Mullet Fish Culture
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Aquaculture related. Shortly presenting the culture methods of Mullet fish
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Mullet Fish Culture
- 1. Presentation On Culture Method of Mullet Presented by Md. Tariful Islam Fuad ID. No.: 13207059 Marine Science Session: 2012-13 (2nd Year) Institute Of Marine Sciences & Fisheries, University Of Chittagong.
- 2. MULLET FISH Scientific Name: Mugil Cephalus English Name: Flathead grey mullet, common mullet Local Name : Batta mas
- 3. Culture Methods There are two types of culture mthods- 1. Monoculture 2.Polyculture with common carp, grass carp, silver carp, Nile tilapia and milkfish The following steps are essential for both culture methods • Seed supply • Nursery • On-growing techniques • Harvesting techniques • Handing & processing
- 4. Seed supply Seed can be collected from - wild or - hatchery
- 5. Seed supply Most commercial mullet aquaculture farm collect seed from wild, 16-20mm larvae collected from inshore waters & estuaries during late August to December. Seeds also can be collected from research or commercial hatchery.
- 6. Nursery After catching, fry are stocked in earthen nurseries at high densities. They mainly depend on natural food. Rice or white bran will use as additional food. Temperature will be 20-26°c Secchi disc reading will be 20-30cm. Fry will be kept for 4-6 months until they are about 10g WB.
- 7. On-growing technique Flathead grey mullet can be cultured in polyculture in semi-intensive ponds and netted enclosures in shallow costal water.It also can be cultured in monoculture. Pond preparation: ponds are prepared by drying, ploughing and manuring with 2.5–5.0 tonnes/ha of cow dung. Ponds are then filled to a depth of 25–30 cm and kept at that level for 7–10 days to build up a suitable level of natural feed. The water level is then increased to 1.5–1.75 m and fingerlings are stocked. Productivity (measured by secchi disc – 20-30 cm) is kept at the required level by adding chicken manure and/or chemical fertilizers. Optimal dissolved oxygen is maintained by the use of various types of aerators, especially after sunset.
- 8. On-growing technique Feed supply: The mullet feed on the natural feed, detritus and feed leftovers. In monoculture manuring may be sufficient to reach the required feed level. Mullet has been found to feed directly on chicken manure and good levels of production have been recorded. Extruded feed is supplied to semi-intensive ponds to cover the feeding requirements of other species in polyculture.
- 9. On-growing technique The growing season is normally 7-8 months. Growth is checked by sampling . If growth rates are not as expected, rice and/or wheat bran is added daily in amounts of 0.5–1 percent of biomass to supplement the natural feed in ponds. Within 7–8 months in either culture systems in the subtropical region, flathead grey mullet reach 0.75–1 kg; if kept for two more on-growing seasons, they reach 1.5–1.75 kg each. Desirable size varies from 1.5kg to larger depending on market and location.
- 10. Harvesting Technique Harvesting can be partial in ponds or net enclosures. Daily harvesting, according to market demand, can be carried out using gillnets of suitable mesh size. Nets are stretched in a zigzag line across ponds at sunset and collected at the early morning. In semi-intensive culture, total drain-harvesting is used in late autumn or early winter. Fish usually move with the flow of water to a concrete catch pond at the pond outlet. A seine net can be used to collect those that do not reach the catch pond.
- 11. Handing & processing Fish are collected from the catch ponds by scoop nets and transferred into plastic boxes, washed in running water and then sorted according to species and sizes on a sorting table. Sorted fish are weighed and packed in plastic boxes with crushed ice. In the Mediterranean region, mullet is usually marketed fresh or chilled. Older mullet is considered of inferior quality and does not usually gain a good price. Frozen mullet is considered of much lower value in this region. Mullet is also preserved by wet salting and consumed salted.
- 12. Caution • Diseases & control measures- Iridoviral disease, bacterial fin root, sea lice etc. • Observation of bio-physical condition of pond- ph, temperature, salinity, DO, light penetration etc • Analysis of production cost • Statistical analysis of production & market demand.