL-( TUR TCL 12 43:15 (NB); nise Assur TUR U [GAL] ADD 650:10, cf. ABL 240:4 (NB); note: tuparrira-bu-4 u si-ih-ru ABL 954 r. 2 (NB); ita ilmiisuntimasi-hir ra-bi la ipparsidu (my lieutenants) surrounded them not send the servant empty handed VAS 7 91:5; si-ih-ra-am sa kima tattaplasi mas: kanam lu nadi as soon as you see the servant, he should be put in fetters CT 29 34:28 (all OB letters), cf. 1 TUR.RA Sa awilim CT 8 19a: 18 (OB); (in ration lists) TUR (referring to young workers receiving smaller rations) ARM 9 24 iii 30f., also ibid. i 47, 55, ii 47, etc. 4. sihirtu girl - a) in OB: ana bitim s[i-ih-ri-im]u si-hi-ir-timna[s]arimnidi ahim la tarassi do not neglect to take care of the household, (both) the boy(s) and the girl(s) A 3530:6f. (let.), cf. si-ih-ra-am i [si]-hi-ir-tam VAS 7 156:23 (econ.), si-ih-ri-im si-hi-ir-tim and none escaped, neither the young nor the ARM 2 99:8; terhat SAL.TUR-4n ARM 1 46:11; 184 oi.uchicago.edu sihru 4b sihru A aslum sablim sa halsija TUR u SAL.TUR ana danndtim kamim bel ispuram my lord ordered me to assemble in the fortresses the corvee party of youths and girls from my district ARM 3 38:6. Possibly to suhdrtu: SAL.TUR DUMU.SAL PN akckdsim eleqq[e] I will take the girl, daughter of PN, for you (as wife) ARM 1 77:8. b) in MB: 1 SAL si-i-ir-tum U.TU GN 2 KiJ ldna a (baby) girl, born in GN, half a cubit tall BE 14 128a:1, pitAdtu GAL1-tit ji[lqi gabb]a your father, the king, sent (only) a few archers to capture the whole (region), let the king listen to his subject's advice and send a large (contingent of) archers and capture the whole (region) EA 131:33. b) from Alasia: ahi ki si-hi-ir erl ina libbika la i-sa-ki-in dear brother, do not take it to heart that there is so little copper EA 35:12. cf. SAL si-hi-ir-tum ib[baqqarma] 2 SAL si-hi-re-ti [...] should a claim be raised for the girl, [they will give] two girls ibid. for OB and Mari refs., see mng. 2. 18f.; c) [f]u-[ar-mi] ERIN.MES in SB: ultu si-ih-ra-ku-ma DUMU.SAL- c) in RS: whosoever says to the king of Ugarit ma KU.GI.MES annu si-i-ir-ma u KU.GI.MES sand idinmi as follows: "This gold (given in payment) is not enough (lit. too little), give me more (lit. other) gold" MRS 9 p. 142 RS 17.228:39. ku (= batuldku) ul idi melulu sa arddti ul idi dadkka sa si-ih-ra-a-ti (var. si-hi-ra-a-ti) ever since I was a child and a young girl, I took no part in the dance of the maidens, I took no part in the romping of the little girls STT 28 v It is often difficult to decide what the readings of LU.TUR and SAL.TUR are in certain periods, since both sihru and suhdru occur in OB and Mari in contexts where LU.TUR is found. In lit. texts, it is most likely that 20' (Nergal and Ereskigal), var. from ibid. 4', LU.TUR is to be read serru, q.v., when refersee AnSt 10 122, cf. [s]i-ih-re-tum= si-hi-ir-tum ring to a newborn baby or small child. SAL.TUR CT 18 15 K.206 r. ii 28. in Mari can be read sihirtu or suhartu, but d) in NA: naphar 121 TUR.SAL.MES (add- in MB and NA ration lists it should most ing up SAL 5 (or: 4, 3) ruti girls 5 (or 4, 3) likely be read batultu, since it corresponds to spans tall and SAL parsi weaned girls, SAL sa the age group designated by GURUS.TUR when GA suckling girls) ADD 1099 r. 2. referring to males. e) in NB: PN ina hud libbisu fPN sa-harsihru A (sihiru)s.; a short time; OB, NB; ta-s4 ana x Kb.BABBAR ... iddin PN has, of wr. syll. (OB) and BANDA, BAN.DA (NB); his own free will, sold fPN, a girl owned by cf. seheru. him, for x silver TuM 2-3 19:2 (NB), cf. fPN SAL sa-har-ta-su ibid. 18:3, cf. also ibid. 267:3, a) with kima (OB only): kima si-ih-ri UET 4 190:17 (NB let.); fPN sa-har-ta-ka ABL irnittaka kusda achieve your success quickly 912 r. 10 (NB). Gilg. Y. 265. 5. few (only in EA letters and RS) - a) amur ma-ah(!)-du amelutu from Byblos: BAN.DA isamma luGsbulu take the message rd'imuja ana libbi dli TUR LU.MES Sa-ru-tu ana quickly, and they should send (it here) CT 22 libbisi behold, the men that favor me in the city are numerous (and) rebellious men are few there EA 137:48, cf. inuma ji-la-[ku-na] PN ina ERIN.MES si-i[h]-r[i] EA 117:24; kali ameilti massarti sa irtihu mar-sa u si-ih-ru amlutu ina libbi dli all the men of the fort who are left are hard pressed and the men in 66:26 (let.), b) the city are (quite) few EA 103:50; ju-sar-mi sarru ab-b[u-ka] ERIN.ME§ pitdtu TUR U j[i]i[1]-q[i] gabba ... jim[u] sarru awat ardisu u with akki (NB only): sipirtu a-ki-i but note sipirtu BAN.DA ina qdte PN ultebilu they are sending the express message through PN ibid. 22; mimmssa mamma la inassc ... a-ki-i si-hi-ri qgdt id- di(text -ki)-ku-nis-su nobody is to take away his property, they intend to remove him (lit. his hands) quickly TCL 9 130:22; BANDA tasappar BIN 1 92:11. 185 a-ki-i Oppenheim, JAOS 61 269 n. 103 and Or. NS 17 33 n. 2. oi.uchicago.edu sihru B sihtu sihru B s.; youth; SB*; of. seheru. me [n]a.am.da.g6.ga.de um.mi.dun (var. na.an.da.ra.de.de.en im.mi.du 1 ) i.si.is.bi mu.sa.ra.x (var. mu.un.da.ze. ge) : la ut-[taq-qa-asl-su aqbima si-fih1-tausanasanni I declared that I would not .... it again, its laughter would depress (andsu, anaku likulma lutitr ana si-ih-ri-i[a ... ] (var. ana sa su-uh-ri-ia-a-ma) I myself will eat (the Plant of Life) so that I may return to my youth Gilg. XI 282; sarrusahtusa ultu imi si-ih-ri-su beilssunu putuqquma the humble king who has revered their (the gods') overlordship since the days of his youth Borger for eneSu) me CT 15 25:28 (Sum. only), var. from PSBA 17 pl. 2 after p. 64 K.41 iii 16f. (bil.), see Falkenstein, ZA 52 66; ummu Sa marti ina Esarh. 12:14. si-ha-a-tii-[... ] (in broken context) In these two refs. sihru replaces the infinitive seheru, which is usually used in similar constructions. For refs. written with the log. TUR, see seheru. See also suhru. b) qualifying another substantive: kima kakkab same ina GIS.SAR si-h[a]-te ihannub[a GIS].NU.R.[MA] siltu (sehtu) s.; 1. smile, laughter, delight, 2. amorous dalliance, 3. in tuppu sihtu fraud; OB, SB, NA, NB; pl. sihatu; cf. sdhu. 1. smile, laughter, delight - a) in gen.: simtissa ihannima si-ha-tum smiles bloom upon her features RA 22 170:10 (OB lit.); [uh]tannamu elussa [na]nnabu masrahu du'. supu kuzbu [x x] si-ha-tim ru-a-mi tu-us-taaz-na-[an] she is blooming with vitality, the sweetest glamor (and) attractiveness, she is bedewed with [...], delight and loveliness VAS 10 215:7 (OB lit.); Si-ih-ti-lmur May-ISee-My-Delight(= Loved One) (fem. personalname) PBS 8/2 252:9 and 18, cf. Si-ihti-[r]u-qd-at My-Delight-is-Far-Away TCL 1 204:2, also PBS 8/2 212:2 (all OB), see Stamm Namengebung 287 f., fSi-ha-ti ADD 811:5, also fSi-ha-tum UET 4 192:1 (NB); I (the god- dess) declared that I would not enter it (the city) again, its pleasure (lall) would irritate the pomegranates glow in the pleasure garden like the stars of heaven [i-s]i-i AX IGI = si-ih-tum (also nissatu and baki) A 1/1:145, cf. i-sis AXIGI = si-ih-tum Ea I 10; e-se-es A.IGI = si-ih-tum (also nissatu, dimmatu, rimmatu, tazzimtu, tassistu, and tan[ihu]) Diri III 155; [A.IGI] = [s]i-ih-tum Proto-Diri 205c; i.si. is. a. = MIN (= nissatu) mald, si-ih-ta ma-lu-u, su-um-mu-P Izi V 57ff.; ki.im.me.bu.i = [a-sar] si-ih-ti Izi C ii 4; rigi.zall.ur = si-e-ih-tum OBGT XIII 11b; [...] = si-ih-tum Erimhus III 156. mul.an.na dil.bad.du i.si.is la.a.ginx(OIM) : kima kakkab same nabu mald si-ha-a-ti like a shining star of heaven, full of delight 4R 27 No. 2:23f., cf. i.si.is ba.e.la.la.e.fdal : sa si-ihtam ma-lu-[u] PBS 1/1 11 (Sum.) iv 77 : (Akk.) iii 45 (OB lit.); for another bil. ref., see mng. la. la-ba(!)-tum, ma-a'-la-tum = si-ih-tum Malku VIII 92 f. la Gossmann Era p. 21 KAR 169 iv 33. Iraq 14 42:50 (Asn.), cf. ina GIS.SAR si(!)-ha-te ibid. 51; GIS.BAN si-hat ana qdtesu istakan (Ninlil) put into his (Nergal's) hands a superb upurkunu sa si- bow RA 41 40:22 (LB lit.); ha-a-t[i] JSS 4 8 Col. A 15. 2. amorous dalliance: asbaku ina punzirri Sa si-ha-a-[ti] bu-'u-4-ra aj ahti I sit in the blind of dalliance, may I not miss the quarry KAR 70 r. 20 (inc.); ina si-ih-ti sa si-e-[ri] amid dalliance in the open fields (incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. ii 3; si-ha-ti ds-ru-un-ni tagusa ITI you have come to our place, the month of amorous dalliance KAR 158 r. ii 31; um x ina URU Larsan si-ha-tu izlqa when (I was) in the city of Larsa, dalliance came wafting through the air ibid. 37; ramka lu surru (NA 4.zu) si-ha-tu-ka lu hurasu your love is truly obsidian, your love-making is gold ibid. 44; bll zummdku rdm[ka] iq-qd-at si-ha-tu-ka su-[...] ZA 49 170 r. iii 13 (OB lit.), see JCS 15 8. 3. in tuppu sihtu fraud (OB): ullanum <DUB> zittisunu DUB si-ih-[tum] sa ina qdtisunu illi'am sar hepi any fraudulent tablet that should turn up apart from the tablet concerning their division is to be considered false and (therefore) be destroyed TCL 1 104:26; tup-pu si-ih-tum sa libittim labanim u SE.KIN. KUD sa PN eli PN isd ina qdti PN i-la-am- ma hepi sar ana PN2 ul iraggum should a fraudulent tablet turn up in PN's possession (saying) that PN2 is under obligation to PN to make bricks and do harvest work, it is to 186 oi.uchicago.edu sihu silianu be destroyed (as) false, and he (PN) will have (before), let them put (them) on crosswise no claim against PN2 YOS 12 224:1, cf. tuppu-um si-ih-tum i-li-a-am-ma ihheppi CT 6 33b:23; DUB ha-ar-mu-umr si-ih-tum i-hi-pi-e ABL 391 r. 9; §a aplictim any (other) case tablet (or) fraudulent tablet concerning the inheritance (hereby voided) will be destroyed CT 6 47a:17; tup-pu- um si-ih-tu[m] 8a PN eli PN2 irs~ mahrat libbi su (for libbasa) tab any fraudulent tablet which PN holds against PN2 is (to be considered) received and she as satisfied VAS 9 ni arranged crosswise 689 K.7726:6. rence of a Syr. sulban 196:1, cf. tup-pi s[i-i]h-tum sa S[e-im] u kaspim (text -sum) i-li-a-am-ma sar hepi the fraudulent tablet through which PN holds a claim for barley or silver against PN2 is (indeed) a fraudulent tablet, if it turns up it is (to be) considered false and be destroyed (case of the above tablet) ibid. 197:1 and 9. Ad mng. 3: Not only were deliberate forgeries called sihtu but also drafts or unauthorized copies when presented as genuine. Before such a tablet could be voided and destroyed, it had to be declared sar in court. The spelling with si in VAS 9 197 case sub mng. 3 (compared to the si of the tablet) has to be considered a mistake of the scribe. Landsberger, ZA 40 298; (Schott, OLZ 1933 520); Ad mng. 3: (Schorr, VAB 5 322; Walther Gerichtswesen 249 n. 1). sihu s.; laughter; lex.*; cf. sahu. i-si-is i9 = s[i]-i-hu Ea IV 89. gijanu s.; (a synonym of "incense," lit. the heaped up); syn. list*; cf. senu. = si-ia-a-nu BBR No. 67:5, dupl. BA 5 The identification of this word with the term for "licorice" rests upon a single occur- [sa] PN [eli PN2 ir-su]-ui tup-pu-um si-ih-tum za-'-u, e-re-su, x xx 2:332ff. [Se]htu GIS gassdti GIS sil-li-ba- a censer (filled with) kindling wood LTBA 2 (see Low Flora 2 436). Licorice is called Susu in Akk., and such a meaning cannot fit the ABL refs. where something like a bandage is indicated. In the BBR ref. silbu may refer to pieces of kindling arranged crosswise. silianu (or sillianu) s.; (a storage jar or container); OA*; pl. silianu. tuppe ina kunukkisunuma si-li-a-namsesia: nimma ana ummeanim kInim piqdasunuma take out the tablets in their seal(ed bags) from the s. and entrust them to a reliable businessman BIN 6 80:13, cf. si-li-a-nam sesiama ibid. 18, tuppum ina [si]-li-a-nim-ma ibassi ibid. 31, ina libbi si-li-a-ni-ma ibaSSi ibid. 34; tuppam harmam ... Sa tamkdrim sa ina si-lia-ni kunukkia ... apqidakkinni ammakam si-li-a-ni kunukka ana PN u PN2 dinama lublilnim ... summa si-i--a-nu u kunukkua patru ... kunkama Sbilanim I have entrusted to you (fem.) the merchant's case tablet (concerning x silver) which is in (one of) the s.-s under my seals, (over) there give the s.-s under my seals to PN and PN2 so that they can bring them to me, if the s.-s and my seals are opened, seal (pl.) them (again) and send them to me BIN 4 55:8, 14 and 20, dinaum open the s.-s (or: silbu s.; crosswise arrangement (of bandages or wood); NA*; pl. silbanu and sillibanu; cf. salapu. ina muhhi karari Sa sil-li-ba-a-ni sa sarru bell iqbiini ma sarih in regard to the putting on of bandages crosswise that the king, my lord, has ordered, saying, "He is feverish" ABL 19:6; kZma si-il-ba-ni ina pan sarri userrabuni ki Sa mala 2-su eppuini pariktu lipriku when they bring the bandages in to the king, as they have done once or twice 187 cf. si-li-a-nu kunukkita TuM 1 16f r. 5'; si-li-a-ni sa tuppe pitiama tuppam harmam Sa hubul PN ... my s.) with the tablets and give PN the case tablet recording his debt Giessen 3-3:4, cited MVAG 33 p. 136 n. c, cf. tuppia si-li-a-ni (for si-li-a-nituppia) pitiama tuppam ... sa hubul PN seliama ... u si-li-a-ni kunkama ana PN piqda open the s.-s (or: my s.) with my tablets, take out PN's promissory note, then seal my s. (again) and entrust it to PN TCL 4 33:5 and 13, cf. (in difficult context) si-li-a-ni PN ubil VAT 13480:15 (= MVAG 33 No. 155); assalaiutamas lak a tuppe ina si-li-a-ni kanku three oi.uchicago.edu sililitu A sillatu boxes with tablets are under seal in the s.-s BIN 4 90:16, cf. tupp sa libbi si-li-a-nim ibid. 28; i-ti-ar suharika si-li-a-ni tamallk u ma(or ku)-zi-bi usebalakkum when your agent returns, I shall send you the s.-s, the boxes and the .... -s TCL 19 5:30; kaspam u hurdsam ... ina si-li-a-ni-Ku radium iknukuma the caravan leader placed the silver and gold under seal in his s. KT Hahn 14:12, cf. si-li-ani rquftim the empty s.-s ibid. 17 and 31, cf. of coefficients), cf. 1 si-li-ip-tum ibid. 11 and p. 135 Ud 63; BAR.NUN tamharti 10 KIS ten cubits is the diagonal of a square TMB p. 78 No. 158 (LB); a door, one-half ninda two cubits high, two cubits wide si-li-<ip>-ta-Ju minum what is its diagonal? TMB 130 No. 232:1, also ibid. 233:1, and x si-li-ip-tatammar you find x, the diagonal ibid. 4 (OB). c) diagonal (of a trapezoid): iB.si s si-li-iptim MCT p. 38 iii 1, cf. [ta-k]i-il-ti si-li-ip-tim [sa in]nassahuma SAG i-x-u ibid. i 1 (headings of cols. listing Pythagorean numbers), cf. mak= sarum sa SAG.KI.GUD si-li-ip-tim ibid. p. 53 also umma karumma si-li-a-ni-Ku si-li-a-niju-ma the kdrum said, "His s.-s indeed belong to him" ibid. 23, si-li-a-ni asser rabi sikkitim ula ustili I did not send the s.-s to E r. 10, see Neugebauer and Sachs, ibid. p. 55, and the general ibid. 25, cf. also si-li-a-nu (in H. Lewy, Or. NS 18 61; 1,20 BAR-ta §a a-pubroken context) JSOR 11 128 No. 34:2. sa-am-mi-ki 1,20 is the diagonal of the trapezoid Draffkorn Kilmer, Or. NS 29 285 D 2, cf. Or. NS 29 286 D 7, and other refs. cited Or. NS 29 286f. sub G (all sililitu A (or zililitu) s.; (month name); OB Elam. a) in early texts: ITI Zii-li-ltum MDP 23 292:5, and passim, note ITI Tamhirum u ITI si-li-ip-ti apsammikki MB). For BAR.NUN in astronomical texts, see Zi-li-li-tum BALA IGI.URU.KI MDP 10 p. 18 No. 2 r. 6, also (with BALA URU.DAG.KI) ibid. p. 53 No. 67 r. 2, and passim. b) in OB texts: ina ITI Zi-li-li-ti MDP 23 180:15, ITI Zi-li-li-tisa BALA GAL ibid. 230:7, and passim, note (with [sa BA]LA IGI.URU.KI) MDP 22 120:4, (with s4 BALA URU.DAG) MDP Neugebauer ACT 470 s.v. siliptu see saliptu. sillnu (fem. sillanitu)adj.; providing shade, dark, somber, growing in shade; SB; cf. sulb lulu A. ui.e.lu. GI.MI SAR = (kisibirru)si-la-ni-t Hh. XVII 307; ut.ebur. GI.MI SAR : (sambaliltu)sil-lani-ti Uruanna I 169. 22 92:8, 121:4. See the month names Saliltu and Salul. sililitu B s.; (a bird); lex.* musen = d8-ki-ki-td // es-ki[x].a.ME.en.na ni-ni-tu = si-li-li-tu4 Hg. C I 16, also Hg. B IV 298. siliptu s.; diagonal, hypotenuse; OB, MB, (SB Alu), LB; wr. syll. and BAR, BAR.NUN; cf. saldpu. BAR.NUN BAR.NUN.is(text: .se) ib.ta.e gi- : a) silland providing shade (referring to a porch or awning), dark, somber: summa bitu taransu si-il-la-ni if the awning (or porch) of a house provides (good) shade CT 38 14:23 lip-ta ana si-lip-te i-se-si he rented (a field) .... Ai. IV i 46. cf. summa bitu sikinsu sil-la-ni if the structure of a house is (so that it is) shade-providing ibid. 5; summa nuru sa ina gizilli nasK si-il-la-ni if the flame which they carry on a torch is somber i Alu), cf. summa nturu Jsa a) hypotenuse (of a right-angled triangle): siddu putu u BAR.NUN 40 u 2 eqlu the short si-il-la-ni side, the long side, and the hypotenuse are 40, CT 39 34:23 (SB bit ameli kunnu if the fire which is lighted in a man's house is somber ibid. 35. and the area is 2 TMB 77 No. 156 (LB math.), cf. x BAR.NUN the hypotenuse is x MCT p. 141 Y 6. b) silldantu growing in shade, shade-loving (describing certain plants): see lex. section. b) diagonal (of a square): 1,24,51,10 si-liip-tum iB.si s x is the diagonal, square root (i.e., }/2 used to compute the diagonal of a square, see MCTp. 43) MCTp. 136Ue 10(OBlist 188 Ad usage b: Thompson DAB 64 and 66. sillitu s. pl.; storeroom; NA*; cf. sullulu A. The king knows that the tribute for the month Tbitu is at hand u si-il-la-a-te lau oi.uchicago.edu sillianu sillu lb bit [GIS].GESTIN.MES a sarri niSakkanuni sarru belini liqbi and there is no storeroom, the king, our lord, should tell (us) where we should put the king's wine ABL 86:15. (Oppenheim, JAOS 61 253 n. 9.) sillianu see silidnu. sillibinu see silbu. sillu s.; 1. shadow, shade of a tree, shaded place, 2. awning, covering, 3. (an opaque spot or discoloration in a diseased eye), 4. likeness, 5. protection, aegis, patronage; lil.la.ka GiS.MI.bi dug.ga.am sipasul.gi.re ni. h .im.si.te.te may the shepherd Sulgi find cooling (rest) within the brickwork of Enlil, whose shade is pleasant CT 36 27:30; dNin.urta ni GIS.MI.Zu kalam.ma 16.e(var. .a) : dMIN puluhti sil-li-ka anamati tarsat your awe-inspiring shadow, Ninurta, is cast over the Land (Sumer) Lugale I 14; zi ub da.da r GIS.MI ki.gub.bu.de : nis tupqi sdhati dutu sil-lu ubtu manzaza PBS 1/2 115 i 21f., see ditu mng. 3, cf. GI§.MI A. R lu.ta : ina sil-li [duti ameli] ASKT p. 94-95:43. ta-ra-nu = sil-lu Lambert BWL 32:48 (Ludlul Comm.); na-zi = sil-lum Balkan Kassit. Stud. 4 r. 38 (Kassite voc.), cf. mNa-zi-Mdru-tas = mSildNin-urta ibid. 2 i 53, also 3:llf. from OAkk. on; wr. syll. and GIS.MI (also MI 1. shadow, shade of a tree, shaded place a) shadow: [summa qutrinnuml si-la-su salim if the shadow of the smoke is well defined UCP 9 p. 376:33 (OB smoke omens); Summa sil-la-4 klma rimi inattal if he looks at his shadow (and is scared of it) as if it were - in personal names); cf. sullulu A. gi-is-su GIS.MI = si-il-lu Diri III 58; GIS.MI = sil-lu Igituh short version 112 and Igituh I 407; GI.MI = [si-il]-lu, GIS.MI.A. gu. zi.ga = MIN e-e-ri morning shade, GIS.MI. l 1 = MIN [tam-he-e] evening shade Lu Excerpt II 45ff., restored after u 4. GIS.MI.1a = sgil-li tam-he-e 5R 16 iv 45 (group voc.), cf. u[d].te.en.gi 6 .[b]a = si-il-li(copy se+at) (between musztu and kasdtu) Lanu F ii 16 (= RA 17 204); em.[z]6 = GIS.MI = si-il-lu, em.z6.[z ].eb = GIS.MI.du 10 .ga = KI.MIN ta-a-bu, em.ze.d[a]. ma.al = GIS.MI.dagal = KI.MIN rap-su Emesal Voc. III 124ff.; [a].[mil = [GIS.MI1 = (Hitt.) GI§.MI-as Izi Bogh. A 80. i[n.x].x = su-lu-lu, i[n.di.di] = sil-lu Erimhus II 148f.; en.ti = si-el-lu = (Hitt.) GIS.MI-as, en.ti.ti = ku-sa-a-ru = (Hitt.) ku-wa-pi-it-ta para-a e-es-su-mar Erimhus Bogh. B i 15'f.; an.ga = si-il-lum Silbenvokabular A 80. di-mu-u s .GIS.MI = ku-sd-ru, si-il-lu, dim-musd-tum, ku-ma-su, ku-pu-[u] Diri IV 29ff., cf. ub. GIS.MI = ku-pu-u Hh. VIII 73; gis. GIS.MI. ma = sil-lum (vars. sil-lu, si-li) MIN (= e-lip-pi) Hh. IV 377; [tg. . . .] = [...].x= sil-lum Hg. CII 18; udu.GIS.MI = im-me-ri [sil-li] Hh. XIII 93, GIc.MI KU 6 = nu-un sil-[li] Hh. XVIII 128. a.il.la.zu.se GIS.MI mu.un.lA.e(vars. omit .e) : ana ns idika sil-lu taris when you (Ninurta) lift your arms, a shadow is cast (over the world) Angim II 26; u4.su.us.ru an.dil.b[i].MI.rMI. gal : urrup sil-la-s4 ukkul he (the utukku-demon) is a dark (day), a clouded dark shadow (without light in his body) BIN 2 22 i 31f.; e.ku.ga.a.ni. ta gis.tir GIS.MI la.e aA.bi lu nu.mu.un.du. ku4.ku4.de : ina biti ellu sa kima qZsti sil-la-su tarsuana libbisu mamma la irrubu in the holy house whose shade is cast (as densely) as that of a forest, into which no one may enter CT 16 46:193f., cf. [igi.b]i gis.tir GIS.MI i.lA.e : [pa]nisu silli(var. -lu) qzste ha-as-bu(var. -bi) (corrupt for tarsu?) (Akk.) its (the disease's) face is (like) the shade cast by a forest CT 17 25:12f.; sig 4 .d En. 189 a wild bull Kraus Texte 13:1 and dupl. 16:1; [... ]-tum ilqi GIS.MI ina igari [the sorceres- ses] plucked my shadow from the wall Maqlu VI 59; nakrum ina si-el-li tamhe ittika tha: zam ippus the enemy will give you battle at (the time of) the evening shadows RA 27 142:27 (OB ext.), cf. silli tamhe, in lex. section; su-du-ud(or -ut) 7 dGIS.MIdNIN.MAH (the 24th day is the day of) the proclamation(?) of the seven deified shadows(?) of DN JCS 1 331 r. 7' (SB lit.); obscure: dajanutka dSamas namru sa si-lu [x] usabsz KAR 25 ii 9; sil-li mukasidi ikkalSad Lambert BWL 241 iii 1. b) shade of a tree, shaded place: ina si-fil-li bil-ni[m n]aptanam [iskun(?)] (the king) [arranged] a banquet in the shade of the tamarisk Lambert BWL 155:7 (OB), (con- trasted with the inadequate shade of the palm tree) ibid. 8 (damaged), cf. ibid. 162:14f., and cf. ul Saru GIs.Mi-ka ... ul samhat qimmatka your shade is not abundant, your top not luxuriant (the sarbatu tree addressing the e'ru tree) ibid. 165:12, and note, for the shade of the sarbatu tree: uru.na gis. asal.dig.bi mu.Di GIS.MI.bi mu.la in his (the god's) city he planted(?) its (the temple's?) pleasant(?) poplar-(there) it casts its shade Gudea Cyl. A 22:19; ina sil-li ser betim ulid gsru the serpent gave birth in the shade of the poplar Bab. 12 pi. 13:6 (OB oi.uchicago.edu sillu 2 sillu 5a Etana), cf. ina si-li sarbete su'dsa erd szrumma a furrow [s]i-il-lam la <i>-su and has no irtini in the shade of that poplar the eagle "covering" and the serpent became friends AfO 14 pl. 9 i 10 (MA Etana); atta lu erenumma ina si-li-ka 3. (an opaque spot or discoloration in a diseased eye): summa amelu nau GIS.MI arma if a man's eyes are covered with a s[e-tum] aj ihmutanni you be the cedar, so that in your shade I may not suffer from the burning (of the sun) erenu ... YOS 10 14:1 (OB ext.). "shade" KAR 202 r. iv 46 (med.), BIN 7 41:19 (OB let.); GIS.MI tabu sil-la-si the cedar's shade is mald cf. indsu his eyes are full of "shade" AMT 18,6:4, cf. AMT 13,2:3 and 6, KAR 183:13, also AMT 11,2:45, Labat TDP 36:28f., cf. also summa amelu ina libbi ziniu GIS.MI ukdl VAT pleasant Gilg. V i 8; ina GI.MI ereni tisamma sit down (addressing Samas) in the shade of the cedar 4R 17 r. 9 (SB bit rimki); in the high 13732:16 (courtesy Kocher); GIS.MI lamassat ineu unaqqap a-si-tu ana GIS.MI GUR (if) the mountains covered everywhere with trees kima qgite ereni eli tamirti<su >nu sil-lu tarsuma a shade is cast over their region as if it were "shade" encroaches(?) into the pupil, the disturbance has turned into a "shade" AMT 9,1:32; ana GIS.MI nasahi (medication) to re- in a cedar grove TCL 3 16 (Sar.); asbat ina GIS.MI amdri sa libitti she (the witch) sits in move the "shade" KUB 37 2 r. 13, see also Labat, JA 1954 212 and ibid. n. 2; also see silld B. the shade of the brick pile Maqlu V 2; GIS.MI duri lu manzdzuka askuppatu lu mu~abuka the shade of the city wall shall be your resting place, threshold(s) your seat CT 15 47 r. 26 4. likeness: atta GIS.MI atta bdSt you are (my) likeness, you are my alter ego Maqlu VIII 90 (translit. only), cited ibid. IX 188; [m]a-a GIS.MI DINGIR a-me-lu [x x] GIS.MI LU a-meli-e [a]-me-lu // LUGAL // (what one says is this) "The 'shadow' of god is man [... ], the (Descent of Istar), and dupl. KAR 1 r. 22; [ist]u GIS.MI a duri VAS 16 186:13 (OB let.); bztu sa ina GIS.MI bit Marduk belija ukinnuma bur me kasiti ina libbiSu aptd the structure (most probably containing tombs) which I dedicated, (situated) in the shade of the walls of the temple of Marduk and where I dug a well 'shadow' of men" (commentary) man (means) king ABL 652 r. 10f., see (with literature to this difficult passage) Lambert BWL 281 f. (containing) cool water AOB 140:5 (inscr. of the scribe of Asur-uballit I); [in]a GIS.MI parakki sdSu asat sa[rbatu] a poplar grew in the shade 5. protection, aegis, patronage - a) said of a deity - 1' in gen.: si-il-[l]am Suku[n elija] bestow (0 Samas, your) protection on of that chapel CT 13 31 K.8572:4; [sammi anniti] ... ina GIS.MI tubbal you dry these herbs in a shady place AMT 6,1:10, cf. KAR 191 r. iii 10; in transferred meaning: its (the me! Gilg. Y. 220 (OB); luri ina sil-li-ka nemeqi [...] may I obtain wisdom under your (Marduk's) protection BMS 13:10, see Ebeling Handerhebung 84; si-li ilim eli awelim 8sru ibassi divine protection will be upon (this) tabaGIS.MI-8 eliu iSkun the desert bestowed its pleasant protection on it BBR 100:14 (SB tamitu). man YOS 10 24:20 (OB ext.), also ibid. 22:15, RA 38 80:9 (OB ext.), wr. GIS.MI ili eli ameli ibassi 5R 63 No. 2:33 (= VAB 4270), also 2. awning, covering: 1 elippam qadu GIS. MI-a idimma give one boat with its awning (with drd)i VAS the man will live under the protection of his gazelle's) mother bore it in the desert 16 166:8 (OB let.), cf. gis.GIS.MI.ma Hh. IV 377, in lex. section, and see, for an. d ul. ma Salonen Wasserfahrzeuge 97 f.; see also taranu= sillu, in lex. section; uncertain, in ext.: santu ina GIs.MI-a erbetma u ressa aussLur the second [...] enters into its "shade" (all SB ext.); CT 31 10 K.11030:5, KAR 148 ii 22 amelu ina aGI.MI ilisu ittanallak (personal) god KAR 423 ii 23 (SB ext.); Sa ... ana nuhhi libbi ilUtiSunu ... GIS.MI-S-nu dard itrusu elisu (Esarhaddon) to whom they (the great gods) have extended their lasting protection, in order to calm (the worry in) but its head is loose KAR 453:5, also (with ressa rusSuk) ibid. 6; note, for sillu used like sulultu: if the flap (of the liver) has a gap like 190 their divine hearts Borger Esarh. 74:12, cf. IStar ... sil-la-atdb[a itrus elija] Streck Asb. 210:9, also GIS.MI-Su-nu tabam [ta]ris el-id oi.uchicago.edu sillu 5a sillu 5c VAB 4 152 iii 19 (Nbk.); ina GIS.MI sa d Uramiz da PN idduk ana nikrftu agdunu PN defeated these enemies under the protection of DN VAB 3 43:65, and passim in the royal inscrs. of this period; note, wr. ina si-il-li sa DN ibid. 119:17 and 125 No. d 3. 2' in NB (rarely NA) letters: ina GIS.MI sa ill sulum anaku I am well off through the protection of the gods CT 22 6:5, cf. YOS 3 88:6, and passim in the introductions of NB letters, note ina GIS.MI Sa ilZ Sulum anini BIN 1 29:6, ina GIS.MI Sa ilZ ulum ina biti Sakin owing to the protection of the gods, well-being is granted the household TCL 9 123:11; ina GIS.MI Sa dAnu ulum ina panija ina pani ummanu sa sarri mala akanna akki made sakin owing to the protection of Anu, I am fine and the royal army, as many (of 243 f.; Si-ld-dAdad BIN 4 73:1, and similar names in OA; Ta-ab-MI - d Samas Pleasant-is-theProtection-of-Samas CT 6 7b:5, Ra-pa-as- sil-li-A-a Broad-is-the-Protection-of-Ea CT 2 41:43, etc., also Ra-bi-sil-la-[u] CT 8 31:32, and similar names in OB; Sa-sil-li-dNusku BE 15 53:5 (MB), A-na-sil-li-dSin-tmid ibid. 178:2, and similar names in MB, see emedu mng. Id-2'; Sil-li-DINGIR.MES-ni KAJ 86:16, and similar names in MA; for NB, see Tallqvist NBN 328b index s. v.; note the divine name dMI-usDUIo = sU, Sil-l[u-uS-t]a-ab It-is-Sweet-inher-Shade CT 24 15:11 and 28:66 (list of gods), also SBH p. 146:44. For names with sillu re- ferring to buildings, etc., as a theophoric element, see mng. 5b-2'. b) said of a temple or a sacred locality - 1' in gen.: ana si-il-li-Su dri kcullat niSi them as) are here, are very well YOS 3 1:6 (royal tabis upahhir I united all mankind peacefully let.); ina GIS.MI Sa ili umma undassiranni under its (Babylon's) everlasting protection owing to the protection of the gods, the fever VAB 4 94 iii 23 (Nbk.), also ibid. 172 iii 34, cf. has left me CT 22 191:10; ina GIS.MI Sa Sama u ina GIS.Mi-ka dullu hri Sulum ana dull~ja (addressing the sangu of Sippar) CT 22 184:13; ina GIS.MI sa ili dullu Sa belija innep <pu>Su the work for my lord is being executed under the protection of the god CT ina GIS.MI DINGIR.MES Sa [sarri] ina sulmi ana E-[x] niterub under the protection 22 53:8; of the gods of the king we entered the [...]house in good order ABL 886:4 (NB), cf. ina sa bl sarrani ABL GIS.MI sa DINGIR.ME 1311 r. 23 (NB); ina GIs.Mi-ka u ina GIS.MI Sa (for a Sum. example) Nibru uri.GIS.MI. dagal.la.bi.is un.sag.ge6 .ga ni.im.si. ib.te.en.na Nippur, the city in whose broad protective shade black-headed men have found a cool resting (place) PBS 10/4 1 i 9. 2' in personal names: Sa-KA-sil-li BE 15 177:7 (MB); Sil-li-dIdigna (wr. dZUBI.LA) KAJ 179:27, etc. (MA); Ina-GIS.MI-5-sag-il Underthe-Protection-of-Esagil Nbn. 996:2, also InaGiS.MI-E-a-ki-tum Nbn. 212:3, etc., Ina-GIS. MI-A-sa-bad Nbn. 243:8, etc. dBelti-sa-Uruk ina tub libbi ina Uruk luttallak may I live happily in Uruk under your (the c) said of the king - 1' in gen.: si-li tabum king's) protection and under the protection anaalijataris my comforting protection is cast of the Lady-of-Uruk ABL 451:11 f.; ina sil Sa over my city CH xl 46; ana si-li Aksak(?)[ki] idASSur u dMarduk uuzzata you stand under te(!)-ir-ba-am mamman la i-sa-si-is-[x] he the protection of Assur and of Marduk ABL entered into the protection of the city of 539 r. 10 (edict ofEsarh.), cf. ina GIS.MI Sa dBel Aksak, nobody can make claims against him dMarduk ABL 1089:6; in NA: ina sil-li CT 29 3a:14 (OB let.); ina si-il-li belija 2 SE dAlSur u ilanea Sa utakkiluninni under the GUR lulqema ana belija lukrub if I were aegis of Assur and my gods who encouraged allowed to take two gur of barley under the me ABL 1210 r. 6. protection of my lord, I would bless my lord 3' in personal names: Si-lu-ul-dDa-gan PBS 7 104:10 (OB let.); i-na zi-el-li-<lim>-Su Sa-lim-MI The-Protection-is-Safe, and other ebiramdda lu nikul let us enjoy an abundant crop under his (Mattiwaza's) protection KBo 1 3 r. 39, see BoSt 8 56:56; [a]ndku ina OAkk. names composed with s. sil-li belija [napi]tam lursi Into-the-Protection-of-Dagan Eames Coll. I 1; Si-lim-dS4-en UET 1 11:2 (OAkk.), and see, for MAD 3 191 (my lord, i.e., oi.uchicago.edu sillu 5c sillu Zimrilim, must not keep the irrigation water from me) so that I may obtain (my) living under the protection of my lord ARM 2 28:29, and cf. ina si-il-li belija (referring to Jasmah- GIS.MI-ia akul protection! ABL 925:7 (NB); may the son of the king, my lord, assume the throne of his father's house and I ina cua.MI-8U lamur nuru Addu) ARM 5 46:12; eqlati kirdti [nisi] Sa ina GIS.MI-ia [iqn]u fields, gardens (and) personnel which he acquired under my aegis ADD 646:21, also ibid. 647:21, 648:24 (all NA); (he appropriated for himself the fields) sa ina GIS.MI Sarri belija amhuru which I had received under the aegis of the king, my lord in NB and NA royal correspondence: ina GTS.MI sa sarriblija dikti ... 3' 5 6 aqtunu I acquired some five or six "souls" under the aegis of the king, my LU.ZI.MES lord ABL 1285 r. 22 (NA), cf. ammar sa abuja <ina> sil-li sarri iqnini as much as my father had acquired under the aegis of the king ABL 152:15 (NA); hursdn ittisunu k nilliku ina GIS.MI sa sarri nizzaka' when we went with them to the ordeal we cleared ourselves under the aegis of the king ABL 771 r. 9 (NB); lisdnati ma'dati ina GN ina GIS.MI Sarri belija people of many tongues (live) in Nippur under the aegis of the king, nini ina GI.MI Sarri belini ana daris baltanu we shall live forever under the aegis of the king, our lord ABL 886 r. 2 (NB); ina GIS.MI-ia lu baltata you will remain well under my aegis AAA 20 pl. 100 No. 106 r. 25 (NB let. of Asb.); note iunu lelini ina GIS.MI tabi danqi Sa sarri belija lidilu let them (the crown prince and his children) come (into the presence of the king) and move around under the pleasant and gracious sheltering influence of the king, my lord ABL 652 r. 3 (NA), aegis of the king, my lord ABL 892:7 (NB, coll.); ina GIS.MI-i[a] ta-bak(text -ri)-ki-iS ABL 400:10 (NB). my lord ABL 1000 r. 7; ina GIS.MI sarri blija ABL 238 r. 6 (NB); ibtani my name has become good under the idduku they inflicted a defeat under the aegis of the king, my lord become free under his aegis ABL 916:11 (NA), note also ina GIS.MI Sarrani abbe[k]a ABL 1248:5 (NB); s u-ma-a ina GIS.MI sarri belija you may mourn him under my protection BBSt. No. 10 r. 3 (NB kudurru). 2' plant, harvest, and fill the storage pits, and enjoy (them) under my in personal names: Sil-li-MAN KAV 160:16 (MA); Ina-GIS.MI-LUGAL Camb. 391:10, GIS.MI-LUGAL Nbk. 227:6, also BE 8 138:7. d) said of other highly placed persons: attama si-il-la ina muh qaqqadija tasakkan you (a high official) indeed extend protection over my head PBS 1/2 35:19 (MB let.); I went to meet them (deported people and cattle) dtasar attaharGIS.MI ussasbit mustered (them), accepted (them) and granted (them) protection ABL 167:12 (NA); lu Saknu lu sdpiru lu dajanu lu rubi ... si-il-li tabi elisu turus YOS 1 43:7, dupl. YOS 9 82:6, etc. (NB funerary inscr.); ensi ina GIS.MI danni u dannu ina GIS.MI ilisu ussd the weak (man) will lose the protection of the powerful (man), the powerful (man) the protection of his (personal) god TCL 6 3:17 (SB ext.), cf. CT 20 30 i 7 (SB ext.); Craig [s]AL NENNI asassu a-sib-ti GIS.MIABRT 1 4 i 12 (SB tamtu). Ad mng. 5: Oppenheim, JAOS 61 264 n. 67, BASOR 107 7ff. also GIS.MI sa sarri belija ina muhhi gabbi deq the sheltering influence of the king, my lord, is exceedingly pleasant ibid. 20; sarru beld ubtallitanni GIS. MI ina GN iddannu the king, my lord, has saved my life, they give me protection in sillu in §a silli s.; umbrella (as a royal symbol); NA, SB; wr. syll. with the dets. GIS and TUG, and Sa GIS.MI; cf. sullulu A. mar PN rab kasir sn semir hurdsi patar hurdsi TUG sa si-il-li res PN 2 ukalla the son of PN is (now) an army officer and waits on PN2 (wearing) a golden bracelet, a golden dagger (and carrying) the umbrella ABL ABL 456:12 (NB); ina GIS.MI Sarri 633:13 (NA), cf. (in broken context) [... T]jG Sa GIS.MI ABL 1343:3 (NA); he (the king of belija lirpis may (it, the family) become large under the aegis of the king, my lord ABL 852 r. 17 (NB); erese-si-du kalakkdti mul n ina Babylon) left behind his royal tent, the golden bed, the golden staff, the golden scepter, the silver (coated) chariot GIS Sd sil-li hurdsi u Nineveh 192 oi.uchicago.edu sillf A silli A tirinni kisadisu the golden umbrella and (even) the tirinnu (he wore around) his neck struck me was full of thorns (possibly belongs sub mng. 2, parallel: ziqdta labsat, see ziqtu A) Winckler Sar. pl. 34 No. 73:132; Lambert BWL 44:100 (Ludlul II), for comm., see lex. section; subdt UD. .KAM tulabbassisi-il-la- they brought to me chariots, processional cars IS sa sil-li the (royal) umbrella (the women of the king of Elam's harem, the furnishings of his palace) Streck Asb. 38 iv 64; ADD 978 ii 2. ti [...] 1 sa(!) GIS.MI The refs. from letters show that the umbrella was not part of the sa-sadadi car, as has been suggested, but an independent royal symbol carried by an attendant of the king and attested as early as Sargon of Akkad. See Nassouhi, "La stele de Sargon 1'Ancien," he was pricked by the thorn of a date palm Dream-book 329:61, RA 21 65f. ... is- "station" is as pointed as the tip of a thorn (or read appi sukurri tip of a spear) Boissier DA 11 i 13, also ibid. 14, TCL 6 3:32, cf. sums sulld CT 6 33a:12 (OB), pl. sillatu; wr. syll. and GIS.IGI.DU. da-la IGI.DI = sil-lu-4 Diri II 155, also, wr. si-i[l-lu-] Proto-Diri 112; [gii.I]GI.D = sil-lu-u, au-kur-ru Hh. VI 234f.; gis.IGI.D .gisimmar = sil(var. sil)-lu-u Hh. III 359; gis.IGI.Df .tur = da-al-la URUD.IGI.DU = sil-lu-u Diri VI E 69; [urud.I]GI.Df = sil-[lu-u], au-[kur-ru] Hh. XI 378f.; [IGI.DU UD.KA.BAR] = sil-lu-4, su-k[ur-ru] Hh. XII 102f., cf. IGI.NI UD.KA.BAR MSL 7 235:50 (OB Forerunner), IGI.NI kui.babbar ibid. 238:76. ki.sikil lud.gurus sig5 .ga IGI.DU.a.ni nu. [mu].un.du 8 .a : MIN (= ardatu) sa etlu damqu sil-la-sa la ipturu a woman whose pin a handsome man has not opened Bab. 4 pl. 4 (after p. 188) No. 2:21. sil-la-a-tu4 ka-ta-a-tu4 Lambert BWL 44:100 (Comm. to Ludlul II); [ed-de-e]t-tc, [pu-uq-d]a-t = si-lu-u LTBA 2 2:399 f.; pal-lu-uk-ku, hi-is-Sdnu(var. -mu), me-di-du = sil-lu-u Malku II 146ff. 1. thorn: - a) in gen.: Jumma amelu dikSa irszma kima sil-le-e u-dak-ka[s-su] if somebody feels a piercing pain and it stings him as if it were a thorn KAR 182:31; qasta Sa GIS.IGI.DU teppuS Ser'dn arrabi matan[sa ... ] you make a bow of a thorn, you [...] ma martum appasa kima si-il-li-im ed YOS 10 31 ii 18 (OB ext.), also kima tikip IGI.Di sima tukkup (if the liver) is spotted with red spots like pinpricks KAR 422 r. 33 (all SB ext.). b) referring to a disease: te = sa-ha-lum to prick, GIS.IGI.DU te.te = si-hi-il-ti GIS. IGI.DU (var. [sil]-li-e) prick of a thorn, gi te.te = MIN GI (var. [qd]-ni-e) same, of a reed, gi ra.ah = MIN GIS (var. [i-s]i-im) same, of wood BM 13128 ii 6'ff., (list of diseases), vars. from CT 19 4 K.207+ r. 6ff.; GIS.IGI.DIT bar.ra = me-hi-is GIS.IGI.DU (var. mi-hi-i-ti IGI.DI) BM 13128 ii 13', var. from PBS 12/1 13 iii 7. 2. pin, needle - a) as a fastening of a woman's garment: see Bab. 4, in lex. section; si-lu-sa Sa ina igdrim zaqpat sa PN her (the adoptive mother's) pin(?), which is in the wall, is PN's (too) Szlechter Tablettes 12 MAH 15913:29, cf. si-lu-sa ina igdrim CT 6 33a:12 (both OB leg.), see Kraus, BiOr 16 122b. its string of the sinew of a dormouse(?) (place it at the head of the sleeping man and woman) AMT 73,2:7 (sa.zi.ga-rit.); qinnazu ittanni malat sil-la-a-tu4 the whip (that) 13 GIS.IGI.DU they proved to be human) AnSt 5 102:71 (Cuthean Legend), cf. ibid. 64 and 65; Summa mans zdzu kima appi GIS.IGI.D zaqit if the silli A (sulld) s.; 1. thorn, 2. pin, needle, 3. (an iron tool); OB, Bogh., SB, NB; Nabnitu M 166; cf. hul(!)the thorn stung him ibid. 62; ina sil-le-e ashulma dame ittasiini I pricked (them) with a pin and blood came out (so (Weidner, AfO 11 312; Salonen Landfahrzeuge 64); Oppenheim, BASOR 107 8. sil-lu-u you clothe it (the figurine) in an everyday garment, thorns [...] KUB 37 64a r. 9 (Bogh. rit.), cf. subdt TvD..KAM haGmnu tulabbassi GIS.IGI.DU GISIMMAR tu-na-da-a[ssi] 4R 55 No. 1 r. 27 (SB Lamastu); summa GIS.IGI.DTu giimmarinendud if (in his dream) 193 b) other occ.: [...] X.IGI.MEs-i-n ina GIS.TGI.DU tutakkap you dot their .... with a pin(?) AMT 11,2:33, also ibid. 10,3 r. 2; for pin (or needle) made of metal, see Hh. XI and XII, in lex. section. oi.uchicago.edu sillf B simdatu 3. (an iron tool, NB only): 272 MA.NA AN. BAR gamru 4 sil-lu-u.MEs AN.BAR U 1 ri-x-x AN.BAR ... ana hape s ggusri 27 minas of iron, finished work (consisting of) four iron s.-s and one iron .... for hewing beams GCCI 1 187:2, cf. 101 MA.NA AN.BAR gamru 3 sil-lu.MES ibid. 75:2, [NI]-lu-ur-tc : U MIN ina 9-b[a-ri] ibid. 75, U mu-us-r[i] ibid. 76, also (right col. only) 40 82-5-22,576 r. 3ff. The term silurtu seems to be the Assyrian name for the chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus Low Flora 3 492) called sund in Babylonian. If the plant names wr. ka-NI-lu-ru, etc., have to be read kaz/sallur(t)u, there may exist a relation between this name and silurtu. also 5 MA.NA AN.BAR gamru 2 sil-lu.ME3 ibid. 130:2. For the "thorn of the date palm," used for carding, see kunsillu. (Meissner, ZA 17 249 n. 2.) siluitu s.; (mng. unkn.); sillf B s.; (a person afflicted with an eye [...] you chop these herbs fine in equal quantities, you [... them] in a s. AMT 9,1:14. [lu.igi.GIS.M]I.a = si-il-lu-4 OB Lu iv 42. See sillu mng. 3. simdatu (sindatu) s.; 1. royal decree, 2. (specific) royal regulation, 3. temple regulation (NB only); OB, NB; cf. samddu. OAkk., OA, a.bhd = zi-el-lu-lu = (Hitt.) is-[x]-x-na(?)-a-u[wa(?)-ar(?)] Izi Bogh. A 81; an.diul.dil (var. an.an.ddl) = si-lu-lum Silbenvokabular A 79. a) in gen.: di.dib.ba = si-in-da-tu (var. si-mi-it-tu) 1. royal decree - a) promulgation: wa-ar-ka-at MU Sumu-li-el(!) u Sumu-Jamutr ba<l> si-im-da-ta-am i-is(!)-ku-nu after the zi-il-lu-lu sa nisi a[zammur] in personal names: DINGIR-si-lu-li year when RN and RN 2 decreed a s. RA 52 217 No. 3:22; wa-ar-ka-atsi-im-da-tisa Su-mu- Iraq 5 173 No. 22 iii 1; d Sul-gi-si-lu-ul TCL 5 6047 r. ii end, etc., see Gelb, MAD 3 244; Si-lulu PA.TE.SI A-srki Balkan Observations p. 54:3 (OA seal). li-el (case adds 4 Sumu-e[mutbal]) is-ku-nu after the s. which RN and RN 2 decreed OECT 8 3:15; wa-ar-ki si-im-[da]-ti RA 54 39 No. 41 upper edge (line 23) (Sumu-jamutbal), also VAS 8 13 upper edge (line 18) (Sin-muballit year 9); ina si-im-da-at sarr[im] warktim PN silpu s.; (referring to a preparation of fish); OB*; cf. salapu. Beer, oil 10 KUg si-il-pu 20 KU 6 hi-si-i ten VAS 16 65:8 (OB, coll. Kocher). Ai. VII i 28. (incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. iii 28. b) SB.* [u.Hi].A anniti istenis tamarraq ina si-lu-te disease); lex.*; cf. sullulu A. silluilu s.; cover, protection; SB*; cf. sullulu A. MIN : CT 14 s.-fish, twenty pressed(?) fish u PN See salpu, referring to a technique for preserving fish. s. (sale of land) UET 5 253:10 (35th year of Rim-Sin), cf. (sale of prebend) ibid. 263:3 (no date preserved); warki si-im-da-at sarrim3.KAM.MA siltu see saltu. ana si-im-da-tim (mistake for izibtim, see = i-mir si-lu- (var. si-mit-tu4) Probably a mistake for simittu, q.v. silurtu s.; (a tree); plant list.* U DI.KU 5 .E.NE [...] ezibtu mng. Ib) 1 GAN silf s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* anse.nig.la Hh. XIII 360. 2 SE.NA.A : T si-lu-ur-td (between dulbu plane tree, and hahhu pear tree) Kdcher Pflanzenkunde 11 iv 13, of. aoIS.SE.NA, t ka-nir-hu (var. ka-NIlu-ri(text -hu)-t[r]) : o si-x-[.. .] (in same context) ibid. 1 iv 46'f., var. from CT 14 31 K.8846+r. 20, uY ka-nir-hu, 1T ma-a-ru sInG, i~ AE.NA.A : si-luur-tdt Kecher Pflanzcnkunde 12 iii 72ff., u ka- PN and PN 2 [went to] the judges on the basis of the second royal GIs.SAR izimma he left one iku of the (sold) garden as a "remainder" after the (promulgation of the) third royal s. VAS 13 81:9 (41st year of Rim-Sin); inea swirisa na-ar-ki si-im-da-at Sarrim isam (PN, a naditu) bought (a slave girl and an ox) with her "ring-money" after the (promulgation of the) royal s. CT 8 35b:8 (Hammurapi). b) actions taken on the basis of the decree: ana pihat )~.KISLATH sG si-im-da-at sarrim sa PN ana PN2 iddinu as compensation for the house plot which PN has given to PN2 , re- 194 oi.uchicago.edu simdatu simdatu quired by the royal s. TCL 10 76:2, cf. ibid. 67:2 (both Larsa); ana pihat bitim ... sa ... PN isamu ana si-im-da-at sarrim x KU. BABBAR ... iddin PN gave (the seller) x you not know that the s. concerning absentee silver as compensation for the house that he side) for me (only)? TCL 17 21:29 (let.). had bought, according to the royal s. TCL 10 132:6, cf. ibid. 105:11 (Larsa); E ana PN ... ana b) referring to tariffs (only in CH): <se'am> u samassammi ana mdhiratiSunu sa kaspisu u si-im-da-at sar-ri is-ku-us-sum he settled(?) the house on PN according to the royal s. sibtisu ... field holder(s) is (still) valid ? VAS 16 75:6 (let.); si-im-[da]-tum ana jdsim ahitam sa-ni-a-at has the s. been set aside (lit. changed to the ana KA si-im-da-at sarrim ana tamkdrim inaddin he will pay the merchant (i.e., the creditor) in barley and sesame equivalent to the market value of the silver and VAS 13 82:7 (Larsa); ana eqlim tasanniq ina si-im-da-tim ina manahtika usellika if you occupy the field (in which I have invested), I will oust you from your investment ac- the interest on it established by the royal tariff CH § 51:64; kima si-im-da-[at] sarrim [tamkdrum] ana MAS.BI ma-la SE-ma ileqqi (if the debtor cannot pay in silver) the creditor cording to the s. Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 p. 32 No. 976 r. 2 (translit. only); GIS.SAR PN assum si-imda-at Sarrim ibquru 8 GfN KU.BABBAR GIS.SAR must take his interest in barley according libbasu tab the (date) orchard of PN to which he asserted a claim on the basis of the royal to the royal tariff CH § M 16 (in Driver and Miles Babylonian Laws 2 38). c) referring to court proceedings: napi: turn si-im-da-at sarrim it is a capital case, jurisdiction is with the king Goetze LE § 58:28; s., he obtained satisfaction by (receiving) eight shekels of silver for the orchard YOS 8 52:3 (= Grant Bus. Doc. 23); asSum GIS.SAR Sa PN ... PN 2 ana si-im-da-at sarri ibquruma ana dajani illikuma PN2 asserted a claim to dinam kima si-im-da-ti sa mahrika ibassi qibisimma give her a verdict according to the the orchard of PN on the basis of the royal s. s.-s which are before you PBS 7101:24; summa and went to the judges Jean Tell Sifr 58:3, cf. ibid. 22:4, and Strassmaier Warka 23:7 (all from Kutalla); note with ina: ina si-im-da-at Sarrim PN eqlam PN2 ibqur VAS 7 7:4 (Dilbat). tuppam su'ati dajani uktallim si-im-da-ta-am ittiqunikkum if he shows this tablet to the judges, they will bypass the pertinent s. for you (i.e., will render a verdict against you) 2. (specific) royal regulation - a) in gen.: si-im-da-atsarrim kima tidima eqlum smdtum turra you know that the royal s. (says), "The purchased field is to be returned (to the Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 p. 29 No. 948 r. 6, cf. ina buyer)" TCL 7 56:9; ul tidia kima ina si-im- da-at belija auatum ana pi kankisu 1 SILA se'a la ihhabbald do you not know that, according to the s. of my lord (the king), the wording of a sealed document cannot be infringed upon even by the amount of one sila of barley? UCP 9 343 No. 19:21; assum 1 MA.NA 5 GIN KU.BABBAR Sa PN PN 2 ana PN 3 [si]-im-da-at belija itteq (see etequ A mng. 3b) Genouillac Kich 2 D 24 r. 9 (= RA 53 34), of. ibid. r. 4; lissunisunti dinam kima si-im-da-tim suhissunuti let them summon (the parties) and institute legal proceedings for them in accordance with the s. JCS 11 106:14, cf. awat PN amrama dinam kima si-im-da-at belija siuhizanim TCL 18 130:8, dinam kima si-imda-at belija isaris shissu YOS 2 6:11, cf. also ibid. 25:8, warkatam purusma kima si-im-datim [dinam siuh]issuniti TCL 1 2:24, also LIH asqul iqbu PN 2 PN 3 a-nam u-sa-pa-alPN 3 4-ul u-sa-pa-al-ma ki-ma si-im-da-tim PN2 [ana] PN i-x-a-x concerning x silver belonging note di-nam kima si-im-da-tim (end of docu- to PN, (concerning) which PN2 declared, "I have paid it to PNs"- PN, must get PN3 's d) referring to transactions between private persons - 1' hire of harvesters: ul illakma corroboration, if he does not get PN 3's corroboration, PN, will repay(?) (it) to PN according to the s. YOS 12 236:10; kima si-imda-at ilsakkim duppurim ba'lat ul td[e] do kima si-im-da-at LUGAL 13* 19:12, VAS 16 138:12 and 19, 142:11 (all letters), ment) VAS 16 80 r. 1. if (the hired har- vester) does not come (in the harvest month, the penalty will be) according to the royal s. CT 33 46a:11, cf. BE 6/1 111:9, 6/2115:10, kima 195 oi.uchicago.edu simdatu simdu A Landsberger, Symb. Koschaker 225ff.; Driver si-im-da-at sarri Grant Smith College 262:9, also Meissner BAP 22:10, VAS 7 60:11 and 76:10, and Miles Babylonian Laws 1 17ff.; Kraus Edikt 194ff. Pinches, PSBA 19 132:10, Lautner Personenmiete frontispiece VAT 805:14, also Szlechter Tablettes simdu A (sindu) s.; 1. bandage, 2. team p. 109:13, also (referring to the hire of a team (of draft animals), 3. brickwork, 4. arrangement, regulation; of oxen with driver) ibid. p. 119 MAH 16.305:11, from OAkk., OB on, and VAS 7 87:9; ul il-li-ku si-im-da-at sarrim Akkadogram in Bogh.; pl. simdeti (see mng. 1) kaspam isaqqal if he (the harvester) does not come, it is under royal jurisdiction, he will pay and sindu (mngs. 2-4); the silver JCS 11 28 No. 17 r. 2, cf. ul illakuma si-im-da-at sarrim TCL 1 158:21, cf. also ul nig.ked = si-im-du (gloss) PBS 5 151:5 (ProtoIzi); em.la = tdg.nig.la = si-in-[du] Emesal Voc. II 171, cf. [tug. .. .] = [si]-in-du Hh. XIX 297; [tdg.bar.si.x] = [pa-as-ka(?)]-rum = si-indu, [tdg.bar.si.x] = (blank) = MIN gd LT.A.ZU Hg. B V i 5f., also Hg. D 408f. nam.gig.ga.bi.se tdg. m.la.a.ta nu.sed 7 . : ana marugtisu ina si-in-di ul indh for his illness he cannot get relief with a bandage 4R 22 No.2:12f.; ni.ki.la.a an.tag.ge.ne : si-im-daat-su-nu a-aq-la (the singers' voices are in unison) their arrangement is balanced PBS 1/1 No. 11 r. 85 and 53 (OB lit.). a-gi-id-du-s, nab-du-u, nig-lal-tum, ma-ak-su-u, ma-ak-ra-ku, bi-is-rum, zap-pu, ID-e-tum = si-in-du sd A.ZU Malku VI 143ff.; nig-lal-lum = MIN sa [... ] ibid. 150a; a-git-tu-u = sin-du id A.ZU Malku VIII 56, cf. a-gi-it-tu-u = si-in-du sd A.ZUC CT 18 9 K.4233+ ii 34; si-in-du, u-pu-u = kak-ka(var. -kd)bu Malku II 102f., see mng. 4. Malku VIII 56) il-li-ik-[x] si-im-da-at a[r-ri-im] (in broken context) TCL 1 191:2', si-im-da-at LUGAL ibid. 118:10, BIN 7 185:9, VAS 8 111:10, VAS 9 3:10, CT 6 44c:11, ZA 36 99No. 9:9, Gautier Dilbat 59 r. 3, 60 r. 3, Szlechter Tablettes 107 MAH 16.651:12, wr. si-im-da-AN LUGAL Meissner BAP 57:16. Note ul ill[aluma] si-im-da-at LUGAL itti salmim u kinim kaspam ileqqi (loan of silver to hired men) VAS 9 31:14, note also, referring to the hire of a substitute for corve work (harrdnsarrim) VAS 7 47:16, also BA 5 427 No. 19:11. 2' in sales contracts (with ref. to slaves and animals) - a' slaves: ana baqrisa kima siim-da-at LUGAL izzaz he will be responsible according to the royal s. to anybody who claims her (the slave girl sold) VAS 7 50:14, also ibid. 53:17, CT 33 41:14, also TCL 1 147:18, 156:18, Meissner BAP 3:17, CT 8 27a:18. b' animals: ana baqrisu kima si-im-da-at sarrim izzaz he will be responsible to anyone who claims it (the ox) according to the royal s. VAS 16 206:14, also BIN 7 207:12, Waterman Bus. Doc. 33:13, BIN 7 208:14, 209:13, Riftin 26:14; kima si-im-[da-atLUGAL] MCS 2 28 No. 4 r. 3, (exceptionally, real estate) MAOG 4 292:28. wr. syll. (sin-du and NIG.LA ; cf. samddu. de 1. bandage: 1 TUG zi-im-dum Gelb OAIC 35:9, see MAD 3 245; simmam marsam sa la ipassehu asim qiribsu la ilammadu ina si-imdi la unahhusu (may Ninkarrak cause to erupt on his limbs) a painful sore that does not heal, whose nature the physician cannot diagnose, which he cannot relieve with bandages CH xliv 61, cf. 4R 22, in lex. section; if the SAG.KI.DIB.BA-disease ina pan si-in-di u Sipti la ipparras does not cease throughtreatments 3. temple regulation (NB only): ki-i si-in- with bandages and conjuration(s) AMT 102:2; itti napsalti u si-in-di sa SAG.KI.DIB.X.X SAG. KI.MES-S4 taptanassastasammidyou salve and broken context, bandage his temples with the ointment and YOS A chronological arrangement of the refs. mentioning simdatu may be found in Kraus the bandage for the SAG.KI.DIB.BA-disease(?) ibid. 35; 9 si-in-di a SU.GIDIM.MA (these) nine drugs are (to be used in) a bandAMT age against the "hand-of-a-ghost" an arrangement ac- 99,2 iii 4+ 1,4:5, cf. 7 U.HI.A si-in-di SU.GIDIM. da-a-ti E.KUR [...] (in referring to a sheep-slaughtering case) T.HI.A 7 128:29. Edikt 196ff. and 224ff., cording to the type of legal document in This MA AMT 102:40; inaTUG si-in-[di] (in broken context) AMT 6,1 :6; enqitisi-im-de-ti liqerribu article arranges the refs. according to the situations in which the simdatu applies. may the sages apply (lit. bring close) the bandages AMT 9,1 ii 28 (inc.), see Landsberger, Driver and Miles Babylonian Laws 1 17ff. 196 oi.uchicago.edu simdu B simdu A JNES 17 57; for sindu Sa ast, see lex. section, and for refs. wr. NiG.LA or LAL.MES, see nass mattu. 2. team (of draft animals): UD 2 ana si-imdi-im two days for a team (added up as malak GUD.HI.A line 12) UCP 10 163 No. 94:5 (OB Ishchali); 4 si-[i]m-du Sa hu-mu-li-im four (obscure) ARM 7 161:10; RN teams for .... 100 si-im-ti sise ... ittanandin Sunassura manifest (in them) OIP 2 103 v 29, and dupls. ibid. 94:64, Sumer 9 152 v 59 (Senn.), note the explanation si-in-du, Ju-pu-u = kakkabu (preceded by synonyms of samu) Malku II 102 f.; riksatija la ipattarla inni si-in-du-4-a (my successor) shall not make invalid what I have decreed (or) change my regulations VAB 4 176 x 17 (Nbk.); see also PBS 1/1 No. 11, in lex. section. shall furnish (in case of war) one hundred teams of horses (and 1,000 foot soldiers) simdu B (sindu) s.; 1. three seahs, 2. measure of three seahs' capacity; OA, OB, KBo 1 5 iv 21 (treaty); Si-IM-TI GUD.HI.A a NB; absolute state simid; wr. syll. and AS team of oxen Friedrich Gesetze II § 51, cf. (i.e., 3 BAN), in mng. 2 with det. cGI; cf. SI-IM-TUM G[UD.H]I.A ibid. § 44; si-in-di-ia samadu. ustesera aksu[ra u§]manni I prepared my Ninurta) lead his choice stallions aright, keep ba-an-mi-in PA (i.e., 2 BAN) = sit-ti sa-a-ti, ba-anes A9 (i.e., 3 BAN) = si-mi-id, si-mid As = MIN (followed by erbi sati, hamis sati) Ea I 320ff.; [...] NINDAXX = si-in-du A VII/1:21 and 43, also [...] NINDAXE = si-in-[du] ibid. 50; [gis.As], gis.As. ninda, gis.ninda.1a = si-im-du Hh. VII A 215ff.; dug.ba-a-eAS = si-in(var. -Fiml)-du (for the var. si-in-du-u, see sindi) Hh. X 25. [gis.ban.As].6.a.ta = ina GI9.BAN si-mid biti, [gis.ban.Ar].kar.ra.ta = MIN si-mid ka-[r]i Ai. III i 25f. safe his teams OIP 38 131 No. 5:6 (Sar.); si-i[n]-da GIS.GIGIR [Sar ildni] srtu the team 1. three seahs: se'am 10 AS las'am I will buy ten s.-measures of barley CCT 3 24:37, of the great chariot of the king of the gods see Landsberger, JNES 8 256 n. 43; si (abbrevi- teams, I set my camp in order Lie Sar. 272, cf. ibid. 58:15, also OIP 2 50:19 (Senn.); narkabdti sumbi eura sse pare isniqa si-in-di-Ju he mustered his chariots and wagons (and) checked the horses and mules of his teams OIP 2 43 v 43 (Senn.), also nakru Elamu usesir si-in-di-sc JTVI 29 89:30, see MVAG 21 90; mur nisqsu sutesira sullima si-in-di-su (i.e., Marduk) AfO 13 205:28 (Asb.); (0 i-bir si- ation for simid, beside BAN) RA 44 117 B 3, etc.; in-di-ia (disease?) lamed my teams (parallel for 5 si added up as 1 PA, probably for 1 parisu, mir nisqija) 3R 38 No. 2 r. 61, see Tadmor, JNES 17 138:12'. see Thureau-Dangin, ibid. 115 (OB Qatna). 2. measure of three seahs' capacity - a) in OB: 33gurofbarley gis.ba.an AS kar. 3. brickwork: summa NiG.LA ikkis if he cuts through the brickwork (of the house) KAR 177 ii 3, followed by: summa istu gusuri NfG.LA ikkis if he cuts through the brickwork from the beams (down?), Jumma KA kullumute ibid. 5 and 8, dupl. RSO 32 196 VAT 10375:14f. (iqqur-pus), explained by sd KA [.. .] lu-u ap-ta [... ] BRM 4 24:84 (iqqur-zpus with comm.); ekallu ... iqipma uptattiru siNIG.LA ikkis in-du-Su the palace had become dilapidated, its brickwork had fallen apart VAB 4 212 ii 22 (Ner.). 4. arrangement, regulation: Ja ultu ulld itti sitir burumm israssu esretma siip si-indu-su (Nineveh) whose design, since the beginning of time, had been outlined by the stars of the sky and whose arrangement was re Jean Sumer et Akkad 182:5, cf. Ai. III i 25f., in lex. section, also TCL 11 149:19; x gur (of barley) Sa in GIS.BA AS immaddu measured by the parSiktu (or seah) of one s. (parallel: Sa ina GIS.BA.Ri.GA MU.DU immaddu line 8f.) TCL 11 165:5; 70 GUR suluppu GIS.AS nams hartim Boyer Contribution 205:2, also BIN 2 96:2, YOS 12 66:2, etc.; GIS.AS dMarduk TCL 11 153:2, Boyer Contribution 130:2, GIS.AS A TCL 1 167:1, and passim. b) in NB: 3 AS.MES zeru three s.-measures of grain Pinches Berens Coll. 110 r. 8, cf. As SE.NUMUN ibid. 2 and r. 6, [x] A§.MES ibid. r. 2 (NB list of offerings); 1-en vD.KA.BAR muahct hinu Sa AS VAS 6 246:5, also Nbk. 426:2, Nbn. 241:2, Dar. 301:7, for a parallel see: 1-en UD. 197 oi.uchicago.edu simittu simittu si-im-da-at damdammika u siseka ana akitim lird[ini]m let them drive hither your teams of mules and horses for the Akitu-festival musahhinu sa talammu one cooking pot of one talammu's capacity VAS 6 246:6, KA.BAR also Nbn. 258:11. ARM 1 50:11; For practical reasons, units of measure are not collected in the CAD when they merely denote quantities. Therefore, the refs. in which the sign AS (a symbol indicating three times one BAN, i.e., three seahs) denotes quantities of barley, dates, oil, and beer, or is used as a surface measure, have not been cited. 5 si-mi-it-ta Sa sise ana ahija ultebila I have sent five teams of horses to my brother EA 7:58 (MB), cf. 5 LA Sa sise Sa 5 narkabdti GIS.MES ibid. 9:37 (MB), 5 nars kabatu 5 si-mi-it-tu4 sise EA 17:40 (list of gifts of Tusratta), cf. ibid. 19:84 (list of gifts of Tusrat- ta), and, wr. si-mi-it-tum ibid. 37:9 (let. of the king of Cyprus); 4 si-mi-it-tu4 sise four teams of horses (a total of eight horses) Weissbach, ZA 41 279. AASOR 16 100:13 (Nuzi), cf. HSS 16 99:2, 149:2, simittu s.; 1. crosspiece of a yoke, 2. team (usually a pair, of draft animals), 3. (animal) trained to go in harness, 4. pair of objects, 5. (an architectural term), 6. bundle of silver scrap; from OB on; pl. simddtu; wr. also x barley ana sise [sa?] si-me-et-tu4 Sa PN HSS 16 236:15, also ana 14 si-mi-id-dui anzan nu sise HSS 16 443:2; 36 chariots Sa 3 si-mi-ittu 4 GIS.GIGIR.MES istena sariamsunu each of the three teams for the chariots has one coat of mail HSS 15 82 r. 16; barley 4 si-mi-it-tu4 syll. and LA, NIG.LA; cf. samddu. a la-al LAL = [s]i-mit-t[u] S Voc. Q 23; [si-ir] = sd KA.SIR s[i-m]i-[it-tum} -A VIII/2:12; [...] = [...] sd si-mit(!)-t[i] Nabnitu O 215; anse.nig.la = i-me-ri si-mit-tum Hh. XIII 360; gis.erin. gigir = si-mi-it-tu Hh. V 48; [gi.gur.hub.nig. 1l] = hup-pi si-mit-te (obscure) MSL 7 p. 36 Hh. IX Gap A b 4. ANSE.KUR.RA.MES KU HSS 16 149:2 and ibid. 99:2; 2 si-«si -mi-it-ti GIa.[GIGIR].MES igkari istu GN ... ana ubartisa GN nadnu two teams for chariots, delivery from Nuzi, given to the guests from GN HSS 15 84:1, cf. 2 si-mi- it-tu4 GIS.GIGIR.MES istu iskarati SMN 2685:1 [9 nig(?)].erin.na dUtu.kex(KID) : [9 sa si](unpub.), cf. 83 si-mi-it-tu4 GIS.GIGIR.MES mi-it-te dSamas nine (genii) belonging to the team of HSS 15 94:1; 5 si-mi-it-[tu4 ... ] 5 Lf.ME S a Samas KAV 64 iv 25f. (list of gods); si-mi-it-tud ANSE.KUR.[RA] HSS 15 54:1, also ibid. 5 (all SU.UR // sd E.GAL ip-par-ra-as // ER[iN // si-mit-tl] si-mit-td // um-ma si-mit-tit id [ekalli ipparras] Nuzi); 1 NiG.LAsirpi usalmu one pair (of foals), Tablet Funck 2 r. 4f. (Alu Comm.). (one) brown and (one) black BE 14 12:2, the 1. crosspiece of a yoke: see Hh. V, in lex. section; 20 si-mi-id-du GIS halwadru twenty pairs added up as, e.g., naphar 7 NIG.LA yokes of halmadru-wood HSS 15 96:1 and 6, and passim in Nuzi made of halmadru, q.v.; 4 si-mi-it-tu4 narkabdtu iStu bit nakkamti PN u PN, ustesi PN and PN2 withdrew four yokes for chariots from the storehouse HSS 13 276:1; 10 NIG.GID.DA.GIGIR (= masaddu) 10 x bubutu GIS.GIGIR 1[0 si-m]i-i[t]-t[u]m GIS.GIGIR ten chariot poles, ten axles, ten crosspieces (followed by sassu footboard and niru yoke) EA 22 iv 38, of. ibid. 33, also ibid. 40f. (list of gifts of Tusratta). 2. team (usually a pair, of draft animals) - a) in econ.: twenty silas of barley ana 1 si-mi-it-tim (beside forty silas for four horses) Iraq 7 54 A.972 (OB Chagar Bazar), cf. ibid. 42, also naphar 6 NIG.LA sise Balkan Kassit. Stud. p. 17 No. 5:7, cf. also BE 14 43:2ff.; kurummat 2 NIG.LA sise ibid. 56a: 11, cf. ibid. 17, see Balkan Kassit. Stud. p. 12ff., and passim in MB texts from Nippur; mimma massita eriq: qasu GIS.LA-u imersu u amelasu la nas (that) his wagon, his team, his donkey or his people be not requisitioned for corvee work MDP 2 pl. 21 ii 51 (MB kudurru). b) in lit.: mir nisqZ silt imrdunu kulu ana si-mit-ti ajdbi irreddd the steeds who have eaten the fodder (illegally requisitioned) from them (the citizens of the exempted cities) will be led away to the enemy's team Lambert BWL 112:34 (Fiirstenspiegel), cf. si-in-da-at alpA[unu] upattaruma if he unyokes their barley ana 3 si-im-da-tim (15 silas for each) teams of oxen ibid. 48 A.929, cf. also ibid. 49 A.938, 55 A.979; iptima asi sihru u taru szmat tdhazi la 198 ibid. 38; sizrusun halla la oi.uchicago.edu simittu simittu kullumu suptur si-mit-tu (the foals) had not been mounted, had not been taught the art of advancing, turning, and turning again in battle, had not been assigned to teams TCL 3 173 (Sar.); sa sa-an-da-ti 7 labbu sa ... Urukaja ... text, 2 NIG.LA istamdi siparri ibid. 3, 2 NIG. LA magarru two pairs of wheels PBS 2/2 81:8, and passim in this text, 2 NIG.LA siriamSa sise PBS 2/2 99:4, cf. 2 NIG.LA iskamdi ibid. 2, 2 NIG.LA sihi ibid. 8, 2 NfG.LA KUS ba-zi-harzi ibid. 9, 2 <NiG.LA> Sahuma ibid. 10 (all MB, referring to equipment of horses or chariots). ipturu si-mi-it-tus (Istar) who (is represented with) seven lions harnessed (to her chariot), whose team the people of Uruk unharnessed VAB 4 274 iii 22 (Nbn.); b) NIG.LA ippussu (if) a team knocks him down TCL 6 9 r. 14, cf. umdm sandu ippussu a harnessed animal bowls him over ibid. 15 (Akitu omens); a-di ANSE si-mit-ti-ka (in broken context, addressing Samas) Ebeling Handerhebung 70 r. 2. also 3R 2' other occs.: 2 si-mi-id-du sa[tinni] sa two pairs of satinnu-cloths that PN gave to PN 2 to PN ana mahdsi ana PN 2 [iddin] 8 ii 102 (Shalm. 36 (Sar.), and passim in Tigl. I, Adn. II, Asn., Samsi-Adad V, Shalm. III, Sar., cf. sise si-mitti nrisu Winckler Sar. pl. 26 No. 55:332 (= Lie Sar. 411), Borger Esarh. 44 i 64; szse KUR weave AASOR 16 1:33, cf. ibid. 27; 5 si-mi- id-du sa du-ti-wa sa mar-ta-[du] HSS 13 431:44 (= RA 36 204f.), cf. (in broken context) ibid. 30f., cf. 10 si-mi-it-tu4 tu-ti-wa.MEs tamkarhu HSS 14 247:27, also (referring to misarratu and ku-tu-ni-wa) ibid. 32f. c) in MA: 10 MA.NA SE.SEN.SIG 5 (?) ana 1 si-mi-te su pi ri ten minas of paint (for SE.GIN?) for one s. .... KAJ 217:2, cf. 5(text Ed) si-me-tu ku-tu-[ni-wa( ?)] KAJ 266:6. 5. (an architectural term): si-im-mi-it-tu ittikis he cut through the s. ABL 951:9 (NA); Musuri si-mit-ti niri rabute full-grown Egyptian horses broken to the harness for a similar term, see simdu A mng. 3. 6. bundle of silver scrap (OB Mari): ina Winckler Sar. pl. 24 No. 51 last line, and passim in Sar.; lasmiti mir nisqi si-mit-ti rukubija the swift harness-broken steeds of my chariot adi ... referring to items of RA 36 184:12, and passim in this text. III), sise si-in-da-at nri adi tillisunu draft horses, together with their harnesses TCL 3 OIP 2 46 vi 6 (Senn.); 1' x tapalu sariamsa LU and istenutu parassannu) 3. (animal) trained to go in harness (mostly with niru, lit. only): sise si-im-daat nirija lu ikli they held back the harnessbroken horses due to me (as tribute) KAH 2 84:96 (Adn. II), cf. sis LA-at iri 1R 31 iii 66 (Samsi-Adad V), in Nuzi - harness: 1 si-mi-it-tum KUS asatu one pair of reins HSS 13 195:9, cf. JEN 527:26, HSS 14 616:29; 3 si-mi-it-ti sariamsa [sise] (beside 120 narkabate 22 MA.NA 6 GIN KU.BABBAR ina NA4.HI.A(!) NIG.SU.LUGAL KI.LA.BI 4 [hu-ull-la-tim 4 su: pratim 8 kanezarrdtim u 3 GIN KU.BABBAR simi-it-tim ih-ha-li-is-ma 13 GIN KIU.BABBAR si-mit-ti nirisunu alqasunutima I took them (4,000 Hittite soldiers), together with their imti from the 156 shekels of silver (con120 chariots, and harness-broken horses AKA sisting of) four rings, four claw-shaped 49 iii 4 (Tigl. I), cf. ummanatisu narkabatisu ornaments, eight kanezarru's and three LA-U assuha ibid. 359 iii 45 (Asn.); sullime shekels of silver scrap bundled together (cf. mur nisqi si-in-da-at nir[isu] keep well (0 the use of rakasu in line 14, and see riksu), Nana) his harness-broken steeds BA 5 629 iv weighed by the weight-stone used for royal 22 (= Craig ABRT 1 54); DN si-mit-ti nirisu property, there was a loss of one and twolipturma lisbiraabsansu may Ningal unyoke thirds shekels of silver after it was melted his animals harnessed to his yoke and break down(?) ARM 8 89:7. his yoke JAOS 38 169 r. 20 (= Streck Asb. 292). 4. pair of objects (MB, MA, Nuzi) - a) in MB: 2 NIG.LA sahumaS siparri talpittu two pairs of bronze sahuma, .... PBS 2/2 49:1, simittu in Sa muhhi sindata s.; custodian of the teams; NB*; cf. samddu. ana PN apilu sa PN 2 sa muhhi si-in-da-ata nadin it was given to PN, the son of PN,, cf. 2 NiG.LA adti who is in charge of the teams Camb. 322:15. ibid. 54:4, and passim in this 199 oi.uchicago.edu simmu sinnarbubtu simmu (a disease) see simmu. lazuli and the s.-stone which were used there simru A s.; riches, treasure; SB*; cf. summuru. musabSi si-im-ri u kubutte who brings about riches and profusion (with comm. zI = ba-su-I, KU = si-im-ru, connecting this function of Marduk to his name dzI.Kt) En. el. VII 21, cf. [musabsi si]-im-ri kubutte AfO 19 were brought from Sogdia MDP 21 pl. 2 J:26+ pl. 3 L+M:26, see MDP 21 p. 8:26, MDP 24 p. 107:15, and Herzfeld API p. 15. The Elamite text MDP 21 pl. 4ff. has si-in- qa-ab-ru-is, see Hinz, JNES 9 Iff., the Old Pers. has sinkabru- for which see Kent Old Persian p. 209b 62:12 (hymn to Marduk). (with literature). sinhu s.; excrement; lex.; cf. sandhu. simru B s.; distension(?); SB*; cf. semeru. IM ina si-im-ri-u because of his distension(?) [he is inflated with] wind (in broken context) Labat TDP 48 E i 8. simtu s.; (a type of beer); lex.* KAA.BUR = rsil-im-ti Practical Vocabulary Assur 179. [bi-e] D IRXME = zu-u = (Hitt.) za-ak-kar, [...] si-in-hu = (Hitt.) sal-bi-is excrement Sa Voc. H 9'f., for the sign-forms see MSL 3 p. 60. Landsberger, ZA 41 223. U+DPR = sinnah tiri s.; (an intestinal disease or its characteristic symptom); SB*; cf. sandhu. summa KI.MIN-ma u isannaha ana si-inna-ah ti-ri itursum if ditto (i.e., if a man's sindatu see simdatu. lips [... ]), and he voids blood, (and) it (the sindetu s. pl. tantum; fittings; lex.*; cf. samddu. terized by) sinnah tiri AMT 26,8:10 and 23,10:8, and see Thompson, PRSM 1928 63. gis.har(var. adds .ra).apin = si-mir-tu Hh. V 171 in MSL 6 p. 20. disease) turns into (that called or charac- Referring to ring-shaped fittings of the plow. A variant plural form of simittu, specialized in this technical meaning. sindu see siddu, simdu A and B. sindu s.; earthen container of one simdu capacity; NB; wr. syll. andAS-; cf. samddu. duk.ba-a-e6AS (var. duk.ba'eiAS) = si-in-du-[d] (for var. simdu, see simdu B) Hh. X 25. 2 si-in-du-u (among containers delivered by the potter) RAcc. 6 iv 32; 1-en si-in-du-u sa himetu one s.-container of ghee Nbk. 188:2, si-in-du-i KAS DUG.GA Nbk. 233:2; 1-en DUG A[]-1r41a i.GI sa-ah-tu one earthen s.-container of drawn oil PBS 1/2 of. 1-en AS-u ikar BE 10 128:1 and 8, PBS 2/1 136:1 and 8, TuM 2-3 191:1 and 7, 194:17; two shekels of silver ana 3 DUG si-in89:5 (let.), di-IA (Kraus, AfO 11 230.) si-in-de-tu, UET 4 122:22. sinnarabu see sinnarbu. sinnarbu (sinnarabu) s.; (a locust); lex.*; cf. senu A adj. and erbu. buru 5 = e-re-bu, buru5 .sag, buru5 .gal = si-inna-ra-bu (var. si-in dr-bu) Hh. XIV 227ff.; [di-im] DIM = [s]i-in-nar-bu A VIII/2:120; la-ah UD = si-in-na-<ra>-bu A III/3:101. A kind of locust which was a field pest, the term composed of senu (sennu), "evil," and erebu (erbd, arbi), "locust." For sennu erebu, "evil locust," see senu A adj. usage b. Landsberger Fauna 122. sinnarbubtu s.; node of a reed; Bogh.* gi.a.[x x], gi.gis.gi, gi.bar.ra, gi.sal.dim, gi.dim, gi.nig.sa.hi.a, gi.ama.Io.us.a = sina-ar-bu-ub-tum (followed by taritum) Hh. VIII 123-129 (coll.). [...] se-en-na-ar-bu-ub-tasa of a .... singabrf s.; (a precious stone, carnelian?); LB; foreign word. NA4.ZA.GIN u NA4 s[i]-in-ga-[ab]-ru-4 sa akanna eps~u ultu KIUR Sugdu nad the lapis GI li-x [x x] a-tar ta-ri-ti Sa pani tasakkan [you take] a s. reed, you place [...] at the point where the frontal taritu(-leaf sprouts) KUB 37 70:2, and dupl. 69:6, cf. muhhi si-in-na-arbu-ub-ti [...] tahammima you split the top of the s. ibid. 70:7 and 69:11 (rit.). 200 oi.uchicago.edu sinnatu A sipirtu A The Bogazkoy ritual refers to the making of a substitute female figurine out of a sinnarbubtu which, according to the Hh. equivalents, seems to be the part of a reed between two nodes and the node itself. sinnatu A (sinnetu) s.; (a wood-wind or wooden percussion musical instrument); SB. [gis.x (x)] = [si-in-ni-tum], gis.[...], gis. URI.KI, giS.KAB, giS.PA, giS.PA.PA = MIN Hh. VIIB 110-116, giS.PA.PA.A..pa.na = ta-pa-a-[lu] natu represents a WSem. form of hassinnu, "ax," which appears in Heb. as garzen. Landsberger, MSL 6 119f. sinnatu B (sinnetu) s.; halter; NB.* gis.f-riURI.KI = si-in-ni-tan (preceded by appatn, serratan) Hh. VI 57; [u]-ri GI§.URI = si-enni-tan (in same context) Diri III 8; gis-pa RU = si-na-ta-a[n] MSL 2 140 C r. i 3' (Proto-Ea). KUS.TAB.BA a4 sa ina im-bu-ti Sa si-in-nati taqbd umma amur usebilakka (concerning) ibid. 117; gis.PA, gis.PA.PA = si-i[n-ni-tum] (among musical instruments) RA 17 165 K.9922 ii 15f. (= Nabnitu XXXII), cited MSL 6 p. 119. those nose ropes which are in(?) the .... st samm se-bi-ti u kanzabi sa malili si-inni-ti u arka[ti] those (who play) the lyre, the small harp and the clapper, the (players) of the flute, of the s., and of the "long (pipes)" The only ref. in texts is the NB let. above; elsewhere the word serretu, q.v., is used. For the pertinent discussion, see serretu. Since serretu and sinnitu occur side by side only in the vocabularies, the two words may be phonetic variants, the more so since among the Sum. equivalents of the homonym sinnitu, "musical instrument," those of serretu, "halter," also occur, see sinnitu A. Craig ABRT 1 55 i 8; si-in-na-tu dlstar sa sabi rigimsa O Istar, s. whose voice resounds (cf. malilu halil sa rigimsu tabu line 6) Craig ABRT 1 15 K.2001:2, see TuL p. 50:31; GI.GID si-in-na-tam sa hursa ahzu ... ana dDumuzi taqdS you present to Dumuzi a flute (and) a s.-instrument which are set with gold LKA 70 i 18, see TuL p. 50, cf., wr. GI si-inna-ta KAR 357:11; li-is-si s[i-i]n-na-ti Ad- pal-ki muh-hur li-is-suh GIG sa zumrija sdbu-u ri-gim em-bu-bi-ki let the s. call .... , let the resounding voice of your flute tear of the halter, you told me, "I am sending (them) to you" YOS 3 142:34 (NB let.). sinnetu see sinnatu A and B. sinu A s.; (a synonym for "help"); lex.* ka-ta-ahDAH = si-i-nu, sag.ta-abTAB = ri-i-su, sag.tab.ba = na-ra-ru Erimhus VI 165ff. LKA 70 ii 7f., and sinu B in 9a sini s.; criminal, murderer; OB lex.*; cf. senu A adj. The parallelism to "flute" and the de- u1.nig.A.zi = sa si-[nim1, sa sa-ga-as-tim OB Lu A 112f., also, wr. [sa] si-i-<ni>-inm OB Lu B iv 4f., wr. ja [sil-[i]-[nim OB Lu Part 11:13f. the disease out of my body dupl. K.6199+ii 6f. terminative GI in KAR 357:11 suggest a sipirtu A s.; (a sash woven or treated in a special technique); NA; pl. siprdte (often wr. sip-rat); cf. seperu. wood-wind, while the Sum. correspondence gis.PA.PA and the Akk. tapalu seem to indicate a set of wooden objects, hence a percussion instrument. The parallelism to embubu identifies sinnatu in the last reference as a musical instrument, but the entire line in which sinnatu occurs is unintelligible. For Surpu III 91, see sibdtu. The word GI sinnatu in Mari (for refs., see ARMT 15 p. 270 s. v.) must be separated from the sinnatu denoting a musical instrument and read gi-zi-in-na-tum; it refers to a metal object used for both agricultural and military purposes. It is possible that the word gizins TUG si-pir-t[um] Practical Vocabulary Assur 244; LU.US.BAR TUG si-ip-ra(?)-te(text -im) Sultantepe 52/8 ii 11 (list of professions). 2 AN.TA.MES MI 2 Sd SAHAR 2 KI.HAL.MES MI 2 sip-rat (two pairs of shoes of du.ld- leather, two pairs of silver rings) two black overcoats, two "dust-garments," two black .... -s, two sashes (gifts to two chieftains) ADD 758:9 (coll. A. Sachs), cf. 2 cubu 3 siprat DIB.KAR ADD 957:8; x kubgu x si-pir-t ADD 1095:11; 50 TUG sip-rat BABBAR.ME§ fifty white s.-s Iraq 23 18 ND 2086:1; 1 zarat 201 oi.uchicago.edu sippatu A *sipirtu B pu-u TUL = si-ip(var. sip)-pa-td Ea I 51b, also Same TUG si-ip-rat kuss spate DIR.KAR one canopy with tassels(?) for a chair with .... legs ADD 1039 ii 12. A 1/2:155. See also ispar siprati. *sipirtu B (sipistu)s.; (a shape of precious stones); SB; pl. sipretu; cf. seperu. 8d na 4 .nunuz.3.tab.ba, na 4 .nunuz.tur.tur, na 4 .[e.KAL.di.e].tu[m] = sip-re-e-ti Hh. XVI B 4ff., restored after na 4 .nunuz.tur.tur, na 4 .e. KAL.d i.e. tum = sip-ri-e-tum = bur-da-a-tum Hg. B IV 104f., and Hg. E 5. 47 NA 4 digil BABBAR(text: MAN).DIL 52 NA 4 musgirru 15 tupkitu 4 NA 4 si-pi-tu4 BABBAR. DIL (silver for) 47 diglu-stones of pappardil: lu(?), 52 mulgirru-stones, 15 kidney-shaped beads, 4 s. of pappardillu Nbn. 321:6, 3 NA 4 si-pis-tu4 TCL 13 233:14. GI§.SAR ki.sar.ra ib.si.si : kird [s]i-ip-pa-ta umalli (for umalla) (the gardener) will terrace(?) the orchard (and) the s. Ai. IV iii 25; burx(EBUR) pi GI.SAR.kex(KID) gurun mi.ni.in.il (var. gurun p[u.GIS.SAR] su mi.ni.in.il) :in-[bi sippa]-tiu-sd--si (Ninurta) made the orchards bear fruit Lugale VIII 34; [x pui] GIS.SAR.bi l[al]. kigestin.na u.pes.pes.da h[u. ... ] : [x] ir sip-pa-ti [x] dis-pa kdra-nam sumdulu li[blunikka] 4R Add. p. 4 to pl. 18 No. 5:6f., cf. [pd] GIS.SAR. bi [LAL] GESTIN [mi.ni].in.il : si-ip-pa-at GIS. SAR--i-na LAL i GESTIN 2-sa-as-si unpub. Ham- cf. See sipru mng. 3. murapi bil., Istanbul Museum, also pu GIS.SAR [... ] : sip-[p]at ki-ri-i [...] BIN 2 22 i 21f.; for refs. to unilingual Sum. texts with pl. GIS.SAR, see Falkenstein, OLZ 1933 303 n. 12, ZA 47 198:19, and, wr. phonetically pu-ki-ri AfO 16 60:12f. z-ra-su, sip-pa-ti, mi-dir-t = ki-ru-u Malku II 113ff.; mi-di-ir-tum = sip-pa-tum GIS.SAR Uruanna II 522, dupl. III 550. A term referring either to a part of the irrigation system or to a topographic feature. si-pat in connection with fruit: ana ddris [umi] inba td[ba] litelli[pa] may the orchards grow sweet fruit forever 5R 33 vii 24 (Agum-kakrime); kirimdhu tamsil Hamdnim sa gimir riqq inbi sip-pa-a-te ... qerebsu hurruu a great park, like (Mount) Amanus, planted with all kinds of aromatics sipitu see *sipirtu B. and orchard fruit sipparatu A s. pl.; morning; NA*; WSem. lw. sa nubatti maqld(!) sarru eppas ina sip-parra-a-te rihti [dulli(?)] sarru eppas at night the king will perform the maqld ceremony, in the morning the king will perform the balance asu qerbuss a) sipirtu C s.; (mng. uncert.); MB.* (the ultu si-pi-ir-ti adi namgar [...] territory) from the s. to the irrigation ditch G[IS.SAR] BE 17 66:8. [of the ritual] ABL 56:9. Compare safrd, "morning," Brockelmann Lex. Syr.2 635a. sipparatu B s. pl.; (a cosmetic); EA.* 1 E zi-ip-pa-ra-ti sa hurdsi one golden container for s.-cosmetics (mentioned beside date palms and orchard fruit grew on its emplacement YOS 1 45 i 42 (Nbn.); GIS.SAR nuhsi sip-pat NfG.SA.SA.HI.A u§ashir: suma I surrounded it (the bit akiti) with a luxuriant garden, an orchard with fruit OIP 2 137:35 (Senn.); sip-pa-a-ti summuha inbu the orchards abounded in fruit Streck Asb. 6 i 50, cf. inbi (var. inba) ruzssti sumuh si-ippa-a-tim (var. sip-pa-ti) VAB 4 168 vii 23 (Nbk.), also ibid. 160 vii 12, 154 iv 43; nambitbdti dkildt inib sip-pa-a-ti the wasps that eat the fruit of the orchard miqitu lines 3 and 6, after toilet utensils such as naglabu) EA 14 ii 5 (list of gifts from Egypt), and cf. [1 E z]i-ip-pa-ra-du kaspa hurdsa uhhuzu (in similar context) ibid. 60. Possibly to be connected with seperu as referring to cosmetics used in dressing hair. sippatu A s.; orchard; sippdtu. OIP 2 111:54 (Senn.), and passim in Senn.; GIs alamittiinbi si-ip-pa-a-tim from OB on; pl. Lambert BWL 216:49. b) other occs.: [d]e-si-it el si-ip-pa-tim she (Saltu) is more luxuriant than an orchard VAS 10 214 v 8 (OB Agusaja); here ndrisu zaqp sip-pa-te-su ul izkur (none of the former kings) thought of digging canals and planting orchards there Lyon Sar. pi. 15:46, cf. ana ... hare nari zaqdp sip-pa-a-ti uzuniu ul ibszma OIP 2 103:40 (Senn.), cf. also Lyon Sar. pi. 14:38, Borger Esarh. 25:30 and 94:36; mdme ddriti 202 oi.uchicago.edu sippiri sippatu B asarsausardd qereb sip-pa-a-tisdtina usahbiba pattis I let an inexhaustible water supply flow through it and murmur in the ditches within these orchards OIP 2 101:60, cf. (with vegetables atappis) ibid. 114 viii 30 (Senn.); musukanna surmena tarbit sip-pa-a-ti qan appardte ... sippatu C s.; 1. (a metal or alloy), 2. (uncert. mngs.); OB. aklit I cut down musukannu-trees and cypresses, which were growing in the orchards, kul.babbar.ME.a = k[asap mi-si] = [...], ku.babbar.ME.a = sip-pa-[tu] = [...] MSL 7 171 Hg. A II 222f.; sip(var. si)-pa-tc = ha-balg[i-nu] LTBA 2 2:284 and 4 iv 15. and reeds of the marshes ibid. 115 viii 60, also ibid. 125:47 (Senn.); kiratisu [.. . issi(?)] sip- pa-a-te sa niba la is, akkisma isten ul ezib I felled his orchards, (all) the uncounted [trees(?) of] the orchards, I did not leave a single one Rost Tigl. III pl. 22:204; ina sip-pat kiri palgi musare (I performed the purification rituals on the divine statues) in the orchards, among the canals and parterres (of the temple of Ea) Borger Esarh. 89:21, also ibid. 91 § 60:10, cf. ina sip-pat musare kuzbi (referring to the same locality) Streck Asb. 268 i 19; ki la zdqip sip-pa(var. adds -a)-ti ana nakasi ul i-ma-ak like one who does not to fell (trees) plant orchards, I do not .... Gossmann Era V 9; lemnu zirzirru mu-ub-bil sip-pa-a-ti the evil zirzirru-locustwhich dries up(?) the orchards Craig ABRT 1 54 iv 25 (= BA 5 629); si-ip-pu-tu a nakrteka[a-nal-sa-ah I will tear out the orchard of your enemies Langdon Tammuz pl. 3:15 (NA oracles, coll. from photo). (Ai. IV iii 25) [ti]-[el TI-tend.JA = si-ip-pa-tum Diri VI E 28; gis.an.na.U.KU, gis.se.u.KU, gis.pa.r.KU = si(var. sip)-pa-tu Hh. III 86ff.; gis.nim hi-esni-im (pronunciation) gis.id.t1l.1 hi-es-tu-ulla (pronunciation) = zI-BA-a-tum it i-si a-b/pu-ni (obscure) MDP 18 53 (lex. text from Elam); igi. nim, igi.bal = sip-pa-tum IziB ii 10f.; sip-patd = [m]u-u-su Malku III 47. 1. (a metal or alloy): see MSL 7, LTBA, in lex. section; sibit si-pa-tim madis isu as: sumija UD.2.KAM reqma si-pa-tam su'ati sd mamma isbilam he is in great need of s., through my fault he has been idle for two days, buy me this s. and send it here TCL 17 52:10 and 12 (OB let.), cf. ana sim si-pa-tim ana x suluppi sumhirsu make him accept (these dates) as the x dates which are the price of the s. ibid. 8. 2. (uncert. mngs.): see Diri, etc., in lex. section. Ad mng. 1: For hapalki, equated with sippatu D s.; (a reed); SB.* is obscure, .UD).a, gi.izi.gar, gi.zi(var. .izi).hi(var. gi.izi.sag, gi.se.se.ga = sip-pa(var. adds -a)tum Hh. VIII 7ff., cf. gi.zi.hi(var. .UD).a = sip-pa-tum = qa-an Ma-ak-kan MSL 7 68 Hg. 28; gi.ki.aa, gi.duru 5 = sip-pa-a-tu Hh. VIII 12a-b. and may refer to the terracing of a garden, see Landsberger, MSL 1 197. sippatu B s.; (a vegetable); See also sippu B. iron, see Laroche, RHA 60 9. All evidence points to sippatu as being a poetic synonym of kirk, "orchard." The only non-poetic passage 2R 60 No. 1 r. i 9, and dupl., see Ebeling, TuL 18, Langdon, Bab. 7 223. SB.* [dim].gi, [x dim].gi, [...] = sip-pa-t[u] Hh. XVII 381ff., cf. zi.ib.ba.tum SAR Wiseman Alalakh 447 viii 65, and [dim].gi SAR ibid. 51, also dim 4 .gi 4 SAR 3 NT 688 ii last line (Forerunner to Hh.); dim.gi. SAR = sip-pa-tum = ak-kul-la-ku Hg. D 254, also Hg. B IV 217; [U D]IM.GAL, U Fx DIMi.GI, U x [x] GAR, u en-x-u: sip-pa-[tu] Kocher Pflanzenkunde 12 iv 7-10 (Uruanna III 278ff.); T sip-pa-tu : 0 ak-kul-la-ku ibid. 11, also ibid. 2 vi 15. sip-pa-ta arakkasma isata aqddma I tie s.-reeds together and light a fire RS 9 159 ii 13, see Langdon, Bab. 7 226 and Ebeling, TuL 17. sippiri s.; (a type of field); RS*; WSem. word. RN has given him A.sA // PN u A.SA // siip-pi-ri u A.A // ka-an-na-bi-we the field of PN, the s.-field, and the kannabiwe-field sungira ina lapti u sip-pa-ta ina u (var. omits) KU.NU.LUH.HA tapattan you eat MRS 6 79 RS 16.239:6; RN has given them A.sA. .... iD Rahbani u GIS.SAR ina // na-ap-ki-ma the -plant in turnips(?) and s. in tijatu- MES PN Sa ina GN u A.S-.MES // si-ip-pi-riina 203 oi.uchicago.edu sippu A sipru fields of PN, which are in GN, and the s.fields which are along the Rahbani canal, and the orchard in GN(?) MRS 6 83 RS 16.157:7. sippu A MA. (sip'u) s.; (month name); OA, a) in OA: ITI.KAM si-ip-e-em CCT 1 46a:19, and passim; and passim, ITI.KAM si-ip-im TuM 1 18d:14, note ITI.KAM si-bi-im TuM 1 14a:14. Sa .en-ki- enDU?) = si-ip-ra-a-tum Nabnitu X 103-107. ha-ar HAR = [s]i-ip-rum A V/2:237; na 4 .za. gin.gis.dili = su-u (= gisdild), na4.za.gin.gis. dili, na 4 .za.gin.sig 5 .ga, na 4 .za.gin.gu, na 4 . za.gin.hi.a = sip-ri, na 4 .za.gin.hi.a KU.GI = MIN hu-ra-su Hh. XVI 66-71, and (lines 70 and 71 only, with explanation broken) Hg. B IV iii a-b; na 4 .za.gin.sig, na 4 .za.gin.dili, na 4 .za.gin. DILI.DILI, na 4 .za.gin.gd, na 4 .za.gin.hi.a = siprum, na 4 .za.gin.hi.a KTJ.GI, na 4 .e.gu.zag.ga= MIN hurasi Nabnitu X 96-102. b) in MA: si-ip- KAJ 4:32, sip-pu KAJ 205:16, and passim, si-ip-pi KAJ 186:10, si-pi KAJ 10:1, etc.; note si-ib-bi KAJ 11:24; note the double date: [ITI APIN ITI si -ip-p[u] AfO NA 4 si-ip-rum : NA 4 ZA.GIN.DIB.[BA], ku-nu-uk-ku Uruanna III 179f.; zagin, zaginduru, sip-ru, eb-bu = uq-nu-[u] An VII 18ff. 1. crest, coma (of a comet), summit (of a triangle), excrescence (on an animal's head) 16 pl. 13 r. 11, see ibid. p. 210. - For the month name si-bi «bi> bi4 -ri-im in BIN 4 207 case 10, 299. (for: MUS.TURdi.TURdi, Sa. EN.KI.EN.DU a) crest (of a bird): see A 1/6, in lex. section. b) coma (of a comet): kakkabu §a ina paniu sip-ra ina arkisu zibbata saknu inna mirma a star (i.e., comet) was seen which had see J. Lewy, HUCA 17 69 n. (Lewy, ArOr 11 39.) sippu B s.; (a vegetable); lex.* a coma in front, a tail in back Bab. 4 110:32 (SB astrol.), also ibid. 36, 48, also quoted summa ma. tur.ra SAR = sip-pu = kis-su sd sam-[me(?)] "bundle of herbs" Hg. D 256. UL a ina panisu sip(!)-ru ina arkisu zibbata In Hg., sippu is preceded by sippatu B, q.v., and mas.gu.la SAR = na-gab-bu bundle = i-si-ih-ti sd ki[s-si] string of a bundle, which shows that these words were no longer understood when the third column was added to Hh. sippiitu s.; (mng. uncert.); NA.* (straps) anaGIS sip-pu-u-te for s.-trees (or: wood for s.) (parallel: for kiskand-bark) Iraq 23 pl. 12 ND 2424:9. saknu CT 26 40 iv 13 (astrol. comm.). c) summit (of a triangle): SE.NUMUN SAG.DT ita PN ita misihti mahriti ... sip-ri- s4 ita mare PN2 a triangular field adjacent to PN, adjacent to the previously surveyed area, its (the triangle's) summit adjacent to the (field of the) sons of PN2 Camb. 44:18. d) crest, excrescence (on an animal's head): summa izbu sap-par-ti qarni imittisu asat if the protuberance of the right horn of the newborn animal is showing (with comm. sip-ru = qar-ni, i.e., explaining sapparti qarni sipretu s.; (a dye); NB.* 9 minas 25 shekels is the weight of si-pi-ri- by sipru) Izbu Comm. 352. e-tu 4 a suppdtu the dyed wool for strips of 2. feather(?), trim (of an arrow): kima carded wool Camb. 235:2. sip-risiltahi like the feather(?) of an arrow Possibly a metathesis for sirpeti, see (in broken context) Borger Esarh. 113 § 76 r. 15. sarapu B. 3. precious stone trim: 4 NA 4 si-ip-ruHI.A four assorted stone s.-s (part of the jewelry of sipru s.; 1. crest, coma (of a comet), Istar of Lagaba) SLB 1/1:8 (OB), cf. 1 si-ipsummit (of a triangle), excrescence (on an of jewelry) TCL 10 120:2; animal's head), 2. feather(?), trim (of an ru-um (among pieces see A V/2, Hh., etc., in lex. section, referring arrow), 3. precious stone trim, 4. (a metal especially to lapis lazuli used as trim. ornament); from OB on; pi. siprtu; cf. patr ispuku 4. (a metal ornament): seperu. ba-ar BAR = si-ip-rum sd MU§EN A 1/6:328; arhus.da.ri, MUbUu-ku-U-KA.KA, MPlg. IDPa-pagID, rabitim mesltum 2 GUN.TA.AM si-ip-ru 30 MA.NA.TA.AM Ja a sina they cast great 204 oi.uchicago.edu siptu sirhu A swords, each blade (weighing) two talents, the s. of their edge (weighing) 30 minas each ground Lambert BWL 178:28, see Landsberger, JNES 8 276. Gilg. Y. 169 (OB); bronze shields sip-rat eri gurpisi ert bronze s.-s, bronze helmets TCL 3 392, cf. sip-rat kaspi (preceded by silver shields) ibid. 382, also kdsate sip-ra-a-te UD. SAR.MES AR.ME cups, s.-s, crescents, rings ibid. 360; obscure: 1-it sip-pa-ri UD.KA.BAR BE 8 154:27 (NB). 2. dyeing (NB only): x inzahuretu sa si-pi x inzahuretu-dye for dyeing Cyr. 253:5, cf. aban gabi u in§ahureti ana si-pu Nbn. 214:6, x dimuru x aban gabi ana si-pi Sa SiG.BAR. si(?) Sa dUTU Camb. 156:3, also (in broken context) si-i-pu Nbn. 1072:2. 3. dyed fabric (or an article of clothing): see lex. section. For discussion see seperu. In Nabnitu X 103-107 the first and last equivalences may be connected with sabaru B and seperu respectively. sipu B s. (a mineral); SB.* I reduced (the city) to piles of rubble u NA 4. MES si-pa az-[ru] and scattered (over them) (Thompson DAC 133ff.) siptu s.; (an ornament or mounting for a precious stone); MB; wr. syll. and MAS. s.-stone(s) AKA 119:14, cf. NA 4 (var. adds .MES) si-pa ina muhhisu azru ibid. 79 vi 14 (both Tigl. I). ibid. 38, and note, in descriptions of golden jewelry: 41 si-ip-tu-su ibid. 34 and 35f.; 1 MA a-na 4 SAG.DU.MES a si-pa-a-ti one mina (of Instead of sahld-seeds and kudimmu, alone or with salt, the symbolic act signifying the annihilation of the destroyed settlement is described here as performed by scattering over the ruins a mineral called sipu. gold) for four heads of the s.-ornaments sipu see zipu. NA 4 .ZA.GIN 35 MAS-SU NA 4 .ZA.GIN PBS 2/2 120:39, cf. NA 4 .KA.AS.GI 4 . <GI 4 > 35 MAS-sU Sumer 9 p. 34ff. No. 4:6, 8 and 12, and passim, added up as naphar 5 MA.NA KU.GI a-na 20 KAK. sirhiS adv.; like a dirge; SB*; cf. sarahuB. MES total: five minas of gold for twenty nails ibid. 14, and similarly in line 29; KU.BABBAR Siip-ti ibid. No. 6:2, also (beside KU.BABBAR uh-hu-zi) ibid. 4. siptu see sibtu D. gip'u see sippu A. sipu A (szbu) s.; 1. soaking (referring to irrigation), 2. dyeing, 3. dyed fabric (or an article of clothing); MB, SB, NB; cf. sabd. [tug.a.g ]i 4 .a = si-bu = lu-bar pu-di shoulder wrap Hg. B V i 13; [tug.a.gi 4 .a] = [si-bu] = kubsu pu-qi headdress (reaching to) the upper back Hg. D 418; [tug.a.s]a.a = si-bu = lu-bar um-di Hg. B Vi 15. 1. soaking (referring to irrigation) (MB, SB): mikru sa imli si-pa la isakkan the irrigated territory which has filled up (with water) should not soak up (any more) PBS 1/2 33:8 (MB); (the crest of the flood has come early) ssu it-lu-lu si-pa iltaknu the canebrakes have become tangled and soaked unahhas surri sir-hi-is um'ud[u ... ] my heart wails in laments (lit. as does a dirge), [my ... ] are numerous PSBA 17 137 K.8204:5'. sirhu A s.; 1. dirge, 2. song (of a special type); SB; cf. sarahuB. BALAG. di, KA.BALAG = sir-hu Nabnitu X 20f.; i.lu.sir.ra = nu-be-e sir-hi, MIN za-mar Izi V 45f. BALAG.di erim.ma.mu ur.ri.es ma.al.mu. [x x] : ina sir-hi isitt ana nakri ittaskan[a] amidst lamentations, my storehouse has been made hostile against me SBH p. 80:17f.; An.na i.lu BALAG. <di> [...] : dAnum qube sir-hi u bi-ki-t[i...] heaven [is full] of woe, lamentation and weeping SBH p. 128 r. 21f., cf. i.lu BALAG.di : ina qube sir-hi ibid. 23f. (coll. Kocher); for another ref. to sirhu corresponding to BALAG.di, see mng. 2. sir.ra.mu umun.na.s : ana sir-hi sa beli to the lamentation for the lord 4R 30 No. 2:32f., cf. SBH p. 34 No. 16 r. 9f., cf. also dub.sir.ra.mu : tuppi sir-hi-ia SBH p. 100:5f.; sir.sag edin.ta ka§4 .[s]ag i.gul.e : <ina> sir-hi resti bsta lisma ik-si (Sum.) at the first lament of the plain, he (Enlil) stops his run (Akk. corrupt) SBH p. 31: 10f. (coll. K6cher), for sir.sag in Sum. texts, see Zimmern, ZA 31 120 n. 2, and see also gersag4 and sa sersagim in OB Lu A 255, sub sirhu A in sa sirhi 205 er.ra oi.uchicago.edu sirhu B sirhu A lex. section; [si]r.ri edin.na u 6 .dug 4 .ga.ta edin.na u 6 .[d]i : ina sir-hi bita ina bare bit miti (Akk.) when he inspected the house amidst dirges, it was the house of a dead man SBH p. 122 r. 16 f.; for other refs. to sir : sirhu, see mng. lb and c. sir.zu : sir-hi-ka // zi-im-me-ri-ka SBH p. 110:31f., see mng. Ic. ina sir-hi <<nu>-ug-ga-tum-ma ir-nit-tum-ma in the songs there are (both) anger and triumph (over annihilation) Langdon BL 16 i lf. Since sirhu has the Sum. correspondence sir (besides BALAG.di) and is once glossed zimru, the term may refer not only to the 1. dirge - a) in gen.: asar girranu [l]u content of the dirge but also the art form si-ri-ih-ki asar tub kabatti lu tiknuki wherever and the use of an accompanying stringed inthere is wailing let there be a dirge (sung) for strument, as does zamaru s., q. v. However, you, wherever there is rejoicing, a song in the use of the verb qabu seems to indicate your honor(?) AfK 1 27:43; nise asib libbi'a that the sirhu was recited rather than sung. emeda si-pit-tu i sir-ha I put upon all the Yet, in late usage, sirhu seems to mean people who lived there (in Urartu) mourning "song," just as sardhu is used for "to sing." and dirge (singing) Winckler Sar. pl. 33 No. 69:78, For sir.sag, see also sersagd. cf. (in lamentations) sir-hi (in broken context) Compare also epi balaggi, sirhu A in sa SBH p. 116 No. 65 r. 7, [el-nis-ki ina si-ri-ih sirhi. (obscure) PBS 1/2 125:11f. b) with qabu to recite a dirge: edin.na. as lu.lu si.in.di sir.ra.[...] : anaseri(wr. LIL) dulluhis illak sir-hi i-[qab]-bi he goes into the desert in a perturbed mood, he recites dirges SBHp. 122:16f., cf. sir. e mu.un. na.ab.bi : sir-ha i-qab-bi 4R pl. 11 r. 33f.; [...] er.ra ir.ri.e ga.an.na.ab.dug 4 : [...] ina takribti sir-ha luqbisu let me recite a dirge for him with wailing BA 10/1 116 No. 33:1f.; sir.ri nu.ti.li ba.ni.[...] : si-ri-ih la gate liq[bi ... ] let him recite an endless dirge ibid. p. 76 No. 4:35f., cf. sir.ri mu.un.na. ab. bi : sir-ha luqbisu OECT 6 pl. 7 K.4648: 5f., and (exceptionally with zamaru) sir.bi du 1 2 .a ma.ra.hun.e sa.zu de.en.[sed. d ]: sir-ha muneha ina suzmuri (var. adds ina utami) by having the dirge sung which is to appease (var. adds: by having it recited) 4R 21* No. 2 r. 5ff. c) inmudesirhi: gala.e sir.zu.bi la.ba. DU en.zu <lu > BALAG.di sir.[ra.ni x x] : kalu mu-di-e sir-hi-ka // zi-im-me-ri-ka // sd sir-hi mu-di-e sir-hi-su the kali-priest who knows your dirges, variant: your songs, explanation: the dirge singer, who knows his dirges SBHp. 110:31f.; ama ugu.ni sir.ra sa mu-da-at gal.an.zu(!).a : ummu -littu sir-ha the mother of (many) children, well versed in dirges SBH p. 112:29f. 2. song (of a special type): Zimmern, ZA 31 120f. sirhu A in 9a sirhi s.; dirge singer; lex.*; cf. sarahu B. u1.i.lu.di = mu-na-[bu-i], sa si-[ir-hi] OB Lu A 245f., and note lu.BALAG.di = sa-r[i-hum] ibid. 252; u16.ir.sag = a se-er-[sal-g[i-im], s a i-ir-hi[im] ibid. 255f. <6)l.BALAG.di ir.[ra.ni x x] : ~d sir-hi mude sirhisu SBH p. 110:31f., for context see sirhu A mng. Ic; mu.lu sir.ra u li.bi.ir.ri ma.da te mu.un.ur 4 (?).a : d s ir-hi gal-lu-d jdti minam [... ] (referring to the mother of Dumuzi, as shown by the var. ama.gan.men ZA 40 85:26) ASKT p. 118:14f., and dupls., see Frank, ZA 40 89 n. 3, cf. the parallel mu.lu sir.ra ud.de MI.MI.ga ud.de sir.sir.re [...] : sd sir-hi umu mu-sa-di-ru umu munnisu BA 5 617: f. (coll. W. G. Lambert), but note mu.lu.sir.ra an.na.mu (referring to 4R 30 Dumuzi addressed by the dirge singer) No. 2:19, and dupl. SBH p. 67:18, BA 5 674:10, CT 15 20:9; with var. mu.lu.sir an.na.mu mu.lu gir.ra : sa sir-ha (in broken context) SBH p. 116 No. 61 r. 10f. The sa sirhi (as against the sdrihu) seems to have been a person uttering sounds of mourning and woe rather than a performer of dirges accompanying himself on a stringed instrument (BALAG). sirhu B s.; flare, a sudden luminosity; SB; wr. syll. and SUR; cf. sarShu C. sir-hi di-su sa-ra-ru (astrol. comm.). CT 41 45 Rm. 855:12 a) in gen.: summa MUL Dilbat sir-ha TUK if the planet Venus has special splendor CT BALAG.di ib.bi u.na.nam P.ma in.ga.na.nam: 206 oi.uchicago.edu sirih libbi sirihtu B s.; lamentation; OB, SB; cf. sardhu B. ina puhru si(text rim)-la-ti idbuba 4-a siri-ih-tu they (fem. pl.) uttered slander in the assembly-woe (and) lamentation! VAS 16 40 40 r. 56, (with NU.TUK) ibid. 57, cf. ACh Istar 5: if.; [DIS MUL Dilbat] ina MN SAG.US sir-ha SIG 7 TUK if the planet Venus constant- ly has a green luminosity during the month of MN ACh Supp. Istar 35:31, cf. RA 17 128:23 Summa MUL SUR-ma cited sub sallummzu; 124:17 (OB let.); (they shout) ana si-ri-ih-ti suR-si neh if a star flares up and its flare rigimSunu inandil is slow ACh Istar 29:12, also (with hamut) ibid. 13, and, with si-ri-ir-Iu (for sirihsu) kima seti namir Thompson Rep. 200:1; [...] same si-ri-ih MUL.MES KAR 233:20. manner of a lamentation BRM 4 6:23, and also ibid. 27 and 41, of. si-ri-ih-ti nissati u bikiti ... nasu ibid. 44. b) in comparisons: kima SUR MUL ana erseti limqutma may it fall upon the ground like the flare of a (shooting) star LKA 70 ii 24 (SB inc.); summa birsu kima si-ri-ih kakkabi innamir if a birsu-light is seen (looking) like the twinkling of a star CT 38 27:14. sirimtu s.; striving; SB*; cf. sardmu. tur attain what you strive for K.2809 r. i 5 (series inbu, for the 29th day of Tebetu). See also ur-patzi-ir-hu Malku III 197, cited s.; ardent desire; SB*; For a possible variant, see sihittu. siriptu s.; burn (a disease); MB, SB; cf. sardpu A. cf. BAR.tabGfR, si-irBU, gig.U6BAD, gig.tab = si-rip- sa-t[u-ub-b]u-u = si-rih lib-bi Malku IV 82. tu4 sd [mursi] Nabnitu XXIII 149. kabattakunu uballi si-ri-ih libbikunu usesi tenkunu usanni I have quenched your "spirit," driven out your elan vital, disturbed your mind Maqlu V 127. sirihtu A s.; 1. anger, 2. inflammation; SB; cf. sarahu A. 1. anger: ina si-ri-ih-ti libbija sa RN la kenu ihta ... [.. .].DAH = si-rim-tum (preceded by summird~ and summuru) Antagal B 100. kispa kisip dEnlil si-rim-ta-ka usakadka make a funerary offering, Enlil will let you sub zirhu. sirih libbi sarahu A. calling loudly in the qereb Elamti ana sihirtisu at: tallak saltis I marched as victor through all of Elam in my anger over the perfidious Tammaritu, who had committed a crime against me Strcck Asb. 46 v 37; si-ri-ih-ti (in broken context) KAR 48 fragm. 3 A 2, see Lambert BWL 204. 2. inflammation: Summa amelu si-ri-ih-ti SA irsima libbasu umma u[kdl] if a man has an attack of intestinal inflammation and his intestines are feverish AMT 39,1 i 40, cf. ana si-ri-ih-ti izi SA nasdhi to dispel the inflam- summa kirrdsu ... si-rip-tu SUB.SUB-a if his (the sick person's) throat is spotted with s. Labat TDP 86:52, cf. summa si-rip-ta-su iddiamma u si-rip-ta-[su ... ] PBS 2/2 104:11 (MB diagn.); in enumerations of diseases: sassatu sennitu si-rip-tu4 epqennu CT 23 3:10, also AMT 31,2:2. While the Sum. equivalents connect siriptu with sardpu A, "to burn," in the med. ref. siriptu may refer to a red spot and be connected with sardpu B. siripu see saripu. sirit adv.; magnificently, majestically; OB, SB; cf. sru adj. a) in OB (in a year name): mu RN lugal. e as.me dili.dili.a na 4 .du8g.i.a.kex(KID) su.nir.ra u 4 .dim i.zalag.gi.es.a na 4 .za. gin.na KU.GI hus.a ku.luh.a.bi.da.kex mation of an intestinal fever ibid. 34; likessd IzI si-ri-ih-t4 sa libbi enesu let them (the daughters of Anu) cool off the fever of the inflammation which (is) in his eyes AMT 10,1 r. 3. 207 su.a mah.bi ib.ta.an.du7.us.a bi.in. dim.ma.am : sattum sa RN sarrum ssamsd: tim Sa dul surinisa kima imi namru ina uqni hurdsi huSSi u kaspi misi si-ri-is su-[uk]-lu-la ibndma the year when RN, the king, made the sun-disks of duSd-stone, the emblems oi.uchicago.edu siritu sirpu A shining like the day, which are magnificently adorned with lapis lazuli, bright gold, and pure silver tana). sirpu A s.; 1. red dyed wool (or fabric), 2. colored spot; from OB on; pl. sirpani; cf. sardpu B. JNES 14 153 (year 7 of Samsudi- tug.a.sa.a, tug. u.[[u]r.ra = si-ir-pu (after b) in SB: [uru] ku.ga ki.tu s a. tdg.a.gi 4 .a = si-bu-tum, si-ni-tum) Hh. XIX 210f., dug.ga.kex e.ne mu.mah.a mi.ni.in. cf. [tug.a.sa.a] = si-ir-pu = [lu-ba]-ri in-di Hg. D 420; [tug.su.u]r.ra, sa 4 .a : alu ellu ubat tub libbiSunu <sumsu> [tug.a].sa.sa, [x].x.ra.ra, [tug.a.du]g4.ga, la.la.sud.sud = si-ri' imbi they (the gods) called it (Babylon) [si-ir-pu] Nabnitu XXIII 144ff.; sfG sir-pa-a-ni augustly (Sum.: by the august name) the Practical Vocabulary Assur 220. si-pat sir-pi, ZA.GIN.NA = uq-na-a-[tum] Malku pure city, their favorite residence CT 13 36:16 VI 183f.; sa-mi sir-pi : ii uq-na-a-te a plant for (SB lit.); uru.zu Bad.Ku.ri.gal.zu.b dyeing (wool) red : a plant for (producing) blueish a.mah SUD.SUDud .da. zu ne: anaalikaDur- wool Uruanna I 440. Kuri[galzu] si-ri-is ina §ad-[da-hi-ka] when 1. red dyed wool (or fabric) - a) wool you majestically walk in procession to your - 1' in MB: naphar 7 MA sir-pu (adding up city GN KAR 97 r. 11 (SB rel.); [. . .] gal.la kin.galam. ma [...] : si-ris rabis ana i[pir and takiltu-wool) PBS 2/2 44:3, cf. ibid. 127:9; ultu PN mar siprijasi-ir-pausebila since PN, my messenger, brought me the SAG- nikil]ti inneppus (the bronze drum) was artfully fashioned, magnificently and in great colored wool (or: a piece of apparel) EA 12:15 style (in broken context) CT 17 4 ii 14ff. (SB rel.). (let. from Babylonia). 2' in MA: sia si-ir-pa <i nappisa ina libbi iskar dina pluck the dyed wool and distribute working assignments from it! KAV The word occurs only in Akkadian translations of Sumerian texts. 99:22 (let.); bit tupninnate pitia sir-paiskara sa GN dina open the storehouse and give out siritu see ziritu. sirmu s.; endeavor; Mari*; cf. saramu. libbasunutab §a si-ir-mi-im-ma epe kakk u ddl nakrimma libbi wardi belija idabbub they are fine, the hearts of my lord's servants are set on the endeavor of fighting battles and the dyed wool as the working assignment of defeating the enemy ARM 2 118:20. sir-pa-ni its thread is of colored wool sirmu see zirmu. 18 306 iii 31' (inventory). GN KAV 100:14 (let.); sirpu-colored decoration) KAV 105:15, also TUG a-ha-tu sa sir-pi ibid. 12; guhassusu Sa 3' in NB: sfI sirnittu see sennitu. sirpetu s. pl. tantum; (a dish made with barley and milk or fat); SB; cf. sarapu B. TUG aahte sa sir-pi sleeve garments of dyed wool (or: with a AfO sir-pa-a-ni SUM.NA [MU].NI dyed wool given out-names (heading of a list mentioning takiltu- and tabarru-wool) BRM 1 5:1 (early NB). ut ul.bil.AG.a = sir-pe-e-[tu] Hg. B VI 107; 4' in lit.: they cut a stick in the orchard util.nig.la.la.ri = sir-pe-e-tu4 Nabnitu XXIII 155; ga.se.ri.a = sir-pe-tu milk (soup with) soaked barley Izi V 152, cf. ga.se.ri.a = sir-pe-etu4 Nabnitu XXIII 154; i.se.ri.a = sir-pe-e-tu4 oil (soup with) soaked barley Nabnitu XXIII 153. sir-pa-a-ni hatta ubarrumu and decorate the UD.3.KAM 9 kurummassu UTUL sir-pe-ti ana panisu tasakkan on the third (day) you place before it (the magic figurine) nine dishes of s. as its food ration KAR 184 obv.(!) 6; buhra um-mar sir-pe-ti GAR-[an] you place a dish of s. while still hot (for the spirits of the dead) LKA 79:22, and dupl. KAR 245:22(!), see TuL 68. stick with dyed wool KAR 33:5 (NA); 7 lappi kap-pu sd 7 sir-pa-a-ni tal-pap 3 kannati sa 7 sir-pa-a-nitakannan 4R 55 No. 1:5, see ZA 16 184, cf. also 7 sir-pa-a-ni 4R 58 ii 54, see ZA 16 176 (SB Lamastu); kima siG sir-pi anni linna: [pisma] may it (the disease) be plucked apart like this dyed wool Surpu V-VI 120, cf. [EN] kima sir-pi the conjuration (beginning with) "Like dyed wool" (referred to as sia SA5 line 21) Surpu I r. 14'; see Practical Vocabulary Assur, Malku, Uruanna, in lex. section. 208 oi.uchicago.edu sirtu B sirpu B sirtu s.; protuberance; SB*; cf. surrusu. summa katarru si-ir-si ittanandiam if the fungus is speckled with protuberances CT b) fabric: see Hh., Hg. and Nabnitu, in lex. Sa si-ir-pi-im for the colored section; (garment ?) (parallel: Jaqitmim for the black line 12, after two entries referring to gold given for work, possibly referring to a gold- 40 18:86 (SB Alu). decorated piece of apparel) Riftin 50:6 (OB); 7 GU si-ri-ip DU 8 .SI.A seven neckbands of sirtu A s.; udder, teat; SB. b II 248; a-gan DAG.KISIM 5X GA = sir-[tu] Ea IV 60 (both preceded by tulu), also (between tulr and mussu) A VIII/4: a-gan DAG.KISIM 5 x GA = si-ir-tu S dus~-colored wool (in list of garments, among them one linen neckband line 7') ARM 7 250:9'; obscure: 1 K[US] GIS.BAN sir-pu PBS 2/2 54:11 (MB). 181; uzu.a-ka-niDAG.KISIMXGA = sir-turn = tu-lu-u TCL 3+KAH 2 141:229 (Sar.); [summa al]pu sa-[rip] if a bull has a colored si-ir-pa spot CT 40 31 K.8013 r. 10 (SB Alu); adi sdmu Hg. B IV i 33; [e]n-bir LAGABXUDU = si-ir-tum ewe's udder A 1/2:237. agan(DAG.KISIM5XGA) . .klus.a.na [zd] he. kur5 .kur 5 .e : si-ri-is-sd i-na am-ma-t[i-sa] li-basi-ir may she (the sorceress) lacerate her breast with her own arms PBS 1/2 122 r. 15f., see Falkenstein, ZA 45 14. sir-ri-ta= tu-lu-u Izbu Comm. 376g (comm. on CT 27 40:28ff., for which see serretu B). pan pese pesi pan si-rip SA5 iSSa[kkanu] until the red color (of the magic twine made of white and red wool) becomes white (and) the white (twine) the color of red (let the ghost that has appeared to me not return to me) a) of humans: Summa Jerru la-'-HU kima aldu sir-ti iniqu ina libbisu la i-bi-ma i-tab-bak if the baby, (that is) the u seresu imtatt infant, although it sucks the breast as soon as it is born, does not get fat through CT 23 18 i 47, see Ebeling, TuL 151 and Castellino, Or. NS 24 254. (sucking) it and .... -s and keeps losing weight Labat TDP 216:1, cf. sir-ti mala NAG The use of the form sirpani cannot simply indicate the plural of sirpu, but must designate strands or the like of sirpu-colored wool. uttanarra he throws up whatever he drinks meadowland Sa ki colored spot: 2. zagindure sir-pa saknuma that looks as if it had color(ed spots) like polished(?) lapis lazuli <<pi> at the breast sirpu B s.; 1. fired (clay) object; 2. refining (process); OB Qatna, NB; cf. sarapuA. 1. fired (clay) object: usurti salmisu sirpu Sa hasbi sikinsu u simatisu a kiln-fired clay (mold showing) a relief with his (Samas') likeness, his appearance and his regalia BBSt. No. 36 iii 20 (NB); ki p1 tuppi GABA.RI sir-pi DIR sd PN after a tablet which is a copy of a .... baked tablet of PN JRAS 1925 pl. 4:67, cf. [GABA.RI] Babili GIM sir-pi DIR safari su-ul-lu-pi Gray Samas pl. 11 r. 13, also c pi tuppi GABA.RI Ezida sir-pi DIR kma labirisusatirma bari CT 39 27:24 (all NB colo- b) of goddesses: itenniqma sir-rit istarati he (Marduk) sucked at the breasts of goddesses En. el. I 85. c) of animals: see A I/2:237, in lex. section; ispuk ina sir-ti-sd s[ad]e b'ruti he heaped up high(?) mountains at her (Tiamat's) udder En. el. V 57; summa izbu kima aldu si-ri-is-su if the newborn animal's udder GA [...] [contains?] milk as soon as it is born CT 28 9:16f. (SB Izbu). Note that in addition to the two refs. sub usage a, tul occurs on the same tablet of Labat TDP in similar usage in lines 14, 18, etc. For the etymology of sirtu, see Holma Korperteile 47. phons). 2. refining (process): KT.GI si-ir-[pu] refined gold RA 43 215 Inventory IV r. 4; x hZdu KY.GI si-ir-pu x hidu-beads of refined gold ibid. r. 5 (OB Qatna). sirru see szru B and C. sirtu B s.; female snake; plant list*; cf. seru B. mus-la-a-ha-tu(var. mu-la-ldh-ha-tu)= si-ir(var. -ni)-tu a-la-[ak-tu] Kcher Pflanzenkunde 12 iii 16, dupl. CT 14 9 K.4373 i 27, see Landsberger Fauna 20 p. 40: 24. 14 14 ibid. 224:55. 209 oi.uchicago.edu sirA A siru sire A (or .erd) s.; brim; SB, NB. august, excellent (used only as a poetic term); a) in a concrete sense with mulld, to fill: from OB on; wr. syll. and MAH; cf. siri , KA.ME§ ... sa ina a a t §arri ukanniki sru A s., sriitu, surru v. minamma i-pet-ti-ma(text -au) uddlu ana sima-ah MAH = si-i-rum, ma-du-um, rab[mn], ri-e umalla why does he open the gates which ka[btum] MSL 2 139 Cb i 20-23 (Proto-Ea); ma-ah I sealed on royal order and want to fill his MAH = si-i-ru,a rab S II 334f.; mah = si-i-ru, rab2, kabtu S Voc. AA 23'-25'; mah, [ma-ah]AL vessels to the brim? TCL 9 106:17 (NB let.); = si-i-rum Nabnitu XXII 193f.; ma"-aAL = g[i-izera usappahu masi qdteunu k ana si-ri-e ru], rab[] A VII/4:16f.; [nu-un] [NUN] = [r]ub', u[malld] (that) they scatter the seeds (this dAnu, dEnlil, dEa, dSin, [s]i-rum A V/3:16-21; means) they will fill (the barns) to the brim [u6-u-um] BUR = s[i]-[il-ru VAT 10296 i 11 (unpub., with their shares LKA 72:11 (SB), see TuL p. 46. text similar to Idu). dNin.urta sag.kal A.KAL.mah.tuk.a : dMIN b) in transferred mng. with mald, to aaredu ra-a4 e-mu-qa-an si-ra-a-ti Lugale I 2, cf. become full to the brim, i.e., fed up (with a su.mah : e-mu-qa-an si-ra-ti Angim IV 10; situation): we must not forsake the king out dNin.urta dumu.mah 4.kur.ra.kex(KID) of thirst (and) the whole world must not say dNinurta ma-a-ru si-ru 9*d .[KUR] Angim IV 56; Nippurd Sa epe §a mat Aur isbatu ina igi.mah : ru-ba-t gir-ti KAR 73 r. 15f., cf. egi(sAL+KU) .mah : ru-ba-tum sir-tum BA 5 644: summe a-na si-re-e in-da-lu-u (these are) the 3f.; urd.mah : abubu si-i-ru Lugale II 39; people of Nippur who submitted to the land ud.d urudu.sen.mah.am.e uzu.i.UDU in. of Assur because they were fed up with the ur.ur.ri : umu kima Aenni sir-tim lipd i'a4a the lack of water ABL 327 r. 21 (NB); the kings, ghost makes the tallow sputter as if (in) a giant kettle BA 5 617:11f. (SB rel.), dupl. SBH 127:21; our lords, have always been concerned with [nag ku]d mah.hm a.6 in.gid.[i] : kima strengthening our privileged status ever since butuqtum si-ir-tum (var. 4urdutum) bitati ub(!)-bal they ascended the throne u anini §a a-na si- (the word of Enlil) carries the houses away like the re-e ni-im-lu-4 Sa SAL Elamti §a SAL Tabluitu tremendous bursting of a dike SBH p. 127:20, a SAL Ahlamitu yet we are (now) up to our restored from dupl. BA 5 617:9f.; for other bil. refs., see usages a, b, c, e-2', f and g. necks in Elamite women, Tabluitean women, GIS.GU.ZA.MAH : GOI.GU.ZA si-ru RA 45 18 pl. II and Aramean women ABL 878:4 (NB); LT. 11 and 19 pl. III 11 (Topzawa bil.). ERIN.MES a-na si-re-e in-da-lu-4 a kaspa tisq4ru, si-i-ru, an-da-a4 = ru-bu-u LTBA 2 issirununim the workmen have become fed 2:36-38. up (and) are pressing me for silver YOS 3 a) said of deities: inu Anum si-ru-um ... 80:5 (NB let.), cf. LU 1i-ra-ki ... a-na si-re-e ana Marduk ... illilit kiSat ni6i iA~muum in-da-lu-4 UCP 9 89 No. 24:12. when august Anu allotted to Marduk c) obscure: [...] qim-mat-ka si-re-e 4supremacy over all peoples CH i 1, also (as fmall-[li-ka] KAR 71:18; sir-re-e mu-ul-lu in colophons of the CH) Driver and ABL 1316 r. 23; ERIN.ME [ana] s -i-re-e c4i- title Miles Babylonian Laws 2 114, and STC 1 216:5; ma-lu-4 BIN 1 35:17. an.na za.e mah.me.en za.e mah.me.en: The mng. of the phrase was correctly ina Same atta si-i-ri atta si-ra-at (0 Anu) you, established by Ebeling, but the Aramaic the majestic one in the heavens, you are etymology he proposed cannot be used for a majestic BRM 4 8:if. (SB rel.), and passim in word already attested in SB. this text; dA§§ur ilu si-ru AgAur, the august (Ebeling Neubab. Briefe aus Uruk p. 68 n. to god AKA 10:28 (Adn. I), cf. dNabi aplu si-i-ri 80:5.) 5R 66 i 16 (Antiochus I); dGibil gir.gal mah: dMIN gitrah si-rd BA 5 648 No. 14:1; dingir. sirf B s.; (an object); OB.* 1 si-ru-4 (among household utensils such nun mas. st.mal : (ana) rube mas-su-4 si-i-ri to the prince, the supreme leader as esittu, mahrasu, etc.) VAS 9 221:9. siru (fem. sirtu) adj.; first-rank (in importance, quality), outstanding (in size), CT 16 20:124, cf. ibid. 19:58, KAR 184 obv.(1) 19, etc., see also Tallqvist Gotterepitheta s.v. giru; dLUGAL.DUR.MAl ... Sa ima A ubat garruti 210 oi.uchicago.edu siru siru Iurb4 an (var. ina) ill ma'dilsi-ru DN, who is exalted in royal residence(s) (and who) is very important among the gods En. el. VII 96, with comm. MAH = rubd ... MAH = ma'du MAH = si-i-ri STC 2 pl. 55 ii 2ff.; dNabU sukkal-lu si-i-ru Nabi, the august vizier 1R 70 iv 16 (MB kudurru), cf. dNusku sukkallu si-i-ri VAB 4 224:42 (Nbn.), also Ebeling Handerhebung 38:28, and passim in SB; dSama§ u dAdad ... DI.KU6 .ME MAH.ME § amag and Adad, the august judges Hinke Kudurru iv 16, cf. VAB 4 264 i 41 (Nbn.), CT 16 44:113 (SB rel.), and passim; dNintu NIN si-ir-tum CH xliv 41; ana ... dIstar Uruk ru-ba-a-ti sir-ti for the ITtar of Uruk, the august lady Borger Esarh. 73 § 47:2, cf. VAB 4 274 iii 12 (Nbn.), cf. also dSar panitu GAAN sir(text: uz)-ti ABL 54:9 (NB), etc., see Tallqvist Gotterepitheta s. v. girtu; DN ... namrat dGA§AN.MU si-rat u laqdt RAcc. p. 135:255; my word was pleasing UGU na-bi MAH.ME§ beleja to the august gods, my lords Winckler Sar. pl. 43a:55; AN.GUB.BA.ME§ ilu si-ru-ti AN.DURTN.A.ME il nabiti august (images of) standing gods, shining (images of) seated gods JRAS 1920 567:16; ana niribi ilitiunu si-ir-ti simat biti umalla iriSu tdbi I filled the appurtenances of the temple with sweet scent for the entrance of their (Samag' and Aja's) divine majesties VAB 4 258 ii 13 (Nbn.), and see iluitu mng. 2b-3'; ekiam la rabati ekiam la si-ra-a-ti where are you (Itar)not a great (goddess), where are you not of first rank? STC 2 76:17; atti naru GAL-ti naru MAH-ti ndru ereti you, river, are great, supreme, just STC 1 201 r. 8. b) said of divine attributes and sacred objects: ~~upi narbiki eli kala ill si-ru (0 Iitar) your mighty deeds are manifest (and) are more excellent than (those of) all (other) gods STC 2 75:8 (SB rel.); ina nemeqi si-ri §a dMarduk belija through the august wisdom of DN, my lord AKA 389:9 (= AOB 1 39, time of Agur-uballit I); ina tukulti'unu si-ir-ti VAB 4 112 i 20 (Nbk.); u-mu-ki si-ru (0 IMtar) your names are excellent STC 2 75:4 (SB rel.), cf. mu.un.zu mah.am za.e dingir. mah.&m : Jumka si-rum at-ta(m) ilum si-rum SBH p. 71 r. 25f., etc.; ].GAL ... ina qibiti unu sir-te ... abnima I built a palace at 14* their (the gods') august command Lyon Sar. 10:63, cf. 5R 66 i 23 (Antiochus I), of. Maqlu I 120, and passim in SB, see also emiqu mng. lb; en.e geStu.mah im.gub.b6 (later version: ge§[tu.mah.a.n]i in.gub): be-luu-zu-u[n- S, si]r-ti il-kun-ma the lord set his august mind (to it) Lugale VIII 18; ga§ru si-i-ru upi pariua her (Itar's) divine powers are strong, august, manifest RA 22 170:22 (OB lit.), cf. BIN 2 22:65 (SB rel.), of. Hinke Kudurru i 18, BA 10/1 124 No. 44:5f., also ana pillide si-ru-ti BHT pl. 9:15 (Nbn.); note alkakatelunu si-ra-a-ti ... ulammiduinni they (the gods) taught me their sublime ways Streck Asb. 210:12; ina tukultifu sir-ti madtti riqdti ... erteddema I journeyed through distant lands, (acting) upon his (Marduk's) august trust (inspiring) oracle VAB 4 124 ii 12 (Nbk.); su-ki'-suh.kii mah.a Am.tag.ga na.am. dingir.ra u,.ginx(GIM) ba.ni.in.6: ti-BADiq-ni si-ru-ti sudur iliti kima umu u tepii he (Anu) made her (Itar) as conspicuous as the day with magnificent adornments, the deckings of divinity TCL 6 51 r. 33f. (SB rel.), cf. tiqni MAIJ.ME§ Borger Esarh. 84:36; gu.mah gu.gal: qa si-ra qd rabd urpu V-VI 152f.; ma§ak rimti sir-ti nazi DN DN wears the skin of a sacred wild cow ZA 36 212 r. 9; dNinurta u dPalil ... qalassunu si-ir(var. sir)-ta idi beltija iruku DN and DN2 presented me with their magnificent bow for my lordly arm AKA 84 vi 59 (Tigl. I), cf. [d]Nin.urta [gig].tukul mah [ba].ra.an.sum : dNinurta kakkam si-ra-am iddikkum DN has given you a majestic weapon LIH 60 i 12 (Hammurapi), cf. [gi§].ma.nu gii.tukul.mah An.na. kex : era kakku si-i-ri sa dAnim (take) a staff of cornel wood, the august mace of Anu CT 17 18: 8f., and passim; isu ellu et-lu si-i-ru holy wood, august man (pun on mes, "mesutree" and "etlu") Gossmann Era I 151; gii. mar mah..bi : Su si-ri august spade symbol KAR 375 r. iii 27 f.; ina hat-ta-ka si-i-ri mukin palukki with your sublime staff which establishes borderlines 5R 66 ii 14 (Antiochus I). c) said of temples, palaces, cities: enima ASur belu ana biti Idtu i-ba-4-ma BARA-gU si-ra hadil irammd when the lord A§~ur 211 oi.uchicago.edu siru siru moves to this temple and joyfully takes up residence on his august dais KAH 1 13 iv 28 (Shalm. I); zikurrdti gigundsu si-i-ri VAB 4 236 ii 16 (Nbn.), cf. CT 37 1 i 13, ibid. iii 84 (Samsuiluna); dAnum ... ina kummisu si-i-ri usarmd subassu I induced DN to take up residence in his august shrine CT 36 6:17, and dupl. BIN 2 33; 3 (Kurigalzu), also VAB 4 226 iii 16 (Nbn.), cf. kzma anaku E KUT atmdna si-i-ra ana msAab dAnim u dAdad ... akpuduma AKA 101 viii 17 (Tigl. I), similarly OECT 6 pl. 2 K.8664:13 (SB rel.); the great dwelling bara.mah.a tim.ma : sa ana parakkisi-ri silukat which is fitting for the sublime dais KAR 4 r. 10, and cf. ibid. 33, cf. also EN.LiLki bara.mah an. ki.kex : ina Nippuru parakku si-ri sa [...] BA 5 644 No. 11: 7f.; su-ub-ta si-ir-ta Weidner Tn. 36 No. 25:4, cf. SBH p. 126 No. 79:2 (SB rel.); ki.duir.mah : subtu sir-tu4 OECT 6 pl. 17 r. 4f., and passim; kisal.mah.a ki am.gub. ba.mu : ki-sal-lu si-ri asar rime izzazzu sublime propylon, where the (figures of) wild bulls stand SBH p. 92a:7f.; Ninuaki alu si-i-ru nardm dNinlil Streck Asb. 84 x 52; Asur ... ma-ha-zu si-i-ru Assur, the august city Winckler Sammlung 2 1:30 (Sar., Charter of Assur), and passim said of Sippar, Nippur and Babylon; E.mah = bitu si-i-ru = bit d[...], E.gal.mah = bitu rabu si-i-ru = bit dGula KAV 42 r. 16 and 12, see Frankena Takultu p. 126:172 and 168; I.GAL si-ir-tu epSet KUR Assurki ... usepis I had a magnificent palace built in the Assyrian style OIP 2 129 vi 55 (Senn.), see also gigund. title 3R 7:4 (Shalm. III), var. from WO 1 456 i 10, cf. VAB 4 100 No. 12 i 23 (Nbk.). e) used in NA, NB royal inscrs. as an epithet- 1' said of troops: gimir qurddiun si-ru-ti (var. MAH.MES) pan girrija sabtuma all their crack troops blocked my path Borger Esarh. 44:70; ina kakki urassip mundahsesu si-ru-ti (var. MAH.MES) I defeated his crack warriors Streck Asb. 48 v 110; adke LJ emuqija si-ra-a-te I set my crack forces in motion Streck Asb. 8:66. 2' said of objects, etc.: age qarni si-ra-a-ti crown with mighty horns 5R 33 ii 51 (Agumkakrime), cf. dSin ... nasi SI.MES MAH.MES Unger Bel-Harran-beli-ussur 6; ina GIS.GIGIR ME-ia sir-ti ... ina uggat libbija artakab hantis enraged, I quickly mounted my excellent war chariot OIP 2 44 v 70 (Senn.); ina elippati si-ra-a-te ana ahannd usebbiruni marsis (the workmen) brought (the statues) laboriously to the near bank in large boats OIP 2 105 v 71 (Senn.); gusure ereni si-ru-ti tarbit KUR Hamanim immense cedar logs, the produce of Mount Amanus OIP 2 129 vi 59 (Senn.), cf. Borger Esarh. 61:8, Streck Asb. 88 x 98, VAB 4 222 ii 10 (Nbn.); timme eri MAH. MES adi timme ereni rabite (GAL.MES) ... mesir eri u annaki urakkisma I reinforced high copper columns and also large cedar posts with a casing of copper and tin OIP 2 110 vii 26 (Senn.), cf. Borger Esarh. 62:22, Streck Asb. 16 ii 41; for similar refs., see gismahhu; dALAD.dLAMA.ME s i-ru-ti(var. -te) usepisma d) said of rulers: zikaraku asaredakusi-raku (var. adds sitmuraku) andku I am virile, I am the leader, I am majestic (var. I am fierce) KAH 2 84:15 (Adn. II); sangd si-ru sa imna u sumela usasbita sigarsin I had magnificent aladlammi-figuresmade and I set (them) up to the right and left of their (the doors') lock OIP 2 129 vi 64 (Senn.); 2 kalbs hurdsi 2 dEnlil kalbi kaspi 2 kalbi eri ... (RN) the august priest of DN AKA ina KA.KA-U si-ra-a- rPA.TE1.SI MAH RN, the ti usarsidinakigallu I placed on a pedestal two august governor Unger Reliefstele 7 (Adn. III), cf. RN ... issakku si-i-ri VAB 4 86 i 6 (Nbk.), and passim in Nbk., Nbn.; usum[gal]lu si-iru Borger Esarh. 96:18; RN ... ssatammu si-ru (var. si-i-ru) sa dAssur AKA 32 i 36 (Tigl. I), cf. RN ruubz si-ru ibid. 92 vii 36 (Tigl. I); ili golden dogs, two silver dogs, (and) two copper rabiti ... iskcunuinni the great gods endowed bel-kala), cf., wr. MAIH.MES ibid. 246 v 17 (Asn.); askuppati NA 4 .DIjR.MI.NA.BAN.DA MAH.MES me with an honored name (and) an illustrious abni I fashioned mighty slabs of breccia OIP 5:13 (Adn. I); RN ... si-ru) ... u-me kabtu zikc-ri si-i-ra (var. 212 dogs at its (the temple's) magnificent gates VAB 4 164 vi 23 (Nbk.), cf. ka.mah. m.zu. ta : ina bdbiki si-ru-ti OECT 6 pl. 25 K.3131:9; dalit ashi si-ra-a-te epu I made magnificent door leaves of firwood AKA 146 v 10 (Assur- oi.uchicago.edu siru B siru A 2 108 vi 72 (Senn.); puSuq hursdni si-ru-ti ina abni pdlise lusettiq I cut the narrow passages of the mighty mountains wider by means of stone drills Weidner Tn. p. 31 No. 17:49. f) other occs.: iti ab eze[n mah] An.na.[kex] :ITI [AB] <i)>-sin-nu si-ru sd [dA-nim] KAV 218 A iii 11 and 17 (Astrolabe B), cf. i-sin-nu si-ru BA 5 705 No. 58:10; ana isinnu tarbdti a-ki-ta-su si-ir-ti uladihma I caused (Marduk) to go in solemn procession to the sublime festival, his superb New Year's Festival VAB 4 156 v 35 (Nbk.), and see isinnu s.; ka.tar.mah.zu h6.si. un.dagal.la ... il. lne . : nisu rapsatum ... dalilika si-ru- tim lidlula may the widespread people proclaim your exalted glory LIH 60 ii 15 (Hammurapi), cf. za.mi.zu mah.am : tanittaka si-rat Angim IV 57; ilamma N[amt]aru a- [n]a [s]a-me-e si-i-ru-4-ti Namtaru ascended into the majestic heavens EA 357:8 (Nergal and Ereskigal); inim.inim.ma tu 6 .mah NUN. KI.ga na.ri.ga : ina aip-ti sir-ti Sipat Eridu in a solemn incantation (namely) the puri- Mannaean chieftains Langdon Tammuz pl. 3:6 (NA prophecy); ina muhhi elippdte sa LU si-i-ri amm sa aspuranni ana ahija with reference to the ships of that chieftain concerning whom I wrote to my brother ABL 1385:7 (let. ofSamas-sum-ukin); LU.MAH.ME S-ni KUR Kummuhaja ittalkuni madattu nasuni the chieftains of the Kummuhaeans have just arrived, bringing tribute ABL 196:8, cf. ibid. 13; LU.MAH.MES KUR Su-pur-a-a (among line 8) ABL 252:4, them a LU.GAL.URU.MES and passim in this letter; ina muhhi LU.MAH.ME S ammUti KUR Urartaja ABL 306:3, etc.; [Li]. MAH.MES-ni sa mdtdte gabbu [ina p]an abika etiquni [k]i annimma ina pan mar sarri ... [l]etiqu just as the chieftains of all the countries marched in review before your father, so let them march in review before the crown prince ABL 948 r. 6, cf. ABL 90:13, 680:8, 936 r. 7 (all NA letters); PN LU.MAH Sa KUR Zi-ki-ri-ta-a-a ADD 865 r. 2, cf. LU.MAH.MES LU Zi-kirix(GiR)-ta-a-a ABL 205:3, and passim in this letter, cf. ADD 758:10, 1036 iv 15; Li fication incantation of Eridu CT 16 45:143f. si-ra-ni-e Sa PN Nabatua ana pan ar Bdbili kl illikuni when the chieftains of Nadnu, (SB rel.); note the unique ref. with MAH most probably to be read rabd: DIS KITS.MES- ( )> the Nabatean (ruler), came to the king of Babylon ABL 1117:6 (NB). MAH.MES if (the person's) forearms are big (his neck [...]) Kraus Texte 26:1 (physiogn.). g) in personal names: dNand-si-ra-atNana- Godbey, AJSL 21 70; Klauber Beamtentum 7; W. J. Martin, StOr 8/1 26. is-August Nbk. 97:11; Nabi-si-ri-DINGIR.MES siru B (sirru)s.; (mng. uncert.); OA. Nabu-is-the-Most-August-of-the- Gods ADD App. 1 i 53, cf. BIN 2 119:13; Dug 4 .ga.mah. d . z u : Si-rat-qibt-dMarduk mand-of-Marduk-is-August The-Com- 5R 44 ii 22. as the name of a For Dingir.mah Sumerian goddess, see dDi[m.me].ir. ma[h] : 1Dingirl.mah : dBe-let-[DINGIR. MES] Emesal Voc. I 31, see MSL 4 p. 5, for a gloss, see also Weidner, AfO 19 106a. siru A s.; (foreign) chieftain; NA, NB; pl. NA sirdni, NB sirdne (ABL 1117:6); syll. and LU.MA; cf. szru adj. zi-ra-am passuramkussiamsa emdrim maski sapiutim (in GN I took) a s., a table, a donkey wr. 5,000 LU.MAH.MES LU saprdte sa KUR Suhi 5,000 chieftains, the envoys from Suhi (followed by names of eleven other countries) Iraq 14 44:143 (Asn.); Li si-ra-ni ElamajaKUR Mannaja abi'ar I will select the Elamite and 213 saddle, thick hides (and one pirikannugarment worth five shekels of silver) BIN 4 162:28, and OIP 27 55:17, cf. zi-ra-am passuram maskam sa alpim kussiam sa emarim (all this should be ready) CCT 2 18:27; send me with the next man of yours who is coming here zi-ra-am istu 20 MA.NA u sapli sa GN a s. weighing less than twenty minas, coming from Mama (or: of the kind made in Mama) CCT 3 18b:4, cf. 1 zi-ru Sa 20 MA.NA (among various objects) CCT 4 20a:10; zi-ra-tim ga qdti PN u PN2 saknatni lublunim let them bring me the s.-s which have been claimed by PN and PN, KT Blanckertz 5:17; qablitam sa abini zi-ra-am u itquram puturma ... sebilam redeem and (send to me here at oi.uchicago.edu siru C sissu WahSugana) our father's qablitu, the s. and sisitu s.; (a part of the loom); SB.* the ladle gis.6e-raLAGABx E.RIM, rg i1 .MINLAGABXSh, [gis]. MINTAGXTOG = si-si-tum (followed by rabitu large, sihirtu small, Ad parsikti, puggultum ibid. 301ff.) Hh. V 298ff.; se-rim LAGABXS = si-si-[tum] A I/2:264, also se-rim (var. za-ri-ih) LAGABXS = si-situm Ea I 85; se-ri-im TAG = sd GI§.TAG si-si-tum A V/1:243, cf. [se-ri-i]m TAG = [sil-si-tum Ea V 60; gis.nir.ra = is ni-ri, a-si-i-tu, si-si-tu, mu-sa-bit-tu Hh. V 308ff. [...] = si-si-i-tum CT 41 28:10 (Comm. to Alu Tablet XXXIX). CCT 4 19b:8, cf. ibid. 15; zi-ru sahirtum elanumma e x-ba-ki-u (obscure) CCT 4 20a:23; uncert.: 10 lu-hu-zi- <nu?> zi-ri- im BIN 4 118:3. Probably a household object. The term ra-bi zi-ri-im is listed provisionally sub seru in rabi seri. Lewy, KT Blanckertz p. 24; Oppenheim, AfO 12 344 n. 4; Bilgi9 Appellativa p. 41 n. 98. §a ulparte le-'-e(?)-[t]i(?) taltebir si-si-is-sa siru C (sirru) s.; (a copper tool with a wooden handle); lex.* you (evil eye) have broken the s. of the expert woman weaver ArOr 17/1 204:11 (translit. only); git.z4.ir = si-i-ri, gis.ze.ir.i.k.e = MIN a-kil Sam-nu Hh. VII A 167f., cf. gis.z6.ir = si-ir-ri = ku-ra-du, gis.ze.ir.i.ku.e = MIN a-kil am-ni = sa-bi-bu Hg. B II 92f., in MSL 6 110; [urudu.z4].ir = si-i-ru, [urudu.zd.ir].i.ku.e = MIN a-kil a-man Hh. XI 416f., cf. possibly urudu. sen.zi.ir, urudu.zi.ir.GAR (vars. urudu.zi.ru. Forerunner to um and urudu.sen.zi.ru.um) Hh. XI, in MSL 7 224:166f. Since the scribes in ,umma tzirdn kima si-si-i-tum if the intestines look like a s. BRM 4 13:54 (SB ext.); obscure: [...] si-si-ti- 4 im-has PBS 1/2 116:5 (inc.?); [Summa ... ] ina si-si-ti mald Haupt Nimrodepos p. 76 No. 40:18 (SB Alu). Probably the harness of the loom or simply the heddle. Ebeling, ArOr 17/1 205. Hh. VII and XI care- fully separate ze.ir (siru and sirru) from za.ra (serru and sarru), the two words have to be kept apart; the former is probably the designation of a tool made of copper and wood. The characterization "oil-eater" could refer to a whetting tool of some type. The explanations in Hg. are not helpful. sissatu s.; (an ornament); OB Qatna*; pl. sissetu. kiddu §A 1 si-is-sa-tu4 (var. -t) hurdsu tamli uqni duS a necklace (having) on it one golden s.-ornament with a lapis lazuli (and) dued-stone inlay RA 43 142:41, cf. ibid. 55, siru D (sfru) s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* also ibid. 144:60, 146:86, 150:123, si-is-e-tu4 urdsi ibid. 180:16. [I]ZI.AN.BIRx (NE) = ir (var. Qu-u[r]) mu-us-nalim (for muslali) Nabnitu XXII 207. To be connected with Heb. qis (pl. sissim) denoting golden floral ornamentation. A synonym for aqqulu. The expression seems to refer to the midday heat. The reading birx for NE is based upon ANan.bl'-NE = mu-us-la-lum Erimhu sirfitu s.; szru adj. Bottero, RA 43 15. sissu s.; manacles, handcuffs; SB.* III 89. majesty, excellence; SB; cf. ].babbar.ra ki.tus nam.lugal.la.zu.r9 nam.mah.zu pa.e.ni.ib : ana Ebabbara 4ubat belutika §i-ru-ut-ka Aupi (O 8amag) reveal your majesty to Ebabbara, your lordly residence AbelWinckler p. 59 BM 33,328:9f. alaredtasi-ru-ta qardtataqlzau you (the gods) have bestowed on him (the king) first rank, majesty (and) heroism AKA 30 i 23 (Tigl. I). cf. also 3 [giA].ma.ri.za = pa-ri-is-su, [gi§.m]a.ri.za. zag.gia.a = MIN si-is-si (followed by MIN issurti) Hh. IV 254f. NI..[ra]h .ha = si-is-su mahis the handcuffs are clamped on Nabnitu XXI 56. ina si-is-si [is qdti] birztu parzilliiddilumma ... adi mahrija ubluni he put him in handcuffs, manacles, (and) iron fetters, and they brought (him) to me (at Assur) Winckler Sar. pl. 34:112; ina GI§ si-is-si iS qdti parzilli biriti parzilliutammeha qdtd u epda Streck Asb. 28 iii 59, for other refs. from Sar. and Asb., see iq qati. 214 oi.uchicago.edu sisfi situ The Sum. designation suggests that the manacles called sissu consisted of bracelets rigidly connected by a bar instead of a chain. Cf. Syr. sessd, "clavus, pinna," Brockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 636a. sisfi Note that it is possible to read the spellings TA§ as t&n, see von Soden Syllabar No. 310. sitat s.; (name of the month of Simanu); SB*; cf. asi. ITI [si]-i-ta4 : ITI.SIG4 .GA 5R 43 i 9. in the month of 8., the month of the son of DN ina ITI si-i-ta§ ITI bi-in dDABA.GAL see susu. sitan adv.; at the rising (of the sun), in the east; SB*; cf. asi, situ. (= Enlil) Lyon Sar. 9 : 57. gis.nim [gis.sigl = si-tan u i-la-an RA 17 124 K.2044 r. i 3 + ibid. 183 D. T. 103:9. Menologies §arru Sa ultu si-ta-an adi Sil-la-an kibrat arba'iibelu the king who has become master of the four quarters (of the world) from east to west Lyon Sar. 23:4, 27:4, 25:5. wr. si-tan ibid. siti§ adv.; like a sunrise(?); SB*; cf. asl, situ. sitat acv.; at the rising (of the sun), in the east; SB; wr. syll. and GIg.NIM; cf. asu, situ. gis.sig = 4i-la-an Antagal a) adverbial use: [ilat] si-ta-d u i(var. Sil)-la-an ba-'d-lat d[Enlil] (Sarpanitu) goddess of all the subjects of Enlil in the east and west BMS 9 r. 41, var. from LKA 48:6, and see Ebeling Handerhebung 68; malki rabiti §a si- TA§ u si-la-an ana kitr[i]unu upaqqdni the great princes in the east and west abided by (the terms of) their alliance with me Thompson Esarh. pl. 16 iv 34 (Asb.). b) with ina: ina GI§.NIM u ,ildn (wr. GI. g§) lc-ma-Si ulzizma harrdnumdla[ku i]ruk: Sunuma (Marduk) placed the lumdnu-stars in the east and in the west and assigned them a course as a way (along which to travel) Craig ABRT 1 31 r. 9 (SB); appears in 5R 43 as a month name from Ur instead of the expected V.Bimuen.KU (see Schneider Zeitbestimmung 73 No. 3). See also the refs., possibly to be read sitan, sub sita§. gis.nim = 5i-TA, D 228f. See Landsberger Kult. Kalender 69, Langdon 116 for this designation, which [da]jdn ili ar ili rabti ma si-TAZ Juil-la-an Su-[... ] (Samar) the ina judge of the great gods, the king of the great gods, who is [... ] in the east and in the west JRAS 1892 352:10 (votive inscr.). c) with ultu ... adi: tenedeti mdtitan §a ultu si-TAS adi Sil-la-an ina emiq ASur belija akuduma the peoples of all the countries which I had conquered by the might of DN, my lord, from east to west Winckler Sar. pi. 24 No. 51:5, cf. OIP 2 152 17:10 (Senn.). ,u-uh-li-i si-ti-il make (it) shine like a sunrise(?) AfO 19 54 r. iv 201 (SB hymn to Istar). situ s. fem.; 1. rise, rising (of the sun), east, 2. birth, emergence, place of growth, habitat, 3. produce, product, offspring (also sit libbi), utterance, command (sit pi), 4. expenditure, debit item, loss, release (with asl or sdit), exit tax, departure, act of leaving, 5. (a gramm. term); from OAkk. on, Akk. Iw. in Elam. (sit §amgi), Sumerogram in Hitt. (E.A.dUTU, see Friedrich Heth. Wb. 270); wr. syll. and A (in mngs. 1 and 4), ZI.GA (in mng. 4); cf. asd, si §ami, sitan, sital adv., siti§, situ in §a sit kiSddi. ba-ab-bar UD = si-it dUTU A III/3:68; ni-gi-in A III/3:213; NIGiN(U+ UD+KID) = si-it dUTU-i dUtu.e = si-it dUTU-9i Igituh short version 121; UDba-ab-ba-raRA = si-it sam-9i Antagal C 39; dUtu. e = si-it dUTU-9i Antagal D 226; u 4 . = si-i-it dUTu-i[m] OBGT I 817 (in all refs. followed by ereb dami); gia.u 4 .bi = si-i-it dUTU-[im] e-re-eb dUTu-i[m] OBGT I 819f.; e.fu.s = a-na si-e-it duTU-i[m] e-re-eb dUTu-im OBGT I 821f.; ka.ta. e= si-it pi-i Nabnitu IV 12. zi.ga = si-i-tum Hh. II 155; zi.ga dili.dili = si-e-tum a-hi-tum special expenditure Hh. II 158; udu.zi.ga dili.dili = immer si-i-td [a-hi-tcd] a sheep (given as) an (extra) expenditure Hh. XIII 169; csh.ba zi.ga : i-na 9A-bi gi-ti expenditures therefrom Ai. VI iv 40; [gii.bAn] dAMAR.UD zi.ga.ta : ina st dMarduk Sa si-ti (measured) with the seah measure (used in the temples) of Marduk for outgoing items Ai. III i 31; gis.ban. = au-i-tu si-i-ti seah measure (used in measuring) outgoing items Hh. VIIA 233; [gis.ba.ri.ga.e] 215 oi.uchicago.edu situ la situ Ic = [MIN (= parsiktu) si]-i-tuc two-bushel measure (used in measuring) outgoing items Hh. VIIA 221. feet on the ground AMT 59,1:28; ina dUTU.E ina kisad nari qaqqara tasabbit me elluti tasallah at sunrise you sweep the ground on the bank of the canal and sprinkle (ritually) nir.g61 dim.me.ir.c.ne unkin.na gar.ra dim.me.ir gal.gal.e.ne ka.ta.e.a.ni.se sunx(bur).na ag.ag.da :etellu il sa ina puhur akna ili rabuti sitlutu si-it pi-i-s4' prince of the gods, whose utterance commands assent in the gathered assembly of the great gods RAcc. 70:4; alim.ma dMu.ul.lil inim.ka.na su.nu.bal.e. d : kabtu dMIN sa si-itpi-i-s la ustepellu the honored one, Enlil, whose command cannot be changed SBHp.9:100f. andp.130:10f.; dUtu.e.ta dUtu. su.a.se tui 5 .Ux(GISGAL).lu tul 5 .mir.ra gui <am. d .d > : istu si-it dUTU-si ana ereb dUTU-si ana suti u iltdnu sisit dli i[sassi] she utters a wailing over the city from the east to the west, (also) to the south and the north SBH p. 83:19ff.; imin.bi hur.sag babbar.ra ba.dim4 .a.mes : sibittisunu inasad si-it dUTU-si irb these seven grew up on the Mountain of the East CT 16 44:86f., cf. (with Sum. kur babbar.ta) ibid. 100f.; zalAg.ta mu.un. si.ib.kukku(MI.MI).ga zaldg.ta ki dUtu.e h .ni.ib.zi.zi(var. adds .e).de : sa ina namari ztenikkila ina namari asar si-it dUTU-si lissuhusu let them snatch him (the demon) who grows ever darker at dawn away from where dawn breaks, the place in the east CT 17 35:80ff., dupl. KAR 46:15f.; e.sa.gal.la : bit si-it lib-bi the household of (one's) offspring Ai. III iii 22. pure water around 4R 25 ii 30 (SB rel.); [s]ulum si-it dUTU-si e-reb dUTU-i ana Marduk bili 8a (0 Nusku) bid Marduk good morning and good evening KAR 58:4; ina si-it dUTU-Si ereb samsi sa'il he has asked (for a sign) at sunrise and at sunset Surpu II 120; Annunim turn ... sa ina dUTU.E dUTU.ST.A udam= maqu ittdtua DN, who renders my omens favorable at sunrise and at sunset VAB 4 228 iii 26 (Nbn.); nepisu annd su[mma] ina dUTU.E summa ina dUTU. S.A teppuma kispit ippas saru if you perform this ritual either at sunrise or at sunset, the spell will be broken KAR 80 r. 19; [summa amelu SAG].KIII-c kilalldn istu dUTU. EN dUTU.S.A ikkalasu (wr. KU"-Si) if both a man's temples hurt him from sunrise to sunset AMT 14,5:11, cf. CT 23 44:7 and 48:17, cf. ina dUTU.E mahis Labat TDP 108:25 and 236:50. c) referring to the sunrise as a direction, the east - 1' in OB: PN PN, ... ullilsu ana [ ... ] x sa-am-si, [... ] x x ga-am-si = si-it dUTUsi, [...] x pi-li-en = KI.MIN <NIM> same <in Elamite> RA 14 167 i 5ff. (syn. list); si-i-tu, li-it-tu, tu-da-a-tu, li-da-a-tu, na-ab-ni-tu = i-li-it-tum CT 18 7 ii 8ff. (= Explicit Malku). si-it sa-am-si panisu iskun PN 2 has freed PN (and) has turned his face towards the east CT 8 48a:6; PN ... sa PN2 ... ana mdrutisa 1. rise, rising (of the sun), east - a) in gen.: atta lu samsumma si-it-ka lu-uS-ta-haan you (the addressee of the letter) are the sun, let me warm myself at your rising BIN daughter, has freed her (from previous slavery and) has turned her face towards the east 7 41:17 (OB let.); iskunusi ... ullilsi [pani]sa ana dUTU.i.A iskun PN2 , who has adopted PN as her BE 6/1 96:8; SAR ... KI.UD SA URU.GIBIL one-third sar of uncultivated land in East New Town VAS 13 24:2; se-im Sa ebirti dUTU.i si-tuk-ka iphuru ilu mdti the gods of the land assemble when you (Samas) rise Lambert BWL 128 i 47, cf. si-tuk-ka us-tdh-ha-na kala abratu when you rise all dUTU.E.A the barley from the east bank (of the river) ARM 2 67:4; mdtam istu sg-ti-sa ana er-bi-sa the land from the east to the west (lit. from its (i.e., the sun's--fem. in Mari) rising to its setting) Studies Robinson mankind warms itself KAR 184 obv.(!) 24; abnu sikinsu kima E-it dUTu-si a stone, the characteristic feature of which is (that it glitters) like the rising of the sun (next line: 104:22 (Mari let.). ereb §amsi) STT 108:74, cf. U si-i-tum tam-sil U is-bab-tum GirRUN-mi SIG u ha-as Uruanna 2' in omens: summa i.GIs ana si-Fit fsal]am-si iptur 3 tu-tu-ru usunim if the oil becomes divided towards the east (and) three I 125. b) referring to the sunrise as a point of time: ina ,ertildm dUTVU. lam pa ana erseti GAR-nu ilatti he drinks (the potion) at daybreak, before sunrise, before he puts his streams(?) move outwards YOS 10 57:8, and passim in OB oil omens; Jumma qutrinnum ina sardqika ana gi-it dUTv-si-im illak if (the 216 smoke) goes towards the east when you oi.uchicago.edu situ 1c situ 2a scatter the incense UCP 9 p. 373:9, cf. ibid. 26, also, wr. si dUTU ibid. 39, 48 and 50 (OB smoke omens); nakrum ina si-it sa-am-s8i ittika tahazam ippus an enemy will do battle with you in the east RA 27 142:31 (OB ext.); GiR ina dUTU.E.A(text .E) ERIM.DAH (there will be) an arrival (of someone) from the east (as) a helper BRM 4 12:42 (SB ext.); summa kulbabe KASKAL dUTU.E sabtu if ants set out eastward KAR 377:5 (SB Alu); Jumma bitu KA.MES- u ana dUTU.E petu if the doors of a house open out towards the east CT 38 12:58 (SB Alu). 3' in rel. and lit.: [ikr]ib MUL KAK.SI.SA kima i[na] [d]UTU.E izzazu a prayer to the star Sirius (to be recited) when it is in the east JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 3:14; dUTU.(UD .E itti baltuti ammani ina KA I was reckoned among the living at the Eastern Gate Lambert BWL 60:83 (Ludlul IV); §a alija Zabban itta abullatisu istit ana dUTV.E sanitu ana dUTU.SU.A itt ana si-it dUTU-8i sanitu ana e-reb dUTU-8i of the two gates of my city, Zabban, one faces sunrise, the other sunset, one faces east and the other faces west Maqlu I 44f.; Antum illakma ina manzazisu [ina KI]SAL.MAH ina muhhi subat hurdsi pansu ana dUTU.E.A iSakkanma usSab Antum goes and, facing east, sits down on a golden throne at her station in the Great Entrance Hall KAR 132 i 19 (SB rit.), cf. RAcc. 72:16; salm sa isse u aa ti[di] ... ina miui ina kisdd nari teleqqi ... panisunu ana dUTU. za-qi-<qi>-is imni the king who counted as nought all his enemies from the east to the west Layard 17:2 (Tigl. III); etlu qardu sa ... mdtati kalasina istu si-it dUTU-li adi ereb dSamsi ibelu the brave warrior who has gained the mastery over all lands from the east to the west Winckler Sar. 48:5, cf. ultu si-it dUTU-Si adi ereb Samsi ABL 277:8; sa ... istu mat Hasmar adi mat Simaspatti KUR Madaja ruqite sa si-it dUTU-i ... iksudu rabitu qdssu (the king) whose strong arm conquered from GN to GN2 the land of the distant Medes (who live) in the east Lyon Sar. 3:14; SU.NIGIN 7 KA.GAL.MES dUTU.E a total of seven gates (facing) east OIP 2 112 vii 84 (Senn.), cf. KA.GAL si-it dUTU-i Streck Asb. 80 ix 109, Thompson Esarh. pl. 14 ii 3 (Asb.), also VAB 4 222 ii 17 (Nbn.); ni S hubut qastijasa sade u tamti si-it dUTU-Si ina libbi useSibma I settled people there who were my share of the booty taken in the mountains and (lands bordering) the Eastern Sea Borger Esarh. 49 iii 11, cf. ibid. 46 ii 27, cf. adi tamti sapliti Sa si-it dUTU-si OIP 2 23 i 14 (Senn.); diru dannu balri dUTU.] Bdbilam usashira I put a strong wall around (that side of) Babylon (which faces) towards the east VAB 4 82 i 15, and passim in Nbk.; midtti istu si-it dUTU-8i adi ereb d Samsi liksudu qdtdja may I conquer with my own hands all the lands from the east to E tasakkan at night, by the bank of a river, you take the figurines (made) of wood and clay and you set them up facing east AAA 22 pl. 13 No. 1 r. i 8 (SB rit.), cf. ibid. 36, KAR 25 i 22; for bil. refs., see lex. section. 4' in hist.: west AKA 219:14 (Asn.); sarru sa ultu si-it dSam-si adi ereb dSam[Si] nagab zamansu sabesu narkabatisu ma-a-du ina mati eliti adi mati sapliti si-it dUTU-as [ad]i erebi dUTU-li magal sulmu his (the pharaoh's) many troops and chariots, from the Upper Country to as far as the Lower Country, (and from) east to west, are (all) the west 5R 66 ii 17 (Antiochus I); MUL dUTU.] dVUT.fJ.A the Star of the East and West BE 8 142:11, see AfO 18 386. U d) designation of a ritual performed at sunrise (only as loan word in Elam.): I, SilhakInsusinak si-it sa-am-si sa-fhi-ial (remainder broken) [made a representation of] a sunrise (ceremony) in bronze (Elamite inscr. on a bronze object with a representation in repousse of a cultic scene, see RT 31 41ff.) MDP 11 No. 93 (- pl. 11):5. very well EA 162:80 (let. from Egypt), also EA 163 r. 4; sa ... sarranieqdite la pddite istu si-it d Sam-si (var. dcSd-mal) adi ereb dSam-si habitat - a) birth, emergence: istu si-ti-ia mamman sa ana ilim ugallilu ul ibalsi there pd istgn usaskin who forced into conformity the wild and uncivilized kings from east to is no one who has committed a sin against the god (Dagan) ever since I was born ARM 1 3:5 2. 217 birth, emergence, place of growth, oi.uchicago.edu situ 2b situ 3b (let. to a deity); Marduk sa ultu si-ti-s' imbiusu abu§u Anum Marduk, (the name) which Anum called him ever since he was born En. el. VI 123; uttulat si-ta-su gasir ultu ulla (already at) his (Marduk's) birth (he) was manly, he has been mighty from the very beginning nu ul si-it u-ri-iaatta 0 mighty Enkidu, you are not the offspring of my womb 45 206:16 (Bogh. rit.); see also CT 18 7 ii 8, in lex. section. 2' sit libbi: anaku RN sarrurabi ... E A-bi salam sarrUtija ina En. el. I 88; RN 2 I, Assurbanipal, the great king, the off- kapi sa sade ina si-it na-ga-bi-sd abni I had a stela, representing me as king, cut in the mountain rock where its (the Tigris') source spring of Esarhaddon Thompson Esarh. pl. 14 i 4 (Asb.); bintu si-it SA-bi-u a daughter (of his, one of) his (own) offspring Streck Asb. 18 ii 70; emerges WO 1 468 r. iii 36 (Shalm. III). ... Gilg. III iv 17; e-se-ku (for asagu, q.v.) si-it dEnlil atta thorn bush, you are the offspring of Enlil ZA mar si-it lib-bi-u ina kakki urassibsu his own b) place of growth, habitat: Assur u Itar son slew him (Sennacherib) VAB 4 272 i 39 gismdhi ereni ... KUR.MES ina qirib KUR Sirara ina puzri nanzuzu usaklimuinni si-i-su-un Assur and Istar showed me the (Nbn.); PN talimsu serramsi-it sA-bi-ia PN, his younger brother, a child (who is) my own offspring VAB 4 62 iii 9 (Nabopolassar); PN place where the cedar trees (suitable for making) beams grow, standing in secluded spots in the midst of the Sirara Mountains OIP 2 107 mdru restd si-it SA-bi-ia Belshazzar, (my) firstborn son, myown child CT 34 27:38 (Nbn.); assu mrat si-it lib-bi-ia tertu epulma ... marat si-it lib- vi 53 (Senn.), also ibid. 120:42; summa GIS. TUKUL imittim ... panulu si-it ri-si-im ittulu bi-ia ana enuti asima I made an extispicy with regard to (my) daughter, my own issue, and I installed my own daughter in the office if the front of the right "weapon" faces the place where the "head" (of the weapon) comes out YOS 10 46 v 38 (OB ext.); obscure: 4 gusire ana hittanu a parakki sa ziqpu s'a si-a-ti VAS 6 221:4 (NB); sapldnum [u]znisu si-tum u-si-im below his (the sick child's) ear an excrescence(?) has appeared Finet, Annuaire of high priestess YOS 1 45 i 20 and 24 (Nbn.); ultu pani RN ... adi MU.6.KAM RN2 ... mar si-it lib-bi-id 104 sanati damqti ... uballitan: ni (Sin) made me live 104 happy years from the reign of Assurbanipal to the sixth (regnal) de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales et Slaves 14 p. 131 A 140:8 (Mari). year of Nabonidus, my own son VAB 4 292 ii 27 (inscr. of Nabonidus' mother), and passim in this text, see also lex. section; Samas u Itar si- 3. produce, product, offspring (also sit libbi), utterance, command (szt pi) - a) it sA-su namra Samas and Istar, his (Sin's) shining offspring (lit. of his shining heart) GIS.ERIN VAB 4 224 ii 40 (Nbn.), cf. Sama ... si-it SA-bi sa Sin u Ningal ibid. 226 iii 12; Kambuzija DUMU si-it sA-bi-[ia] Cambyses, my own son 5R 35:27 (Cyr.); imu PN ana simtu ittalkuma arkisu DUMU si-it SA-bi sa PN 2 mdrsu ittamlar produce, product - 1' in gen.: dannuti si-i-ti sadi eliti mighty cedar trees, the produce of the high mountains VAB 4 116 ii 40 (Nbk.), and passim; asuhi pagluti si-i-ti kinne rabi'iti thick fir trees grown in high mountains YOS 1 44 ii 12 (Nbk.). 2' in sit hurri: urudu.sahar.hu.luh.ha = si-it hur-ri(var. -ru) washed copper ore = product of the mine Hh. XI 336, also Hg. 190 in MSL 8 p. 153. b) offspring (also sit libbi) - 1' situ alone: RN, the pious noble, the elect, the offspring of Babylon BBSt. No. 6 i 2 (MB kudurru); si-i-ti ahrra]-tal the latest (born) offspring (of this RN rubi ndu nasqu si-it Bdbili du isqeti u nikkassi sa PN abiSu ileqqi ki DUMU si-it SA-[bi-u] sa PN 2 la ittamladu PN2 SESsu u bel zittisu ana marutu ileqqema when PN has died, after his (decease) the male issue which has been born to PN 2, his son, shall receive (the right to) the income from prebends and the (other) possessions of PN, his (grand)father, (but) if no male issue has been born to PN2 , then PN, shall adopt his (younger) brother and his (the brother's) partner Nbn. lineage) BBSt. No. 10 i 14 (NB); Enkidu dan 218 380:6 and 8 (= Hebraica 3 15:17 and 19, NB leg.), see ZA 3 366. oi.uchicago.edu situ 3c situ 4a c) utterance, command (sit pt) - 1' referring to the utterance of a deity: Marduk belu rabi sa si-it pi-u ilu mamma la uspellu Marduk, the great lord, whose utterance no god can alter MDP 2 pl. 23 vi 30 (MB kudurru), of. En. el. VII 152; iqbi ina si-it pi-i-si an: nimma lu re'c mupahhiru saphti (Marduk) pronounced with (solemn) utterance, "This certainly is the shepherd who brings together those who are scattered" VAS 1 37 i 31 (NB kudurru); Sa si-it pi-i la uttakkaru la innennc qibissu (Nana) whose command cannot be altered, whose order cannot be changed VAS 1 36 i 14 (NB kudurru), cf. 1R 29 i 20 (SamsiAdad V); iljl rabiiti mala ina nare anne sumu nabi ina si-it pi-i-si-nu(text -TAR, wr. on line 60) elli sa la na[kdri arratlimut]ti lirurusuma may the great gods, as many as (have) their names mentioned on this stela, curse him with a grim curse by means of an utterance of their holy mouths that cannot be annulled OIP 2 85:59 (Senn.); kdta qibitka la innenna likiin si-it pi-i-sc as for you, your command shall be unchangeable, your (text: his) utterance firm (i.e., unshakable) En. el. III 48, cf. lu kenat si-it pi-i-ka la sardr seqarka your utterance shall be firm, your order not be gainsaid En. el. IV 9; [i-n]a si-it KA-ka mitu iballut at your word, the dying become well AMT 93,3:6; si-it KA-ku-nu salamu epi KA- ku-nu baldtumma your command (means) well-being, your word (means) life OECT 6 pl. 22 K.2784:7 + BMS 62:7 (SB rel.), cf. Iraq 18 62:14, also dam(text i-na)-qd-at amatkunu si-it KAku-lu bald[tu] epis pikunu salmu OECT 6 pl. 6:6; for bil. refs., see lex. section. 2' referring to the utterance of a human being: si-it pi-i sa sarri beli[ja] ABL 1110:11 (NA); ana Marduk remeni illiku supua bel mdtdti Marduk simi si-it pi-ia my supplica- tions went to Marduk the merciful, "O lord of (all) lands, 0 Marduk, hearken to my ut- those whose mouths say "No" is before you, quickly you establish (the real meaning of) what their words (say) Lambert BWL 134:126. 4. expenditure, debit item, loss, release (with asd or siisd), exit tax, departure, act of leaving - a) expenditure, debit item (in econ.) - 1' in Ur III: see UET 3 p. 190f. for refs.; 25 UDU gusum ZI.GA KI PN twentyfive sheep (for) the giu-sacrifice, expenditure on the part of PN MDP 10 91:3; 2 (GUR) 5 two gur and five (BAN) NINDA ZI.GA KI PN seahs of (flour for making) bread, debit item against PN ZI.GA S MDP 10 110:2, and passim, also PN ibid. 33:3, and passim. 2' in OA: kaspam Sa altaqqeu ana si-it bit abijama saqqul the silver which I borrowed was paid out for the expenses of my father's household TCL 19 79:20, cf. BIN 4 46:11; URUDU ana si-ti-su uSaqqil he weighed out copper for his expenses CCT 4 33a:11, cf. BIN 6 178:17; lu kaspam lu hurasam ana si-it PN sa saqs qulim usaqqilmasitti kaspim ana PN2 ipqidma he paid the expenses of PN either in silver or in gold, what there was to pay, and he entrusted the remainder of the silver to PN2 OIP 27 57 r. 24. 3' in OB: ina 1 (GUR) 3 (PI) 3 (BAN) SE. GUR sa teziba 4 (PI) 5 (BAN) SE si-i-tum sapils turn 4 (PI) 2 (BAN) SE from the one gur, three and three seahs of barley which you left, (there has been) an expenditure of four PI and five seahs of barley, the balance is (now) four PI and two seahs of barley (this statement leaves two seahs unaccounted for) TCL PI, 1 49:6 (let.); ZI.GA RI.RI.GA sutahrusma ribs bdtam NU.TUK (184 sheep and goats) the debit item (owing to) animals that have died has been deducted, he (the shepherd) has no balance (to be responsible for) TCL 10 24 r. 5, cf. ibid. obv. 11, BE 6/2 2:4; 3 (BAN) SE Sa PN iii rabuti ilqi ZI.GA Sa qdti PN2 three seahs of barley which PN took, outgoing item issued by alsikunisi ana si-it pi-ia utaqqd qilani 0 great gods, I have called unto you, give heed namharti PN u PN2 zI.GA NiG.SU PN3 ten terance" VAB 4 94 iii 46 (Nbk.); PN2 to my words, listen to me CT 34 9:37 (SB rel.), also RA 18 28: 1, restored from dupl. KAR 38 r. 19; ilt ulla pisunu sakin ina mahrika [tu]sahmat si-it pi-i-si-nu tapasar atta the case of 219 PBS 8/2 202:4; 10 LT.NIM SA ERIN ... Elamites, part of the team, received (into custody) by PN and PN,, PN3 is responsible for (their) dispatch VAS 13 13 r. 9; assum kandkdt RI.RI.GA ... u SE ZI.GA DIDLI kandkim oi.uchicago.edu situ 4b situ 4c with respect to sealing the receipts for the animals that have died and for the nonbudgeted expenditures of barley A 3520:8 (let.), cf. VAS 9 36:3, cf. also ZI.GA ahitum ARM 178 r. vi 56 (hemer.); ZI.GA ardi u amti KAR 382r. 38 and 52 (SB Alu); ZI.GA SE(!) Sanis ibissu KAR 427:27 (SB ext.), also si-it imerim YOS 10 25:37 (OB ext.); bel samnim si-tam 9 98 v 45, and passim, see Birot, ARMT 9 p. 290 § 73; obscure: ana si-ti-im (case: si-i-ti) usessi NU i.GUB.BU he (the tenant of a field?) will omens); not be responsible for losses UET 5 232:9; SU.NIGlN 3 lim 2 ME 24 KU.BABBAR ZI.GA LUGAL in all 3,224 silver (shekels), royal ex- penditures Wiseman Alalakh 367 : 20, cf. ZI.GA qati PN ibid. 369:11, note annutim ZI.GA sa RN-[ma) these are the gifts given by Am- mitakkum (when he took the daughter of the ruler of GN as a wife for his son) ibid. 409:44; x barley ZI.GA JCS 8 15 No. 240:6, and passim in ration lists (all OB Alalakh). 4' in MB: SE ZI.GA expenditure in barley BE 15 189:2, cf. ibid. 168: 1 (heading) and 34 (total), also (referring to copper) BE 14 123a:1 and 13, PBS 2/2 139:7, (to hides) ibid. 63:1; naphar x aklu u ZI.GA total x (barley) for home consumption and the expenditure (for MN) Peiser Urkunden 105:15; flour ana ZI.GA LUGAL ibid. 126:3, cf. ibid. 100:5 and 16, ZI.GA sang ibid. 33; SU.NIGiN 8 MUSEN.HI.A wastena ZI.GA- -u-nu altogether eight omen(?) birds lost (this omen means) loss of status, for a poor man (it means) loss of poverty MDP 14 p. 55 r. i 14f. (dream omen), cf. ZI.GA irbi loss of income ibid. 10; [ZIl.GA u saltu ina bit ameli ibasi there will be loss(es) and quarreling in the man's household CT 39 35:39 (Alu); ZI.GA -Su expenses will occur for him (cf. preceding line, ir-bu irrub(Tu)-u income will accrue to him) CT 38 13:96 (Alu), and passim; ZI.GA kabittu ina bit ameli ussi KAR 427:41 (SB ext.), cf. ZI.GA kabitta immar CT 39 45:25 (SB Alu); ZI.GA tubdte loss of good will KAR 178 iii 42, cf. ZI tu-ba-a-ti Dream-book 329 r. ii 7; ZI.GA zi-qit-tim loss of cattle 5R 49 x 4 (hemer.); ZI.GA SU irassi he will have a loss of personal property(?) Dream-book 329 r. ii 15, cf. ZI.GA PRT 103:8; se'am la inaddin zi. GA sad-rat-su (on this day) he should not sell any barley, otherwise his losses will be SU KAR 177 r. iii 2, cf. CT 38 13:81, CT 39 48 BM 64295:3 (SB Alu). 5' in NB: ina ZI.GA upun 12 NINDA ikassar sipdate ZI.GA MU.NI wool-expenditure-names CT 3 3 r. 1 and 4 r. 11 (OB oil SE MAS.EN.DiT ZI.GA SIG5 SE IAL(text LAL).DU ZI.GA LAL(text LAL).DU for a subject constant Wiseman Alalakh 355:13 (MB). RA 16 125 ii 8 (kudurru); the owner of the oil will make an expenditure BRM 1 7:1, and passim in headings, ibid. 6:1, 12:1, 16:1, 24:1 and 8. b) loss (in lit. and leg.) - 1' in omens and hemer.: si-it KU.BABBAR loss of silver YOS 10 25:40 (OB ext.), also ibid. 26 iii 10; ZI.GA SE U Ki.BABBAR loss of barley and silver KAR 176 r. ii 29, v 65 (hemer.); ibissum U si-it GUD (text GA) ina bit awilim ibbaSSi financial loss and loss of cattle will occur in the man's UCP 9 p. 374:17 (OB smoke omens), cf. ibid. p. 376:37; summa amelu gind <a>-dir ... rDUMU(text: KA)1.MES-8~ ... indanuttu si-it ardi u amti TUK.TUK-i if a man is 2' in rel.: si-i-ti(vars. -ti, si-tum) hul[uqq]u butuqqii nuurrd magal saknunimma expenses, losses, privation, and diminution have very severely been inflicted upon me BMS 6:59, and dupls. LKA 52 r. 6, STT 57:74, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 44, cf. ZI.GA U huluqqi ibassu ina bitija BMS 27:13, nusurra u si-itam PBS 1/1 2:15, si-tu nusurru PBS 1/2 124 r. 7, ZI.GA ka-a-a-nam sadrassu KAR 42:12; lu hibiltu li si-tu whether it be misfortune or loss 3' in leg.: for bil. refs., see lex. section. estate constantly gloomy (and) his children die one after the other (and) he is always having (to bear) the loss of slave(s) and servant girl(s) KAR 74:4 (inc.), cf. [Z]I.GA ARAD [U GEME1 KAR BBR No. 45 i 12 (= AAA 22 pl. 11). c) release (with aslor sd): bit anamdrutim erubu anasi-itekallim ustesui they have released the house which I entered as an adopted child (to another lessee) on a lease from the palace CT 29 7a:12 (OB let.); qilstim mala ibassia ... ana si-tim la tusessi do not rent out all existing forests OECT 3 33:26 (OB let.); 220 oi.uchicago.edu situ 4d subatu 5. (a gramm. term): ni-e NI = si-ti ri-qu kanikdt seni sa ana si-i-tim tusesi liqi'amma ana GN alkam take the sealed documents KI.TA-ni is S., an empty form, suffix concerning the sheep which you have given (probably referring to the -ni suffix of the out and come to GN LIH 50:13 and 54:12 (OB eqel PN sa pananum isbatuma inanna imperative in Sumerian) see MSL 4 192. let.); ina qdtika ibalsi summa eqlam su'ati gamersu See discussion sub situ. ana si-tim la tuSesi ina sukigsisu panitim Ad mng. 4a: Landsberger, ZDMG 69 506, 74 442; Walther Gerichtswesen p. 37 n. 4. Ad mng. 4c: Langdon, AJSL 39 137. 20 (BuR) eqlam ... ugarisam Sutramma subilam (with respect to) PN's land, which formerly he held but which is now under your control, if you have not assigned out (as fiefs) all that land, write out and send me (a report on) twenty bur of the former land from which he made his living, field by field BIN 7 9:7, cf. ibid. 14 (OB royal let.), cf. ana CT 8 27b:26 (OB leg.), also 1R 70 ii ZI.GA USe . 11 (MB kudurru); sarru lirimannimabit abija ana si-i-ti la ussi may the king grant me his favor, in order that my family estate should not go out as a fief (to someone else) No. 28 r. 3 (NB kudurru). imerim ababddm u BA.ZI ... ipulma YOS 12 48:16; isiq attu sa bab nerebu Nabi a Ezida bit Nabu adi irbi si-i-ti the gatekeeper prebend of the gate of Ezida (called) Entrance-of-Nabfi, the temple of Nabfi, together with taxes (paid) upon entrance and exit VAS 5 37:3 (NB). e) departure, act of leaving - 1' situ alone: qdti ummeani ahitamma iziz u si-it subati u kaspim dugul (as to) the shares of the principals, stand outside and watch the handing over (lit. the going out) of the garments and the silver! CCT 3 3a:24 (OA let.); si-it kabti the defection of a notable person (will take place) KAR 150:20, cf. si-it rube ibid. r. 1 (SB ext.); ZI.GA bari defection of the diviner BRM 4 12:10 and 25, also KAR 427 r. 31f. (SB ext.). 2' in sita ras to leave: [...].ag : si-ta ir-ta-si he has taken his leave Ai. III iv 11; PN suharam ana leqitim ilqema suharum £s sita[m] irs~ma PN adopted a manservant but that manservant has run away YOS 2 50:7 (OB let.). situ in 9a sit kiSadi s.; garment with a hole for the neck; lex.*; cf. situ. sd si-i[t ki-sa-di] = [...] Malku VI 105, var. a-si-it ki-Sa-di = na-ah-lap-td An VII 196. si'itu s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* bar.gi.DI.li = si-u-tu (in group with puhru, kiisatu, and bar = na-ma-ru, samsu) CT 18 30 r. i 11, and dupl. RA 16 167 iii 25 (group voc.). si BBSt. d) exit tax: abullam u si-ta-am apulma I paid (the hire for the donkeys) the gate tax and the exit tax TCL 10 107:8 (OB), cf. idi A II/1 Comm. r. 12, s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* gis.zu im.tuk : sa-a-am i-u Nabnitu M 265. subatu s. masc.; 1. garment (for men and women, usually made of wool, untailored, blanket-like, covering the entire body), 2. bark of the palm; OA, OB, SB; pi. TUG si-ba-tu-u VAS 7 193:1 (OB); wr. syll. and TUG; cf. subatu in sa (ina) muhhi subdti. tu-6 TUG = su-ba-tum Sb I 156; tu-u4 TUG = si-ba-tum MSL 2 p. 129 iii 7 (Proto-Ea); [tu-u] TUG = zu--pa-tum = (Hitt.) TUG-as S a Voc. H 8'; tu-u, tu-ug TUG = su-ba-td Ea I 163f.; tu-u TUG = su-ba-tum Recip. Ea A v 31; tu-uTUG, tu-ugTOG, te-eTU G, mu-uTUG, bar.LU = su-ba-a-tum Hh. XIX 100ff.; [mu-u]g MUG = si-b[a]-t[um] A VIII/2:102; gis.dudulul.gisimmar = su-ba-tum Hh. III 401; gis.TOG.ME(text: .BA)tu-ba.gisimmar, gis. TGt[u . .] = su-bat bark (of the date palm) ibid. 380f. u h. tu 9 .ba = kal-mat su-ba-ti(var. -te) vermin in cloth Hh. XIV 267; dug.tu9 .ba = kar-pat su-baa-ti earthen storage bin for cloth Hh. X 330; [lu.tug.ka.siR] = [ka-sir su-b]a-te Lu IV 303. tu-ku TAG = ma-ha-su sd TUG to weave, said of cloth A V/1:244, also Ea V 61; [tug.sa].tag. g[a] = [MIN (= ma-ha-su) sd TUG] Nabnitu XXI 11; [...] [iAR] = ka-ma-du sd [TUG] to prepare the warp, said of cloth, [ma-ha]-su id TU[G] A V/2: 296f.; be-irAXA = na-ka-su sd TOG, surAXA = MIN sd MIN Nabnitu J 304f.; PA.TAR.ru, PA.kud.du =qa-a--pu aa TOG ibid. 308f.; td g.i.LU.AG+A = pa-sd-su sd TUG to treat a cloth with grease Nabnitu XXIII 330; [x.e]u.kin = si-e-ru sd TG to treat a cloth with [... ] Nabnitu E 276; si.ga = na-ka-pu id su-ba-ti to pierce a garment Nabnitu 221 oi.uchicago.edu subatu subatu I 93; [si].ig = s[a-ha-tu] s[a TUG] to take off clothes Izi M ii 2; [zi-il] [NUN] = [x-x]-tu4 sd TUG A V/3: 12; ni-gi-in LAGAB.LAGAB = [x-x-(x)]-tu4 sd TUG Diri I 345; [s .sig.sur.r]a = it-tu sd suba-t[i] Nabnitu I 239. tdg.MUmu-ud-raBU, tug.bar.ra.si.il.la, tug. sur.ugu.gam.ma = su-bat a-ris-ti Nabnitu IV 226ff.; tug.bar.ra, tug.bar.ra.si.il.la, tug. nig.ugu.gam.me = su-bat e-r[is-ti] Hh. XIX 242ff.; [tug].MU.BU[mu-ud]-ra = u-ra-su = su-bat ar-su, [T1G].MU.BU = kar-ru = MIN i-dir-te Hg. D 429f., and Hg. B V i 26f.; [tug.Mu].BU = [ka]r-ru = su-bat a-di[r-ti], [tug.MU].BU = u-a-ra-gu-ras= MIN [ar-su], [tdg.nig.dara] = u-i-la-pu-lap = su-[bat ... ] Hg. E 76ff.; tdg.bar.ra = su-bat e-lu-ti, tug.bar.ra.si.a.la, tug.nig.ugu.gam.ma = su-bat e-li-tu4 Nabnitu L 167ff.; [tug.x.x]= [subat] dEN = lu-bul-tu4 (var. lu-Ub-us-tu) Hg. B V i 7, also D 410, C II 20; tu-gi-ir TUG.KAs 4 = U-u (= tukiru), su-bat muk-ku garment made of coarse wool DiriV 128f.; tug.sar.ra.ab = su-b[a-tu ... ] Nabnitu K 90. tuig.ba al.mu 4 .mu 4 : su-bat-su il-lab-bis she will dress herself in clothes provided by him (the husband) Hh. I 362, cf. tuig Bm.mu 4 .mu 4 :U su-bata U-lab-ba-[as] Ai. VI iii 20; sa an.dl tug.ga an.na.kex(KID) : ina libbi andulli sd su-ba-t[i ... ] in the shade of the cloth of the baldachin (of the bed) CT 16 35:20f.; tug.sa 5 tug.ni.gal.la.kex bar.ku.ga bi.in.mu 4 : su-ba-ta sama su-bat namrirrz zumur ella ulabbiska I have clad your pure body in a red garment, in an awe-inspiring garment CT 16 28: 70f., and passim with labasu, q. v.; ni.me. lam.ma.zu es.dEn.lil.la.kex tug.ginx(GIM) bi. dul : puluhti melammeka bit Enlil kima su-ba-ti iktum your terror-inspiring sheen covered the temple of Enlil like a garment Angim II 23; m u. 1u sag.zu.a tug.bi dul.la : sa qaqqadka su-bat tukattimu you who have covered your head with a garment SBH p. 131:50; a.la hul.gal.e tug. ginx mu.un.dul.la : ali lemnu sa kima su-bati(var. -a-ta) ikattamu the evil alE-demon who covers (one) as if with a garment CT 16 1:30f., and passim with katamu, q. v.; a.il.la.zu.ne.ne tig sa 5 in.la.[e].d8 : ana nis idisunu su-ba-tu sama atru[s] I spread a red garment on their (the figurines') uplifted arms AfO 14 149:186f.; tug. mu mu.da.an.sig : su-ba-tl iisahtannima my garment has been stripped off me RA 33 104:31f., and passim with sahatu, q. v.; tdg.kar.ra : suba-tu el-lu SBH p. 121 r. 17f. tu-u, tu-uk, tu-s1, te-[el, mu-[ukl, sa-ap-su, AN. DUL, ir-ku, it-qu-lum, tak-ki-rum, na-ma-rum,ul-hu, tap-du-u, ha-mu-4, pi-ia-am-mu, na-ra-mu, as-di-hu, ki-li-pu = su-ba-tu Malku VI 20-37, also An VII 131-136; su-bat si-ip-pi(var. -pu), qdci-dt-nu = MIN ba-nu-u ibid. 38f., also An VII 138; qd-dt-nu, kubar-tum (var. KU.BAR) = MIN la-bi-rum ibid. 40f.; KU se-ga-u, lam-hu-ub-ju-u = MIN dam-qu ibid. 42 f.; el-lam-me-e = MIN DINGIR ibid. 44; el-lam-me-ti = MIN dGiR (Sumuqan) ibid. 45; e-li-ia-nu, za-hu-u, nam-mu-', pi-ia-mu = MIN ku-lu-li ibid. 46-49; zu-lum-hu-4 = MIN i'-li, MIN qi-ti a i'-li, lam-hus-suu ibid. 53-55; kar-ru = su-bat a-dir-tu, gur-nu = MIN MUG (var. muqqu), te-eb-bar = MIN MIN, qa-at-nu = MIN ra-bu-u (var. qal-pu) ibid. 61-64, vars. from An VII 153ff.; dlr-ra-pa-lil, TUG.SA.HA = su-bat NI-ma-ti ibid. 75-75a; si-bat be-lu-tim = si-lamma-hu, su-bat sar-ri An VII 258f.; h[ud-8]u-u, a[du-m]u-u = TUG sa-a-mu Malku VIII 57f.; su-baa-tdu / na-ah-lap-tu TCL 6 6 iii 5 (ext.). [su-b]a-at se-e-ni = MIN (= [si-pa-a-tum]) Malku VI 6. 1. garment (for men and women, usually made of wool, untailored, blanket-like, covering the entire body) - a) in econ. - 1' in OA - a' in gen.: la aklum isten la esu la TUG.HI.A allubutisina ibalsi there is not one cake of bread (available), no wood, (and) no garments for their (fem. pl.) clothing CCT 4 45b:24, cf. u TtG.HI.A allitabisina sebilamma latbiamma lattalkam and send me garments for them (fem. pl.) to wear, then I can move on and go ibid. 27; bitam iplusuma 161 TUG.II i-ta-db-lu(text -ku) they broke into the house and carried off six garments KT Hahn 3:17; TUG-ba-ti ... inasissikat TTOG- ba-ti su-mi-i PN ula waddl the garments are not marked with the name of PN on the fringes of the garments BIN 4 8:13, cf. sissikdtim sa TUG.HI.A ... waddia KTS 10:13; 3 TUG raqqdtum 2 TUG silipki'u 4 TUG takkusta'i 2 TUG lubuits naphar 11 TUG.HI.A three raqqatu-garments (i.e., of thin cloth) two silipka'u-garments, four takkusta'u-garments, two "dress" garments, in all, eleven assorted garments TCL 4 47:6; si-ba- ta-am sa teppiini tisi ina ammitim lu uruksu samani ina ammitim lu rupussu the garment that you make should be nine cubits long (and) eight cubits wide TCL 19 17:34; sa si-ba-tim panam istenama limSudu la iqat: tupusu su-tu-su lu madat let them comb the surface of the garment once but not teasel it, its weave should be close ibid. 11; isser panim as.-ba-tim Sa tusebilinni saptam 1 MA. NA.TA raddlma lu qatnu on each add one more mina of wool than on the first garment which you sent me so that it may be fine (i.e., closely woven) ibid. 16; panam saniam i-li-la 222 oi.uchicago.edu subatu subatu limsudusu summa sartam ittas'u kima kutanim liqtupusu they should comb the second side .... , and if it still shows (loose) wool, they should teasel it as (one does) a kutanugarment ibid. 19ff.; TUG.HI.A u.-te-qd-ap-ma eppasma usebbalakkum I shall do my best when making the garments and send (them) to you BIN 6 11:19; assumi TUG.HI.A sa taspurannila usebilakkuni libbaka la ilammin do not be angry on account of the garments for which you have written me and (which) I have not sent you (since the girl has grown up, I had to make one or two presentable garments for her to wear in the chariot, and I also made garments for the personnel and the servants) CCT 3 20:15. b' qualifying expressions: see damqu, ebisu, kabtu, kamsu, kutanu (kutinnu), makus hu, matiu, menuniannu, 'iamasuhu,pirikanu (pirakannu), pura'u, qabliu, saptinnu, sitru, sulhu, surpu'd, siru, takkusta'u, watru; TUG. xi-td lu damqitim lu sa qd-tim garments whether they are fine(ly woven) or coarse(?) CCT 4 36a:23, and passim; let them buy TUG. HI.A damqutim u tdr-din(?)-i-tim fine and second-grade garments BIN 6 75:15; anna: kam TUG.HI.A Sa i(?)-kd-bu-du(!) la uteneb: balakkum he can never send you (from) here garments that are worth anything CCT 3 23b:5; TUG.HI.A damqutim sa qerbam salmuni (buy) good garments that are perfect on the inner side BIN 4 63:19. c' other occs.: TUG.HI.A nunappisma we aired the garments TCL 14 28:17; TIG sa sui- ha-ar-tim garment for the slave girl CCT 2 3:19, cf. 2 TUG sa si-uh-r[i-im] BIN 6 249:9, 1 TUG sa lubusim sa si-uh-ri-im BIN 6 84:30; 12 GU 50 MA.NA TUG.HI.A KT Blanckertz 3:14, cf. (similarly weighed garments, as against garments normally counted) MVAG 35 No. 243:15; note Sim 1 TUG BIN 4 177:1, cf. ibid. 141:1; 90 LA TUG BIN 6 167:16; si-batdm asqul CCT 4 43a:40. b[ilam] ibid. 14 (let.); TUG si-ba-a-at awele sattam ana sattim idammiqu atti TUG si-ba-ati sattam ana sattim tuqallali (other) people's garments get better from year to year, but you let my garment get worse from year to year TCL 18 111:7 and 10; §i[na] TUGo s-ba<ti>.HI.A eMitim two new garments ibid. 21; ana TUG sic-ba-ti-ia [is]ten tattanahdari but you are (already) getting excited about my having one garment ibid. 22 (let.); si-ba-ti (<a> mahrikunuma eressija attanallak lubar: tam istdt sibilanim (at least) one garment A 3534:25 (let.), cf. si-ba-ti-su-nu tuhtammis UET 5 26:23; 1 TUG si-ba-tum 1 MA.NA SIG YOS 12 164:21 and 25 (econ.); 48 us cloth (to be) 48 (cubits) long, he (the weaver) weaves 0,20 (one-third of a cubit) per day MKT 1 148 r. i 47, see Waschow, AfO 11 246, and Thureau-Dangin, TMB 33 No. 67; x silver SAM 3 MA.NA adamatim ana sihim Sa TUG dGiR. UNU.GAL the purchase price of three minas of red wool for the .... anumma PN ibid. 11, cf. of the clothing of (the image of) Nergal TCL 10 100:37 (OB), cf. wool ana TUG dEN.KI SA Larsamk i Riftin 61:3, u TUG dEN.KI SA Eriduk i ibid. 4; TUG 1 GIN KX.BABBAR ulabbassu he will provide him (the hired man) with a garment to wear worth one shekel of silver ibid. 36:8; tamkarum sa PN-ma qd-ra-an(!) si-ba-ti-sa sa PN 2 ul isabbat PN's creditor has no right to seize the hem of PN 2 (PN's slave girl, whom he has given as a pledge ana kzma idisa to a third person) Waterman Bus. Doc. 74:7; qa-ra-ansd- ba-at belija asbat bell qdti la inappas I seized the hem of my lord's garment, may my lord not brush off my hand ARM 6 26 r. 8', cf. Semitica 1 18:10, and (with wufuru) RHA 35 p. 72: b 15'; TUG lubbisma wassir clothe (him) with a garment and release (him) ARM 129:10, with my mother," TCL 18 84:6, TUG si-ba-tum ina UD.1.KAM 20 im-ha-as a piece of no wear? YOS 2 106:16 (let.); si-ba-tam sa taddinusum humussu strip him of the garment you have given him cf. ibid. 10:17. to is with TUG 2' in OB: kima TUG sz-ba-ta-am la labslku ul tide do you not know that I have garment my garment you, I am running around naked-send me 3' in RS: should PN declare, "I am going TGa-u ina GIS.SU.A TUG su-ba-te-e-i[a] itbala[nni] licku[n] littalak let him deposit his garment and TIJG si-ba-ta-[am] isten §u on a stool and walk off (naked) 223 MRS 9 126 oi.uchicago.edu subatu subatu RS 17.159:26; lu unit siparri ... lu a[rdu] lu amtu lu TUG lu GADA any (silver, gold, kima TUG labsdku arna al-me-[in] with countless sins am I clad, as with a garment bronze or) copper objects, slave, slave girl, garment or linen (that the daughter of the king of Amurru has acquired in Ugarit) MRS 4R 59 No. 2:25, see Bab. 7 141; see also lex. section. 9 127 RS 17.396:9. b) in lit. - 1' in gen.: akalam ula esebbi si-ba-ti tdbam ula iSu I do not have (even) bread to satisfy my hunger, I have no decent c) in rit.: dUtu e.a.na tu.ra.na.Bs sag.zu u.me.ni.dul : kima dSamas ana bitisu erebi su-ba-ta qaqqadka kuttimma when Samas enters his house, cover your head with (your) garment CT 17 19:34f., cf. adi attald Gilgames ihtamas TUG-[su] he undid his belt, unammar nise mati su-bat qaqqadisunu sdah(!)-tu ina lubarasunu qaqqassunu katmu until the eclipse comes to an end (lit. until he, the moon, clears up the eclipse), the people of the country remain with their headdresses removed, (and) keep their heads covered with garment for myself TCL 1 9:6 (OB lit.); lu ubbubu si-ba-tu-ka qaqqadka lu mesi your garments should be clean, your hair washed Gilg. M. iii 10 (OB); sui iptur qabliu ... Gilgames stripped off his garment Gilg. X iv 10; their garments BRM 4 6:21 (rit.); LU.BI TUG- pudasa elleti su-ba-ta ul kuttuma her holy shoulders are not covered with a garment su isahhat this man takes off his garment su-ba-ti-is they plucked wool-bearing trees and wove (the cotton) into garments OIP 2 116 viii 64 (Senn.); labisma Sa la tine su-ba-t he was clad in a garment which he could not the clay figurine of the dead person with a AMT 72,1 r. 26, cf. marsu TUG-SU isahhat BBR No. 53:4; TUG UD.U[D] [M]U 4 .MU 4-as he Gilg. XII 30 and 48; I brightened the dulled luster (of the images) su-bat-su-nu ar-scu puts on a clean garment AMT 72,1 r. 27; TUG. he ubbib and cleaned their soiled garments BI unakkar TUG UD.UD MU 4 .MU 4 [...] on a clean garment (and) puts removes this Borger Esarh. p. 23 Ep. 32:15, and cf. the parallel ana sunbut zimeja ubbub su-ba-te-ia garment KAR 184 r.(!) 47; the mason of this temple TUG UD.UD ultabbas puts on a clean Gossmann Era I 141; just as this colored wool mar ispari ana su-ba-ti la ubarramu no garment RAcc. 9:14, etc., also maSmasu TUG SA5 illabbiS ABL 24:14, and salam miti ... weaver will weave into a colored garment Surpu V-VI 115; issu nas ipati ibqumu imhasu TUG SAg TUG tilles MU 4 .MU 4-su you clothe change STT 38:10 (Poor Man of Nippur), and passim in this text; su-ba-a-ti essu ... la utahha ana zumrija su-bat naksu labsakuma I did not put on a new garment, I was wearing a torn garment AnSt 8 46 i 23f. (Nbn.), cf. VAB 4 290 i 13. MDP 2 pl. 23 vi 49, cf. saharSubba zumursu kima su-ba-ti lilabbissuma BBSt. No. 11 iii 3, also saharsubba ina zu[mrisu] kima su-ba-ti lihal[lipuu] AAA 20 pl. 100 No. 105 r. 34 (Adn. III); [...] klma su-ba-ti nalbulku I am clothed [with ... ] as with a garment Lambert BWL 178 r. 4 (fable); ald zumrl itediq su-ba-ti the al-demon clad himself with my body (as ibid. 42 ii 71 (Ludlul II); d) in omen texts and hemerologies: summa awelum su-ba-at-si magal ittanarrad if a man's garment is always hanging very much AfO 18 65 ii 4 (OB physiogn.), cf. si-ba-at-s warid his garment hangs ibid. 6, si-ba-at-su ina pagrisu la ikanma magal ittanashat his garment does not fit his body and keeps moving greatly out of place ibid. 8, also ibid. 2; 2' in comparisons, etc.: saharsubba kima su-ba-ti pagarsu lilabbisma may he envelop his body with leprosy as with a garment with) a 'garment red garment and its sash ABL 461:2. summa amelu TUG sarrilabis if a man is clad in the king's dress CT 40 9 Rm. 136:14 (SB Alu), cf. summa amelu TUG GG labiS if a man (in a dream) is clad in a black garment MDP 14 p. 50 i 20; summa sassu ... TUG ameli lkul if moths eat a man's garment BRM 4 21 r. 22, also ibid. r. 19, cf. summa szsz TUG ameli ikul CT 40 34 r. 23 (SB Alu); Summa amnlu KI.MIN (= ium ana iii utninnu) TG-SU ikkccis if a man tears his garment on the day he prays to the god CT 39 38 r. 7 (SB omens); Summa amdlu [TIG-Sl ina KI imassar if a man 224 oi.uchicago.edu subatu subatu lets his garment drag on the ground CT 39 42 K.2238+ ii 6 (SB Alu); Summa TT G-SU unak kas u bindtiSu idammd if he (the patient) tears his garment to pieces, and his arms and my princely dress Borger Esarh. 43 i 56, cf. TUG su-ba-tu belitisu uLarritma OIP 2 156 No. 24:12 (Senn.); lub[u]lti sarritisuishutma (with bindtisu nad his arms and legs are basdmu su-bat bel arni ediqa zumursu he stripped off his royal attire and girt himself with a sack, the garment of the sinner Borger stiff?) ibid. 45, also Summa TUG-SU ittanaddiu Esarh. 102 Gbr. II i 3; [Ka] TUG.UD.1.KAM labu ittenerrub if he constantly throws off his garments and slips into them (again) ibid. 46, (figurines) clad in everyday garments AMT cf. TUG-sa ittanaddi ibid. 214:13, TUG-SU it: tanassuk ibid. 92:28 and 232:16; the shepherd you clothe them (the figurines) in everyday legs have convulsions Labat TDP 182:44, cf. 2,5:3, cf. TUG.HI.A UD.1.KAM tulabbassunuti garments BBR No. 52:6, and passim, imakkal; tuesabsuncti TUG.HI.A of the numerous people (i.e., the king) must not eat meat roasted in coals (nor) bread (made in a) covered pit TUG pagrisu ul unak kar he must not change his undergarment 4R 33 iii 36, and passim in hemer.; sarru .. . see TUG.GADA tal-me-su-nu-ti you make them (the figurines) sit down and wrap them in a piece of linen BBR No. 49 vi 8; for TUG.GADA, see qit; for TUG.KUR.RA (read TUG sad-ra), see sadru. TVG-su ubbab (uD.UD) the king may clean his garment KAR 178 r. i 41, and passim in hemer., cf. summa ina ITT MN sarru TUG-SU ubbib 4R 33* iv 19. iltdni AMT 3,2:7, cf. KAR 21:16; abnu ikinsu kima TUG.BA gisimmari NA4 alallu Sum[su] e) in special mngs.: labsuma kima issuirc su-bat (var. su-ba-at) kappi (the dead) are clad, like birds, in feather garments CT 15 of a palm tree is alallu STT 108:21; see Hh. III 401 and 380f., in lex. section. 45:10, var. from KAR 1:6, cf. also labsama kma issuri su-bat kap-pi Gilg. VII iv 38, and STT 28 iii 4; tug.gal.gal.la sed 7 .de ba. an.gam : labi su-ba-a-ti rabiti ina kicsi u8(text it)-mi-it he let him who was clad in elaborate garments freeze to death SBH p. 2. bark of the palm: TUG gisimmari sa the name of the stone that looks like the bark The word subatu disappears from general use after the OB period and occurs later on only in literary texts. It is replaced by lubaru, lubartu, lubisu, lubustu, etc. Since these words are also, though only rarely, attested in OB texts, the reading of TUG is not necessarily always subatu. The logogram TUG.HI.A (when 78:33f., also ibid. p. 111 No. 58:15f., and dupl. BA 5 618:29f., 4R 23 No. 1 ii 3f.; sarru ebbiti not referring to a number of different garments) has to be read lubdru or lubuKu labi rabbati ittalbisaTfG the king is clad in (q.v.). The garment called subatu was normally clean (garments), has put on the royal (lit. made of wool and used by both sexes. It great) attire Craig ABRT 1 7:13 (NA); nanduq seems to have been the main, indispensable ersu su-bat bal-ti the wise man wears a piece of apparel. The commercial texts gorgeous garment (the fool is clad in a describe the subatu according to the quality bloodstained rag) Lambert BWL 228 iii 13; of the wool, or the quality or nature of the ittabal su-bat balti Sa zumrisa he took away weaving, or they use geographical terms the gorgeous garment she wore (lit. of her indicating similar specifications. The quantibody) CT 15 46:60 (Descent of Istar), cf. ibid. 61 ty of subdtu's was normally determined by and r. 39, also tediqi (var. tediqa) lu labiasu-bat counting, rather than weighing, them. The baltiSu as attire he should wear a gorgeous garment seems to have consisted of a square garment (beside parsigu sa qaqqadisu) Gilg. piece of fabric of standardized size and weight XI 243 and ibid. 252; sarru me irammuk TUG without tailoring or surface decoration. npele ebba ultabba the king takes a bath, clothes himself with a clean ritual garment subitu in sa (ina) muhhi subiti s.; keeper BBR No. 26 iv 35; labs'ku &i-ba-at i-lu-tim of the (divine) wardrobe; NB*; cf. subdtu. OECT 6 pi. 12:25, see JRAS 1929 786; "Woe!" 15 I cried, su-bat rubutija uSarritma and rent PN Sa muh-hi su-ba-a-ta (among witnesses, preceded by PN Sa muhhi quppu) UCP 9 98 225 oi.uchicago.edu subbin subbu No. 35:28; x gur ina kurummatisu PN (perhaps the same person) da ina muhhi su-bat su-ub-bu-u, pu-qu-4, b[it]-ru-i, na-ta-lu4 = da-galu An IX 28ff.; su-te-nu-u = su-te-es-bu-z, su-tahu-d Malku IV 191-191 a. BIN 2 133:54. subban s.; (a measure of length); SB, NB. a) in metrological tables: 5 (x 3.600) : 10 su-ub-ban BE 20 30 i 17, [x x] as-lu [s]uub-ban ibid. 20, 30.5x 60 sd-la-d" aS-lu su-ubban ibid. 25, and see Hilprecht, BE 20 p. 35f.; GAR 10 GI [5 su-ub-ban]GAR RA 23 33:7 (Assur tablet copied by Thureau-Dangin). b) in lit.: [....] miliiu 1 Uv.TA.AM su-ub- alu (and one) subban Borger Esarh. 24 Ep. 34:30f., var. from ibid. Fassung b 20). The subban measures ten qanu or half an aslu, i.e., 120 cubits. Hilprecht, BE 20 p. 35f.; Thureau-Dangin, JA 1909 87. ly), view the entire brickwork Gilg. I i 17, and cf. temenna hitma libitta su-ub-bi ibid. XI 304; dugul ibrz matu ... su-ub-bi tdmtum look, my friend, the land! encompass the sea with your eyes! ban [...] [x] is its height, one vu (i.e., five aslu and a) subban each [its ... ] CT 22 48 r. 11 (mappa mundi); ziqqurratuds-lu su-ban iddu ds-lu su-ban (var. ds-lu u su-ub-ban) putu the temple tower's length and width were (one) 1. to look upon something from afar, to obtain a comprehensive view: temennu itma libitta su-ub-bu inspect the foundation (close- Bab. 12 pl. 10:20 (Etana); kallatu kuttumtu dGula sa man-ma la -sab-bu-'i assum (text DvU for MU) dUTU.fSr qabi the veiled bride (is) Gula because nobody may look upon her (even) from afar, it is said (so) with reference to the sunset KAR 94:6 and dupls. (Maqlu Comm. to Maqlu I 2), see G. Meier, AfO 12 240 n. 26; ullilsi a-nasu-ub-bi-i he made her splendid to look at from afar (he filled her [with ... ]) ZA 5 67:38 (SB lit.); indja bitrumama ul 4-sab-ba-a although my eyes are full of color, they cannot see from afar ibid. 80 r. 13; summa KI.MIN (= birsa) murma u-sa-ab-bi if (when) he sees a luminous *subbiru see sumbiru. phenomenon he sees it from afar CT 38 29:42 (SB Alu), also, with la 4-sa-ab-bi ibid. 43; subbu s.; (mng. unkn.); SB.* 4 kakkabani x ana su-ub-bi(-)i [x] bi (in miqittasa assuh temenSu 4-sab-bi-ma I removed its damaged parts and surveyed the broken context) ACh Sin 13:23, see Weidner Handbuch der Astronomie p. 116f. Possibly to be read su-ub-bi-i and considered a verb. For discussion see sumbu. subbu see sumbu. subbfi (suppg) v.; 1. to look upon something from afar, to obtain a comprehensive view, 2. 11/2 to be perceived, 3. to form a concept, to carry out a concept, to complete work according to a preconceived plan, 4. sutesbd to execute work according to plan, 5. sutesbi (uncert. mng.); OB, SB, NB; II, 11/2, III/2; cf. musappi'u. igi.s. igi.svDd.ag.a, igi.SDu.d.bar.ra, bar.ra = su-ub-bu-u Nabnitu I 190ff.; igi.sDud. 1l, igi.svDud.ag.a = s[u-ub-bu-t] Igituh I 12f.; igi.suvDd.da.ag.a (vars. UD.suDUd.da.ag.a, igi. SUDud. ag.a) = qu-ub-bu-u (between atu and natdalu in a group) Erimhus V 133; ba-Ar BAR = 4su-ub-bu-4 [d4 ... ] A 1/6:309. (entire) foundation Borger Esarh. 74:32; papdhi belitisu u KI.MES 4-sa-ab-bi-ma ... eli temen labiriSu addd usssa I surveyed his (newly discovered) lordly abode and the emplacements(?) (of the images) and laid the low brick courses upon the old foundations VAB 4 256 i 39 (Nbn.), cf. the obscure temenna ihituma u-sa-ab-bu-u' simatim ibid. 240 ii 57 su -ub-bi sihram sabitu qdtika look (with pride) upon the child who holds your (Nbn.); hand Gilg. M. iii 12. 2. II/2 to be perceived: sipik eperf rabiti elisu isapkum ala us-sa-ab-bu-u kisurSu large piles of rubble and dust had accumulated over it (the temple's emplacement) and (even) its outlines could not be perceived VAB 4 236 i 38 (Nbn.). 3. to form a concept, to carry out a concept, to complete work according to a preconceived plan: ina sasurri agarinni Jlittija kini ip 226 oi.uchicago.edu subbfi subbutu palsannima u-sab-ba-a nabniti (the goddess Belet-ili) looked kindly upon me (while still) in the womb of my mother and created my features (as she conceived them in her mind) OIP 2 117:3 (Senn.), cf. sa ... dNanna(r) ... u-sa-ab-ba-anabnissu RA 11 110 i 11 (Nbn.), cf. gattaki usarrih nabnitki -sab-bi Maqlu VII 69; (I, to whom DN assigned a royal fate while still in the womb of my mother) DINGIR.MAH alamdimme b~elti 4-sab-bu-u [...] whose features DN made into the perfect image of a lord Streck Asb. 254:7, for coll. see Bauer Asb. 2 84 n. 3; the seal cylinder Sa RN ... salam dSin ... 4-sa-ab-bu-u-ma ibndi serusu upon which Assurbanipal had engraved a likeness of Sin according to his (Assurbanipal's) own concept VAB 4 286 x 37 (Nbn.). 4. Kutesbi to execute work according to plan: if a builder built a house for somebody Sipirsu la us-te-es-bi-ma igarum iqtip but did not execute it according to specifications, and the wall buckled CH § 233:96; mu-us-tees-bi parsi rabitiSa dlNNIN he who organized the rites of Istar according to his plans CH ii 63; bit DN belija us-te-es-bi-ma .. sumsu abbi I finished the temple of my lord Enlil according to plans and gave it its name AOB 1 22 iii 5 (Samsi-Adad I), also subat dEnlil belija Sa ina sipir nemeq itinnitim su-te-es- bu-u ina qiribalija ... abni in my city (Assur) I built the abode of my lord Enlil the architecture of which was executed according to an elaborate plan ibid. ii 11; bitat agurri supalusSu sa mamma la i-i-da ina his[s]at nemeqi madis lu ul-te-es-bi underneath it I executed, according to highly intelligent plans, the rooms made of kiln-fired bricks to which nobody had paid any attention (before) ibid. 40:15 (Assur-uballit I); ana .iOR. IMIN.AN.KI ... [i-te]-ed-du-si ... atriS ana dummuqi kima sitir same ana su-te-es-bi-i ahartisirimsu in order to have (the grantee, a learned architect) renew Euriminanki (the temple tower of Borsippa), to embellish (it) to a (still) greater extent and to make it as perfect as the stars (lit. the writings) of the sky, he (the king) granted him (a field) forever BBSt. No. 5 ii 28 (NB); us-ta-as-bi-sum-ma(var. ul-te-es-bi-um-ma) sunnit ili usp[a] (Anu) 15* made him (Marduk) perfect, giving him a double godhead En. el. I 91, cf. [ul]-te-es-bi (in broken context) Gilg. I ii 3. 5. sutesbu (uncert. mng.): [summa KI.MIN] siru ina suqi us-te-es-bi-sc-ma dissu ikimsu if ditto (i.e., on the first of Nisannu ... ) a snake in the streets .... -s a man and (thus) deprives him of his virility CT 38 34:19 (SB Alu). The basic connotation of this verb is suggested by the Sumerian correspondences which all stress the seeing from afar (sh.ud). The Malku passage in the lex. section which gives sutesbu as explanation of sutind may belong to mng. 4. The usages sub mng. 3 are paralleled by the phrase nabniti ... ustenni KAH 2 84:6 cited end mng. 3. The passage [...] kin.ga.a ba.ab.AG.AG /i[m .. .i]gi.sh.ud.l1.e : i e-te-em-mi-su a-na sa-ka-an dab-di-e sa-b[u]-f[d KAR 128:30, and ibid. p. 349 (addenda), has been omitted, although the correspondence igi.s ih.ud.l1 = subbd is well attested, because the use of sabd instead of subbd would be unique, the text is damaged, and because the context seems to demand sebi, "to wish," as is suggested by the use of the verbs eresu and saramu in the preceding lines. The entire passage is unintelligible. Bauer Asb. 2 p. 84 n. 3. subbf see subd. subbulu v.; (mng. uncert.); lex.* gA.ga = su-ub-bu-lu, i.RI = MIN Sd IM.DIR Antagal III 140f. Variant of zubbulu as attested in i.RI = zu-[ubl-bu-[l]u Izi V 72, [i]. RI= zu-ub-bu-[lu], [g4].ga = MIN Sa GA[B] Antagal D 52f. All these lex. refs. cited zabalu v. lex. section may have to be distinguished from zabalu, "to carry." subbutu (sabbutu) adj.; 1. collected, connected, 2. arrested, 3. lame; SB, NA, NB; cf. sabatu. 227 16.dhg.l& = tu-[ubl-bu-kum, 16.dug.dab = siub-bu-tum OB Lu Part 7:12f., cf. 16.dig.dub = si-bu-tu, li.dug.lA = tu-bu-kum OB Lu A 384f. oi.uchicago.edu subitu suddu 1. collected, connected: 30 SE.GA.SE uin saparu; see however se-pe-rusa IaI (for pani?) BRM 4 33 i 1, cited seperu lex. section. eddnitu lu sa-bu-tu-tu thirty (days of MN), examined as to their favorableness, either subutu see sibdtu A. isolated or connected (i.e., consecutive) KAR 178 r. iii 73, also ibid. r. ii 79 and r. v 7; 30 SE. suid pani s.; vertigo (lit. spinning of the GA.SE sa-bu-tu-tu ibid. iv 39, and cf. ibid. vi 6 and face); SB, NB; wr. syll. and IGI.NIGIN.NA; KAR 179 iii 14; 30 SE.GA.SE lu sa-bu-tu-tu cf. sddu A. KAR 178 r. iii 25, etc. (all SB hemer. using the Ass. form sabbutu), note su-ub-bu-tu-ti K.4093 r. ii 5, dupl. of KAR 178 iii 67. 2. arrested: DAM.GAR.MES su-bu-tu Tn.-Epic "v" 5; uncert.: LU su-ub-bu-tu-tu LU te-'i-ni-e PSBA 31 pl. 19:11 (NB let.), see Ebeling Neubab. Briefe No. 297. 3. lame: see OB Lu, in lex. section. dSamas... si-ud pa-ni sakak uzni u ubbur mesreti [ana si]rikti lisruksu may DN afflict him with vertigo, deafness, and paralysis in all limbs MDP 6 pl. 11 iii 4 (NB kudurru); SAG. KI.DIB.BA-a 8u-ud pa-ni u ane temu tepusanni tusepisanni you have bewitched me, (or) have had (others) bewitch me, with (a spell resulting in) seizure of the temples, vertigo, subitu (supitu)s. fem.; 1. dyeing, 2. soaking (a field); NB; pl. subdtu, supidtu; cf. sabd. 1. dyeing: 10 MA.NA PN LU sa-bu-4 a-na su-bi-ti ten minas (of wool)-the dyer PN for and madness Maqlu IV 15, cf. MaqluI 91; the sorcerers who afflicted me with zikurudd kadibbidd [...] gUR.HUN.GA IGI.NIGIN.NA ID. "cutting of the ]E.GAL.KU 4 .RA GUR.R[A breath" magic, aphasia, .... , vertigo, failure dyeing VAS 6 8:5. at (lit. returning from) the river ordeal, being 2. soaking (a field): [ana] su-pi-ti sa fD [x] andku mamma ul umass[ir] as to me, I have not released anybody for the soaking (of the summoned to the palace inc.). fields) of/from the [...]-canal CT 22 209:11 (let.); su-ba-a-tu4 u [LU].G.GAL ul etir (for translation see sapitu) VAS 3 227:9; uncer- sudannu see suddnu. sudanu (sudannu)s.; (a tree); lex.* tain: money given ana su-ub-bi-tu4 mahritu VAS 6 192:4, VAS 6 309:8. money given ana 2 su-pi-a-ta gis.gal, da-nu (var. ti.a.num MSL 5 133; sudatu lex.* su'bu see suppu A. subf (or subbi, supi, suppd) s.; uncert.); plant list. * (mng. ur = la-al LAL = a-la-lu, si-du-u Ea I 248, 248 a. SA 7 .ALAN = bu- un- <na>-nu-[d], si-bu-u[r pa-ni], bu-i-[nu-um] Proto-Diri 529ff.; [SA7 ].ALAN = sd-bur p[a-ni], liril-[bu], bu-un-[na-nu-u] Imgidda to ErimhuS A 20'ff. Either to be connected with sabdru A, which describes lip and eye movements, or to be read supur pani and connected with (part of a wagon); suddu v.; to provide with food, to provision; OB, Bogh., SB; cf. siditu, sudd. bu-un-na-an-nu-u, s-bu- ur(var. -bur) pa-ni Diri VIE 88 f.; (or suttu) s.; Perhaps to be connected with sddu A. subur pani (or supur pani) s.; facial expression or grimace; lex.*; cf. sabdruA. SA 7 .ALAN gis.pes.gal, gis.su.da.num = susu-dan-ni) Hh. III 449ff., cf. gi.su. OB Forerunner to Hh. III line fl, in [gis ... ] = [su]-da-nu Nabnitu O 256. gis.KUM.mar. gUM, gis.tir.mar. SUM = su-daat MIN (= ma-a-a-al-tu) Hh. V 63f. ku-ia-a-td : AS su-bu-u sd IGI A.ME (var. gd ID) Kocher Pflanzenkunde 19 ii 15, var. from ibid. 12 i 88. uk-tin AfO 18 290:13 (SB PN su-di-a-am-ma turdassi provide PN with some food and send her to me VAS 16 130:6 (OB let.); sanem imsiu -sa-ad-da-as-Ju- nu-ti-ma ana sir belija atarradassuniti the next day I will give them (the envoys) provisions and send them on to my lord RA 42 68 No. 9:21 (Mari let.); ana andundn annanna mar annannanadndku s-ud-dd-ku I (a figurine) have been given as the substitute for 228 oi.uchicago.edu suhartu sudduru so-and-so, son of so-and-so, and have been given provisions si(text su)-di-e K.11004:16 (SB Alu), also in ACh Supp. 2 Istar 82; sa ... IGI.MES.MU u-sa-an-da-ru (corrupt var. for panija us-sa-na-du, see sddu ZA 45 202 ii 17 (Bogh. rit.); NINDA.HAR.RA the ghost SE.BULJG bappiraNINDA ab-la ti-sa-da-su you provide it (the figurine) with groats, malt, beer-wort (and) dry bread as travel provisions KAR A mng. 3) KAR 267 r. 8; [ilu isten qu]-bu-hu 22:19 (SB rit.), cf. su-di-e tu-sa-ad-di-§i (var. DIRI = tumalla) ZA 16 196 iv 3, var. from KAR 239 iii 5, also 4R 56 i 27, su-di-e annzti tu-sa-addi-si-nu-ti 4R 55 r. 30, also su-di-e tu-sa-add[a-si] KUB 37 66:6' (all Lamastu), also [sud]i-e tu-sa-da-su KAR 74:11 (rit.). 28 v 38' in AnSt 10 124, also ibid. 41' and iv 32' su-un-dur pu-us-sul [there is a god] who is bald(?), twitching(?, or: blinking?), lame STT It remains uncertain whether the Ea passage cited in the lex. section belongs here. [ig]i.[x] = [su-u]n-du-ru (followed by [za]rriqu with speckled eyes) Igituh I 19; [x]-x-rum = sudu-rum (followed by sipatum) An VIII 39. a) in gen.: summa sinnistu su-un-du-ru (var. su-un-du-ra)ulid if a woman gives birth CT 27 5:33, var. from ibid. 4:3, 14:34 (SB Izbu). b) as a personal name - 1' sunduru: Su-du-rum UCP 10p. 154 No. 88:8 (OB Ishchali) ; PN DvMU mSc-un-du-ri BE 14 111:17, also PBS 2/2 47:14, Si.-un-du-ri ibid. 108:8 (all MB). ina UD.3.KAM UD.29.KAM enema uSta4Seru GIS.MA.SA.HIA teppus s4-di-S4nu tessih on the third (or?) the 29th day, when the spirits of the dead are mustered, you make a sailboat (and) load it with travel GIDIM provisions for them KAR 184 r.(!) 29 (SB rit.), cf. ibid. obv.(!) 6, cf. su-di-[e...] ABL 461:6 (rit.); [dlSIG 4 ina GIS.MA.SA.HA qadi si-di- suidu in 9a isudi s.; melting pot; lex.*; cf. sadu B. said of the nose: [Summa ... ] u-sa-an- dar imdt if he twitches(?) [his nose], he will die (in the section referring to the patient's ... 3 264 (Sar.); for sude suddu, see suddd. sudduru v.; to twitch the eyes or the nose; SB*; cf. sudduru adj. Summa tuhdi u nibe niseja usdkilma su-ud-di-e takbitti Sa tajarti KUR Alsur epusu ina hid ti I fed my men with rich and ample food, and they joyfully prepared sufficient travel provisions for the journey back to Assyria TCL 23 374:74 (SB rit.), cf. ibid. 372:52; obscure: 1 su-di-e a MA.NA KU.BABBAR ana PN [...] paspasisa [... ] Moore Michigan Coll. 52:10 (NB); The An ref. may belong under suduru. nose) Labat TDP 54:13; 1 (PI) ZI.DA si-di-e PN mar sipri Sa PN 2 one PI of flour, the travel provisions of PN, e-[su iSakkanu] they place DN in a sailboat, together with travel provisions for him ZA 2' sundurtu: fS-un-du-ur-tum BE 15152:4, also fSi-un-dir-tu[m] ibid. 168:7. a) sudu s. pl. tantum; travel provisions; OB, SB, NB; cf. sudd. the messenger of PN2 VAS 13 48:2 (OB); akal sudduru (sunduru, fem. sundurtu) adj.; having a defect of the eyes (perhaps blinking); OB, MB, SB; cf. sudduru. to a s. (Nergal and Ereikigal). sd su-di MIN (= UD.KA.BAR) copper melting pot Practical Vocabulary Assur 446. suhartu s.; young woman, female child, (working) woman; OA, OB, MB, EA, Nuzi, sepsi sa imitti imalsar KA-sU siu-dur if he drags his right foot and his nose twitches ibid. MA; pl. suharatu (suhartatu RA 23 161 No. 82:24ff., Nuzi); wr. syll. (sometimes with the 63, cf. ibid. 238:4, and, wr. su-un-dur ibid. 142 iv 3'. su-sign for the zv-sign in OB, and possibly in OAkk., see MAD 3 242) and SAL.LT.TUR.RA b) said of the eyes: if, when Marduk leaves Esagila at the New Year's festival IGI.MES-i sui-un-du-ra his eyes (IGI.MES for miGi) blink(?) (followed by IGI.MES-8 (= panlsu)arsu his face is dirty, katmu overcast, black, white, green, and red) CT 40 38 (Szlechter Tablettes p. 7:1); cf. seheru. T UR.ZA.[TUR.ZA] za-az-na TUR.A.TU[R.A] = si-ih-hi-ru-ti, [da]q-qaqu-ti, duq-qu-qu-ti, su-ha-ru-u, su-ha-ra-tum, maru-i, ma-ra-a-tum, $d-as-su-ru Diri I 304-311. a) in OA: PN assatam sz-ha-ar-tdm mer'at ehuz a atam Santam ula ehhaz PN PN, 229 oi.uchicago.edu suhartu suhartu has been betrothed to the girl, daughter of PN 2, he may not take another wife TCL 4 67:6, cf. (should he not take notice of his wife) si-ha-ar-tdm ana mutim sanin iddunu they will give the girl to another husband ibid. line 16; su-ha-ar-tdm PN asar libbisa ana mutim taddan PN will give the girl to a husband who looks after the house and grinds our rations, release his girl on the fifth day CT ana su(!)-ni Assur sukussi u sep ilika sabat PBS 7 73:10(!), TCL 17 69:30, 29 23:9 and 19 (let.), cf. adi ippaluninnisi-ha- ar-tam ina qdtija ukdl I will detain the girl until they repay me PBS 7 38:16 (let.); why did you (fem.) write (that) si-ha-ar-tum mahar marat PN ussab mdrti PN ana bitini wherever she wishes TCL 14 76:7; si-ha-[ar]- irabbi'anndsi the girl will stay with PN's tum, irtibi kutabbitma alkamma ana sun daughter, and PN's daughter shall grow up dAssur sukus' i the girl has grown up, (so) do in our house? CT 29 9a:7, cf. awat si-ha-ar-ti (us) the honor of coming and place her in the anniti amur CT 6 23a:11, asSum si-ha-ar-ti lap of (i.e., dedicate her to ?) Assur BIN 4 9:20, annitim OECT 3 74:9, kurummat si-ha-arcf. sii-ha-ar-tumdanni irtibi tib'ama atalkam tim TCL 18 123:14 and 21, cf. PBS 8/2 175:24, also, wr. su- CCT 3 20:38, also kimra si-ha-ar-tu[m] i-ir-ta- ha-ar-tim PBS 8/2 221:3; note the manumisbi-i-ni ibid. 17; si-ha-ra-tum sa PN u PN2 sion of a SAL.LU.TUR.RA (possibly to be read imrasama mautis illika the young wives of sihirtu) Szlechter Tablettes 7 MAH 15.954:1. PN and PN2 have been ill and almost died 2' pi.: siz-ha-ra-a-tim(for -tum) arhis KTS 25a:4; ana kaspim annim bitam PN szilillikanim ina sibdtisina amdt let the girls ha-ar-tdm u amtam idaggal (in return) for come to me quickly, I am dying for need of this silver, he will own the house, the girl PN, them TCL 1 16:7 (let.); aslum SAL ES.NUN. and the slave girl BIN 4 190:7; nismema si- ha-ar-tum ahatni iStika wasbat summa ahuni is[ti] paniutimma su-ha-ar-tdm wassiramma we have heard that the girl, our sister, is living with you, if (you are) our brother, release the girl with the earliest (caravan) BIN 6 19:6 and 11; 1 MA.NA KT.BABBAR SawirU sa si-ha-ar-tim 18 GIN KU.GI annuqusa one mina of silver (for) the girl's bracelets, 18 shekels of gold (for) her rings TCL 4 30:11; 10 GIN hurdsam kubursinnam u nabritam asi-ha-ar-tim sebilam send me ten shekels of kubursinnu-gold and a nabritu for the young woman (and the nabritu should be large) BIN 6 90:16, cf. si-ha-ar-tdm lirdiam TCL 20 94:39, also si-ha-ar-t[i]hu-ld-pd-am labbusat KTS 34b:16 (coll. Garelli), and passim referring to a specific person, exceptionally si-ha-ra-tim eris ask (the kdrum) for the girls CCT 3 4:45. Sa taspuram umma attama s-hara(text -ru)-tum sa ... tuwasserusindti as to NAki.MES the women from Esnunna concerning whom you wrote me as follows, "The women whom you have released" A 3532:9 (let.); se'am idimma si-ha-ra-tum gqmam litena give out some barley so that the girls may grind some flour YOS 2 51:25 (let.); si-ha-ra-tim (re- ferring to the female personnel of a private household) YOS 2 142:11 (let.), also CT 6 21b:13 (let.); silver ana sikari sa si-ha-ra-tu Sa istija for beer for the girls that are with me PBS 8/2 183:42 (econ.), cf. kurummat 2 si-hara-tim Riftin 110:7, cf. also (wool) sa si-ha-raa-tum sa bit iSpari YOS 5 177:6; SE.BA si-ha-ra-tim BIN 7 92:4, 9 and 14. c) in MB: sui-ha-ar-tum mdrat PN BE 17 97:4 (let.). b) in OB - 1' sing.: four seahs of ghee (expended) inima sui-ha-ar-tum ana bit PN innadnu when the girl was given (in mar- d) in MB Alalakh, EA, Nuzi: summa fPN PN2 iz[r]siu uktanassidJuterhata sa SAL su-ha-ar-ti eqla minumme mi-im-u sa bit a[bi]si wa-ad-du-si ileqqi u ipattar if PN2 riage) to the house of PN TCL 10 17 r. 22; food expenditures um siu-ha-ar-tum zrubam when dislikes fPN and persecutes her constantly, the girl entered (the gagd) PBS 8/2 183:5; s4i she may take the girl's (i.e., her own) dowry, s -ha-ar-tamsa bitam inassaruu kurummatni (namely) the field and whatever property itnu ittepi ... si-ha-ar-ta-uUD.5.KAM wusSer belonging to her paternal estate has been asas for him, he has taken as a pledge the girl signed to her, and may leave Wiseman Alalakh 230 oi.uchicago.edu suharu la suhartu 92:8, cf. Summa SAL su-ha-farl-ti ina appiSu isaddadsi if the young wife thumbs her nose at him ibid. 10, cf. also 11 SAL.L1.MES-tum 3 si-ha-ar-tum 5 sit-ha-rum DUMU x [x] eleven women, three young women, five boys [x years] old ibid. 234:2; asSum SAL su-ha-ar-ti DUMU.SAL a-ni-i a a ahuzzati taspura SAL R irtabi Sa zikari concerning the girl, this daughter of mine, about whom you wrote with a view to marriage, the woman has grown up, she is marriageable EA 3:7 (let. of KadasmanHarbe I), cf. ul bandt se-ha-ar-tiiddinuni the girl whom he gave me (in marriage) is not beautiful EA 1:80 (quoting Kadasman-Harbe I), cf. ibid. 97, cf. also 1 LU siu-ha-ru 1 LV s -haar-tum Sa hubti sa KUR Hatti ultebilakku EA 17:37 (let. of Tusratta); PN ana ardisugabbim adi si-ha-ar-du ma anassuiti suM-in ... baltu [uStu] bit PN la ussi PN will give (fPN2 ) in matrimony to any of (lit. to all) his slaves, as long as the girl fPN2 lives, she shall fPN 2 not leave PN's household JEN 437:12, cf. [Summa] si-ha-ar-dupaqirdna [...] ibid. 15; immatime PN imtit u mdrisu Sa PN 1 si-ha- ra sa 2 am-ma-ti i ma-lu-ti (for mal(a) uti) 1 si-ha-ar-tum Sa KI.MIN-ma ana PN2 inandins suniti u raman unu us su when PN (the debtor bondservant) dies, PN's sons will give PN2 (the creditor) a boy two and a half cubits (tall and) a girl of the same (size), and they themselves shall go (free) JEN 312:12, of. ibid. 1; minumme sit-ha-ru-4 si-ha-ra-tum Sa PN ulladu GEME.MES U iR.MES Sa PN2 all the boys and girls to whom PN will give birth will be the servant girls and slaves of PN2 JEN 637:16; cf. also 1 si-ha-ru u 1 si-haar-du HSS 9 96:12; but note tuppu Sa :si- ha-ra-ti a ana liqti leql tablet concerning the female personnel who were taken over HSS 16 329:1; fPN fPN2 naphar2 su-ha-ar-tu4 tution (with) life (for life) KAV 1 vii 80 (Ass. Code § 50). In most instances suhartu denotes a marriageable girl, a young woman; only rarely in OB, more often in Nuzi, does the word refer to a working female. Landsberger, OLZ 1925 233. suIhru s.; 1. (male) child, adolescent, 2. servant, subordinate, employee; OA, OB, Mari, MB (once in SB, see mng. Id), Bogh., EA, Nuzi; pl. suhard, note the aberrant sing. su-ha-ra-a PBS 1/2 22:22 and 47:12 (MB); wr. syll. (sometimes with the su-sign for the zu-sign in OB, and possibly in OAkk., see MAD 3 242) and (LI.)TUR (Mari, MB), pl. TUR.TUR.MES HSS 16 69:14 (Nuzi); cf. seheru. tu-ur-tu-ur TUR.TUR = si-ih-hi-rum, si-ha-ru-u4, du-qic-q-um Proto-Diri 71a-c; [x-x-i]l-la TUR. TUR.LA = su-ha-ru-um, da-qi-um, la-ku-u Protohi-[en-z]e-ru SI.DIM = si-ih-ru-um, Diri 73d-f; la-HA-xU-um, si-ha-ru-um ibid. 116-118; za-az-na TUR.ZA.T R.ZA] = si-ih-hi-ru-ti, [da]q-qa-qu-ti, duq-ququ-ti, su-ha-ru-u, su-ha-ra-tum, ma-ru-u, ma-ra-atum, ad-as-su-ru Diri I 304-311. sa-as-ha-ru, ah-ru-s-tum, sa-as-ha-ar-tum, si-issi-ru, da-qa-qi-ta, du-qa-qu-, si-hi-ru-tum, sd-haru-u = si-ih-hi-ru-tu CT 18 15 r. ii 17ff., and dupl. (= Explicit Malku I 241-248); sd-ha-ru = MIN (= se[hru]) ibid. 9 (= Explicit Malku I 233). 1. (male) child, adolescent - a) in OA: ser'dn lab'im turammi ser'dn si-ha-ri-im WA la'im ta-ra-su she has made the lion's sinews limp, she .... the sinews of the baby and the infant BIN 4 126:22 (Lamastu), see von Soden, Or. NS 25 143; summa si-ha-ra-amullad mimma bitim i[laqqi] (even) if she (the wife) gives birth to a boy, he (the adopted heir) will (still) receive all the household property cf. Summa Sa PN si-ha-ar-du TCL 1 240:23, ullad if (a slave girl) of PN gives birth to a ibid. 13; x silver asar si-ha- HSS 16 10:36, also ibid. 9b:15; 4 SAL si-ha-ra-du (after a list of female workers) JEN 507:24; SE.BA 1 SAL 2 si-ha-ra-tum HSS 13 367:8, and passim; note the pl. sit-ha-ar-ta-du RA 23 161 No. 82:24ff. boy by him e) in MA: summa sa libbisa su-ha-ar-tu napstema umalla (if a man hits a man's wife and causes a miscarriage and) if the foetus was a girl, he will still make full resti- tuzerri ina qerab-bitimma lirbi shortly(?) PN2 will send you the child and the woman-slave ra-am urabbini (expended) where they are rearing the child BIN 4 129:4; a-nu(?)ma-su su-ha- <ra>-am 4 am-tdm [Sa] PN PN 2 iraddiakkim ... si-ha-ra-amana mamman la of PN, do not allow the child to contact 231 anybody, he should grow up in the inner part oi.uchicago.edu suharu lb suhairu ld of the house CCT 2 36a:20 and 23, cf. atalkim si-ha-ra-am la tezzibim RA 51 7 HG 75:24. b) in OB: si-ha-ra-am is'tn lurabbima umma andkuma ana qeberija lirbia I would like to raise a youngster, thinking, "Let him grow up to bury me" BIN 7 41:24 (let.); PN ... mdrsu ana fPN 2 ... ana ~inuqim id: dimma teniq MU.3.KAM ... naddnam ana PN 2 HSS 14 643:15. d) in SB: [ui-e]-naq su-ha-ra she suckles bitisu ... (her) to suckle, but she was unable to pay fPN 2 the nursing fee for the three years, (so) fPN said to fPN2, "Take the boy, let him be your son!" VAS 7 10:10, cf. assum szi-ha-ri DUMU PN sa fPN 2 usniqu Frank Strassburger Keilschrifttexte 37:1; [1] si--ha-ru-um Silip remim ... PN ana mdritim ilqi 1 GiN KIT. teniq MU.2.KAM ... PN ... iddin PN has adopted a little boy, who had to be pulled out of the womb (at birth), PN has paid a shekel of silver and a nursing fee for BABBAR U two years Szlechter Tablettes 3 15.951:1, see Oppenheim, Journal of the History of Medicine 15 292 f.; awilum si ul nakaram si-ha-rum ma-ru-ka ina bitisu irabbi this man is not a stranger to me, (indeed) your own son, the boy, is growing up in his house VAS 16 69:13 (let.); GEME ~ s t-ha-rum the slave girl and la ilqi but did not take with him his servants (or) his household furnishings TCL 4 100:3, cf. sit-ha-ri-su untam sa bitisu ... assassu PN2 talqi ibid. 8; the people from Kanis are bringing you (pl.) x copper under my seal, pay them their hire and si-ha-ri sdhizama aklam lusakilusunu instruct the servants to give them food CCT 2 40a:9; su- ha-ra-am sa takalim la isu there is no servant worthy of any trust TCL 19 4:22; anasi-ha-ri la tasallat do not give orders to the servants CCT 4 15c:11; sit-ha-ri-a nahhidama emare lusdkilu instruct (pl.) my servants to feed the asses Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes 17:7; 3 MA.NA ukulti emdre u sit-ha-ri-im three minas, (expended for) the food of the asses and the servant TCL 14 57:16; x silver ukulti si-ha-ri-su TCL 21 197:15, also TCL 20 165:33; 2 tuppe siu-ha-ru-um ublakkum a servant brought you two tablets CCT 3 41b: 3; si- (her) male child JCS 15 81 No. 138:8, cf. ibid. 16. ha-ra-<am> atarradmakaspam usasqulusuma usaknaksuma usebalakkum I will dispatch a servant, and they will have the silver paid to him, and I will have it sealed, and I will c) in Bogh., Nuzi: 1 si-ha-rusa (text: PA) 2 (garments given out) sundu PN siu-ha-ar when PN became a youth 2. servant, subordinate, employee - a) in OA: PN left his wife si-ha-ri-su unitam Sa ana PN 2 iqbima fPN gave her son to fPN 2 for asar PN to PN HSS 9 96:11; the child KAR 239 i 20 (Lamastu). ul i-li-ma tabli si-ha-ra-am lu ma-ru-ki PN 2 ammati iR-du abini PN maining children shall be released (andbelong) ilteqi u inanna ninu k sit-ha-ri ina biti sa PN2 tidennuti usgtrib PN, our father, took a boy two cubits (tall), a slave, from PN2, and now he has made us enter PN2's house in lieu of the boy as security (for him) HSS 9 13:5 send it to you CCT 4 12b:26 (let.); pirikanni sa lubis sit-ha-re-pirikannu-garments as clothes for the servants BIN 4 78:7, of. also OIP 27 55:1, and passim; I paid out two shekels and 9, cf. 2 ammati sit-ha-ru ibid. 11, 1 si-ha-ra sa 2 ammati u mal(a) uti (wr. ma-lu-ti) one boy, two and a half cubits (tall) JEN 312:11, 317:10; minumm si-ha-ru-i u sit-ha-ra-tum fPN ulladu GEME.MES IR.MES sa PN2 (for sa translation see suhdrtu usage d) JEN 637:15; minumme erricusa PN sa ulladu u PN2 1 suiha-ru u 1 si-ha-ar-tt k1 liqti inassaqma u ileqqi u rdhitu serrsu sa PN ana PN-ma mussuru (from) any of PN's children which he may beget, PN2 shall choose and take as (his) share a boy and a girl, but PN's re- of silver for one garment 2 si-ha-re ulabbis and provided two servants with clothing TCL 21 164:22; [x] x sit-ha-ri ana unutim sarddim a-sa-pd-ra-ni isti unitimma pirikann lublut nim I will send a message for(?) the servants to pack up the goods, (then) let them bring the pirikannu-materialwith the goods TCL 4 43:10 (let.); sit-ha-ru ammakam umakkal la ibiddu the servants should not stay there overnight (send them on their way) BIN 4 2:17, cf. sit-ha-ru ammakam isahhuru KT Blanckertz 5:22; rade u si-ha-ar-k&weriam ana 232 oi.uchicago.edu suharu 2b suharu 2b kaspim u haursim liddinuma my caravan driver and your servant should sell the copper for either silver or gold KT Hahn 14:7, and cf. radiSu u su-ha-ri ibid. 11; x silver qddum Sa su-ha-ri-im including the (silver) you not know that the man belongs to me? (you intend to give away the field whose usufruct he has enjoyed for forty years!) BIN 7 11:5; kima si-ha-ru-um ja'um ul tide do you not know that the servant is mine? UCP 9 p. 342 No. 18:8; si-ha-ru-umsa il<la>kakkumkis s~dam la immaru kunkamma idnassum the boy who is coming to you must by no means see the necklace, give it to him under seal for the servant TCL 14 55:17, and passim in this text, cf. TCL 20 183:7; PN si-ha-ri a(na) GN illik my servant PN went to Purushattum CCT 2 13:10, cf., for named s.-servants KTS 30:39, TCL 4 54:5, ibid. 43:20, etc.; I gave one Sumer 14 73 No. 47:27 (Harmal); shekel of tin ana si-ha-ri-imsa kassim Sa GN to the servant of the kassu-official of Tarkim illikakkum itti alaktim sutasbitassu have the servant who came to you join the caravan CT 29 30:20; PN sa abusu si-ha-ar abija PN, whose father is my father's (Samas-hazir's) TCL 21 163:20; si-ha-ra-am Ga-la-ri-a(text -za)-am ana gallabutim iddassu he will hand over to him the servant from GN for shaving s4-ha-ru sa subordinate TCL 18 111:20 (let.); ana awile (off the slave mark) Golenischeff 20:22, and see gallabitu mng. 1; ama si-ha-ri-a ridima ana Sa bab ekal[lim si-ha]-re-[e] kalisunu asta[par] I have dispatched all personnel to the offi- kaspim dissunuma please take my servants along and sell them (and recoup your silver, while the balance of my silver may remain with cials at the palace gate 2:9, Sumer 14 p. 18 No. cf. assum ana ekallim si-ha-re-e <tarda dim> Sa taspurannim ibid. 5 (Harmal); ana ana amdtim u si-ha-ri-e la taggia do not neglect Sm 1 alpim u su-ha-ri-im for the price of an ox and a servant (to work it) BIN 4 the servant girls and the servant men CT 29 34:17 (let.); awild nukarribbi mru 157:18. Sippar assum sihhirutisunu Sa ihliquma b) in OB: 1 UDU.NITA (text: KI) 5 MA.NA siG si-ha-rausabbalakku I will have a servant bring you a ram and five minas of wool CT awile sunti attars issabtu iqbnimma ... dakkum ... si-ha-ri-e-su-nu wussersunisim you) JSOR 11p. 135 No. 44:9; x silver the gardeners, citizens of GN, have spoken to me about their servants who ran away and the servant who brought the barley CT 4 have been caught, I am sending these men to 26a:8 (let.); samnam ul tusabilam u si-ha-ra- you, release their servants to them VAS 16 am requssu tatarradam you did not send me 32:8 (let.); ummi naditum 4s-ha-ra-am ana any oil and (now) you want to send back (my) leqitim ilqgma si-ha-rum su sitam irsima ... assum si-ha-[rum]su sitam irds istu MU.3.KAM CT 29 14:9 (let.); servant empty-handed! assum 60 SE.GUR sa PN su-ha-rum(for -rim) ina ahhtim attasahsu my mother, a naditusa PN2 ana qabe PN3 <sa> PN4 ana qiptim ilqil woman, adopted a servant, but this servant (document) concerning sixty gur of barley ran away, (so) because this servant ran away, which PN4 borrowed as a loan without interest, I disinherited him (lit. I removed him from (having received it from) PN, the servant of his brother-status) three years ago YOS 2 2 12:16 (let.), cf. su-ha-rum sa se'am ublam PN2 , on orders from PN3 BE 6/1 103:2 (leg.), cf. ibid. 8 and 28; [sc]-ha-ru- sa PN LU lisanam LU Idamaras birit GN u GN 2 ilqinim the ser- vants of PN have captured an informant, a native of Idamaras, between GN and GN 2 VAS 16 82:4; su-ha-ri iram anaurim usbalkituma they let the servants climb from roof to roof VAS 16 181:14, cf., for a s. involved in a theft TCL 18 92:5, also CT 4 27d:7; assum PN abi PN 2 si-ha-ri-ia aw lum kima jdu'm ul tide as to my servant PN, the father of PN,, do 50:5 and 10 (let.); bitum Salim u si-ha-ru-u salmu the house is fine and the staff is fine CT 6 27a:7, also CT 29 llb:5, and note GUD. HI.A UDUI.H.A u sic-ha-ru- salmu TCL 18 88:5; PN si-ha-ri ahi PN2 PN3 imqutma ubtazzihsu PN3 arrived and mistreated my servant PN, the brother of PN,, (and uttered hostile words against me) CT 6 34a:6, cf. si-ha-ri-ma lubtazzik let him mistreat my servant (but why does he curse me?) ibid. 15; sit-ha-ar-ka atkuppum Sa mahrija lipram 233 oi.uchicago.edu suharu 2b suharu 2c batqam ippus your servant, the basket maker, who is with me, will do the interrupted work CT 4 33a:7 (let.), cf. PN samallim si-ha-ri PBS 7 117:9 (let.); 4 GIN Ki.BABBAR suati limalli ana PN tupsarrimsi-ha-ri-ialiddinma ana mahrija liblam let him restore the four Sumer et Akkad 202 r. 2, SA.GAL [sU -ha-ri-e UET 5 497:7 and 15, 580:24, 581:7, NIG.BA.MES siu-ha-ri-e YOS 5 224:18, naptanu KI KURUM sd-ha-ri-Fel TCL 11 237:20, and the lists VAS 7 183 vi 24, 186 i 10; difficult: HA.LA s4-ha-ri-e UET 5 111:7, cf. also 5 si-ha-ru-u Figulla Cat. shekels of silver in full, let him give (it) to PN, 1 14223, note, exceptionally, wr. TUR.RA and the scribe, my servant, so that he can bring referring to prisoners: 1 TUR.RA PN 1 TUR.RA (it) to me PBS 7 91:40 (let.); PN su-ha-ra-am sa PN2 A 3539:6, also itti PN si-ha-ri-ia VAS 16 191:15, cf. ibid. 41:4, 21:9, 66:13 and r. 5, 141:17, TCL 7 77:9; si-ha-ar PN PA.PA VAS 16 139:19; si-ha-ar awelim CT 29 30:11, siha-ar awled UCP 9 335 No. 11:14; PN AU. HA si-ha-ri my servant, the fisherman PN CT 29 37:10, cf. ibid. 8; ana si -ha-ri-eSa PN ZABAR.DAB 5 BIN 7 56:15, cf. ana su-ha-ri-im sa PN ibid. 58:6; 10 si-ha-rum a UGULA a-si-rum PBS 8/2 185:8; PN bd'irum [i] si-haru-i Sumer 14 47 No. 23:16 (Harmal); SAL EI naptarija sa istu MU.20.KAM ippalanni ... PN 2 2 Lu asirum LU Esnunnaki one young man, PN, one young man PN 2, two prisoners mimma ishat diqqdtija ilqema ana bit si-ha-ri sa galamahi Annuntum iterub a private female household servant of mine, who has answered my (orders) for twenty years, has taken away all that I had apportioned (to her) of my few provisions and has entered the house of the servant of the chief musician ofDN (as his wife) PBS 7 101:18 (let.), cf. PN si-ha-ar ekallim UCP 9 334 No. 9:6 (let.), siiha-ru-um sa tamkari MDP 28 538:4 (econ.), from Esnunna VAS 13 50: f. c) in Mari and Shemshara: MES U LU.TUR.MES-8U-nu ana 10 LT. Telmun for the ten men from Telmun and their servants ARM 1 17:19; 2 LT.TUR-ka qallitum (wr. al-qa-lu- tum) lisaksidusu they should have two of your fast servants reach him ARM 1 45:13, cf. assum siu-ha-r[i]-im ARM 2 54:5; I am sending you (Jasmah-Addu) a tablet for PN 1 LT.TUR-ka ana ser PN libil let one of your servants bring it to PN ARM 4 68:21; note LU.TUR-ri-ka.MES ARM 2 35:23; 1 LU.TUR-ri [a]na seri belija [atta]rdam ArOr 17/1 pl. 6:9, cf. TUR stu attardam ARM 3 52:13; PN LO. TUR Isme-Dagan PN, the page of RN ARM 7 173:7, and cf., for PN LU.TUR PN 2 ibid. 112:13, and passim in ARM 7 (see ARMT 7 p. 238 and 324f.), also ARM 1 8:26 and 4 68:23f., wr. TUR ARM 7 110:3'; his son died and his grandson is still small (seher) beli su-ha-ra-am llmurma LT.T[U]R (read serrum?) seher u and, for other OB occs. of suharu in relation to the tamkaru, see the refs. collected in paqidam ul isi let my lord examine the servant, (he would find that) the child is Leemans The Old Babylonian Merchant p. 34f., (very) small and they have nobody to take care of them ARM 5 38:12 and 14; atta itti si-ha-ri-ka eliam come up, you with your servants Laessoe Shemshara Tablets p. 81:51, and 1 si-ha-ar-ka mar tamkcrim Sumer 14 p. 60 No. 33:7 (Harmal); eqel PN itti PN belti eqlim PN 2 u PN 3 s4i-ha-rum Sa PN 4 A.sA ana erresitim tappi PN2 and PN3 , the servant of PN 4, (have become) partners for the tenancy of the field (which they have leased) from PN, the proprietor of the field Waterman Bus. Doc. 15:10 (leg.); si-ha-ri-u eqlam ana eresim la tusadda do not let his servants neglect cultivating the field Gautier Dilbat 99 No. 67:6 (let.), cf. Sumer 14 p. 71 No. 46:7 (Harmal); barley SA.GAL alpI u si-ha-ri-e as food for the oxen and the servants (who work them) UCP 10 108 No. 33:13, cf. GUD i si-ha-rum Gautier Dilbat 82 No. 44 r. 2, Jean cf. u su-ha-ru-ka ina panisu udapparu and your servants will withdraw from him ibid. p. 83:39; L(.TUR.MES madutim kald inanna LU.TUR.MES-su wassir they keep many servants prisoner, now release his servants ibid. p. 40:43f.; attama qddum LU.TUR.MES-ka ana serija alkam (do not take many people with you) come to me alone with only your (personal) servants ibid. p. 48:11, and cf. LUJ. TUR-ka-ma ina aldkim uhhir it was your servant who was late in coming here ibid. p. 234 49:33. oi.uchicago.edu suhhuru suharu 2d d) in Elam: his plow shall not be seized si-ha-ar-Kuul ussamba his servant not carried Langdon, PSBA 33 121-127; Landsberger, OLZ 28 233; Lewy, KT Blanckertz 24f., MVAG 33 4 note c. off MDP 23 282:18, cf. si-ha-ru- sa PN MDP 23 310:16; IGI PN bil biti IGI PN2, atanisa IGI PN 3 si-ha-ri-sA IGI PN, su-ha-ri-sd ... IGI PN5 ikkarisa MDP 23 313:7f.; note, wr. TUR.US MDP 28 444:1 and 6. **suheru (Bezold Glossar 236b) see suhiru. isuhtu s. pl.; laughter, laughingstock; MB, NB*; cf. sdhu. ana su-hi-e-ti(text -ri) Sa sarr s a limitika iltaknukama you have been made the laughingstock of the kings round about you e) in MB Alalakh: Kumma L lemnu summa LU.SAL-tUm U Summa si4-ha-ru i-[nal [bi]tisu illak [...] isbatsu sarraqu if a criminal or a servant girl or a manservant enters his house (and that householder) 4R 34 No. 2:1 (MB let.), see Landsberger, AfO 10 142 n. 11; u su-hi-e-ti tas-sak-kan and you will be made a laughingstock UCP 9 58 No. 2:12 (NB let., coll. J. Finkelstein). catches him, he is a thief Wiseman Alalakh 2:45 (treaty); 1 si-ha-ru itti PN PN2 ana 5 gqaq: qarum URUDU.MES ilqgi PN 2 has bought suhthu adj.; smiling, laughing (said of the face), fancy, dainty (said of food); Mari, SB*; cf. sahu. ina naptanim [m]ahrika lu kajanu NIG.DU sit-[uhl-ha-am la tu[s]aptan NfG.DU nahda[m] l[i]ptattanu let (the men who are in Mari) have meals regularly at your table, do not give them a fancy meal to eat, they should always eat a plain (lit. serious) meal ARM 1 52:33; kalbu inamuhhi sinnistisuki [ei] panisu su-uh-hu libbasu [... ] when the dog mounted its female, its face was all smiles, its heart a manservant from PN for five and a half talents of copper ibid. 69:4 (leg.). f) in MB: daldti §a si-ha-ri-e mannu igammar bell L.NANGAR.ME lispuramma ligmuru who is going to finish the servants' doors (i.e., which they are making)? let my lord give orders to the carpenters that they may finish (them) PBS 1/2 44:15 (let.), cf. st-ha-ra-a Sa PN (in uncert. context) ibid. 22:22, also 47:12; PN assum LU.TUR Sa LU salihi sa guennakki ana mulle iddinusu PN, they have given him as compensation for the boy of the governor's ....- man 116:16 (list of prisoners). g) in EA: 2 DUMU si-ha-[ri] LU E.GAL EA 49:19. The Mari and MB refs. (mngs. 2c and 2f) have been included here because the person designated in them as L .TUR is usually said to belong to someone and thus must be a servant, suharu. Where no such relationship is mentioned, the log. has been given the alternate reading sihru, "child," q.v. Lambert **suhhurtu (Bezold Glossar 236b) see suh} hurtu. in Nuzi: 30 GIN KU.BABBAR.ME S a si-ha-ru (beside sa amti and sa sise) JEN 515:1; 18 si-ha-ru-u HSS 16 341:25, also ibid. 194:13, and passim; 11 si-ha-rum x [se'u] SE. BA-sU-nU tupp s a TUR.TUR.MES sa URU Nuzi (end of list) ibid. 215:9; (food) ana 160 SAL.ME ... ana 80 L.MESE u ana sit-ha-ru-ui HSS 13 30:6, added up as 240 NAM.LTJ.L . MES ibid. line 9. h) [...] (but when it descended [... ]) BWL 216 iii 30 (SB proverb). PBS 2/2 Qsuhhuru adj.; small; SB, NB; cf. sehru. summa ina libbi bab ekalli sihhu su-uh-hu-ru nadi if there is a shrunken sihhu-mark in the "gate of the palace" Boissier DA 217:12 (SB ext.); summa dNergal ina tdmartiSu su-hur puisu sakin kima kakkab same madis ummul if, at his first appearance, Mars is small, has a white (glow), (and) is very faint like a star ABL 1391:9, also, wr. si-hur Thompson Rep. 232:8, cf. also summa MUL dMarduk ina napahiSu su-hur ACh Istar 17:14; Sa ekalli sdtu tamlsa ul ibsima su-uh-hu-rat subassa this palace had no terrace, and its site had become too small (due to the encroachments of neighboring buildings) OIP 2 131:57 (Senn.), and passim in Senn.; bitu sudti ana m~ab d Sama belu rabi u dAja kallati narmtiSu 235 oi.uchicago.edu suhhutu suhru [ta]llaktuSu zsatma [su]-uh-hu-ru sipirsu the approach to this building was too small and its structures (lit. work) were too small for it to be the dwelling place of DN, the great lord, and of DN 2, his beloved bride sa.hi.a = ki-t x x x gi.pisan.nig.sa.hi.a Hh. VIII 342, Hh. IX Gap B a 4, seeMSL 7 41. Also see sih: hirtu mng. 1. VAB 4 236 i 53 suhretu s.; youth; SB*; cf. seheru. (Nbn.). ana dDUMU.ZI hamiri s[u-uh-r]e-ti-ki suhhutu adj.; (referring to an infirmity of the eyes); OAkk., OB, MB (as a personal name). lu.igi.ze.z = su-hu-tum OB Lu A 135, also, wr. sc-ch-hu-tum OB Lu B iv 41; ld.igi.duh.duh lu-i-ki-tu-uh-tu-uh (pronunciation) = sc-uh-h[u-tu] re-ti-sa KAR 1 r. 46 (Descent of Istar), with var. hamir si-ih-[...], perhaps to be restored as sih[rutisa] CT 15 47:47. Plural of suhru used as an abstract. dam-ga-mi-nam = su(var. si)-uh-hu-td Izbu suhiru s.; 1. children (collective), 2. youth; OA, OB, SB; cf. seheru. 1. children (collective, OA only): suhartam PN asar libbisa ana mutim taddan inumi PN2 Comm. 39 (for context, see damqam-inam); na-akma i(!)-ni = su-uh-hu-[t]u Malku VIII 38. Siu-hu-tum MDP 28 526:18, also ITT 2 786 (translit. only), but note Sa-hu-tum MDP 28 526:12, Si-hu-ti Reisner Tello 227:4 (Ur III); 112 GIN Kb.BABBAR isaqqulu u suharam itarru ... inumi si-uh-ru-um ippanl GUD i-pd-ri-du Su-uh-hu-tum BE 14 80a:8, PBS 2/2 95:9 (MB). Refers to an abnormality of the eyes, either blinking or blear-eyedness; the latter would fit the meaning of sahatu connected with liquids. However, the equation with igi. duh.duh in KBo "one who opens his eyes wide" (also = palsa ini, patia ini) seems to contradict this explanation. Possibly the personal name Sahhutu MDP 28 526:12 to Tammuz, your lover in your (Istar's) youth Gilg. VI 46, cf. [ana dDUMU.ZI hadmir su-uh]- KBo 1 39:18' (Lu App.). Siu-hu-tum VAS 9 199:4 (OB), and = pi-sa-an za-x-x refers to another person and is to be considered a different nominal form. The var. sihhutu in the Izbu Comm. cannot be explained. u kaspam iddan PN may give the girl (her daughter) to any husband she wishes, when PN2 (the father) pays 11 shekels of silver (to PN), he may take the boy (his son) away, when the children separate(?) (at the ceremony) before the (sacred) ox, he shall hand over the silver TCL 14 76:21; bitka u si-huur-k&salim your household and your children are well CCT 2 38:33, cf. s-ih-ru-um salim BIN 6 17:24, CCT 4 28b:28; TUG isten sina ... ana niS bitim u ana ss-ih-ri-im epu§ I have made a few garments for the personnel of the household and for the children CCT 3 20:21, cf. BIN 4 68:11, BIN 6 249:9, and passim; suhilu s.; (an official); MB.* kalll ndri kall tdbali LT pdni LU.KAS 4 (= Idsimu) LTJ su-hi-li (list of royal officials who are not allowed to enter the privileged city) CT 9 5:34 (= BBSt. No. 24, Nbk. I). suhirtu s.; seheru. small vegetables; lex.*; cf. nig.sa.sa.hi.a.SAR = sd-hi-ir-tu, tab-ru-z Hh. XVII 265f. (from Kocher Pflanzenkunde 38 iii 16f.); nig.sa.hi.a.SAR = si-[hir-tu], tab-r[u-u] ibid. 39: 4f.; note the inexplicable var. nig.d6. a. Wiseman Alalakh 447 vii 66 f. Is.ha.ra SAR (Forerunner to Hh.). General name for small garden vegetables. For similar compounds, see gi.kid.nig. su-hu-ur-ka usdkal I will have your children fed BIN 4 11:18, cf. si-ih-ru-um ina bubitim imuatma the children will die of starvation BIN 6 197:14; minam laddin ana si-ih-ri-im minam laddin ana ummini ... ana ukultija u ukulti sic-ih-ri-im ena'a ztanakkila what shall I give to the children? what shall I give to our mother? my eyes have become somber(?) (trying to find) food for myself and the children BIN 6 183:9 and 15; Sim 4 amdtim u 9 s-uh-ri-im the price for four slave girls and nine children TCL 20 183:5. 2. youth - a) in OB: itu si-uh-ri-iaana GN ilqininnimaina GN warad ekallim andku ever since they took me to Babylon, in my 236 oi.uchicago.edu suihu suhurtu early youth, I have been a servant in the palace in Babylon OECT 3 40:7 (let.); ana su-uh-ri-ia-r[a atturma [x kur]ummatz is-se-hiir have I returned to my childhood that my [barley] ration has grown smaller? CT 29 19:6 (let. of a naditu to her brother, coll. A. Sachs). b) in SB: anaku lckulma lutr ana sa su-uh-ri-ia-a-ma (var. ana si-ih-ri-i[a ... ], see sihru B) let me eat of it (the Plant of Life), that I may turn into what I was in my early youth Gilg. XI 282. s.; 1. laughter, mirth, 2. making; Mari, SB*; cf. sdhu. suihu love- Zi.NE = si-hu-um Imgidda to Erimhus B 8', note [ZUI.NE] = su-uh-hu Erimhus II 3; z = szihu-[um] Kagal D Fragm. 6:6; Zli.NE.NE = si[hul-um, zu.ti.a = [siu-uh i-da-tim ibid. 10f.; zur = kun-nu-u, zur.ra = sti-d-h[u], zur.us = Erimhus C i (or iv) 10'ff., cf. nu-uh-hu-[tu] [z]u-u[r]ZUR = ku-un-nu-u4, [zur].ra = sd-u-hu, [zur. us] = nu-uh-hu-tu Antagal C 61ff.; bi-ir UD = su4-hu A III/3:77; di-ig NI = bu-un-nu-nu(var. adds -i), explained in comm. as su-hi A II/1 ii 13'. 1. laughter, mirth: ia-ga-tum u mim[ma] ul ibas[si] si-hu-um-ma mdlulum[ma] kima ina bitatisunu wasbu libbasunu tab there are no troubles or anything, only laughter and fun, they (the soldiers) are as happy as if they were living at home ARM 2 118:17; itti mamit hiduti su-u-hi gabi end la naddnu together with the "oath" (sworn in a mood) of merrymaking and laughter, promising (but) changing (one's word) and refusing Surpu u1.sar.rab.tu.u = (second col. blank) = schur-tum (between 16 .nu. ban. d a = la-pu-ut-t[u-u] = ha-[za]-a-[nu] and l6.ki.zu.u = tas-li-s4 = hane-gal- <ba>-tumn) Hg. B VI 144. 1. (a class or profession, MB and NB only): PN PN2 u PN 3 su-hur(text: xI)-tum i-tu PN4 ana eberti sapru LT.(<MES> 8a PN 4 inandinassum niti inassaruma [i]leqquni PN, PN 2, and PN3 , the s., have been sent to the other side (of the river) with PN4, the men to whom PN will deliver them will bring (them) in close custody PBS 2/2 55:3 (MB), cf. si-hur-tu4 ibid. 20:38, also ibid. 118:29, BE 14 73:34; si-hur-tu4 sa LUGAL BE 15 44:32; note, referring to an individual: PN si-hur-tu4 DUMU PN2 PBS 2/2 139:12, PN su-hur-tu4 BE 15 21:18, also ibid. 90:13, cf. also PBS 2/2 141:3; RN sarru PN u PN2 anahursdn ispurma PN izkamma sarru ina muhhisu Sa PN 2 LU su-hur-ta iskunma PN 2 naddna ul i-si-ma King RN sent PN and PN 2 to the ordeal by water, and PN came out cleared, so the king imposed (a penalty requiring the gift of) a s. on PN2 , but PN2 did not have (anyone) to give BBSt. No. 9 iv A 6 (NB). 2. adolescence (NA only) - a) suhurtu: PN ikkaru PN2 mdrsu su-hur-ti fPN 3 SAL-Yi naphar 3 napsdti PN the farmer, PN2 his adolescent son, PN3 his wife, total of three persons ADD 471:11, also ibid. 9, hur-te ADD 270:6, 271:3. also LU sun- b) sahurtu: PN SAL-[8U 1 DUMU] sa-hur-tc 1 DUMU parsu 3 DUMU.SAL.MES PAP 7 ZI.MES VIII 73; su-uh la pakki issenih (if) he laughs all the time without reason Labat TDP 178:6. PN, his wife, one adolescent boy, one weaned male child, three daughters, total of seven 2. love-making: ultu ulldnumma DINGIR. MAH ina kasddisu iss NIM.MES rabitisa Anum ipuSu ki su-hi-4i as soon as DN arrived, she persons KAV 39:2, also ibid. 4, cf. DUMU-4i sa-hur-ti ibid. 1, see Ebeling Stiftungen p. 10f.; PN SAL-4 3 DUMU.MES sa-hur-ti 1 GA PAP 6 took off the (jewels in the form of) large flies which Anu had (once) made (for her) when PN, his wife, three adolescent sons, one (baby still on) milk, total of six (persons) KAV 39:6; dallying (with her) Gilg. XI 163; 2 INIM. INIM.MA EN a su-hi two incantations for love-making KAR 61 r. 26 (SB). PN L.ENGAR SAL-.c 2 DUMU.MES-[s ... ] sa- hu-ur-t[i ... ] DUMU.SAL-s8 4 ritu DUMU-SU 3 rutu DUMU-S sd-ni-4 par-su [PAP x] ZI.MES Landsberger, ZA 40 298; Oppenheim, Or. NS 17 55 n. 1. suhurtu (sahurtu) s.; 1. (a class or profession), 2. adolescence (an age group); MB, NA, NB; cf. seheru. PN the farmer, his wife, two sons, his adolescent son, his daughter four spans (tall), his son three spans (tall), his second son, weaned, total of x persons ADD 783:8, cf. PN LU. ENGAR [SAL1] DUMU-2i sa-hur-tu ibid. 14, cf. also ADD 906 ii 2. 237 oi.uchicago.edu sullu c) abbr. sa: PN A-i4 sa (followed by PN2 A-S4 5 his son PN 2 five, i.e., five spans tall) sfilatu s. fem. pl. tantum; NB; cf. sdlu. Johns Doomsday Book 1 i 5, and passim in these texts, see ibid. p. 80. sz-la-at = ta-ha-[zu] An VIII 181; sd-lu-ul-td (var. sc-la-ta), a-na-an-tum, tu-qu-un-t, sd-dg-mu = ta-ha-zu Malku III Iff., var. from CT 18 3 r. iii 30 (catchline). In the NA texts suhurtu and sahurtu designate the age group of male children over five spans tall, corresponding to batussu SB, unkenna sitkunuma ibannd su-la-a-ti(var. -turn) a council was formed to prepare for referring to girls. In Johns Doomsday Book 1 i 46 and 3 vi 17 (see mng. 2c), the sign ZA re- the fight En. el. I 132, also ibid. II 18, III 22 and 80; itti LU. GN. MES ina muhhi eqletisunu ippusu su-la-a-ti they fought with the natives of ferring to girls has to be emended to five and three (spans) respectively; the abbreviation Borsippa over their fields JRAS 1892 354 i B 20, cf. ibid. 355 ii A 5 (SB votive); dlstar Agade sa referring to trees ibid. 5 viii 6, 11, 14, 15 and 18, probably should be read sahru. The term belet tdhaza sa-ki-na-at su-la-a-ti the Istar of Agade, the lady of battle, she who incites is to be considered a collective and in MB also carries a status connotation. The BBSt. ref. sub mng. 1 may, however, simply refer to an adolescent. fighting RA 22 58 i 13 (Nbn.). Kraus, AfO 11 229. sullu s.; protection (only in the phrase sullu u kubuss) ); OB Elam; cf. sullulu A. a) protection, referring to a remission of debts (only in loan contracts): si-ul-la u kubu-is-sa ul isu (the loan) is not subject to (lit. has no) remission of debts MDP 22 28:10, note the phrase kidinnam u kubussam ul isu Ad mng. 2: Johns Doomsday Book p. 81. **suhiriitu (Bezold Glossar 236b) read suhhur u picsu (sakin), see suhhuru. sulamatu (or zuldmatu) s.; SB.* fighting; (mng. unkn.); summaKI.MIN (i.e., birsu)GIM SAG.KI DINGIR (in same context) MDP 24 344:17. zu-la-ma-ti IGI.DU s if a birsu (looking) like the face of the god (of?) s. is seen CT 38 28:23 b) protection, referring to a redistribution of real estate (in a royal grant): si-ul-lu-um (Alu), with comm. SAG.KI = zi-i-mu face, u kubussim lissakinma mamman eqlam ul DINGIR = i-lum deity, zu-la-ma-ti = ba-ri-ru ikkimsu even if there is a redistribution of sa pi-i s4-4 - z. is something which cannot land, no one may take the field away from be talked about (see pi barru) CT 41 25 r. 10 him (the grantee) MDP 23 282:12, cf. su-ullu-um lissakin [...] ul issakkan ibid. 283:8 (grant); any future ruler sa masussu usahhi (Alu Comm.). sulamu s.; 1. (a bird), 2. (a type of wood); lex.*; cf. saldmu. 1. (a bird): [d]ar.me.luh.ha muen = su-la-mu Ethiopian dar-bird = small black su-ul-la-am u kubussam umahharu who violates(?) his (the grantee's) exemption (or borders?) and claims(?) redistribution (a curse bird Ur X 133 r. 7 (Hh. XVIII), also, with explanation sa-lam-du Hg. B IV 260, also Hg. D follows) 339. phrase kidinnam u kubussdm ul umahhar means "he (the debtor who has entered into partnership with a capitalist) will not claim remission of debts (to avoid payment)." Unlike the Mesopotamian andurru and mesaru, the Elamite sullu u kubussi (or kidinnu u kubussi) seems to refer not only to the remission of debts but also to the redistribution of land. 2. (a type of wood): gis.mes.mi black mes-tree = su-la-mu Hh. III 214; gi . erin. mi black cedar = su-la-mu Hh. III 219. sulapu s.; (mng. uncert.); SB*; cf. saldpu. as-u la-talk sin-i su-la-a-pi Gray Samas pl. 13 K.4795 r. 1 (colophon). Connect with sullupu, which also appears in colophons. MDP 23 282:23. Note that in MDP 23 270, 271, and 272, the Koschaker, Or. NS 4 45f. 238 oi.uchicago.edu sullulu A sullui lal he will roof the first story sullu v.; (mng.unkn.); lex.* [x].lah 4 = su-ul-lu- BRM 4 33 i 1 1, and dupl. RA 16 201 (group voc.). sullf see silli A s. VAS 15 40:37, and (in similar contexts) ibid. 24, 39:38, 49 r. 6, cf. rihit tipdni PN i-sal-la-al-la PN will roof the remaining lean-to Dar. 499:15. sullu (prayer) see sulld. 2' in hist. and lit.: bitam erenam i-sa-li-il I roofed the temple with cedar (beams) AOB sullu (to pray) see sullid. 1 22 ii 15 (Samsi-Adad I), cf. ibid. 42 No. 4 r. 1 sullulu adj.; obscure, dark; SB*; cf. sullulu A. Sumeru su-ul -lu-lu the kamlu naklu artfully written text whose Sumeria n (version) (Assur-uballit I), cf. gusure burasii-sal-lil-Sima TCL 3 211 (Sar.); gusiire ereni surmeni eli: sinai-sal-lil-ma Lyon Sar. 24:31, of. (also with eli) Borger Esarh. 87:22; I selected the finest sa is obscure Streck Asb. 256 i 17. sullulu A v.; 1. to roof (a buildiing), to put on top, 2. to provide shade; fro)m OB on; II, II/2; cf. *salilu B, silldnid, si lldtu, sillu, sillu in sa silli, silli B, sillilu, su llu, sullulu adj., sulultu A, sulrlu A, tasliltu, taslilu. 1. to roof (a building), to put on top -v a) to roof (a building) - 1' in p rivate contexts: E aslukkatam kima belz ukallimusi i-sa-al-li-il-m[a] she has roofed t he shed in the way my lord has shown her YrOS 2 82:10 (OB let.); gusiri a ana E.SIG4 .jI. A su-ul-luli-im beams that are to be plac-ed on the walls as the roof ARM 3 23:6, cf. gursri ana si-ul-lu-li-sa inaddinu ARM 1 122:9, also guslur ana si-ul-lu-li-sa suzibanni ibid. 16; E.GIS.NA.MES li-se-el-li-lu-ma BE S17 66:22 (MB let.), cf. isten E pa-ar-haus-saz-li-il ibid. 35:5; mithara PN u-sa-al-la-alu pa paha tzdam isakkan PN will roof the entrance hall(?) and put mud (plaster) on the chamber (vvalls) MDP 24 391:12; bita t-sa-al-la-alu bura ina muhhi parisdti addi I was placing the Iroof beams on the house and spread the reed r nat(s) over the lath AASOR 16 7:39 (Nuzi); ina muhhi gusiir sa ereni ana Bdbilu ... ana sal-lu-li Ja ekurrdte as to the cedar beams (de,stined) for Babylon (Sippar and Cutha) to roof the temples ABL 464:5 (NA); bitati batttebatti sa E [x] uktallimsunu i-sa-lu-lu I hav e assigned them houses around [my?] house (and) they are roofing (them) ABL 572:15 (N[A); taslili la <bi>ri idekkima taslili maqqitu 4 -sal-lal he (the tenant) will remove the old porch and will roof (anew) the ruined porch TuM 2-3 26:6, also ibid. 27:7 (NB); rugubbu ... i-sal- of the cedars ana sit-lu-lu Etusa papdha illilutisu for the roofing of his lordly chapel Etusa VAB 4 126 iii 24 (Nbk.), cf. ibid. 28; umma Sa sarbati [bita]u-sa-lil if he roofs the usure u house with beams of poplar wood CT 40 7:57 (SB Alu); [ki]ma Apsi sdii su-ul-lil-si roof it (the ark) with a cover like (that of) the Apsf Gilg. XI 31, cf. su-lu-la danna ss-ul-lil proG vide (the ark) with a strong cover Hilprecht Deluge Story pl. 2 r. 9. b) to put on top, to place as a top: mis: lussa iskunamma samdmi us-sal-lil (var. 4- sa-al-lil, u-sal-l[i-x]) he set up half of her (Tiamat) and roofed the sky (with it) En. el. IV 138, cf. [x x x u]s-sal-li-la erseti uktinna En. el. V 62; [burumu] ellutu sa iu-sa-al-li-lu rittuS[su ... ] the holy starred firmament, which he spread as roof, [...] with his hand PSBA 20 158 r. 1 (SB rel.); the great gods who live in the king's city (however) samt 4-sallil-u-ma attald la ukallimu covered the sky (with clouds) and did not make the eclipse visible ABL 895r. 7 (NB); Adad [... e]rpeti musal-lilumi [who ... ] the clouds, who covers the sky BMS 21:78; [summa bd]b ekallim elum u saplum sistam is-ul-lu-ul if the upper and the lower "palace gate" are topped by a membrane YOS 10 26:2, cf. ibid. 24:4, summa bdb ekallim si-lu-ul (with apod. silli ilim eli awelim ibassi) ibid. 24:20, also, wr. su-ul-luul ibid. 22:15 (all OB ext.); Jumma ina libbi bdb ekalli sihhu nadima si-lul if a s.-mark is within the "palace gate" and it is covered Boissier DA 217:6 (SB ext.), cf. ina libbisu sihhu temir u su-lul CT 20 32:67 and 68; ob- scure: u luwassira PN ina rabisisi PN musa-li-il Jarribelija may he (my lord) send me 239 oi.uchicago.edu sullulu B sulmu Janhama from among its (the city's) officials (because) Janhama is one who .... -s the king pi satdri su-ul-lu-pu according to the wording of a wooden tablet, which corresponds to a EA 106:38 (let. of Rib-Addi), for a translation "fan-bearer," see Albright, JNES 5 13. canceled document CT 13 15 (colophon). kima uhinnija 2. to provide shade: na- <ap>-su aspuramma lmurunim fa-pal-a-tu la us-sa-[lal-la-ma I sent a message (asking) whether my dates are plump, and they inspected (them) for me, the spadices(?) must not be in the shade TCL 1 30:27 (OB let.). sullulu B SB.* (Lambert BWL 66 n. 1.) sulmu s.; 1. black spot, tuft of black hair, blackness, 2. in sulum ini iris, 3. (a black wood), 4. (part of a tree); wr. syll. and MI; cf. salamu. (or zullulu) v.; (mng. tmcert.); di.[b]i ba.dib : di-in-u zu-ul-lu-ul sion concerning it is .... Ai. VII i 35. Note that the technical term suldpu, q.v., also occurs in a colophon. the deci- me-is MES = si-ul-m[u-um] MSL 3 219 G2 line r (Proto-Ea), for other refs. see mng. 4. sd-ul-mu = zu-un-nu summa usse biti itti rebeti i4-sa(or -za)-lil if a man (when building a house) .... -s the foundation of the house (towards?) the square CT 38 10:24, cf. summa (bita ina epesisu) itti rebeti bita 4-sa(or -za)-lil // ub-talil ibid. 12:71 (SB Alu), cf. also summa ina E [x] E su-ul-lu-lu iprus ibid. 13:82, and see sullulu; summa nekimtue a su-lul-ti has sa imitti u sumeli ... la itappala su-ul-lu-la if the deficiencies of the covering(?) of the right and the left lung do not correspond but encroach(?) CT 31 39 ii 18 (SB ext.). The variant in the Alu passage CT 38 12:71 seems to refer to an encroachment or a fraudulent altering of the border line between a house lot and the city square. For this, reason the unique and obscure Ai. line (see Lands- Malku II 107. 1. black spot, tuft of black hair, blackness - a) black spot: umma igardt biti MI tur: rupa if the walls of a house are dotted with black spots CT 38 15:50 (SB Alu); summa karsi ubandtisu MI turrupa if the pads of his fingers are sprinkled with black spots Labat TDP 98:56; NA 4 samtu MI takpat NA 4 .GUG. GAZI.SAR Sumu the red-stone dotted with black spots is called kasd red-stone STT 108:8 and dupl. 109:7 (series abnu ikinju); abnu sikinsu SAg BABBAR MI edih musgarru Sumsu the stone whose appearance is (as follows): it is covered with a network of red, white (and) black patches, is called musgarru-stone STT 108:11, and dupl. 109:12 (series abnu sikinsu); summa imitti IGI-i MI-md edih if the right side of his face is covered with a black patch berger Symb. Koschakerp. 226 n. 30) has been CT 28 28:5 (SB physiogn.); included here. The nature of the sibilant remains uncertain. da-a-mu if his eyes are darkened with a black sullupu adj.; 1. dishonest, false, 2. crossed out, canceled; OB, SB; cf. salapu. 1. dishonest, false: PN mdkisum sumi izkurakkumma mdkisum si-lu-up the taxcollector PN mentioned my name to you, but ittadd if ukallu if his face has white, black, the tax-collector is dishonest s'umma IGIII-s MI spot CT 41 21:25 (SB Alu excerpt), correct da'mu usage b; summa pani su pusa MI suma u urqa red and green spots Labat TDP 72:10, cf. AMT 15,3:16; if a woman gives birth (and the child) already at birth MI mali is covered with black spots (possibly to tirku) CT 28 VAS 16 13:9 1 K.6790+4' (SB Izbu, for the comm. see saldmu); (OB let.). assum su-lum sa libbi dSamag 2. crossed out, canceled (referring to tablets): [GABA.RI] Bdbili kzma sirpi DIR satdri su-ul-lu-pi copy of (a tablet from) Babylon, according to a .... baked clay tablet, a canceled document Gray Samas pi. 11 Rm. 601 r. 13 (colophon); kc p1 GIS li-u5 -um sa ana dMES iqtabi he (the poet) used the writing (lit. said) dMES (for Marduk) on account of the black spots which are in the sun (referring to the e'quation mes = sulmu, for which see mng. 4) AfO 17 313:13 (Comm. Marduk's Address to the Demons). 240 oi.uchicago.edu sulultu A sulmu b) tuft of black hair: MES.mes = su-lum me-si ibid. 202f., see also MSL 3, in lex. section, but see discussion. MI Sa HAL.LA imeri tuft of black hair from the hind legs of a donkey AMT 99,3 r. 17, also, wr. su-lum Ad mng. 4: sulmu (Sum. MES) most likely denotes some product of a tree, possibly the gall, the fruit, or part thereof. Because of a confusion with the name of the tree mesu paphalli imeri 4R 58 ii 57; for other refs., see hallutdnd and paphallu. c) blackness - 1' in gen.: abnu sikinsu MI-4 SA5 piliti ukal NA 4 .KA.GI.NA.DIB Sumu (gis.mes), the stone whose appearance is (as follows): its blackness contains (shades of) light red, is called hematite KAR 185 r. ii 14' (series abnu sikinsu); see also si-ul-mu, "blackness (of clouds)," in lex. section. luh.ha = su-lum Me-luh-hi (after gi..mes. Ma.kan.na = mu-su-ka-nu) for "mes-tree Hh. III 205 has gis.mes.Me. from Meluhha," and Hh. III 214f. has gis. 2' sulum pani anger (only OA): ina alakika si-lu-um pani la tukallamanni do not show me an angry face when you come CCT 4 8a: 15 (OA let.); ula niqiam eriska ula siu-lu-um pani ukallimka I neither asked you for an offering, nor did I show you any anger CCT mes .mi = su-la-mu, su-lum me-si. If one assumes that sulmu refers to gallnuts (as the mng. of the word suggests), the relationship between the mes-tree (mesu) and the MES (sulmu) would be that between the tree and the galls it produces usable for tanning, etc. However, mesu seems to denote the Celtis (see Low Flora 1 627 and 3 416), which does not fit this interpretation. 4 9b:11. All refs. to MI in texts dealing with ex2. in sulum ini iris: summa MI ZinSu nabal= tispicy and in diagnostic and teratological kutma inesu ana lib[bi ... ] if his (the sick omens are listed sub tirku, with the exception person's) iris is out of place (parallel summa of the refs. in which MI occurs in an enumerapus inziu nabalkut line iv 3ff.), and his eyes tion of colors. See, furthermore, the discus[... ] into [... ] Labat TDP 50 iv 8, also ibid. 7; sion under saldmu. Jumma MI inZu da'mu (also sdmu line 38, (Thompson DAB 248, 292.) salmu line 39, pesi line 40, sur-ru-[pu] line 41) if his iris is dark (red, black, white, bloodshot) sulultu A s.; 1. roof (or porch), 2. "covCT 28 27:37, note kima isdti sapd ibid. 36 (SB ering" (a part of the exta); SB, NB; wr. physiogn.); if he is seriously sick for five to syll. (AN.DUL KAR 428 r. 23); cf. sullulu A. ten days ustardima MI IGII-i us-ter-di-a and he lingers on and his irises have moved Labat TDP 150:47, cf. MI IGIII-SU DU 6 +DU-a ibid. 152:51. 3. (a black wood) (Nuzi only): 3 passuru sa zu-ul-mu three tables of s.-wood TCL 9 1:3, cf. 75 pitnu Sa zu-ul-mi u sa sakulli 75 boxes of s.-wood and of sakullu-wood HSS 15 130:6 (= RA 36 138), also HSS 15 131:13' and 18'; x passuru epesunu aGI zu-ul-ma u sinna uhhuzu x tables whose legs are of s.-wood and inlaid with ivory HSS 14 247:87, cf. ibid. 1. roof (or porch): (I used cedar and other beams) ana sibu tallu hitti gissaaaknku u su-lul-tu4 biti for the ceiling, the cross-beams, the architraves, the lintels and the roof(?) VAB 4 256 ii 5 (Nbn.). 2. "covering" (a part of the exta, only in ext.): summa manzazu (NA) samitma EDIN la isi su-lul-ta-i issammatma ivi ea s su-ba-a- tu // na-ah-lap-ti if the "stand" is torn out and it has no "back," (this means): its s. is being torn out, (commentary:) [sulultu =] 520:29, 562:13, RA 36 145:4, 152A:29, etc. garment = wrapping TCL 6 6 r. i 4, cf. [... ] su-lul-tu NA U GIR IGI-ma hi pi e[u [. .. ] ibid. 4. (part of a tree): gis.kim = hi-le-pu willow, gi. MES. kim = su-lum MIN--s. of the willow Hh. III 423f., cf. gis.NE.DU. KU = Sar-d-bit-tu, gis.MES.NE.DU.KU = sulum MIN ibid. 53f., gis.MES = SU-ul-mu, gis. ii 19, also sa su-lul-ti sa res NA zuqquratu (explanation of summa res NA zuqqur) ibid. ii 12; [umma ina] re sit-lul-tu4 NA kakku sa= kinma KI.TA ittul if there is a "weapon" mark at the top of the "covering" of the "stand," 16 241 oi.uchicago.edu sulultu B suluilu A and it faces downward CT 30 22 K.6268 i 2, cf. ibid. 4, also ibid. 26 Rm. 1004:8; Jumma padanu 2-ma ina libbi si-lul-ti-su-nu GiR.MES sanitimma saknu if the "paths" are double and there are other "paths" within their "covering" TCL 6 5 r. 4, also ibid. 5, cf. if there are two "paths" and they are separate dandnu la sakin saplanu si-lul-ti isi there is no dan: Jnu (and) the lower part has a "covering" ibid. obv. 53; note, referring to the s. of the lung: ana A AN.DUL-ti-sa KI.TA ekim KAR 428 r. 23; summa si-lul-tu4 kappi has ... patrat if the "covering" of the "wings" of the lungs is an.dil Suruppak(LAM+KUR.RUki).kex : su-lul (referring to an apkallu) CT 16 36:6f., see Gurney, AAA 22 p. 90; Tin.tirki .dul. [la] : su-lul Babil[i] the protection of Babylon BA 10/1 75:7f., cf. uru.mu ... an.dul ub.da. kex : alu ... su-lul kibratu RA 12 74:33f; 16.ti. ti.l1&: su-lul bal-tu UVB 15 36:7. an-dul-lu = si-lu-lu Malku II 192. Su-ru-ub-ba-ak 1. roof, shed (open on all sides, merely for shade), canopy: si-lu-la danna sullil provide (the ark) with a strong roof Hilprecht Deluge Story pl. 2 r. 9; in the month of Abu sa gimir salmat qaqqadi ana rimetisina ipattiqasu-lu-lu when all the people construct sheds (in the fields) in which to live Lyon Sar. 15:54, see Erimhus V 124, in lex. section; 4 timme siparri B, cf. the explanation su-ul-lul-tu4 sur-r[a-a-ti] ... szrussu ulzizma ina dappi ereni ... ibid. 38 ii 11, restored after kima annimma usatrisa su-lul-su upon it I erected four pillars of bronze and made its roof of cedar ana su-lul-ti sur-ra-a-titustabbal ibid. 39 ii 19; boards (laid on them) OIP 2 133:85 (Senn.); ana 2 izzdz(wr. BAR-az)-ma su-lul-ta-sd ina split (right and left) CT 31 39 ii 15, and cf. ibid. 38 ii 7 and 12, also ibid. 39 ii 17, cited sub sullulu asrisaTE-hi it (the middle "finger" of the lungs) is divided into two and its "covering" approaches its "place" (explanation to kidati su-lul tarani sa qereb barakkani etuCssun usahl I brightened the somber roofing inside the corridors(?) OIP 2 107 vi 37 (Senn.); qdtesunu sc-lu-ul-tc = ta-ha-zu Malku III 1. samsi nas~ ukallu su-lu-lu their hands (those of the bull-shaped "sons of Samas") carry the sun disk and hold the canopy OIP 2 145:19 (Senn.); gusir sadliti usatrisa su-lul-su I stretched gigantic beams (across the temple) Error for sulatu as is shown by CT 18 3 as its roof VAB 4 68:28 (Nabopolassar), BAR.MES-8i) CT 31 40 r. ii 11. sulultu B s.; (a synonym of "battle"); syn. list.* vi 30 (colophon), etc., see sluldtu. cf. eren' danniti ana su-lu-li-si-na usatris ibid. sulilu A (salilu) s.; 1. roof, shed, canopy, 2. protection granted by a god or king, 3. shade; from OA, OB on; salulu in NA (Asn. and lex. text similar to Idu); wr. syll. and AN.DUL (DUL CCT 2 8:8, and passim in OA per- sonal names); cf. sullul A. an.dil = su-lum, su-lu-lu Igituh I 230f.; an.didl (var. an.du-uldil) = su-lu-lu Igituh short version 47; an.dill, dul.[x] = sd-lu-l[u] Erimhus III 166f.; an.dil= su-u, su-lu-lu, an.dil dldg.ga Ssu-lu-lu ta-a-bu, an.dill dagal.1a = su-lu-lu rap-su Izi A iii 16ff. i[n.x].x = su-lu-lu, i[n.di.di] = sil-lu Erimhus II 148f.; sag.tab = su-lu-lu (in group with tabinu and bunzirru) Erimhua V 124; ZAB.ga = su-lu-lu Silbenvokabular A 84; AN.KAL = su-lu-lum ibid. 80; [...] [...] = sa-lu-lu VAT 10237 iii 11 (text similar to Idu). en Zimbirki an.dil 6.[bar.ra.kex(KID)] : bel Sippar su-lul(var. -lu-lu) Ebabbara (Bamas) lord of Sippar, protection of the temple Ebabbara BA 5 711:3f., and dupl., see BA 10/1 66:7f.; 132 vi 9, and passim in Nbk., also VAB 4 212 ii 30 (Ner.), 226 iii 1, and passim in Nbn.; in sdrim x- ri-im in mehe si-lu-lu a .... against the wind, a protecting roof against the storm Unger Babylon pl. 53 and p. 283 ii 15 (Nbk.); ereni si-lulu papahati DN hurdsa usalbis I coated the cedar (beams) of the roof of the chambers of Nabfi with gold VAB 4 126 iii 43 (Nbk.); ereni danniti ana si-lu-lu Etusa hurdsa namri ugalbis sbi aplanu ereni si-lu-lu kaspi u nisiq abni uza'in I coated strong cedar (beams) with shining gold for the roofing of Etusa, I plated with silver and (studded with) choice stones the ceiling under the cedar serving as roof VAB 4 126 iii 28 and 30 (Nbk.); sa ... ina gulSr ereni band si-[lu]-ul-Ju whose roof was made of cedar beams CT 37 21 r. 5 242 (Nbk.). 2. protection granted by a god or king a) referring to gods and spirits: ina mahri oi.uchicago.edu suluilu A palija sa Samas... sa-lul-s A 10; re'd sa-lu-lu(var. -ul) kibrdti the shepherd, the protection of the entire world (var. AN.DUL- su) tdba elija iskunu in the first year of my reign, when Samas spread his sweet pro- AKA 218:13 (Asn.), cf. ibid. 196 iii 11; eli ERIN. tection over me AKA 269 i 44 (Asn.); sa tidi iptdma su-lu-lu iskunu eli ummdnija (Samas) who pointed out (lit. opened) the roads and extended protection over my army TCL 3 416 (Sar.); su-lul-su-nu t.ba elija itrusuma issuru'inni ana sarruti (the great gods) extended their sweet protection over me and preserved me for the kingship Borger Esarh. 42:39, cf. [s]a su-lu-ul-ku-nu elisu taskunuma tassurusuanasarruti ibid. 6 § 3:5; su-lul-su-nu taba andullasunusa salame itrusu elija Streck Asb. 86 x 64; lu si-lu-ul ummdnija Samas at: tama you, Samas, be the protection of my ME kidinni mala bas istakan su-lu-li he extended (his) protection over all the people of kidinnu-status VAS 1 37 iii 33 (Merodachbaladan kudurru); su-lu-lu ummdndtesu andku I (Sennacherib) am the protection of its (Assyria's) armies OIP 2 144:7, and passim in Senn., note sdkin su-lu-li tabi eli nisz and: ana silli u su- kuma Borger Esarh. 35 § 23:3; lu-li qarrib bring them (the children and grandchildren) into the (royal) shadow and protection! ABL 595:11 (NA). 3. shade: ahtalup qzsite sa su-lul-si-na rapsu I wound my way through a forest army! VAB 4 102 iii 19 (Nbk.); silli tdabi elisu turus ana sudti dMarduk ... su-lul-su tabu whose shade was dense elika liskun extend your sweet protection over it (the tomb), for that Marduk will certainly stretch his sweet protection over References wr. with the logogram AN.DUL are cited sub andullu. Streck Asb. 204 vi 5, cf. ibid. 70 viii 83. you YOS 1 43:9 (NB); suliulu B s.; seal impression(?); lex.* elija may your sweet protection (and) your ni-ku bulla with seal impression(?) Hh. X 479f.; im-ri-ig IM.SID.RU (sign name im-ki-si-ib-su-ub-baku) = im-riq-qu, ka-ni-ku, si-pat-su, su-lu-lu Diri IV 131ff. su-u-lu-l[u lit]tabsi eli: kunu may protection be over you LKA 15 libs]d r. 5; su-lul-ka tabu tajd[ratuka ... [... ] mercy be upon me BMS 22:58, see Ebebel E.ZI.DA su-lul ling Handerhebung 108; Barsip (NabfU) lord of Ezida, protection of Borsippa BMS 22:4, also (Enlilbanda) su-lul E.U 6 .[TI.LA] KAR 59:33, and passim in similar phrases, see lex. section; (Marduk) su-lul mdti KAR 59:7, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 64; (Sarpanitu) su-lul mtdti Ebeling Handerhebung p. 68:6; mukannis la mdgiri s[u-lu-u]l-su-un rapsu who subdues the unsubmissive, the broad protection of them (the other gods) En. el. VII 38, with comm.: z[i(?) ka-n]a-sii zi [ma]-gi-ri zu s[u-l]u-lu zu r[a]-pa-si STC 2 pl. 51 iii and pl. 60 K.8299 obv.; kidinni tabu su-lu-li rapsu (Sum. col. damaged) KAR 128 r. 15 (prayer of Tn.); in personal names: Asir-si-lu-l[i] Assur-is-my-Protection BIN 4 91:10, and passim in OA, wr. A-<?r-DUL CCT 2 8:8, and passim, see Hirsch Untersuchungen p. 11; dEN.LiL-U-lu-li BE 14 106:3 (MB), and passim, see Stamm Namengebung 211 n. 3. b) referring to kings: AN.DUL (var. s8-lu- ul) matim (Hammurapi) protection of the country CH ii 48 (prologue), var. from KAV 190 16* im.SID.RU = su-lu-lu, im. SID.RU.S ub.b a = ka- sumama'itu see sumdmitu. suiametu see sumdmitu. (sumdmtu, sumdma'tu) s.; sumamitu thirst; from OB on; sumdma'itu only in LB; cf. samu. a) in gen.: ina nisitisu mamma sa ina su-ma-mi-ti imittu isbassu someone among his relatives who died of thirst has seized him Labat TDP 26:66, cf. ina nisutisu etemmu sa ina su-um-m[a-mi-ti imitu isbassu] ibid. 24:64; ana su-ma-me(var. -mi)-ti u mdnahti ummdnija ina gipis ummdntisunu dapnis lu itbunimma in their massed might they (the enemy army) advanced aggressively against my thirsty and fatigued army (lit. the thirst and fatigue of my army) (Shalm. I). AOB 1 116 ii 24 b) referring to the desert: ina sadi qaqqar su-ma-me-te assakan bedi istu qaqqar su-mame-te ettumu I camped on the steppe, in a terrain without water (lit. of thirst), I left the 243 oi.uchicago.edu sumamu sumbu waterless terrain Scheil Tn. II 64; for qaqqar su-ma-mit kalkaltu Wiseman Treaties 653, see simu usage a; countries sa ahanni ag sa qaqqarsu-ma-ma-i-tum u ahulludulli sa qaqqar su-ma-ma-i-tum which are on this side of the waterless desert and on the other side of the waterless desert VAB 3 85:11 f., also ibid. 87:19f. (Dar.); adi me la ikassadu ana su-ma-me-ti sumbiru (*subbiru)s.; (an ornament); EA.* 1 su-um-bi-ru NA4 jaspu (between a spoon of elammakku-wood and a set of telannuobjects made of alabaster) EA 22 iv 6 (list of gifts of Tusratta). (Thompson DAC 171.) umassirma before the (crest of the) flood arrived, I left the region waterless OIP 2 sumbu (subbu) s.; 1. wagon wheel, 2. wagon, dray; OB (Elam), SB, NB; pl. sumbc (Elam and SB), sumbdti (SB), also subbdnu 80:21 (Senn.), and see Jacobsen, OIP 24 37 and n. 34; U.UKUS LI.LI.GA : tamszl aruni, u qissu ABL 1237:17 sd su-ma-me-ti squash of the desert Uruanna I 252f. c) in transferred mng.: ina qaqqardannati tise'annituqqira me u samma [i]na eqel su-mami-ti you have .... -ed me in a terrain of hunger, you have made water and pasture rare for me in a region of thirst MDP 18 250 r. 15 (OB lit.), possibly to usage b. (NB); wr. syll. and GIS.MAR. GID.DA. um-bi-in GADA+KiD+fR = ma-gar-rum, su-um-bu Idu II 355f.; gis.umbin.mar.gid.da = su-umbu, gis.igi.umbin.mar.gid.da, gis.si.umbin. mar.gid.da, gis.sag.umbin.mar.gid.da = i-in (vars. i-ni, e-nu) MIN Hh. V 92ff., gis.gu. umbin.mar.gid.da = ki-sad su-um-bi, ki-sad ma-ga-ru ibid. 95d-e; [gis.igi.um]bin.mar. gid.da, [gis.x.um]bin.mar.gid.da = i-nu sa sum-bi Nabnitu I 179f. su(var. sd)-um-bu = ma-gar-ru(var.-ri), in MIN = tam-le-e MIN, ki-sad ma-gar-ri = al-lak Malku II 224ff. sumamu s.; thirst; SB, NB; cf. samu. 1. wagon wheel: see all the passages cited ina nabali asar su-ma-mi madbares in= nabtuma they fled to an arid place, a water- inlex. section, cf. 2 gis.umbin.mar.gid.da less region (lit. a terrain of thirst), into the OECT 8 17:43; 4 si-um-bu qadu taktmsunu desert TCL 3 193 (Sar.), cf. asar su-ma-me (in broken context) 3R 10 No. 2:34 (Tigl. III); GN ... mi-rit nabali qaqqar tabti asar su-ma-a-me(var. -mi) (var. su-um-me) ... etiq four wheels with their tires(?) MDP 23 276:1, 1 in-nu MAR.GID.DA one hub (or bushing?) for a wheel (in account of expenditures) MDP 28 472:13, also in-nu GIS.MAR.GID.DA I marched through the region of GN, arid pasture land, saline ground, a waterless ibid. 4. region (lit. a terrain of thirst) Borger Esarh. 56 iv 54, cf. asar su-ma-a-me ibid. 98 r. 37; um-bi [ss s£ pare imeri gammdli harranam namrdsa uruh sz-ma-mi (var. suma-mu) erteddema I passed many times over a difficult road, a path without water (lit. bati cGI su]-um-ba-a-ti GADA zardti OIP 2 92 a path of thirst) VAB 4 124 ii 22, also ibid. 112 i 24, also, wr. su-ma-me ibid. 150 iii 14 (all Nbk.). the preceding narkabdti sise) ibid. 24 i 25, also 2. wagon, dray - a) in SB royal: GIS suWinckler Sar. pl. 15 No. 32 last line (= Lie Sar. 52:17); [narkas sumbaibf s.; (an unidentified product of the fir tree); lex.* r. 15 (Senn.), also ibid. 89:49, etc., but GI S u- um-bi pare mule-drawn wagons (opposed to 43 v 42, etc., always in similar contexts; inaGIS sU- um-bi.ME Elamti ... nisz mtija ... izabbilu libndtisu the people of my land brought bricks for it (the palace) in Elamite wagons Streck Asb. 86 x 85; narkabdti GIs a sadddi gis.BIR.GAM.ma.u.ku (vars. gis.GIR.GAM.a. gis.[d.ku], gi. GIR.GAM.sim.se(!).u.ku) = sumba-bu-4 (var. su-um-ba-b[u-u]) Hh. III 91. GIs su-um-bi (described as decorated with The Forerunner SLT 170 i 11 has gis. BIR(!).GAM(!).mes.e, an unpub. text of this type from RS has gis.BIR.GAM.me.NE. b) in NB letters: narkabdti u GI su-ubba-nu ahia ahia [sa] neribi lu usuzzu the precious metals) ibid. 52 vi 22 (list of booty from Elam), cf. GIS su-um-bi sise pare ibid. 46 v 61. chariots and wagons should take a position 244 oi.uchicago.edu summiratu sumlaliu half on this, half on the other side of the pass to drink) ABL 1237:17. SIM.GAM.MA SU.GIDIM.MA Although eriqqu and sumbu both have the same logogram, only eriqqu (q.v., mng. 3) is used as a designation of the Big Dipper. KUB 37 46 ii 4 (rit.); kukru burdsu nikiptu ... 15 Sammi lappi a chicory, juniper, s., nikiptu (etc.), (these are) 15 herbs for a tampon to ward off "hand-of-the-ghost" KAR 202 r. iv Therefore, su-ub-bi ACh Sin 13:23 (for which 17, cf. (among herbs for a suppository) KAR see subbu s.) should not be connected with sumbu and taken to refer to the Big Dipper 157 r. 38, (among 16 UI.HI.A tu-up-ti) AMT 98,2:4, and passim in med., note KU SIM.GAM.MA KAR 192 r. ii 55. (as it is in Weidner Handbuch der Astronomie 116f. and AfO 4 83 n. 1). Thompson DAB 347f. Salonen Landfahrzeuge 62ff., 109ff. summiratu (summuratu) s. pl. tantum; enterprise; OB, Bogh., SB, NA; summuratu in OB (beside summiratu) and NA; wr. syll. sumlaliu see sumlalu. sumlaluf (sumlald, sumlaliu) s.; (an aromatic); from OA, OB on; wr. syll. and SIM.GAM.MA (SIM.GAM.ME and SA.si.sE(.KI); AMT 58,8:5). giS.sim.GAM.me(var. .ma) = su-um-la-lu-u Hh. III 113; SIM = ri-qz, in-du, siz-um-la-lu, hi-biis-tum (all wr. as glosses) VAT 1562 vii Iff. (Forerunner to Hh. XXIV). [SI]M dup-ra-na// -nu-u : GIS sd SUHUg sum-lu-lu Kocher Pflanzenkunde 31 r. 22. 2 SILA kamunl a) in econ. and hist.: riksi si(!)-um-ld-li-e (buy me) one-half sila of cumin, two bunches of s. KT Hahn 6:4 (OA); in private contexts: su-um-mi-rat ikpudu tu.aaksad atta you (Samas) help (people) obtain what they strive for Lambert BWL 136:162; ana epes sibuti <ana> zanan same ana saldm marsi SA..SE.S.KI.MES 90 SILA su(or si)-um-la-li-e (mentioned with baluhhu, ballukku(?), chicory, juniper, myrrh, cypress oil) CT 29 13:10 (OB let.); 1 BA.AN SIM ARM 9 277:3; 15 MA.NA si-um-la-lu-ui SIM sum-la-le-e ana 5 GIN kaspi (beside kukru, qunnabu) BIN 1 162:3, cf. 20 MA.NA SIM sum-la-le-[e] KA.sa 6 .sa 6 .ki :ana su-mi-ra-ti (in broken context) RA 28 136 Sm. 397:3f. a) (uncert.) cf. samdru. [sa].se.se.ki = s u-mi-ra-tum (followed by sum= = muru and sirimtu) AntagalB 98; [ s.s.s.ki] su-um-me-ra-tu Igituh I 155; SA.s[E.sE].KI = sume-ra-td Izbu Comm. 151. (beside kukru and other aro- matics) GCCI 2 358:2; 3 MA.NA SIM.GAM.MA ade berite sa UCP 9 93 No. 27:13 (all NB); urqssunu SIM kar-Ju SIM.GAM.MA irisu tabu mighty(?) mountains whose vegetation is the sweet-smelling karsu and s. TCL 3 28 (Sar.), cf. GIS.SIM.GAM.MA (among foreign trees planted in the royal park) Iraq 14 41:46 (Asn.). b) used in preparation of perfume: 1 SiLA su-um-la-li-u 1 SILA kanaltu ... taraddisu you add to it (the infusion) one sila of s., one sila of kanaktu (and other aromatics) Ebeling Parfimrez. pi. 8 VAT 9659 r. 19, also ibid. pl. 6:6. c) in med. use: sum-la-le-e ni-[ki-ip-ta?] ina KAS.SAG [...] (various herbs) s., nikiptu [you steep] in fine beer (and give it to him [u mimma ma]la teppusu taqabbi ina salimti qiba tasakkan you may declare (the divination valid) for attaining one's personal wish, for rain, for the recovery of the sick, for an enterprise, or whatever you perform it for-in case it is favorable, you may pronounce the verdict KAR 151 r. 50, cf. ana epos sibiti ana znadn same ana [...] arna SA.SE.SE.KI.MES U mimma mala [teppusu ... ] ana DI.MES tanambi ina salimti [qiba tasakkan] BBR No. 82 r. 23, cf. also [ana s]u-me-ra-a-ti qiba la tasakkan KAR 151:63, also [... ana zandn(?)] same ana si-me-ra-te KAR 397 r. 2; irnittasu ikassad etellis ittanallak [(x) SA].sE.sE.KI ikassad (this man) will reach his goal, he will walk about as though a lord, he will attain what he strives for 4R 55 No. 2:23; ema usammaru su-um-mi-ra-ti-ia luksud may I attain what I strive for, whenever I strive Maqlu VII 173; amelu s, si-mi-ra-tifor it s4 ikassad CT 40 50:49, cf. NA.BI SA.SE.Sikasad ibid. K.8682+:15, si-mi-ra-tu [ika sad] CT 40 11:82 (SB Alu), cf. SA.SE.SE.KI-i 245 oi.uchicago.edu summu summiratu ikassad Dream-book 329 r. ii 2f., also (with ul ikasad) ibid. 16; E.BI su-mi-ra-tu-s1 ikassad CT 41 32 r. 2 (Alu Comm.); LU s c-mufra-atl [us]ammaru qdssu ikassad YOS 10 9:17 (OB ext.). b) referring to the king, the army: su-mira-ti-ka takassad (followed by nakram takam: of. ummdnka mu) YOS 10 44:47 (OB ext.), SA.SE.sE.KI-si la ikassad TCL 6 2:16, ummdn nakri sA.sE.sE.KI-su la ikassad ibid. 17, dupl. CT 28 43: 6f., and passim in SB ext., cf. [ummds num asar] illaku su-mi-ra-ti-i-sa [ikassad] YOS 10 46 v 23 (OB ext.); note, exceptionally in a different construction: ina zumur nakri SA.sE.sE.KI-[ka takassad (or teleqqi)] CT 30 21 83-1-18,467 r. 10 (SB ext.); also sz-me-rat ERIN KUR [...] KAR 423 iii 38 (SB ext.); su- me-ra-te kas-da-te fulfilled wishes KAR 178 r. iii 18, abbr. su-me-ra-ti (hemer., for the 28th or 29th day of the month) ibid. r. v 76, corresponding to u.ma s6.sa.ab or u.ma sa.sa, e.g., u.ma sa.sa (for the 29th day of Uliilu) 5R 48 vi 31 (= RA 38 32), s a.ab (for the 28th day of Tasritu) ui.ma sa. ibid. vii 31, ibid. 14, cf. si-mi-rat NU KUR.MES Boissier DA 226:17, si-mi-rat ummanija NU.KUR.MES ibid. 16, suime-rat ummdn nakri [NU.KUR.MES] KAR 423 iii 38, cf. also si-me-rat ummdnija KUR.MES CT 31 35 r. 5, si-me-rat ummanija KUR.MEStum KUB 37 198 r. 18 and 20; sA.SE.SE.KI VAB 4 268 ii 18 (Nbn.), ummdnija KUR.MES [siU-m]i-ra-a-tum KUR.MES CT 30 38 i 7, where the refs. KAR 178 iv 19(!), r. ii 65, 5R are cited sub mng. 2a-2', 49 vii 29 and x 25 because no syllabic spelling of irnittu is attested in the hemerologies, and hence should be read summiratu. The Sum. imperative sa.sa.ab of this phrase, also wr. sa.sa, e.g., 5R 48 vi 31, was later interpreted as a plural, and this resulted in the translation (summirdtu) kasdatu in the hemerologies sub usage b, which also appears as apodosis of omens. This construction otherwise occurs only in the phrase tasmirtu kasittu. A.ma summu see simu. and (16th day of Nisannu) ibid. i 17 and KAR 178 iv 19, (22nd day of Tebetu) 5R 49 x 25; umi-ra-tum la ka-as-[da-tum] KAR 454:13, si-mi-ra-at nakri ka-as-[da-tum] It is difficult to establish the shades of meaning of the kindred terms summirdtu, sibltu, and irnittu, all of which are used with kasadu (while eristu and hisihtu, referring to necessity or obligation, are not used with this verb). The meaning of summirdtu lies more in the sphere of "endeavor" than in that of "wish." The phrase u.ma sa.sa.ab in the hemerologies sub usage b is more likely to belong under summiratu than under irnittu, SA. SE.SE.KI KUR.MES CT 20 49 r. 32 and 50:18 (all SB ext.), also CT 28 25:19 (SB physiogn.); su- um-mu-rat sa sarri beli[jalu-sak-s]i-du(!) may (the gods) grant that the king reach his goal summf s.; thirst, need, want; SB, NB; cf. samu. li.imma(KAXUD).ta en.nu.un.ta ug 5 .ga: sa ina su-me-e u sibitti imutu (the ghost of) one who died of thirst in (lit. and) imprisonment (parallel: inabubuti u sibitti) ASKT p. 8 8-89 ii 23. a) in gen.: ultu saddagis mamma akale sa plja ul inamdina bubutu u su-um-mu-u elija indaqut since last year nobody has given me food to eat (lit. for my mouth), hunger and thirst have come upon me ABL 716:20 (NB); me ittisunu nilti ina su-um-me-e la qdt sarri la nilli let us drink water with them (from the canal) so that we need not leave the king because of thirst ABL 327 r. 15, cf. ina su-um- me-e la nimdta (there is no spring water) let us not die of thirst ibid. r. 6, also ina su-um- ABL 1228:9 (NA). The occasional writings with double m suggest that the form is summiratu. The OB and NA forms su(m)murdtu seem to be phonetic variants. A third form, sumrtu, in NA, has been separated, although possibly it, too, represents only a phonetic variant. me-e ana si-ri-e indalu (people must not say that these are the citizens of Nippur who became subjects of Assyria) because they were fed up with lack of water ibid. r. 20 (NB); mt su-um-mi-e [imdt] he will die of thirst Kraus Texte 6 r. 54 (SB physiogn.), var. sime-e ibid. 5 r. 4'; [a] ina um tuhdi irbi ina um su-um-me-e iqab[biruu] he who grew up 246 oi.uchicago.edu summudu sumu during an age of plenty will be buried in an age of want (lit. thirst) p. 19 KAR 169 r. iv 18; Gossmann Era II lu nasdti nddu every year I collect and heap up and bring for them (the gods) the yield of the mountains (i.e., imported objects) as a rich gift sa su-um-me-e-ki (var. ana su-me-e-[ki]) carry a waterskin to ward off your thirst VAB 4 152 iii 32 (Nbk.). 4R 56 iii 54 (Lamastu), dupl. Thompson Gilg. pl. 28 K.10536:4, var. from KAR 239 ii 26; obscure: milu inahhis [...] KI.MIN me-ri(!)-S ina su- um-me-e imdtma mahiru sihru ina mdti ibassi the flood will recede [... ], ditto, the land under cultivation will die of thirst and prices will sumratu s. pl. tantum; endeavor, goal; NA; cf. samaru. ema qabli u tahazi asar usammaru su-um-rat [lib]bija lu 4-<sd>-ak-i-da-ni wherever in battle or war I strive (for victory), may he (Ninurta) help me to attain the goal of my be high in the country CT 39 16:50 (SB Alu). heart AKA 211:26 (Asn.); su-um-rat libbi ana b) referring to the desert: qirib madbar asar su-um-me-e kalkalti in the midst of the desert, a place of thirst and hunger Streck king, my lord, to attain his goal ABL 141:7. sarribelija lusaksidu may (the gods) help the For discussion of the noun formation, see summiratu. Asb. 204 vi 10, for other refs., see sumu. c) in transferred mng.: ina su-um-me-e sa sipirtu amdta I am dying of thirst for a **sumru (Bezold Glossar 238b) see samdru. message (from you) CT 22 222:8 (NB let.). siumu (summu) s.; thirst; OB, SB, NA, NB; cf. samu. summudu (sammudu, fem. summuttu) adj.; 1. yoked, harnessed, 2. (mng. uncert.); SB*; cf. samddu. gis.apin.ke6.da = su-mu-du (var. sa-mu-d[u]), gis.apin.nu.k6e.da = la-a MIN Hh. V 125f.; [gis.mar.gid.da.kes. [g]i. mar.gid.da.lal, da ] = su-mu-tu (var. su-um-mu-ut-tu) ibid. 74f.; nig.kk6 = sum-mu-da(text -us)-tum (gloss) PBS 5 151:7 (Proto-Izi). 1. yoked, harnessed (said of eriqqu wagon and epinnu seeder-plow): see lex. section. 2. (mng. uncert.): ki.sikil su nu.un. du,.a [...] gurus a nu.un.la.e [...] : arf datu la suk[lultu ... ] etlu la su-um-[mu-du ... ] a woman who is not .... , a man who is not . K.5114+: 19f., cited Falkenstein Haupttypen p. 38 n. 2, guru 38f. cf. ki.sikil su.nu.un.du 7 .a a nu.l.a **summuhu summuhu. Konst. 630 iv 9f., cited ibid. [i]m-mi-in KAXUD = su--mu S b I 268; [im-mei]n KAXA, KAXERIM = su-u-[mu] Ea III 149f., cf. en-me-en (var. im-me-en) KAXA Proto-Ea 313 (in MSL 2 56); im-maKAXUD = su-u-mu CT 41 29:18 (Alu Comm. to Tablet XLVI); [A.sI] = si-mu = (Hitt.) ka-ni-i[a-x] thirst KUB 3 103:6 (Diri III); [...] = sd-um-mu (followed by nibritu and husahhu) Erimhus III 160. musen.bi ki.dal.a imma(KAxuD).na ba. an.[x] : issiirsu asar ipparsu ina su-mu [...] wherever it had flown, its (the temple's) bird [died] of thirst LKU 14 ii 17f. a) in gen.: wherever I got tired, I sat down on a stone in the mountain and me nddi ka-su-ti ana su-me-ia (var. su-um-me-ia) lu asti drank cold water from the waterskin to (quench) my thirst OIP 2 72:41 (Senn.), var. from ibid. 36 iv 9 and 65:43, cf. m esu-mi ul asqi I did not give (my army) water to drink for (their) thirst TCL 3 129 (Sar.); mut bubuti (Bezold Glossar 238b) see u su(var. adds -um)-mi limta let him (the eagle) die of hunger and thirst Bab. 12 pl. 5:9, var. from pl. 4 r. 8, and dupl. pl. 3:24 (SB Etana); ina qaqqarsumamt kalkaltu ndakunu lu ta-tibi [ina] su-um me meta may you dip (in vain) your waterskins in an arid terrain (and) summunu see zummunu. summuritu see summiratu. die of thirst Wiseman Treaties 655; andku ina summuru v.; to collect; NB; cf. simru A. bilat sadi ... igisd summuhu i4-sa(var. adds -am)-ma-ar unakkam ,sattisam userrebs'unu su-misa m amdtu I am dying of thirst ABL 716 r. 19 (NB); sittdteunu ina su-me-e ina mu-da-bi-ri Purattu 247 ekul the rest of them oi.uchicago.edu sumu suppu (the enemy soldiers) the Euphrates swallowed in their thirst (i.e., weakened from having suffered from thirst) in the desert AKA 356 kalkalti irdu illiku they drank their fill of water in GN, then marched on for six double hours through a waterless terrain (lit. a iii 37 (Asn.); [DUMU(?)]-ka libbdz maki [sa l]a su-mu NINDA.HI.A tusebbi you gorge your terrain of thirst and hunger) ibid. 72 viii 122, cf. qaqqar su-um-me asar kalkalti ibid. 204 vi 27, qaqqar su-um-me kalkalti ibid. 206:42, also madbar asar su-um-me kalkalti ibid. 70 viii 87; for similar refs., see summi. [son] with food as if he were needy, though he has no appetite (lit. thirst) (for it) UET 4 183:21 (NB let.); Jupli ul e-ne-eh-ma si-mi u-ul at-r[u ... ] Lambert BWL 278:4 (Bogh., proverbs), cf. su-mu lemnu (Sum. broken) ASKT p. 87 ii 3; qurddi kZma um su-mi sunduru see sudduru adj. in sunnu s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* isebbu mitu the eyes of the warriors, as on a day of thirst, are brimming with death Tn.- [ni-ig] [GAR] = su-un-nu, uz-nu, ip-u sd a-ri A III/6:25ff. Epic ii 44; [...] si-mu iksuda[nnima] (obscure) ARM 4 78 r. 20. suinu s.; sheep, sheep and goats (used as a collective); EA*; WSem. gloss; cf. senu s. b) in omen texts: umman sarrim ina harrdnim sic-mu-um isabbat thirst will seize laqi gabbu istu biti ardika laqi KU.BABBAR. MES laqi LU.MES laqi UDU.UDU.MES // Su-u-nu the king's army on the campaign YOS 10 31 iii 11 (OB ext.), cf. ERIN-ni sci-mu isa[bbat] KUB 37 218 (liver model), also CT 31 33 r. 35, KAR 454 r. 2 (SB ext.); ummdni ina harrdn // ha-zi-lu alanu belija everything has been taken from your subject's house-the silver has been taken, the people have been taken, the sheep and goats have been taken, (and) my lord's towns have been destroyed(?) EA illaku si-mu isabbassimame la tdbuti isattima imat thirst will seize my army on the campaign they are engaged in, and they will drink polluted water and die CT 20 7:24 (SB ext.); nakru dlka ilammima ina sihit samsi [...] bra lihra me bureka ana bur <Ju> [... dlka] ina simetan ina si-mi isabbat the enemy will besiege your city, and if he digs a well at dawn [... ], [he will drain] the water of your wells into his wells and capture [your city] at sunset because of the thirst (ofits inhabitants) CT 30 45 83-1-18,415 r. 11, cf. nakru alka ina simetan ina si-mi isabbat ibid. r. 8 (SB ext.). c) referring to the desert: [...] GN sa 263:12. supitu see subtu. suppu (sa'upu)adj.; 1. solid, massive (said of objects made from precious metals), 2. thick, compacted (said of a textile); MB, MA, NA; Ass. sa'upu. e-pi-iq = su-u-pi // qa-a-lu, up-pu-qd = su-upp[u] Izbu Comm. 271c and d; qi-e-el = su-up-pu ibid. 281; up-pu-qu = su-up-pu (ibid. 173 (comm. to CT 27 21:18), and note e-pe-qu = up-pu-qu Izbu Comm. 279. 1. solid, massive (said of objects made from qirib madbari sitkunat subassun [asar/qaqqar] precious metals) - a) in MB: 1 HAR sU su-me sa ritu masqgtu la basi qiribsun [the K.GI siu-up-pu one solid bracelet of gold inhabitants of] GN, who live in the midst of PBS 2/2 120:11, of. [x] HAR SU KTU.GI 8u-upthe waterless (lit. of thirst) desert, where there pu-tum Sa SAL ibid. 18, [x SU G]iR KT.GI is neither pasture nor watering place OIP 2 TUR.MES s-up-pu-tum [.. .. ] ibid. 22, also ibid. 93 r. 27 (Senn.); ina su-um-me kalkalti iskunu napiste sittutu ... ana su-um-me-su-nu istattu dame u me parsu they lost their lives because of thirst and hunger, the rest of them (slit the stomachs of their camels and) drank the blood and dirty liquid to (quench) their thirst 12, 6 ber qaqqaru asar su-um-me 2 GT.HAS KIT.GI sui-up-pa- golden leaves ibid. 7, also 5 e-ru Ki.GI.HUS siU-up-pu-tum ibid. r. 9. Streck Asb. 74 ix 35 and 37; ina GN ist~ me nilbe ... 13 and 21; turn two solid necklaces of gold PBS 13 80:4, cf. 5 e-rum KU.GI si-up-pu-tum five solid, b) in NA: 55 kapp kaspi su-up-pu-te Winckler Sar. pi. 45 B 21, 248 and cf. 54 kapp oi.uchicago.edu suppu A suppu D kaspi su-pu-ti TCL 3 360; 4 GIS.BANSUR.MES su-pat 2 GIS gdn-gdn-ni su-pu-ti Iraq 23 pl. (this means) that it (already) had a horn when (it came out of) its mother's womb 17 ND 2490+:41f. Izbu Comm. Z line 9', also Summa enzu su-pa MIN sa UDU.NITA BABBAR-e ul-l[a-du] if a she-goat 2. thick, compacted (said of a textile): 1 TUG.HI.A bira ir-qa sa-4-pa one green felt (gives birth) to a ..- sheep (this means) that she is giving birth to a white (male) sheep mat, compacted KAV 99:19 (MA let.), cf. 1 TUG.II.A qa-at-nu sa--pu AfO 19 pl. 6:9, also TUG.1I.A.MES su-pa-a-te KAV 108:4 (MA). ibid. line 10'. The breed called suppu seems to have been characterized by a white and curly fleece. The explanations in the Izbu Comm. suggest the translation "solid, massive." In the.other refs. the adjective could be rendered as "polished," "pressed," see suppu v. suppu A (su'bu)s.; sheep of a special breed; OA, OB, SB, NA; su'bu in NA. udu.UD = su-up-pu = [...] Hg. A II 258 (coll.); kus.udu.babbar = MIN (= maalc) su-up-[p]u (followed by kus.udu.MI = MIN s d-[...]) Hh. XI 71 (from unpub. dupl.); udu.u[D] = MIN (= sc-up-pu) im-me-r Nabnitu E 283. [su-u]p-pu = im-me-ru Malku V 28. a) in OA, NA: for each mina 2 MA.NA kaspam issattim sibtam ussab i 6 su-pe-e he pays one-half mina of silver and six s.-sheep i per year as interest Golenischeff No. 5:9, cf. 6 su-pe-e ussab ibid. 4, and passim in unpub. OA texts; 14 UDU.HI.A suc-pu-t CCT 5 32a:14; 1300 UDU.MES su-'-be ABL 1288:12 (coll. A. Sachs). b) in OB, SB lit.: tiqdm puhadam namram si-pa-am suppuram sipti a bright-eyed(?) lamb, a white s.-sheep with curly fleece RA (J. Lewy, MVAG 33 p. 50 note c.) suppu B s.; (a topographical term); pl. suppatu. MB; a) in kudurrus: the lower side (of the estate), to the south, is adjacent to the city GN, the territory of the city GN 2 4 ssu-up-paa-ti sa LU na-has-si-x-x and the s.-s of the .... -men MDP 6 pl. 9 i 31, cf. US.SA.DU su- up-pa-a-tisa si-ri-bi (in similar context) BBSt. No. 15 ii 6. b) in a let. from Nippur: su-up-pa-tu-sunu la innaddd their s.-s must not be neglected (or: left fallow) PBS 1/2 56:20, cf. su-up-pa- ti-su-nu limallu let them fill the s.-s (with water) ibid. 15, also su-up-pa-taana eqel sarri ana la ersi la x x x ibid. 17. Aro Glossar 94. *suppu C s.; strip of carded wool; NB*; Aram. lw.; pl. suppatu. PN has given to Ebabbar 14 minas of 38 87 AO 7032:3 (OB ext.); ga... tiqu panusu finished work KU(!) sc-up-pa ar-qa bright-eyed with clean face, a yellow s.-sheep (describing a gazelle) siG su-up-pa-a-ta consisting of (lit. the weight of) ten bunches(?) of wool and three BBR No. strips of carded wool Nbk. 286:3; x si-pi-re- 100:13 (= Craig ABRT 1 60, coll.); summa immer sikitti sabiti sakin sa-rat-su a-na sa-rat si-up-pi maslat if the sheep has the stature (looks) of a gazelle (this means) its fur is like the fur of a s.-sheep CT 41 9:8, also, wr. su(vars. si, su)-up-pi CT Camb. 235:2, cf. ibid. 4, cf. also x MA.NA GADA ana su-up-pa-a-ta Nbn. 731:2; su-pa(!)-a-ta akanna jdnu YOS 3 117:29 (let.), wr. su-up-pui-ti ibid. 26. (also sippe) for which see Krauss Talmudische Archaeologie 1 137, also Jastrow Diet. p. 1278b. up-pa ulid if a she-goat gives birth to a s.sheep CT 28 32 K.3838+ r. 1, followed by Summa su-up-pa enza ulid ibid. 2 (SB Izbu), cf. summa u s su-pa MIN Sa ultu libbi ummisu if a ewe gives birth to a s.-sheep e-tu 4 sa su-up-pa-a-tu4 x dyed wool for s.-s Translation suggested by Talmudic suppa 31 30:9, etc., for vars. see Meissner, AfO 9 120 (SB behavior of sacrificial lamb); summa enzu su- s[I GAR] KI.LA 10 siG is-hu-nu u 3-ta suppu D s.; (mng. uncert.); NA.* On the 20th the king, my lord, should put on white garments ina muhhi passiri su-up- 249 oi.uchicago.edu suppu supru A pi NINDA.HI.A [l]i-ri-su (for llris) and as to the table, he should fast on (lit. crave) s. of (or: and) bread ceremony). ABL 26 r. 8 (referring to a mourning horses JEN 527:24, note however: 1 gurpisu suppu v.; to rub, to rub down a horse; MA. tab.ba = sa-pa-nu, u.kin.ag.a = su(var. zu)-up-pu, su.iur = se-e-rum, su.ur.ra = pa-sd-tu Erimhus V a) crested (said of helmets, Nuzi only): 3 gurpisu siparri si-up-pu-ru Sa sisi three bronze helmets, trimmed with a crest, for 95ff.; su.kin.ag.a = si-up-pu Nabnitu E 282. [a]b..zu.zg.me.en = a-na-ku d-sa-ap, ab.zu. zu.e = su-t -sa-ap (zu probably = tumx) OBGT III ii 104f., see MSL 4 71. crest ibid. 9, also (with sa LU.KUS) ibid. 10; 1 gurpisu siparrisi-up-pu-ru HSS 15 142:11. b) trimmed, decorated: 1 paskaru hurdsi sa ki guhassi si-up-pu-ru one gold headdress trimmed (with decoration) like braided wire tuseld i tu-saa-a-ap you bring (the horses) up (from the horse pond), rub them down with fat (ghee?) Ebeling Wagenpferde G r. 6, M+N 3, also (broken) B 8, F r. 5, cf. T 7; tapattar tusarrah tu-sa-ap (between training periods) you unharness (the horses), you keep them warm (while) you rub them down Ebeling Wagenpferde A 5, cf. tapattar u <tu>-sa-ap ibid. Ab 2, tapattar tu-sa-ra-ah [tusap] ibid. Ab 6, also H 4, I+ K 6, O r. 6, S r. 5, (wr. tu-sa-aap) ibid. G 12, also (followed by i u sind[te tanaqqi] you [pour] fat (ghee?) and urine [over them]) KUS a leather helmet (in same context) ibid. 25; 3 gurpisu siparri sa LU s4-up-pu-ru three bronze helmets for men, trimmed with a ibid. E r. 5, restored after F 10; EA 22 ii 13 (list of gifts of Tusratta); 1 U bi-tiin-ka-ak sa SiG.GAN.ME.TA si-up-pu-ru one pair of gloves(?) trimmed in red wool ibid. i 46; I bring you as offering tiqdm puhadam namram suppam si-pu-ra-amsipati a brighteyed(?) lamb, a white suppu-lamb with its RA 38 87:3 (OB ext. prayer), in fleece dressed the late version replaced by si-up-pa ar-qa BBR No. 100:13 (= Craig ABRT 1 60, coll. W. G. Lambert). [u]su c) feathered(?), said of arrows: mulmullu kalisina su-pur all the arrows are feathered(?) Lambert BWL 204 KAR 48 fragm. [tu]Stahallallaltusgarrartu-sa-ap you let (the 3 col. A 6 (SB). horses) walk at ease, you walk them around, d) obscure: srumma ina appi usarisu you rub them down ibid. A 12; tapattar umsatu saknatma u su-pur .if there is a mole tusgarrartusa[rrahtusap] ibid. I +K 9, S 7, cf. [tapattar ... tuS]garrar Samme ... [tuSarra ... tu-sa]-ap you unharness them, walk them, give them fodder to eat, rub them down ibid. F r. 9, cf., wr. tu-sa-a-ap ibid. E 5. The verb suppu is paralleled by the verb isk- in the Hittite horse-training text where it refers to the application of ghee (i.NUN). For isk- corresponding to passusee Friedrich Heth. Wb. 87b. Note that seru (MA siaru), which occurs in a group with suppu in the Erimhus ref. in the lex. section, refers to rubbing the horse with hot water in the MA horsetraining text. (Ebeling Wagenpferde 46 index sub zdbu.) suppi see subbM and sub. suppuru adj.; trimmed, crested, tasselled, feathered; OB, EA, Nuzi, SB; cf. seperu. Kraus on his glans penis and (the glans) is .... Texte 9d r. 14' (= AMT 22,1), with gloss u supur NA RI x [...] ibid. 14a. supru A s.; 1. (human) nail, 2. nailimpression (on a clay tablet), nail-mark, 3. claw, claw-shaped ornament (on furniture and objects), 4. hoof, 5. clove (of saffron); from OB on; fem. in dual, pl. supratu in Mari and MA (see mngs. 3b and 4), note su-par TCL 12 8:38 (NB), su-p6r-i ADD 75:1, 473:2; wr. syll. and UMBIN (GAD+KiD+UR); cf. supru A in sa supri. um-bi-in UMBIN = su-up-ru S b I 231; [um-biin] UMBIN = u-ba-nu, su-up-ru, magarru, imtu A III/1:23 ff.; um-bi-in UMBIN = magarru, sumbu, su-up-rum, ubanu, imtu Idu II 355ff.; gi .umbin. gu.za = su-up-ru leg of a chair ending in claws Hh. IV 121, cf. gis.umbin.bansur = su-pur pa-[d-su-ri] leg of a table ibid. 203, gis.umbin. n& = su-up-ru leg of a bed ibid. 173, gis.umbin. 250 oi.uchicago.edu supru A supru A zi.gan = su-pur MIN (= sik-ka-nu) s. of a steering oar ibid. 420, for Hh. IV 154ff. referring to legs of beds, see ersu s. mng. la-3'; umbin.KA.suD.ga, umbin.KA.su.dug 4 .ga = MIN (= ru-ub-bu-u) sd GIS.UMBIN to grow, said of nails Nabnitu J 136 f.; da.ag.a = leq s[d sahati], umbin.ag.a, umbin. kud = MIN sd s[u-up-ri] to cut the nails Nabnitu S 255ff. ze.ta bi.iz.bi.iz.za.bi gir.bi hul.a : ina su-up-ri-s4 martu itta: nattuk kibissu imtu lemuttu from his (the demon's) claws gall drips, his (every) step is evil venom BIN 2 22:35; for other bil. passages, all umbin = supru, see mngs. Ib, 3a and 4. b) in magic contexts: 1. (human) nail - a) in gen. - (to be exorcised) ASKT p. 86-87:62f., cf., with JNES 15 142:44', and Nabnitu S, in lex. section; AG.AG.BI var. su-pur (in same context) if a man's fingernails are short AfO 18 63 i 16 (OB omens), cf. (with arrakialong) ibid. 15, cf. UMBIN-sd kur-ra-a KAR 472 i 8 (physiogn.); summa su-up-ra-su na-ma-li mala if his nails are full of .... Kraus Texte 22 iv 1, also summa sarpa if his nails are dotted with red spots ibid. 2, also (with nasqa UMBIN.ME S-s are torn out?) SAg ibid. 3; summa UMBIN GIG if he has a disease of the nails (preceded by symptoms concerning the fingers) Labat TDP 100:60, cf. (in broken context) AMT 100,3 r. 4, 7 and 11; [...] lapnis ukassisu su-up-r[a ... ] they (the four Elamite princes who performed feats of archery before Assurbanipal) broke their fingernails as if (they were throwing) throw-sticks Bauer Asb. 88 r. 15; kima naqimtu usis uappira su-pur-a-a (see sepgru mng. 2a) Lambert BWL 54 line f (Ludlul III, cited in comm.), see Lambert ibid. 299 f.; note the nuance "handwriting" (reading uncert.): UMBIN PN handwriting of PN (in subscript) SBH p. 33 r. 35, also KUB 4 53 r. 11, and note corresponding use in Hebrew Jer. 17:1. 2' toenail: gumma UMBIN SU.SI.MES GiRI I- si if his toenails (are yellow or red) Labat TDP 144:47'f.; bulti TA muhhi adi UMBIN liqti masmdsi remedies (to be used) from head to toe, collections of the masmdsu Kiichler Beitr. pl. 5:59, 13:59, 20:51 (all colophons), see von Soden, WZKM 55 54; istu UMBIN SAIHAR. 1I.A Siddam mala alliku 4-[...] [I do not know ?] how far I went from the base (lit. toe) of the earthen wall (= ramp, agger) TMB p. 48 No. 96:3, also MKT 2 p. 26. UMBIN.MES-s4Z TI-qi ina libbi tidi tukappat ana muhhi UMBIN.MES-ka tustanaprar its ritual is: you cut his nails, you put them into balls of clay, you spread(?) (the clay) on your nails (and then throw the clay into a well, or river, etc.) KAR 134:13f., Cf. KITI-u (= lequ) UMBIN- 1' fingernail: [summa awilum su-up]-ra-sukurria a.ag.a zumri li-qit su-up-ri shavings from the armpit, shavings from the body, nail parings umbin.bi USx(KAXBAD) da.ag.a umbin.ag.a : gulibat sahati MIN (= gulibat) ia lippatirarnm let my sin be exorcised through my nail parings ibid. 11, also [itti TI-U(?) UM]BIN-ia arni putur ibid. 6, and the subscript 2(!) INIM.INIM.MA [X] UMBIN DUg.U.DA. KAM two incantations to exorcise by means of nail [parings?] ibid. 12; note ru-sa-am sa si- up-ri-i-su adi 7 sibisu iqqur qdtissu ilqe episu Saltam ibtani (Ea) scraped out the dirt from (under) his fingernails seven times, took it into his hand (and) baked it, (thus) he created Saltu VAS 10 214 r. v 24 (OB Agusaja); sdrat suhatisu scrat irtisu u li-qit UMBIN-Sic itti tidim sudtu tuballalma salma teppus you make a figurine by mixing with this clay hair from his armpit, hair from his chest, and his nail parings ZA 45 200 i 12 (Bogh. rit.), cf. U ku-zu-ru Uruanna I 467, also CT 14 41 Rm. 2,497 and dupl. CT 37 26 ii 6 (Uruanna). UMBIN ameluti : 2. nail-impression (on a clay tablet), nailmark - a) nail-impression (on a clay tablet), nail-mark - 1' in Elam: si-pur PN nailmark of PN (written beside the nail-mark of the party assuming a responsibility, on the edge of the tablet) MDP 22 138:24, and passim, also, wr. UMBIN PN MDP 18 228:20 (= 22 37:20), MDP 22 123:17, MDP 23 253:22, note, wr. pur-s MDP 23 239 and 253, also shortened to sU-pur-u MDP 18 202, and passim, sii-pur-su- nu MDP 22 107, and passim, sU-pur-s~ MDP 23 225, SAL S.-pur-sd MDP 23 244 and 279, sui-pur-i-na ibid. 278, s~-pur 5-u-nu MDP 22 15:38. 2' in MB: si-pur PN kima kunukkisu nailmark of PN instead of his seal BE 14 129:18, 251 oi.uchicago.edu supru A supru A four minas of copper for (his) nail-mark PBS 2/2 49:17, also (5 marks for each person as on BE 14 128a) PBS 2/2 51:26, Peiser Urkunden 101 r. 10 and 102:21, wr. su-pur ibid. 111:20, and passim in MB loan contracts, of. kunuk PN U UMBIN PN2 ADD 350 left edge, and passim, also 10 MA.NA URUDU.MES su-up-[ri- -nu] TCL 9 58:61, 8a [... su]-pur-sc-nu ittahru they received [the silver?] for their nail-marks AJSL 42 172 No. seal of PN and nail-mark of PN 2 BE 14 106:14, also UMBIN PN sissikti PN 1152 left edge (all NA). 2 nail-mark of PN, (impression of) the hem of PN2 ibid. 86 case 17; si-pur PN kunuk sibitu nail-mark of PN (the seller), seal of the witnesses PBS 2/2 27:27; note (on stone tablets) su-pur PN ... kima kangisu BBSt. No. 27 edge 4, and UMBIN PN kima NA 4 .KISIB- su YOS 1 37 r. 33. 3' in NA: kim kunukkatisu<nu> su-pursi-nu iskunu they put their nail-marks (here) instead of their seals (nail-marks of the sellers follow) ADD 415: 1ff., and passim in NA, always at the beginning of a contract, or on the top edge, and followed by the nail-marks of the sellers su-pur PN, su-pur PN 2 , etc., also su-pur PN kunuk PN 2 ADD 272:1. 12 pl. 14), cf. AfO 14 305 K.5299:11 (SB version); 4' in NB and LB: su-up-ru PN u PN2 nddine eqli kima kunukkisunu nail-mark of PN and PN2 , sellers of the field, instead of their seals 5R 67 No. 1 r. 31 (Ner., from Babylon), cf. ZA 4 138 No. 6:15 (Nabopolassar), BIN 2 131:39 (Nbk.), and rarely in NB Babylon, cf. Strassmaier, Actes du 8 e Congres International No. 5 r. 24 (Esarh., Babylon), also ibid. No. 6:42 (Samassum-ukin), also under Kandalanu, in Babylon under Darius, and frequent in Nippur in the NB, Achaemenid and Seleucid periods; su-pur-sUi-nu BE 9 100:18, and passim in LB, note su-pur PN (beside the seal of another person) TuM 2-3 180:15, (beside the ring of another person) BRM 2 1 left edge, and passim; un-qu Sa PN BE 9 49, note UMBIN U unqu u su-pur sa PN BE 10 86:18 and 117:23. 5' in non-legal contexts: 3. claw, claw-shaped ornament (on furniture and objects) - a) claw - 1' of a bird: SIG4 sepisu sa imitti UMBIN MUSEN the base(?) of his (the demon's) right foot is a bird's claw MIO 1 74 r. iv 43 (SB description of representations of demons), cf. [SIG4 ] GIR I I S imittisu ssu-pur MUSEN-ma ibid. 76 v 5; dIM. DUGUD si-up-ra-ka your talons are (like those of) an eagle AfO 13 46 r. ii 3 (OB lit.), cf. su-pur are su-pur-a-s~ Gilg. VII iv 19, also [... ]-Ii su-pur-si STT 28 iii 16; si-up-ra-nuus-Ju qa-qa(!)-ra-a[m ... ] he (the eagle) [dug up(?)] the ground with his talons (to rob the snake's nest) RA 24 106 r. 7 (OB Etana) (= Bab. umbin.se.ba(var. adds .bi) amar su.ti (var. adds .a) : ina si-up-ri-si (var. [s]uup-ri-si) bu-u-ra (var. bu-ra-su) ileqqi who snatches the calf with his claws SBH p. 15:11, var. from 4R 26 No. 2:26f., cf. immeru ina su-up-ri-su isbat AMT 61,7 r. 12; UMBIN UD. DU.BU.MUSEN the claw of an arabi-bird (in a prescription) AMT 82,2 r. 4; note UMBIN MUSEN (referring to the arrangement of the exta called "bird," see issuru mng. 4) YOS 10 53:18f. (OB). 2' of an animal: if a mare gives birth to two foals and UMBIN kalbi saknu they have dog's claws CT 27 48:7 (Izbu), cf. UMBIN nesi saknu they have lion's claws ibid. 8; note .NAM.TAR : u su-pur kalbi in medical use: salmi anne the owner of this nail-mark (referring to the bdrk in the request for oracles) Uruanna I 585, cf. TJ GIS.NAM.TAR : AS su-p[u]r kalbi salmi, TJ ha-su-i : AS UMBIN kalbi salmi Uruanna III 42 and 44, cf. also CT 14 41 Rm. 2,497, and dupl. CT 37 26 ii 5 (Uruanna), also (in a prescription) AMT 76,1:8. bel UMBIN SU.SI BBR No. 11 ii 3, 100:44, 101:2, for actual nail-marks, see PRT p. xxvii. b) referring to the payment received by the sealing person: x silver sa UMBIN-8U ADD %57 left edge, 1 GiN KU.BABBAR Sa supur-M ADD 274 edge, also Iraq 16 42 ND 2324; 4 MA.NA URUDU.MES Sa su-pur ittisi he took b) claw-shaped ornament (on furniture and objects): for pre-Sar. refs., see DP 427 i 3, for OAkk. (all referring to legs of beds) see RTC 222 ii 1, 223 i 12, 227 i 3, BIN 8 260:1ff.; 4 gis.umbin gu.za ha.lu.fb four chair legs ofhuluppu-wood Hussey Sumerian Tablets 252 oi.uchicago.edu supru A 2 5 iii 18, supru B cf. 3 gis.umbin gu.za gis. hashur urudu.gar.ra ibid. 17, UMBIN for other chair legs in Ur III, see UET 3 Index p. 74 s. v. dubbin, see also lex. section; 25 su-up-ra- tu sa NA4 ku-si-gi ibid. No. 20:8; ana ini qanni su-up-ri u sibbati izzaz he (the lessee) is responsible for the eyes, the horns, the hooves and the tail (of the hired ox) PBS 8/2 196:12, also Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 p. 26 No. 771:12 (both OB), cf. alpu suklulu salmu sa qarni u UMBIN.MES twenty-five claws of .... -stone (for decoration of a chair?) AfO 18 304 ii 16, also ibid. 19-22 (MA inventory); 4 siu- salmu an ungelded black bull, with perfect up-ra-tim (made of silver, listed among small silver ornaments) ARM 8 89:4; 4 nalpattu si-up-ri sa hurasi four gold spatulas with horns and hooves RAcc. 3:2, also immere ... Sa qarnau UMBIN Suklulu ibid. 65:29 and 32; 2 A.LU.MES ... su-up-ra-su-nu u gudguddtusunu claws sa usi two aslu-sheep (of gold), their hooves EA 14 ii 10 (list of gifts from Egypt); ina muhhi hurdsi sa su-pur agappi sa sarru bell ispuranni as to the gold (needed) for (making) the "claw" of the agappu (mng. obscure) concerning which the king, my lord, and their .... are of ebony AfO 18 302 i 26 (MA inv.), cf. ibid. iv 9, also su-up-ra-[at] GIS. MI ibid. ii 8; 1 siLA DE is-pur immeri 1 SiLA has sent me word ABL 180:5, also (referring to the same topic) ABL 271:7 (both NA). 4. hoof: 4 GiRII.MES-4i su-up-ra-si-na kantappu sa eqba la id (the demon) has four AJSL 36 80 i 10, cf. UMBIN ANSE AMT 19,2:10. 5. clove (of saffron): U.KUR.KUR U.HAR. legs, their hooves are kantappu's without the 18th day) he should eat .... DE nam-tal zikari (in a medical prescription) HAR u su-pur a-zu-pi-ru ina kirban tabti balu patdn ikkalma saltu ana ameli la itehhi (on heels MIO 1 72 iv 1 (description of representations of demons); ssumma U[Du] ir-hu-um-ma -plant, has- plant and a clove of saffron in a "lump of salt" on an empty stomach and no quarrel si-pu-ur imittisu il-te-e-te if the sheep rattles will come near that man KAR 178 v 50 (hemer.), and dupls., see Thompson DAB 160. (when slaughtered) and it .... -s its right hoof YOS 10 47:25, cf., with sui(!)-pu-ur sumelisu ibid. 26 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb); summa immeru UMBIN(var. adds .MES) Holma Korperteile 127. Ad mng. 2: Boyer, Symbolae Koschaker 208 ff.for the distribution and legal function of the nail-marks, also Petschow Pfandrecht note 28. ritkub if the hooves of a (slaughtered) sheep lie one on top of the other CT 28 14 K.9166:4, and dupls., cf. UMBIN.MES-ic kurrd (var. ar raka) ibid. 13f., cf. also ibid. If. and 20 (SB behavior of sacrificial lamb), see Meissner, AfO 9 119; supru A in 9a supri s.; nail-clipper; MA, MB*; cf. supru A. ana 2-su naglebe u sa hassupe sa 10 GIN. summa izbu sepsu sa imitti ilmima ana pani bildte liblu[ni] let them deliver two sets of (barber's) knives and tweezers for ten shekels each and two nail-clippers for three shekels zibbatisu UMBIN-sc ukdl if a newborn animal turns its right foot around but holds its hoof towards its tail CT 27 46:23, pertinent comm. in ROM 991 r. 32 partly destroyed, cf. summa izbu si-pur imittihu mahritu Suttuqat if a newborn lamb's right forehoof is cleft many times ibid. 47:13, and passim in Izbu, (referring to horses) CT 27 48:3, (to oxen) CT 40 30 K.4073+:16ff.; mas.hur.sag.g .kex(KID) umbin am gul.sa,.a : uris sadi §a su-pur rime bunnu a mountain kid with beautiful wild bull's hooves CT 16 37:37f.; 15(?) MA 5 GIN NA 4 .ZA.GIN KI.LA su-up-ri Sumer 9 No. 20:5 (after p. 34) (MB), also [silr i]ni ziqnu appu su- up-ru eyebrows, beard, nose (and) hooves (of representations) ibid. No. 25 ii 24, and see 1 T[A.A]M i 2 sa su-up-r[i] sa 3 GIN.TA.A[M] ... each KAV 205:21 (MA let.), cf. nagleb sa hassupe u Sa su-up-ri ibid. 27, also ibid. 36; [a(?)1 [sil-up-ri KU.BABBAR EA 13 r. 6 (MB), cf. [sa si-up]-ri (in a list of gold and silver objects) ibid. r. 4. supru B s.; (a domestic animal); OA. a) in gen.: I am indebted to you in the amount of one mina of silver 6 su-pd(or -up, text -ha)-ri useriakkum umma andkuma PN u atta izizzama si-up-ri dinama 1 MA.NA kasapka su(text t4)-ta(text -sa)-bi-ma and I sent to you six s.-s telling you, "Try to sell the s.-s, you and PN, and have yourselves 253 oi.uchicago.edu suraru A *supuf reimbursed in the amount of one mina of silver due you" CCT 3 27b:4 and 8, of. etallutam tepusma si-up-ri baldtum ahia taddin you have overstepped your authority by selling the s.-s without (the consent of) my brother ibid. 20; inumi PN su-up-ru-um istu mahiri useridanni 12 MA.NA weriam sm siu-up-ri-im PN2 u PN 3 isqulu when PN brought the s. (nominative for accusative) from the market, PN2 and PN3 paid twelve minas of copper as the price of the s. TCL 21 262A:2 and 5; send me garments for their (fem. pl.) clothing so that I can depart u jdtum ba-li-<tum> isserija imtuqut huldpi kima su-up-ri halluldku and my own balitu fell from my back, I am wrapped in rags like s.-s CCT 4 45b:31. b) value: 5 su-pdr-ka 2 MA.NA 6 GIN.TA 3 MA.NA weriam tasaqqal you should pay for your five s.-s 36 shekels each, i.e., three minas of copper BIN 4 40:5, cf. x si-up-ru [...] 1 MA.NA 7 [GIN] OIP 27 41:3. Since the verb wari CCT 3 27b, sub usage a, indicates that supru designates a living being and since the prices and numbers of s.-s bought exclude the possibility of its being a slave, the term should refer to a domestic animal, a type of sheep or goat. The discrepancies in price suggest an animal of which some of the young were merely slaughtered and eaten, and of which the mature specimens acquired a higher value, for breeding purposes, and possibly because they gave wool or hair of exceptional quality. This possibility is suggested by the passage CCT 4 45b, sub usage a, which seems to refer to the practice of wrapping young sheep and probably also goats in rags in order to keep their wool or hair clean and fine (for this practice see Krauss Talmudische Archaeologie 1 137). If the etymology offered by the rare and late Heb. sd fzr (Syr. safrdjd Brockelmann Lex. Syr. 2 635b) 12 su-pi-i-tu4 PN (referring to eriqqu, wagons, see line 28) BE 14 118:26. supf see subu. supur pani see subur pani. suraritu see surritu. suraru A (suraru,suriru)s. masc. and fem.; 1. lizard, 2. (a fish); SB; stat. const. surdr; wr. syll. and EME.SID, EME.DIR; cf. surlrZtu. eme.SID (var. eme.DIR) = su-ra-ru-t, MIN iz.zi = sd i-ga-ri, MIN zi(var. .zi).da = an-du-hal-latum, MIN KUe = su-ra-ar(var. -dr) zi-e, MIN kun. min.na = sd si-na zib-ba-a-sd, MIN edin.na = qa-ta-at-tum "the small one" Hh. XIV 210ff.; but eme.MA(for .DIR), eme.MA zi.da, eme.MA se, eme.MA se.gis.i, eme.MA zu.lum.ma RS 17.107: 37 ff. (Forerunner to Hh. XIV); [eme .DI]R. HA = su-ri-ru-u, [eme.DIR] zi.da.HA = an-tu-halla-tu Hh. XVIII 20f. 1. lizard- a) morphology1' wr. EME. SID and constructed as masc. sing.: EME. SID sa 2 KUN.MES-8i a lizard which has two tails KAR 182 r. 35 (SB rit.), also AMT 99,3 r. 14, CT 38 39:1; summa amelu ina suqi ina alakisu EME.DIR EME.DIR (var. MIN) la-it-ma imursunu <ti >ma if a man, when walking on the street, sees one lizard swallowing another lizard KAR 382:19, var. from KAR 393:2 (SB Alu); summa EME.SID MUS na-si-ma amelu IGI if a man sees a lizard carrying a snake CT 38 39:33, cf. ibid. 20ff. and (with stative in masc. sing.) KAR 382 r. 37; HUL induhal[lati]u EME.STD anni the evil (portended by) this agama and lizard K.3365:13 (unpub., namburbu), cf. ibid. 18 and 20. 2' wr. EME.SID (or EME.DIR) and constructed as fem. sing.: summa EME.SID mi-it-tum if a dead lizard (is found in a man's house) KAR 382 r. 54 (SB Alu); EME.SID Sa 2 KUN.MES- a CT 38 39:3ff., and dupl. ibid. 40 K.6912+:1 (SB Alu); summa EME.DIR Sapldnu erg U.TU if a can be admitted, the supru would be the lizard gives birth under a millstone Angora goat. In TCL 20 170:2, KTS 3a:10, 51a:21, 52a: 18 and 34 S'4-pd-ri-im is a personal a man, while walking along a street, sees EME.DIR name. (fem. suptu) adj.; ft.TU ibid. 17. 3' wr. EME.SID (or EME.DIR) and constructed as masc. pi.: summa EME.SID ina (Balkan Observations 66f., "precious object.") *supf M1B.* KAR 382 r. 58, and passim in this text (SB Alu), cf. if (mng. unkn.); 254 ursi bit amli sad-ru if there are lizards, as a rule, in a man's bedroom CT 38 39:37; summa oi.uchicago.edu suraru A suraru A if lizards often fall from the roof ubadn t qateSu kuppupa if he has lizard hands, this means his fingers are claw-like (lit. bent) beams in a man's house KAR 382:26, cf. summa EME.DIR kitpuluma ana muhhi ameli Kraus Texte 24 r. 2; summa amelu ina la idu EME.DIR KI.US-ma UGx if a man, without EME.DIR ina bit ameli TA gusuri ma-gal SUB. MES-ni SUB.MES-ma la DU.MES knowing it, steps on a lizard and it dies KAR ibid. 27, also ibid. 28ff., note Summa EME.DIR kitpulfssunu ... 382:15 (SB Alu), cf. (for a restored ref.) Labat TDP 10:43; Summa EME.DIR ina bit ameli ina SUB. ME -ni if lizards fall intertwined ibid. 7; summa EME.DIR ... ma-gal HI.A if lizards become very numerous ibid. r. 53. kal umi KA-4 SUB.SUB-di if a lizard makes sounds in a man's house during the entire day wr. EME.SID and constructed as fem. pl.: summa EME.SID DIB.DIB-ta (explained in comm. as tisbutama) ana muhhi ameli [SUB. KAR 382 r. 51; in medicinal use: SAG.DU EME.DIR head of a lizard AMT 74 ii 20, cf. RA 15 77:14, also SAG.DU EME.SID AMT 8,2:2; 4' MES] if lizards holding each other fall upon a man CT 38 39:36 (SB Alu). 5' wr. suraru: see lex. section; su-ra-ru-u sa ri-mi-[ki] (in broken context, in parallelism with passages which mention pizalluru, murassu, hamassiru, tumand) BA 5 694 ii 10 (SB lit.). EME.SID BABBAR sa characteristics: b) 2 KUN.MES a white lizard with two tails CT 38 39:11, cf. EME.SID SA 5 red lizard ibid. EME.DIR.GUN.A medicinal use) Since no writing EME.SID.MES is attested, and AMT 24,3:9, cf. EME.SID E.SIG 4 wall lizard (in medicinal use) AMT 24,3:7 and 11,2:2, also, wr. EME.SID IZ.ZI AMT 66,7:13; (var. EME.SID) S6 IZ.ZI The word for "lizard" poses a number of problems. The two forms surrdu (also surirl) and suriritu (suririttu) have been separated, although both refer to the same animal and correspond to the same Sumerogram. All refs. we take suradr as a collective (compare the collective erbu to erbu, "locust") which can be constructed as sing. as well as pl. (see usages a-1' to 4'), and which can be either masc. or fem. in gender, without reference to the sex of the particular animal. The same is also true of suriritu, q.v. Only exceptionally EME.DIR.EDIN EME.DIR (a fish): see Hh. XVIII, in lex. section. suraru. KUB 4 48 ii 5; AMT 62,1:2f., 61,5:7f., 2. wr. EME.SID or EME.DIR, however, are sub EME.SID sa seri turrar you char a field lizard AJSL 36 83 r. iv 114 (med.); EME.SID EDIN.NA (in 27; AMT 9,1:30, KU EME.SID lizard's excrement also AMT 8,1:29, but KU EME.DIR KAR 194 r. iv 6. KAR 196 r. i 16, var. from AMT 67,1 iv 9. c) other occs.: the spider laid an ambush for the fly [EM]E.DIR e[l]i bunzirri [i]ttasis ana ettiti the lizard lay in wait(?) for the spider in the ambush Lambert BWL 220:24; abnu sikinsu kima KUN EME.SID the stone which looks like a lizard's tail STT 108:66 is suraruqualified as male, as in EME.DIR NITA AMT 82,2 r. 5. The spellings EME.SID and EME.DIR are differentiated solely in the Practical Vocabulary Assur (401f.), where the former corresponds to suriritu, the latter to issu (essu'u). In the Old Babylonian forerunners of Hh. we find (abnu sikinsu), restored from VAT 13940+ (cour- tesy Kocher); HUL EME.SID DU.A.BI all kinds of evil (portended by) a lizard STT 63:12', and see NU EME.SID S IM likeness of a lizard, made of clay ibid. 15', etc.; Summa tirdnu kima EME.SID if the intestines (look) like lizard(s) BRM 4 13:60 (SB ext.); Summa ubanu kima qaqqad EME.SID if the "finger" is eme.gSD, with the exception of the RS version RS 17.107:37-41. This seems to be in like the head of a lizard (same apod. as the medical texts, all use EME.DIR instead of the EME.SID of the corresponding Babylonian refs. cited sub surrztu) Boissier Choix 47:21 (SB ext.); summa AUTI EME.SID sakcin ... sa harmony with the Bogh. passage eme.DIR. gin.a KUB 4 48 ii 5, and with the fact that the Assyrian recension of Hh. XIV, and the Assyrian fable in KAR 174, as well as the Assur tablet of Alu KAR 382, and the Assur texts. This usage, already noted in Lands- 255 oi.uchicago.edu suraru B surpu Identification based on Syr. surba, "Seseli"; see Low Flora 3 471. berger Fauna 114, seems to indicate that iss is the Assyrian correspondence to suraru. Possibly SID and DIR are graphic variants, going back to a sign describing a specific and characteristic feature of the lizard's tongue, or eme .SID should be taken as a verb, as has been proposed by E. I. Gordon, JCS 12 58 (which proposal, however, does not take (Meissner, ZA 6 296; Zimmern Fremdw. 58.) ture. surhu s.; attack of fever; MA, NA; cf. sardhu A. lu sa-ri-ih aninnuma basi mini nippas la s~ft su-ur-hi-e-ma-a zfitu ina libbi likrura let him be feverish-what can we (under these circumstances) do in a hurry? it (can) not (be like) that! is there a fever (so high) that he should sweat through (the applied medi- suraru B s.; libation offering; NA*; pl. surdrani; cf. sardru A. [ina S]A gidimdti ... su-ra-a-riusarra[runi] (that) they sprinkle libation offerings from cation)? ABL 19:11, cf. TA pan sur-hi (in broken context) ABL 25:12, and see sarahu A mng. 2a; sur-hu (in broken context) KAR 222 ii 18, see Ebeling Parfumrez. p. 36, and see sarahu A mng. la. account of the variant DIR for SID). For the identification with the lizard, see Landsberger Fauna 114f., with previous litera- gidimmu-tools von Soden, ZA 52 226:9 (cultic comm.), with dupl. Langdon Creation 213:6, also von Soden, ZA 51 154:25, cf. su-ra-ri(in broken context) BBR No. 66:6, and [su]-ra-ra-ni ibid. 68:8; sa MN la GESTIN su-ra-rila haridte suririttu see suriritu. ina pan Asur umalliu during the month of Tasritu they neither filled (the containers with) libation wine nor the hard-vessels (with Practical Vocabulary Assur 401 f. .s(glosssu)-ri-ri-it // EME.SID SAL CT 41 27 r. 23 (Alu Comm.). beer) before the (image of) AIsur ABL 42 r. 8; su-ra-ri tu-sar-ra-dr Ebeling Parfumrez. pl. 22:16 (rit.) von Soden, ZA 52 230. suraru C s.; (mng. unkn.); LB.* x silver Sa UD.12.KAM Sa ITI Du'uzu MU 152.KAM Sa Si MU 217.KAM ina GADA (or GIS) (suraritu, suririttu) s.; OAkk., OB, SB; cf. surdru A. suriritu lizard; [EM]E.§ID = su-ri-ri-tu, [EME].DIR = es-[s]u-['U] summa martum [kim]a is-[ril-ri-tim ibbassi if the gall bladder is (shaped) like a lizard YOS 10 31 i 6 (OB ext.), cf. summa martum appasakima si-ri-ri-tim if the tip of the gall bladder is like a lizard ibid. x 6, Summa martum [suzi-ri-ri-tum ibassi ibid. xiii 43 (same apod. in all instances); Summa su-ri-ri-it-tum sa 2 [KUN1.MES-x(neither s nor sd possible) [...] CT 38 40 K.6912 +:7 and 9, and cf. [K]UN- su-ra-ru ina GI allat sa[kin] of the twelfth of Tammuz of the year 152 (Arsacid Era) which corresponds to the year 217 (Seleucid Era) are deposited in the s. (and) in the sd ibid. Sm. 170+:6; Su-Si-ra-ri-tim (personal name) MDP 14 No. 33 r. i 8 (OAkk.). hallatu-basket ZA 3 144 No. 4:8, and (in similar context) ibid. 2, 5, 11 and 13, note (without date) ina TUG(?) su-ra-ru ina GI hallat sakin ZA 3 145 No. 5:14, and p. 146 No. 6:10. lizard." All refs. wr. EME.SID or EME.DIR are The word refers to the lizard in general and not to the sex of the animal. Only the Alu Comm. passage is to be interpreted as "female Possibly referring to a bag or purse in which silver was kept. listed sub surru A. The word occurs in OB ext. and as a literal quotation from an OB version in the SB surirf see suraruA. suriru see suraru A. surbu s.; (a plant, probably Seseli); NB.* surpu s.; 1. refining, 2. anguish, in surup libbi heartache; OB Qatna, MB Alalakh, RS, SB; see sarapuA. su-ur-bi SAR royal garden). CT 14 50: 65 (list of plants in a texts CT 38 40 K.6912 and ibid. Sm. 170. 256 oi.uchicago.edu surru A *surranfd [i .s]ig.ga = sur-pu lib-bi, ni-ib-ri-ti Lanu D 10f.; [sa.sig.ga] = [s]u-ru-up lib-bi Igituh 156; sa.sig = s -ru-up SA BM 13128 iii 9. am.i.lu gig.ga sa.sig.ga : ina qu-ub-bi-e marsu-ti si-ru-up lib-bi (he sits) with bitter cries of woe (and in) distress of heart 4R 26 No. 8:3f., see OECT6p.35; sa.ze.eb.ba gui.ir.ra sub.ba.a. zu suh.a.mu dug 4 .ga.a[b] : ina si-ru-up lib-bi rigme sarpis addiki ahulapia qi[bi] I cried to you ardently (and) with heartache, say the ahulap for me ASKT p. 122:12f., dupl. OECT 6 pl. 19:17f. man) drinks it in fine beer (with gloss NA4. GUG NA4 ka-pa-sa) KAR 194:40, 109:10, see surru A mng. 1c-2'. surrati (falsehood) see surrdti. surritu see serretu B. surru A s.; 1. obsidian, flint, 2. flint blade; MA, MB, EA, Nuzi, SB, NB; wr. syll. and NA4 .KA; cf. *surrdni4, surtu. see also sirpu B mng. 2; 1 li-im KU.BABBAR sur-pi Wiseman Alalakh 70:10, cf. KiU.BABBAR SUr-pu ibid. 67:5, 68:9, 81:1 (MB), also MRS 6 169 RS 16.145:14. 2. a) anguish, in surup libbi heartache anguish: ina si-ru-up zisagalli with anguished supplication Hinke Kudurru ii 12. b) in surup libbi heartache: see lex. section; if water is spilled in front of somebody's door and (the puddle looks) like (a man) holding his heart su-ru-up lib-bi IGI-mar he (the owner of the house) will experience heartache CT 38 21:16 (SB Alu); lu arru lu marat sarri lu qerub sarri lu SAL nardmti sarri sa si-ru-up lib-bi BE-tU4 (disregard it that on this day) either the king, or the king's daughter, or a relative of the king, or the king's favorite, died of heartache AfO 11 pl. 3:25 and p. 361. Note in a concrete sense: suma la ikkal su(var. su)-ru-up lib-bi TUK-si he must not eat garlic (or) he will have heartburn KAR 177 r. iii 13 (hemer.), also line 41, (with GAL-SU) KAR 147:7; [SUM].SIKIL.SAR NU.KU su-ru-up lib-bi TUK-si he must not eat onions (or) he will have heartburn KAR 177 r. i 3 (hemer.). Ad mng. 2: (Weidner, AfO 11 362 n. Zimmern Fremdw. 49. 24); *surran (fern. surranitu) adj.; obsidianlike (i.e., translucent); SB*; wr. KA; cf. surru A. na 4 .gug.zd = sur-ra-ni-t[um] (after sdndu and pilitu light red stone) Hh. XVI 123, cf. na 4 .gug, na 4 .gug.sa 5 , na 4 .gug.zi Wiseman Alalakh 447 ii 16ff. (Forerunner). NA 4 .GUG.KA tasdk ina KAS.SAG isatti you crush translucent red stone, and he (the sick 17 STT For discussion, see surru A. 1. refining: 1 GAL KU.BABBAR sur-pu one GAL-cup of refined silver RA 43 210:40, also ibid. 41 and 47 (OB Qatna), for gis.ba.z = MIN (= su-pi-in-nu) sur-ri--supinnu-tool provided with an obsidian edge Hh. IV 38; bu-ur BUR = na-sa-hu d sur-rum, a-la-qu s MIN to flake off, said of an obsidian (or flint) A VIII/2:173f., also in the comm. RA 6 131 r. 4 (previously in ZA 10 198). e na 4 .gir.zu.gal u16..min.na.bi : e sur-ru sd an-nigs u[-l]i-es O obsidian blade, who have been on both sides Lugale XII 37 (continues ana nmutaptfitika qarne lissalitkama analule nandi your horns should be split off and you yourself be thrown to the slag(?) on account of your association ibid. 38, and kima basdmi nasritma be torn to shreds like a sack ibid. 40, and gurgurru ... ina imti lisallitka ibid. 41, see imtu). 1. obsidian, flint - a) in gen.: 1 ANSE. KUR.RA ... PN it-ti NA 4 zu-ur-ri-e ilqi one horse (description follows), PN got it for a s.-stone HSS 15 104:16 (Nuzi list of horses); a-li KA.DINGIR.RA 1 i sa-du-u sa sur-ri my town, Babylon, mountain of obsidian (or of s.colored glazed bricks) RT 19 59:1, coll. after photograph of HS 1893. b) referring to a precious stone - 1' without specification: 5 NA4 uqni 15 NA4. KA [151 pappardilluTUR.MES five lapis lazuli beads, 15 of obsidian, 15 small (beads of) pappardillu-stone PBS 2/2 105:26 (list of precious stones), cf. also NA 4 .KA NA 4.ZA.GIN (as part of a necklace) PBS 2/2 120:36 (both MB); kapf pusunu sa hurdsi uqni gisnugalli NA4 .KA U NA 4 .GUG kuri their wings are of gold (with) lapis lazuli, alabaster, obsidian, and artificial carnelian AfO 18 302 i 23, and similar ibid. 306 iii 7, cf. also ibid. p. 302 i 1 (MA inv.); 1 manin nu sar-mu 34 NA 4 .KA one .... necklace with 34 (beads of) obsidian (33 golden beads, a centerpiece of genuine lapis lazuli set in gold) EA 25 i 54 (list of gifts of Tusratta); in those days I brought from the mountains of Na'iri 257 oi.uchicago.edu surru A surru A NA 4 .KA NA 4 hal-ta u NA4 .KA.GI.NA (and placed beads to ward off many diseases) AMT 102:22, them in the hamru-house of my lord Adad and passim in AMT, cf. BE 31 No. 60 r. ii 16, and forever) AKA 101 viii 11 (Tigl. I); NA 4 .KA uqnd pappardillu NA4.UGU.AS.Gi.Gi dig(i)li pap: AMT 20,1 r. pardilli musgarru (list of stones dedicated by Sargon to Marduk) Winckler Sar. pl. 35 No. hurasi Sa tamlit NA 4 .KA [uqni] samti pappardilli pappardildilli [...] 74:142; AL.GU.MES a .... (object) of gold with inlays of obsidian, [lapis lazuli], carnelian .... ADD 645:5, cf. tamlit KA ABL 1452:2 (= ADD 620); passim, cf. also (placed on the forehead) 31, CT 23 42:18, etc., (carried in a leather bag) AMT 88,4 r. 8; note the exceptional wr. NA 4 .KA MI-i(?) KAR 184 r.(!) 13; NA 4.KA.MI ina Saman Sad tasak you crush black obsidian into mountain oil (as medication) AMT 16,3 i 12+12,3:6. For ritual purposes: huldlu NA 4 .KA.MI tasakkak ina [mu]hs as to what the king, our lord, has written us hisu tagakkan you string huldlu and black obsidian (beads) and place (them) on it (the md NA 4 .KA etatra obsidian has become expensive ABL 404:17 (NA); [... NA4 ].KA uqnd magic figurine) KAR 26 r. 10; NA 4 .KA.MI NA 4 . AN.ZAH uqn pappardillu sandu (etc.) ... u hurdsu (as gifts given to a prostitute) Gilg. isakkakma ina kisddisu isakkan VII iv 6; rdmka lu NA4.KA sZihtuka lu hurasu your love is truly obsidian, your love-making is gold (incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. ii 43; unique in magic use: NA4 musa NA 4.KA (in broken context) MAOG 1/1 p. 28. KAR 70:15, and see Ebeling, BBR No. 21:28, and dupl. No. 74:25 (namburbd), see ibid. p. 188. 2' green and white: abnu sikinsu kzma NA4. KA.SIG 7 u sad[ri (la)iSG] NA4 .BI NA 4.KA (or UGU!) AS.GIa4 .G 4 [sumsu] the stone which looks like green obsidian but [has (no)] lines, this 2' described as genuine: NA4 .KA KUR EA 25 ii 13 and 14 (list of gifts of Tusratta), also EA 13:5 and 18 (gifts from Babylon); NA 4 .KA KUR-e AfO 18 304 ii 24, also NA 4 .KA KUR ibid. line 18 (MA inv.), Sumer 9 p. 34ff. No. 25 ii 25 (MB). stone is called .... aqiqui KAR 185 r. ii 9, cf. abnu sikinsu kima NA 4 .KA.MI NA4 a-[... sumu] 3' described as artificial: 27 ziqqu sa NA4.KA ku-ri 27 crest-shaped(?) ornaments of obsidian made in the crucible AfO 18 302 i 11; 4 usatu TUR.MES sa NA 4.KA kiri four ducks(?) of obsidian made in a crucible ibid. ii god KAR 185 r. ii 7 (abnusikinsu), abnu sikinsu terinnatusunu Sa NA4 .KA ku-ri u hurasi aban kisir libbi iii patari the stone which looks like black obsidian [is called ... ] stone, it is a stone to dispel the wrath of the (personal) kima NA 4 .KA BABBAR NA4 .KA MI NA 4 .KA SIG 7 NA 4 ar-za-lum [MU.NI] STT 108:25 (abnu si kinsu), of. NA 4 .KA MI, SIG 7 and BABBAR (in all these instances the description is destroyed) their earrings are of artificial obsidian and gold ibid. 55, 56ff. and 94; sdmtu KA tak-pat NA 4. GUG.KA MU.[NI] the carnelian dotted with s. ibid. i 24 (MA inv.). is called surradntu (i.e., obsidian-like car- 4' with special characteristics: NA 4.KA Mar-ha-i (to decorate a tiara) 5R 33 iii 9 (Agum-kakrime), NA 4 .KA Mar-ha-i SIG7 (as a votive offering) ibid. ii 36; 171 ansabti hurasi ur-mu NA4 .KA ta-ra-am-ma-nu seven gold nelian, see *surrand) STT 109:10. For magic purposes: NA 4 .KA SIG 7 NA 4 .KA MI (as beads) 30; AMT 29,2:8, also ibid. 47,3 iv 32, KAR 213 i 28; NA 4 .KA BABBAR AMT 52,6:8; note also KA.MI KA.BABBAR (in a leather bag) KAR 186 r. 15. of tarammanu-obsidian rings (with a) .... d) referring to a glaze of a specific color: PBS 2/2 120:53, and see, for NA 4 .KA AS.GI 4 .Gl 4, namirisa usaqqgma ina agurri NA4 .MES NA 4 mng. lc-2'; see also *surrcnd.l sur-ri uqni ... kima tamlite urekkis tamszl c) with color indications - 1' black: berti ndhirsunusa NA 4.KA.MI the sections between their (the aslu-sheep's representations') nostrils are of black obsidian AfO 18 302 i 22, cf. also ibid. 36 (MA inv.). For magic purposes: NA4 . KA.MI (in apotropaic necklaces made of stone gisimmari sa sur-ri ina namirisa u[se]ziz I made (the palace's walls and) towers high, I made a border, like a frame, of baked bricks glazed (the color of) obsidian, lapis lazuli (pappardilluand alabaster), on its towers I depicted (lit. set up) likenesses of date palms 258 oi.uchicago.edu surru B surru A of obsidian (colored glaze) AfO 19 141:13f. (Tigl. I); ina agurriNA 4 .KA uqni ussimma sellu nibih u gimir pasqin I decorated their (the barakku-rooms') corbels, cornices and all their ....- s with glazed bricks of s.-color and blue OIP 2 107 vi 42, and parallels (Senn.), cf. sihirti ekalli sdtu nibihu pasqu a NA4.KA uqni usepisma usalmd kilil.s I had the frieze of that palace, the cornices, and the pasqu's made of s. and blue (enameled bricks) and put (them) around like a garland Borger Esarh. 62 vi 24, and dupls., ina agurri NA 4 .KA uqn ibid. 95 r. 22; [ina] agurri NA 4.KA uqni [bit] akit suatu ... usaklil Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 v 46 (Asb.). 2. flint blade: ina NA 4 .KA nakkaptasu tessima damesu tatabbak you make an incision in his temple with an obsidian blade and draw blood from him KAR 184 r.(!) 38 (med.); lam iksudukindsi sur-ru u naglabu before the flint blade and the barber's knife catch you AMT 12,1:47 (conjuration addressed to diseased eyes, see Landsberger, JNES 17 58), cf. na 4 .gir. zui.gal : sur-ru Lugale XII 37, in lex. section; libb s'ataqbd um[ma] nillikma itti ahhininidbub TUG kabritini nusarrit sur-ru nisbat instead of saying, as you have, "Let us go and talk with our brothers (the Assyrians)," let us (rather) tear our heavy garments (and) take the flint knife (to slash ourselves as a sign of mourning) ABL 571:16 (NB let. of Asb.); uncertain: sugam.ma su.mu nu.kud.da: sur-ri qiddati ina zumrija la ipparsuma the Geller, OLZ 1918 218; Falkenstein, AfO 14 121; (Thompson DAC index s.v.). surru B s.; insides (of the human body), heart, center (of an object); NA, SB. sa = lib-bu, ABXSA = sur-rum (in group with kabattu and liplippu) Antagal VIII 58; (li-bi-is) [AB].SA = li-ib-bu, su-ur-r[u] Proto-Diri 458f.; lip i.galga.mu : sur(sic)-ri [...] (between libbz and kabatti) Lambert BWL 227 ii 14. lipis.me.am a nam.ur.sag.ga :sur-ri tahazi idi qarrdiiti (I, Istar, am) the "heart" of battle, "arm" of heroism SBHp. 105:27f.; lipis sur.bi mu.un.[tag] : [uz]-za sur-ra-s [ilput] he "touched" his heart with rage (restored after unilingual Sum. version) Lugale III 22, see ZA 54 80:5f. sur-ru = lib-bu Malku V 6. a) insides (of the human body): [da]-mu .... flint blade(?) did not leave my body 4R 20:7f. sa sur-ri blood from the heart ZA 52 226:17 (NA cult. comm.); karanu dussupu sur-ra-si- in(var. -si-un) amkir I drenched their insides Etymology (earliest ref. Hommel Sumerische Lesestiicke p. 123 note) and the use of the stone, as well as its characterization in Lugale (see lex. section) indicate clearly that surru refers to both flint and obsidian, i.e., to a stone which can be sharpened by flaking. On the other hand, the cited passages show that surru was both a precious stone and a stone of a characteristic color, as follows from the refs. to bricks enameled in lapis lazuli and surru-color, as well as from the refs. to artificial surru in MA. The color indications black, green, and white seem to fit obsidian. 17* Since flint and obsidian (chemically and geologically quite different) are denoted by the same word (see also surtu), it is possible that the translucence of the obsidian determined its value and that even rock crystal (on account of its translucence) was called surru. Hence the samtu KA takpat (mng. lc-2') may refer to a carnelian (or any other reddish stone) with scattered transparent spots and, correspondingly, the descriptive name *sur. ran (q.v.), would then indicate that the reddish stone it denotes was a translucent red stone (rose quartz?). The color of the surru-glazeused on the bricks may have been likewise a shade of red, since red is the only color not attested in the refs. to enameled bricks (see agurru). with sweetened wine OIP 2 116 viii 76, and ibid. 125:52 (Senn.), cf. kardnu u kurunnu amkira sur-ra-s-un Borger Esarh. 63 vi 52. b) heart (as the seat of emotions and intelligence): iz-ziz-ma sur-ru-su ihmuta kabattus his heart became angry, his liver hot TCL 3 413 (Sar.); sur-ru-us ilisma immeru zimisu his heart rejoiced, his countenance became radiant YOS 9 80:14 (Ninurta-tukul- Assur?); litmumma (for litmun-ma) sur-ra-ka ila tadds (with) your callous heart you accuse the god wrongly 259 Lambert BWL 86:255 (Theo- oi.uchicago.edu surruhu surru Compare the corresponding phrase KA. mimmd ina sur-ri-ku-un ibsi linnipus whatever (plan) is in your (the gods') heart dicy); DINGIR.RAki sum-su si-ra-am ib-bi-i shall be executed Borger Esarh. 82 r. 17, cf. [i]bsi ina sur-ri-[ka ... ] Lambert BWL 78:146 (Theodicy); biltu susse sur-ru-us ustabilma he conceived the idea of raising a crop Lyon Sar. 6:35; ina libbisu isdudma kicam ina surri-si iqbi ma he deliberated and said to himself as follows ZA 43 19:74 (NA lit.), and CH i 17. surrfi adj.; split(?); NB.* SID.ga, [x].ta = su-ru-z Nabnitu XXII 209f. 140 mangaga su-ru-u 140 manggag la suru-4 140 split(?) palm spathes(?), 140 unsplit(?) spathes(?) Nbn. 385:7f., cf. (in same context) ibid. 2f., Nbn. 271:2f. and 7f. cf. sc itti sur-ri-si ul i-ta-a-ma but he did not deliberate ibid. 13:6; urruk napsdti ritpus The NB references are possibly to be connected with Aram. sera. sur-ri long life (creates) happiness (lit. widening of the heart) Lambert BWL 252:20; unahhas sur-ri sirhis my heart laments as (does) a dirge PSBA 17 137 K.8204:5'; who surruhu adj.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* knows everything sur-ru sadlu karas itilti a far-reaching (lit. wide) mind, rich in wise E (var. bi-tum) sur-ru-hu = MIN (= bi-i-tu) sa-qu-u (ending the list of words explained by bitu) Malku I 265, var. from Explicit Malku II 112. counsel VAS 1 37 ii 49 (NB kudurru), cf. sur-ru Probably mistake or unusual writing for surruhu, as suggested by the passage ana sur- Jumdulu karasniklati a far-reaching mind ru-uh (for surruh) simdti 2R 67:77 (Tigl. III). rich in cunning 1R 29:22 (Samsi-Adad V), also nak-la sur-ra-ka your cunning mind Lambert BWL 82:212; sadlu sur-ru karas rit[pasu] (parallel libbu riqu) Streck Asb. 278 line e after line 8; §a paladh ii u istari litmudu si-ru-us-Ju who is well aware in his heart of the fear of gods and goddesses VAB 4 60 i 18 (Nabopolassar). qaqqad kalb nadrute sur-ru-si-in asunimma the heads of c) center (of an object): ferocious dogs protrude from their (the shields') centers TCL 3 371 (Sar.); atappi la mina sur-ru-u-sd ussa[mma] he had countless irrigation ditches flow out of it (the canal) ibid. 204, and cf. silitte sur-ri-sd (obscure) ibid. 222+KAH 2 141, see Laessee, JCS 5 21 and 28. Meissner, OLZ 1916 311; Thureau-Dangin, TCL 3 33 n. 7. surrupu (sarrupu) adj.; refined (said of silver only); OA, SB; cf. sardpu A. ku.babbar sig5 .ginx(GIM) : kima sarpi sur-rupi CT 17 23 iii 182f., see usage b. a) in OA: ana KU.BABBAR sa-ru-pi-im e iddinunimma libbS <libbi> e imras they must not sell it for refined silver, so that I shall not get angry BIN 4 37:32 (let.); tuppi sa 10 MA.NA KI.BABBAR sa-ru-pi-im my tablet concerning ten minas of refined silver TCL 14 17:13 (let.); x MA.NA KU.BABBAR sa-ru-pu- um illibbi PN PN owes x minas of refined silver BIN 6 40:4; x KU.BABBAR isser PN PN 2 isu TCL 4 73:2, and passim in OA. Note 6 GIN KU.BABBAR hillat 2 MA.NA sa-ru- 8a-ru-pd-am pe-im six and one-half shekels of silver loss from two minas of refined silver CCT 5 34b:11, cf. ibid. 2. surru v.; to make famous; OB*; of. siru adj. Ka.dingir.raki mu.bi hu.mu.ni.mah b) in SB:ku.babbar sigs.ginx mu.sir. bi hu.um. ta.had : kima sarpi sur-ru-pi russisu littanbit may his (the sick person's) impurity be made shining like refined silver CT 17 23 iii 182f. he made the name of Babylon famous LIH 98 iv 77 (Samsuiluna), and dupl. ibid. 99 iv 77, corr. to KA.DINGIR.RAki sum-su lu 4-si-ir VAS 1 33 iii 20, dupl. LIH 97 iii 75 (Samsuiluna); musi-ir E.BABBAR who made Ebabbar famous CH ii 29. surruu v.; to grow shoots; branches; OB, SB; cf. sarrisu,sarsu, sirsu. a) said of trees: naphar issz islhuma 4-sar-ri-s4 papallu all kinds of trees became tall (in the park) and grew many branches 260 oi.uchicago.edu sursuppu susimtu OIP 2 115 viii 55 (Senn.), also ibid. 125:46, Borger Esarh. p. 14 Ep. 7 c 8. b) referring to human progeny: kimt pir'i lusamdil lu-sarlurappis saldti lupahhirir ri-si papallu may I enlarge my family, keep my clan together, extend my progeny so that they branch out widely Borger Esarh. 26 viii 25. c) other occs.: summa samnum ina patdrisukma kakkabim si-ur-ru-us if the oil when it breaks up (in the water) has many branches like a star CT 5 5:42 (OB oil omens), surtu (design, plan) see usurtu. su'ru (suru) s.; back; EA*; WSem. lw.; cf. seru A. a) with enclitic -ma: ushehhin ina bante // ba-at-nu-ma u se-ru-ma // zu-uh-ru-ma I have fallen on my belly and on my back EA 232:11 (let. from Akko); ana 1 segp sarri belija ma-aq-ti-ti ... u kabattuma u si-uh-ru-ma I have fallen at the feet of the king, my lord, both (on my) belly and (on my) back EA 64:7, cf. EA 65:5 (both letters of Abdi-Asirte), cf. summa i kima kakkabim si-ur-ru-sa-at 282:7, 284:5 (both letters of Suwardatta), cf. also CT 3 2:9; Summa ina bdb ekallim sihhu sic-ru-us if a sihhu-mark shows branches in the "gate ana 2 sepe sarri [b]elija ... [l]u istahahhin uzu kabattuma u uzu s[4]-u[h]-r[u-ma] EA of the palace" YOS 10 22:23 (OB ext.). 306:11 (let. of Subandu); ana sepe belija 7 u 7 sursuppu (sursumbu) s.; (a container pro- amqut u ka[ba]ttu u s[4i]-ru-[m]a I have fallen vided with teat-shaped protuberances); lex.* at the feet of my lord seven times and (again) seven times, both (on my) belly and (on my) [ur-ru-up-pu], [dug.ur-'u]-ub [dug .ur-ru-ubKAL]= KAL = ur-[su-up-pu],[dug .ur-u]-ubKAL = sur-su-[upback EA 281:7 (let. of Suwardatta). pu], dug.si-li-maKAL = hu-ub-sd-j[u-u], dug.ubur. b) other occs.: ana muhhi gabidija muhhi imin.bi = sur-su-up-[pu] jar with seven teats, / siu-r[i]-ia ubbal amdtu sarri I carry the dug.ubur.mas.tab.ba = tu-'-am-t[um] twin jar with teats Hh. X 63-68; [ur-ru-ub] DUG.KAL = 9U, words of the king upon my belly (and) upon [ur-su-ub] DUG.KAL = 9U, [sur-su-ub] DUG.KAL = SU, my back EA 147:39 (let. from Tyre). [si-li-ma] DUG.KAL = hu-u[b-s]a-su-u Diri V 246ff., cf. DUG.KA. = ur-ru-um-bu, su-ur-su-um-bu, hu-ubsa-sum Proto-Diri 422ff.; [si-li-ma] [KA]L = hu-ubsd-su-u, [ur-ru-ub] [KA]L = ur-ru-up-pu, [sur-su-ub] [KA]L = sur-su-up-pu Ea IV 318ff.; ur-ru-ub DUG = ur-ru-up-pu, ur-su-ub DUG = [ur-su-up-pu], sursu-ub DUG = sur-su-up-pu Ea V 31ff.; ur-ru-ub DUG = ur-ru-up-pu, ur-su-ub DUG = ur-su(var. -su)up-pu, sur-su-ub DUG = sur-su-up-pu A V/1: 124ff. For Ur III refs. to dug.ubur.imin, and the jar which the name designates ("Zitzengefass"), see suiru see siru D and su'ru. suruppu s.; (a disease); lex.*; cf. sarapu A. s .e.sir (var. adds pronunciation gs-e-si-ir) = su(!)-[ru-u]p-pu (var. sa-ra-ah lib-bi) Igituh short version 174. Listed among names of diseases. Landsberger, MSL 2 p. 100f. surgu see zursu. surtu s.; flint blade; SB; cf. surrdnu, surru A. kurgarru ... For the -ma, see H. D. Hummel, "Enclitic Mem in Early Northwest Semitic, especially Hebrew" JBL 76 p. 90f. nas patri ns naglabi quppe u sur-ti the kurgarri-men who wear daggers, who wear barber's knives, vintner's knives, surwa s.; balm (probably storax); WSem. or foreign word. EA*; DUG riq-qi // zu-ur-wa EA 48:8. Cf. Heb. sort, and for the interpretation as storax, see Low Flora 3 390, and for the Syr. correspondence surwd, see ibid. 394f. The caused mourning in Urartu ana RN sarrisunu word may be Hurrian, as the letter EA 48 sur-ti naglabi qube [... ] [I made] their king, from a sender with a Hurrian name suggests, Ursa, [use] flint knives, barber's knives, and hence possibly surwa, but the WSem. vintner's knives (to wound himself to express etymology seems plausible. and flint blades his desperation) 74:136. Gossmann Era IV 57; I Lie Sar. 162, see TCL 3 p. For discussion, see surru A. Ebeling, Or. NS 17 141 (= Ebeling Parfiimrez. p. 13). susimtu (a plant) see asusimtu. 261 oi.uchicago.edu suttu susu susu (sisl) s.; canebrake, reed thicket, swamp; SB, Akkadogram in Bogh. (see flood came early) su-su-4 it-lu-lu si-pa ilta: knu the canebrakes were tangled (and) became Otten, ZA 54 151). muddy(?) (obscure) Lambert BWL 178:28, cf. su-su-4 [... imta]laqarbdtu ibid. 177:13; dNiir-<e>-tag-mil EN su-se-e KAR 76 r. 11, see Ebeling, ArOr 21 405. si-ug SUG = ap-par-um, si-sic-u4 (var. su-su-zium), se-e-rum MSL 2 128 ii 19ff.; su-ug sUG = szisi-u (vars. su-su-u, si-su-4) (preceded by apparu) b Ea I 61, also S I 130. sug.ginx(GIM) u 4 .MI.ga mu.un.ses.ses :ki ma su-se-e musamn u urriadammum I moan day and night like a reed thicket 4R 19 No. 3:49f.; sug.ga um.mi.la sug.ga se.am.sa 4 :anasu-se-e usdrma su-si-u idammum when (your word) descends to the reed thicket, the reed thicket moans 4R 26 .edin.na No. 4:47f., dupl. SBH p. 107:76f.; sug.ta ug 5 .ga: Ja ina seri u su-se-e imutu (the ghost of one) who died in the open country or in the marshes ASKT p. 88-89 ii 28. na-zu-zu, su(var. si)-su-u = ap-pa-ru Malku II 72f.; su-su-u ap(text nap)-pa-[ru] CT 13 32:3 (comm. to En. el. I 6). qgste magal ismuha apu su-se-e ustelipu forests were growing luxuriantly, reed thickets and marshes grew vigorously Streck Asb. 212 r. 3; ana supsuhi alakti me sunuti agammu usabslma su-su- qiribsa astil I created a pond in order to check (lit. ease) the flow of this water and planted a canebrake in it OIP 2 115 viii 47 (Senn.), also ibid. 124:44; gipara la kissuru su-sa-a(var. -') la se'd (before) dry land had agglomerated (from dead reeds), (or) canebrakes could be found En. el. I 6, for comm., see lex. section; kima etli tapik dam sa ina su-se-e idissisu ittanallaku like a man who has shed blood and roams alone in the marshes ZA 43 18:69; Susu is used as a poetic term for apparu. susinu s.; (a tree); NA.* GI§ su-su-nu (between urzinu and tijalu) Practical Vocabulary Assur 680; tr kal-mar-hu : i susu-[nu] CT 14 30 79-7-8, 19:12, of. ti-ia-lum, i-liia-an-nu-um, 4r-zi-in-ni, [g]al(!)-ma-ah-ru Forerun- ner to Hh. III, cited MSL 5 112 n. sirdu GIs su-su-nu allanu tarpu'u (the seeds of all kinds of trees that I saw in my travels) olive, s., oak, terebinth (and other trees, thrived in the parks) Iraq 14 33:43 (Asn.); 5 GIs su-su-nu (among 480 trees in an orchard, comprising 231 hahhu-trees, 135 apple trees and fifty fig trees) ADD 1052:6. The rare occurrence of both susinu and its synonym kalmarhu (see lex. section, also AMT 5,5:7, and CAD 5 sub galmar) suggests that the terms indicate an exotic tree, possibly the tamarind, the Akkadian designation of which may have survived in the Syr. tree names sss, sesal, sesd, see L6w Flora 2 410. For the tamarind cultivated in Baghdad, see Guest Notes on Trees p. 17. Note, however, that the refs. to growing susunutrees all come from the north-from Assyria. kima su-se-e **sutammu (Bezold Glossar 240b) read SAL astammu, see astammu. dimmatu tumtallanni you have filled me with sighs like a canebrake LKA 26 r. 19, dupl. KAR 39 r. 2; tilmun sa ina su-se-e e-lip-4 itbi andku I am a man from Telmun whose suttu s.; (mng. uncert.); OB*; cf. sidu A. boat has sunk in the marshes BRM 4 6:10; [ina ... ] u su-si-[e t]u-des-si heg[alla] you (Ea) who produce plenty in [...-s] and canebrakes KAR 59:35, see Ebeling Handerhebung 66, cf. ZA 4 256 iv 11; (the spring asamsutu su-4-ut-tum [...] storm, whirling(?) wind JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 8 v 8 (OB hymn). suttu see suidatu. 262